scholarly journals Social and Psychological Aspects of Dental Trauma, Behavior Management of Young Patients Who have Suffered Dental Trauma

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aristidis Arhakis ◽  
Eirini Athanasiadou ◽  
Christina Vlachou
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Behavior Management ◽  
Positive Reinforcement ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Functional Problems

Introduction: Injuries concerning the skull, the mouth and thus potentially involving the mouth and teeth are characterized as major public health problems due to their high prevalence and very serious functional and aesthetic consequences. Pain, aesthetic and functional problems arising from dental trauma significantly disrupt normal function, and impact, often dramatically, on young patients’ quality of life. Procedure: With regards to the behavior management approach to a child who has suffered a dental trauma, dentist’s first step is to be to reassure child and parents. They should feel that the emergency is being properly treated on the part of the dentist and feel safe. The dentist should offer psychological support to child and parents and focus on alleviating any possible pain the child may feel. But, before that, a good level of communication with the child should be established. Conclusion: This can be achieved through the tell-show-do technique, a presentation of the special session’s structure, the positive reinforcement method, the attention distraction method and exploiting the child’s imagination. The detailed description of the treatment to be followed is crucial for reducing the child’s level of stress, as well as that of the parents. Immediately after the completion of treatment, dentist should give listening time to the parents for any queries and include the child who probably wants to share their experience.

scholarly journals Heart failure: preventing rehospitalizations by disease management programs

2004 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerio Verdiani ◽  
Carlo Nozzoli
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Improve Quality ◽  
Disease Management Programs ◽  
Prevalent Disease ◽  
Disease Management Approach

Chronic heart failure is a growing public health problem for prevalence, morbidity and costs. The major proportion of costs is attributable to rehospitalizations and many of these readmissions may be preventable. Since 1990, some investigators have tested a variety of disease management programs designed to improve quality of life, functional status and decrease rehospitalizations rates. We identified these studies by a computerized search of the MEDLINE database. The programs described reflected a wide variety of methods and we categorized these programs recognizing the prevalent disease management approach. We reported the results of these trials about rehospitalizations and analysed a number of limitations that must be considered when determining their adoption into clinical practice.

scholarly journals In Favour of Regional Diabetes Day Hospitals

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (13) ◽  
pp. 2293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Barroso ◽  
Ascensión Barroso ◽  
Ramón Sanguino ◽  
M. Isabel Sánchez-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Chronic Complications ◽  
The People ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Day Hospitals ◽  
It Efficiency

Diabetes mellitus is considered a public health issue worldwide, with a high prevalence. It is a direct cause of death, disability, and high health costs. In addition, it generates a series of complications of variable types and degrees that have frequent negative effects on the quality of life of the people who suffer from it. Efficiency in public health implies a reduction in costs and improvements in citizens’ quality of life. With the twofold aim of rationalizing costs and promoting an improvement in the care of people with diabetes, we propose a project: a Diabetes Day Hospital (DDH) in Extremadura (Spain). This involves a new organizational model which has already been implemented in other European regions, generating satisfactory results. This study includes details on the structure and operation of the DDH, as well as the expected costs. The DDH allows for a proper coordination among the parties involved in the monitoring and treatment of the disease, and reduces the costs derived from unnecessary admissions and chronic complications. Results show that efficiency in the regional health system could be improved and a significant amount of money could be saved.

scholarly journals Qualidade do sono de cuidadores primários de crianças com microcefalia em uma unidade de saúde pública de Alagoas, Brasil

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nycolas Emmanuel Tavares de Lira ◽  
Meire Helen Pereira Lyra da Silva ◽  
Ruana Camilla de Carvalho Santos ◽  
Wanderson Felipe Venceslau Oliveira ◽  
Victor Emmanuel Lopes da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Primary Caregivers ◽  
Public Health Facility ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Receive Treatment ◽  
The Relationship

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the sleep quality of primary caregivers of children with microcephaly that receive treatment in a public health facility.METHODS: This is a transversal, descriptive and quali-quantitative study. Ten informal primary caregivers of children with microcephaly from a public health facility in Alagoas were interviewed one-on-one for 20 minutes using the mini-sleep questionnaire (MSQ). MSQ scores were statistically analyzed to describe sleep disturbances (mean, median and standard deviation), and the relationship between the level of microcephaly and sleep quality was tested by Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test.RESULTS: Results found herein shows the predominance of women as caregivers of children with microcephaly. Overall, the studied population showed a high prevalence of alteration in sleep quality, with 70% of sampled caregivers showing severe sleep disturbances (scores greater than 30). No relationship between the level of microcephaly and sleep disturbances were found (p>0.05).CONCLUSIONS: There is a high prevalence of sleep disturbances among primary caregivers of children with microcephaly in the studied facility. This pattern is of great concern as such disorders may negatively affect not only the caregivers’ life quality, but also the quality of provided care.

scholarly journals A INFLUÊNCIA DO MÉTODO MCKENZIE NO TRATAMENTO DA LOMBALGIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Vanessa Paula De Sousa ◽  
David Reis Moura ◽  
Francisco Valmor Macedo Cunha
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Low Back ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Reduction Of Pain ◽  
Mckenzie Method ◽  
Pain Symptoms

Introduction: Low back pain, due to the high prevalence, is the main reason for sickness and pensions in Brazil causing a major burden for the state and the reduction of the individual's quality of life. The treatment may be conservative (drug and therapy) or surgery, but often such treatments are not definitive and culminating in reincidivas. Among the physiotherapy intervention techniques, Mckenzie method stands out because it is an individualized intervention technique that emphasizes patient education through exercises to restore normal function, where the patient learns to avoid during treatment movements, postures and activities that worsen your condition. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of Mckenzie method on the treatment of lumbar. Materials and Methods: We performed a literature search of articles published between 2005 to 2015, in Portuguese, English and French, using the key words: low back pain, quality of life and physical therapy in Scienciedirect databases, Peter, Pubmed, LILACS and scielo. Results and conclusion: The articles were initially screened for the content of the titles and abstracts and confronted the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subsequently, the selected articles were analyzed in all content and data were organized into figures and framework to present the main findings of the research. Publications on the theme revealed the importance of McKenzie in the reduction of pain symptoms and disability in low back pain, contributing to the patient's return in their activities of daily living.

