THE SENSE OF CONCEPT IN MODERN LINGUISTICS

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 121-127
Author(s):  
GULNARA SH. PAVLOVA ◽  
◽  
EKATERINA V. VARLAMOVA ◽  
ALYONA O. BEGININA ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Affective Education ◽  
The Core ◽  
Semantics And Pragmatics ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Cultural Linguistics ◽  
Metaphorical Interpretation

The analysis of existing approaches to the concept description in modern linguistics is carried out. The research is based on the scientific works of modern linguists dealing with cognitive linguistics, semantics and pragmatics: A. A. Zalevskaya (2001), V. I. Karasik (2002, 2007, 2019), Z. D. Arutyunov (1999), V. A. Maslov (2007), Y. S. Stepanov (2007). The versatility of the concept noted by the linguists requires a more detailed consideration of approaches to its description. The article discusses two positions in the study of the concept - cognitive and lingua-cultural. Terminological differences of term ‘concept’ are given from the point of view of several representatives of the observed linguistic schools. The research methodology is based on the dialectical method of cognition. The concept as a mental category embodies the linguistic and cultural connection of a person's ideas about the world around them - "a clot of culture in the mind". Representatives of cognitive linguistics consider the concept as the result of conscious activity of the speaker, behind which the meanings of native speakers of a particular language are hidden. Psycholinguists interpret the concept as a basic perceptual-cognitive-affective education, which serves as an indicator of a person's mental life. Representatives of the lingua-cultural direction distinguish several features in the concept. First, the value characteristics are expressed in the meaning - "cultural saturation of the concept". Secondly, conceptual properties are represented in the meaning of "mental education". Thirdly, the figurative components of the concept serve its operation in various activities. The multilayered nature of the concept is a subject to abstract modeling, which is used in applied research in linguistics, synchronous comparative studies, confrontational and comparative- typological linguistics. The concept as a unit of meaning is represented as an abstract category that is implemented in language tools and images. Cultural linguistics examines the structure of the concept from the standpoint of three components - conceptual, figurative and axiological (evaluative). The content of the concept can be furtherly investigated in accordance with the field principle - the core (information content), the near periphery (metaphorical interpretation and value features) and the far periphery (infrequent functioning of features).

The expectation marker of course in a cross-linguistic perspective

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Marie Simon-Vandenbergen ◽  
Karin Aijmer
Keyword(s):  
English Learners ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Pragmatic Markers ◽  
Semantic Fields ◽  
Explanatory Account ◽  
Semantics And Pragmatics ◽  
Multilingual Corpus ◽  
Core Meaning

The study of of course presented in this article has an applied, a descriptive and a theoretical aim. Since of course proves to be very frequent in English, learners will need to know what meanings the item has and in what pragmatic contexts it is used. It has indeed been shown that some learners tend to use of course in contexts where it is felt by native speakers to be inappropriate. In order to explain such inappropriate uses we need detailed descriptions of the semantics and pragmatics of of course. From a theoretical point of view such multifunctional items raise the question of whether semantic polysemy or pragmatic polysemy is the best explanatory account. It is argued in this paper that empirical cross-linguistic work can contribute to providing answers to all three research questions. First, the study of correspondences and differences between languages with regard to the meanings and uses of pragmatic markers is a necessary step in the explanation of learner problems. Second, the bidirectional approach to equivalents, which involves going back and forth from sources to translations, enables us to show to what extent the equivalents have partially overlapping pragmatic functions. An in-depth comparison of the semantic fields in which the translation equivalents operate is the ultimate goal. Third, the translation method helps to see to what extent a core meaning account is justified. In this paper three languages are brought into the picture, viz. English, Swedish and Dutch. The cross-linguistic data have been gathered from three translation corpora, i.e. the English-Swedish Parallel Corpus, the Oslo Multilingual Corpus and the Namur Triptic Corpus.

scholarly journals METAPHOR AND HUMOR THEORIES REVIEW

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (69) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
E.V. Cherkasova ◽  
◽  
N.E. Petrova ◽  
Yu.I. Yefremova ◽  
O.V. Petryanina
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Cognitive Models ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Cognitive Approaches ◽  
Cultural Linguistics

Subject of the article is cognitive models of metaphor and humor and their consideration in light of some existing theoretical approaches. The main subject is an overview of cognitive approaches to the study of metaphor and humor. The aim of the work is to try to consider and analyze some theoretical approaches to the study of metaphor and humor, to reveal their common characteristics. The methodological basis is the work of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of cognitive linguistics. The basic method is a descriptive analysis, generalization and comparison method. Results include an overview and analysis of some of the cognitive approaches to the study of metaphor and humor. and may serve as a further solution of the problem of the co-functioning of these cognitive models and the creation of a joint category of "metaphorical humor”. Scope of Results ". may be the development of special courses on cultural linguistics, language theory, stylistics. Output. Some theoretical approaches to the study of metaphor and humor are outlined. Complexity and versatility of both metaphor and humor, frequent use of them in any sphere of human communication cause, large variety of existing theories and numerous studies regarding the nature of their origin and role from the point of view of the sociocultural aspect of human activity. The combined approach of the above theories can be used in the analysis of the description of cognitive processes explaining the potential functioning of metaphor and humor in one expression

scholarly journals АСОЦИЈАТИВНИ ПРИСТУП ЛЕКСИКАЛИЗОВАНИМ ИМЕНИЧКИМ ДЕМИНУТИВИМА СА СУФИКСОМ -ИЦА КОД СТУДЕНАТА СРБИСТИКЕ

TEME ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 055
Author(s):  
Александра Јанић
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Derivational Suffix

The subject of this paper are the lexicalized noun diminutives with the Serbian derivational suffix -ica from the perspective of cognitive linguistics, regarding associations Serbian native speakers (students of the Serbian language and literature) had to them. Our aim is to determine which of the lexemes given in the questionnaire as stimuli and first associations provided by the participants are mainly connected with a lexicalized meaning (e.g. babica, školice), and not with the diminutive one (e.g. bubica, pahuljice). The results of the analysis of the noun diminutives with at least one lexicalized meaning are analyzed regarding their form (singular/plural), usage, and the degree of the lexicalization (complete or partial lexicalization). The conlusions are useful for the clearer perception of the lexicalized diminutives, the lexicographical point of view, and for the distribution of meaning as well.

scholarly journals THE SEMANTIC CATEGORY OF ANOMALY IN THE NOVEL “THE MAN WHO MISTOOK HIS WIFE FOR A HAT” BY OLIVER SACKS

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-212
Author(s):  
Alexander Ptashkin
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
English Language ◽  
Semantic Category ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
The Core ◽  
Linguistic Means

Purpose of the study: This research was conducted with the aim of considering the linguistic means of expressing the core of the semantic field (SF) of the mental component of the category of an anomaly in the literary work “The man who mistook his wife for a hat” by Oliver Sacks in the English language. Methodology: The method of conceptual analysis of the means of expressing the core of the SF of the mental component of the category of the anomaly was used. Lexical units were also analyzed from the point of view of a method of analysis of vocabulary definitions and a contextual method. Main Findings: The category of an anomaly in the novel under study includes mental and physiological components. This mental unit is a semantic field with a core, near and distant peripheries. The core of the SF of the mental component within the novel under study includes lexical units representing neutral bookish style and medical terms in accordance with the International Classification of Diseases. Applications of this study: The results of this paper will be helpful for lecturers of cognitive linguistics, lexicology, lexicography, stylistics, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, country study. The information given in this article can be useful for the preparation and correction of the information about lexical units in the dictionaries or it can function as a basis for further analysis and creation of special corpora. Novelty/Originality of this study: The linguistic means of expressing the SF of the mental component of the category of an anomaly in this novel were analyzed in terms of cognitive linguistics and lexicography. Lexemes and collocations in a special context reflecting different sides of the mental anomaly from the point of medicine in English were considered.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of Greek Origin Words Perception by the Representatives of Contemporary Russian Linguistic Culture: Associative Experiment