Minerals Intake Distributions in a Large Sample of Iranian at-Risk Population Using the National Cancer Institute Method: Do They Meet Their Requirements?

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 129-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Heidari ◽  
Awat Feizi ◽  
Leila Azadbakht ◽  
Nizal Sarrafzadegan
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
National Cancer Institute ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract. Background: Minerals are required for the body’s normal function. Aim: The current study assessed the intake distribution of minerals and estimated the prevalence of inadequacy and excess among a representative sample of healthy middle aged and elderly Iranian people. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the second follow up to the Isfahan Cohort Study (ICS), 1922 generally healthy people aged 40 and older were investigated. Dietary intakes were collected using 24 hour recalls and two or more consecutive food records. Distribution of minerals intake was estimated using traditional (averaging dietary intake days) and National Cancer Institute (NCI) methods, and the results obtained from the two methods, were compared. The prevalence of minerals intake inadequacy or excess was estimated using the estimated average requirement (EAR) cut-point method, the probability approach and the tolerable upper intake levels (UL). Results: There were remarkable differences between values obtained using traditional and NCI methods, particularly in the lower and upper percentiles of the estimated intake distributions. A high prevalence of inadequacy of magnesium (50 - 100 %), calcium (21 - 93 %) and zinc (30 - 55 % for males > 50 years) was observed. Significant gender differences were found regarding inadequate intakes of calcium (21 - 76 % for males vs. 45 - 93 % for females), magnesium (92 % vs. 100 %), iron (0 vs. 15 % for age group 40 - 50 years) and zinc (29 - 55 % vs. 0 %) (all; p < 0.05). Conclusion: Severely imbalanced intakes of magnesium, calcium and zinc were observed among the middle-aged and elderly Iranian population. Nutritional interventions and population-based education to improve healthy diets among the studied population at risk are needed.

Musical Anhedonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
Sara E. Holm ◽  
Alexander Schmidt ◽  
Christoph J. Ploner
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Precise Information ◽  
Exact Localization ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract. Some people, although they are perfectly healthy and happy, cannot enjoy music. These individuals have musical anhedonia, a condition which can be congenital or may occur after focal brain damage. To date, only a few cases of acquired musical anhedonia have been reported in the literature with lesions of the temporo-parietal cortex being particularly important. Even less literature exists on congenital musical anhedonia, in which impaired connectivity of temporal brain regions with the Nucleus accumbens is implicated. Nonetheless, there is no precise information on the prevalence, causes or exact localization of both congenital and acquired musical anhedonia. However, the frequent involvement of temporo-parietal brain regions in neurological disorders such as stroke suggest the possibility of a high prevalence of this disorder, which leads to a considerable reduction in the quality of life.

Managing the effectiveness of the regional health system

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 698-720
Author(s):  
E.V. Lobkova ◽  
A.S. Petrichenko
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Krasnoyarsk Krai ◽  
Regional Health ◽  
Luenberger Observer ◽  
Efficiency Assessment ◽  
Public Health Indicators

Subject. This article studies the mechanism of State health regulation and methods of management of efficiency of regional healthcare institutions. Objectives. The article aims to analyze the territorial health system in the context of the urgent need to optimize budget expenditures and address public health problems, as well as develop directions to improve the effectiveness of the regional health system of the Krasnoyarsk Krai. Methods. For the study, we used the method of index numbers and calculation of dynamics indicators using official statistics data. Results. We have developed and now present a system of indicators of regional health efficiency assessment, focused mainly on public health indicators and quality of medical services. We also offer our own version of the Luenberger observer modification adapted to the objectives of the regional health system analysis. Conclusions and Relevance. The article concludes that it is necessary to optimize the regional health system using the parameters of medical and social efficiency of the system. The proposed approach to assessing the effectiveness of regional health system can be used as a mechanism to develop recommendations for the management of the network of medical and prophylactic institutions of the region.

Assessing the quality of public health in the Russian Federation and Israel: Main problems and solutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 618-632
Author(s):  
A.S. Panchenko
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Population Based ◽  
The Public ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Year ◽  
Practical Recommendations

Subject. The article addresses the public health in the Russian Federation and Israel. Objectives. The focus is on researching the state of public health in Russia and Israel, using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) project methodology, identifying problem areas and searching for possible ways to improve the quality of health of the Russian population based on the experience of Israel. Methods. The study draws on the ideology of the GBD project, which is based on the Disability-Adjusted Life-Year (DALY) metric. Results. The paper reveals the main causes of DALY losses and important risk factors for cancer for Russia and Israel. The findings show that the total DALY losses for Russia exceed Israeli values. The same is true for cancer diseases. Conclusions. Activities in Israel aimed at improving the quality of public health, the effectiveness of which has been proven, can serve as practical recommendations for Russia. The method of analysis, using the ideology of the GBD project, can be used as a tool for quantitative and comparative assessment of the public health.

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