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1036-1050
Author(s):  
Viktor M. Shaklein ◽  
Anastasia A. Scomarovscaia
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Greek Culture ◽  
Original Culture ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
A Charge ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article describes the associative experiment as one of the most productive methods of modern psycholinguistics. The theoretical works of Russian and foreign researchers on the theory and practice of the associative experiment in modern linguistics are reviewed. To illustrate the associative experiment, the analysis of the associative fields, formed by the reactions of the Russian-speaking respondents to the words of Greek origin is presented. The relevance of the work is determined by the fact that the authors make an attempt to study the peculiarities of the perception of borrowed words, using the mechanisms of perception of these or those concepts by native speakers, their evaluation and connotations. This seems interesting not only for contemporary psycholinguistics, but also for semantics, stylistics, cognitive linguistics and other branches of linguistics. The linguocultural value of the study lies in the fact that the experiment allows determine how a word of foreign origin, occurring in Russian, retains the charge of the original culture from which it came. The linguistic material for the study is the most common or typical Greek expressions from the poems of A.S. Khomyakov, a Russian poet of the 19th century, one of the founders of the Slavophile movement. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the language of A.S. Khomyakovs works is still understudied. The study of the Greekisms as a foreign cultural phenomenon in the texts of a Slavophile poet, whose philosophical concept is connected with "traditionalism" both in the understanding of culture and language, is of scientific interest. We describe the associative fields to the words-stimuli prophet and ether , using Y.N. Karaulov's methodology, which implies the consideration of associations from lexico-syntactic, morphological, cognitive, pragmatic and statistical points of view. From the linguocultural point of view it is important to identify the cognitive features of the perception of the stimuli. The experiment helped to discover that words of Greek origin continue to carry a charge of Greek culture, in addition, they have become an integral part of Russian culture, manifesting themselves in the minds of native speakers through association with Russian precedent texts. The analysis of associative fields made it possible to reveal the peculiarities of the perception of words of Greek origin by native speakers of modern Russian, and to compare the obtained meanings with those that the words had when they were written in the 19th century. The transformation of semantics, as well as the re-accumulation from one meaning to another, the emergence of new meanings, which corresponds to the historical development of words, are noted.

Beérkezett könyvek

2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 769-770
Author(s):  
Csaba Pléh
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
New Science ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Oxford University Press

Danziger, Kurt: Marking the mind. A history of memory . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2008Farkas, Katalin: The subject’s point of view. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2008MosoninéFriedJudités TolnaiMárton(szerk.): Tudomány és politika. Typotex, Budapest, 2008Iacobini, Marco: Mirroring people. The new science of how we connect with others. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York, 2008Changeux, Jean-Pierre. Du vrai, du beau, du bien.Une nouvelle approche neuronale. Odile Jacob, PárizsGazzaniga_n

FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH: сб.науч.тр./ OEAPS Inc.; редкол.: Флора Бертран (отв.ред.) [и др.]. - Берлин, Германия : OEAPS Inc., 2018. - 58 С.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Мария Григорьевна Алпатова ◽  
Мария Игоревна Щеглова ◽  
Elmira Kalybaevna Adil’bekova ◽  
Nuradin Alibaev ◽  
Arunas Svitojus
Keyword(s):  
Service Sector ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Scientific Quality ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Main Criterion ◽  
The Public ◽  
Peer Reviewers ◽  
Verification Process

The conference is a major international forum for analyzing and discussing trends and approaches in research in the field of basic science and applied research. We provide a platform for discussions on innovative, theoretical and empirical research. The form of the conference: in absentia, without specifying the form in the collection of articles. Working languages: Russian, English Doctors and candidates of science, scientists, specialists of various profiles and directions, applicants for academic degrees, teachers, graduate students, undergraduates, students are invited to participate in the conference. There is one blind verification process in the journal. All articles will be initially evaluated by the editor for compliance with the journal. Manuscripts that are considered appropriate are then usually sent to at least two independent peer reviewers to assess the scientific quality of the article. The editor is responsible for the final decision on whether to accept or reject the article. The editor's decision is final. The main criterion used in assessing the manuscript submitted to the journal is: uniqueness or innovation in the work from the point of view of the methodology being developed and / or its application to a problem of particular importance in the public sector or service sector and / or the setting in which the efforts, for example, in the developing region of the world. That is, the very model / methodology, application and context of problems, at least one of them must be unique and important. Additional criteria considered in the consideration of the submitted document are its accuracy, organization / presentation (ie logical flow) and recording quality.

FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH April 2019: сб.науч.тр./ OEAPS Inc.; редкол.: Флора Бертран (отв.ред.) [и др.]. - Берлин, Германия : OEAPS Inc., 2019. - 98 C.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Изабелла Станиславовна Чибисова ◽  
Диана Ильгизаровна Шарипова ◽  
Альфия Галиевна Зулькарнаева ◽  
Ксения Александровна Дулова ◽  
Садег Амирзадеган ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Sector ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Scientific Quality ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Main Criterion ◽  
The Public ◽  
Peer Reviewers ◽  
Verification Process

The conference is a major international forum for analyzing and discussing trends and approaches in research in the field of basic science and applied research. We provide a platform for discussions on innovative, theoretical and empirical research. The form of the conference: in absentia, without specifying the form in the collection of articles. Working languages: Russian, English Doctors and candidates of science, scientists, specialists of various profiles and directions, applicants for academic degrees, teachers, graduate students, undergraduates, students are invited to participate in the conference. There is one blind verification process in the journal. All articles will be initially evaluated by the editor for compliance with the journal. Manuscripts that are considered appropriate are then usually sent to at least two independent peer reviewers to assess the scientific quality of the article. The editor is responsible for the final decision on whether to accept or reject the article. The editor's decision is final. The main criterion used in assessing the manuscript submitted to the journal is: uniqueness or innovation in the work from the point of view of the methodology being developed and / or its application to a problem of particular importance in the public sector or service sector and / or the setting in which the efforts, for example, in the developing region of the world. That is, the very model / methodology, application and context of problems, at least one of them must be unique and important. Additional criteria considered in the consideration of the submitted document are its accuracy, organization / presentation (ie logical flow) and recording quality.

Are we Ready for a “Microbiome-Guided Behaviour” Approach?

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (04) ◽  
pp. 708-724
Author(s):  
ANDREA LAVAZZA ◽  
VITTORIO A. SIRONI
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Brain Functioning ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Mind

Abstract:The microbiome is proving to be increasingly important for human brain functioning. A series of recent studies have shown that the microbiome influences the central nervous system in various ways, and consequently acts on the psychological well-being of the individual by mediating, among others, the reactions of stress and anxiety. From a specifically neuroethical point of view, according to some scholars, the particular composition of the microbiome—qua microbial community—can have consequences on the traditional idea of human individuality. Another neuroethical aspect concerns the reception of this new knowledge in relation to clinical applications. In fact, attention to the balance of the microbiome—which includes eating behavior, the use of psychobiotics and, in the treatment of certain diseases, the use of fecal microbiota transplantation—may be limited or even prevented by a biased negative attitude. This attitude derives from a prejudice related to everything that has to do with the organic processing of food and, in general, with the human stomach and intestine: the latter have traditionally been regarded as low, dirty, contaminated and opposed to what belongs to the mind and the brain. This biased attitude can lead one to fail to adequately consider the new anthropological conceptions related to the microbiome, resulting in a state of health, both physical and psychological, inferior to what one might have by paying the right attention to the knowledge available today. Shifting from the ubiquitous high-low metaphor (which is synonymous with superior-inferior) to an inside-outside metaphor can thus be a neuroethical strategy to achieve a new and unbiased reception of the discoveries related to the microbiome.

scholarly journals “Cognitive Linguistics: Looking back, looking forward”

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dagmar Divjak ◽  
Natalia Levshina ◽  
Jane Klavan
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
The Past ◽  
European Data ◽  
Time Space ◽  
The Social ◽  
Theory Of Language ◽  
Looking Back ◽  
West European

AbstractSince its conception, Cognitive Linguistics as a theory of language has been enjoying ever increasing success worldwide. With quantitative growth has come qualitative diversification, and within a now heterogeneous field, different – and at times opposing – views on theoretical and methodological matters have emerged. The historical “prototype” of Cognitive Linguistics may be described as predominantly of mentalist persuasion, based on introspection, specialized in analysing language from a synchronic point of view, focused on West-European data (English in particular), and showing limited interest in the social and multimodal aspects of communication. Over the past years, many promising extensions from this prototype have emerged. The contributions selected for the Special Issue take stock of these extensions along the cognitive, social and methodological axes that expand the cognitive linguistic object of inquiry across time, space and modality.

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