ANALYSIS OF BONE IMPLANT TO CONTACT VALUE USING SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE IN POST IMMEDIATE IMPLANTS WITH ADDITION OF GEL-EXTRACTED ROSELLA FLOWER

Objective: The objective of the study was to analyze the difference of bone to implant contact (BIC) value post-immediate implants with or withoutinjecting rosella flower extracts gel in mongrel.Methods: A total of 18 implants were inserted in 9 mongrel’s dog. The implant was divided into two groups. The first one (test implant) was implantedimmediately after injection of gel-extracted rosella flower 10%, while another group (control implant) was implanted immediately after the toothextraction. The histomorphometry analysis was done after 14, 28, and 56 days to find out the BIC value.Result: The mean value of BIC rosella group was 63.44% and the mean value of the control group was 52.11%, with p=0.041.Conclusion: Rosella flower extract is able to shorten the inflammatory phase after implantation, accelerate and expand bone growth by spurringcollagen deposition as well as inhibiting osteoclast activity.

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Assessment of the Tissue Response to Modification of the Surface of Dental Implants with Carboxyethylphosphonic Acid and Basic Fibroblastic Growth Factor Immobilization (Fgf-2): An Experimental Study on Minipigs

Biology ◽

10.3390/biology10050358 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 358

Author(s):

Javier Aragoneses ◽

Ana Suárez ◽

Nansi López-Valverde ◽

Francisco Martínez-Martínez ◽

Juan Manuel Aragoneses

Keyword(s):

Surface Treatment ◽

Test Group ◽

Mean Value ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Implant Surface ◽

Bone Contact ◽

Bone Implant ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of implant surface treatment with carboxyethylphosphonic acid and fibroblast growth factor 2 on the bone–implant interface during the osseointegration period in vivo using an animal model. The present research was carried out in six minipigs, in whose left tibia implants were inserted as follows: eight implants with a standard surface treatment, for the control group, and eight implants with a surface treatment of carboxyethylphosphonic acid and immobilization of FGF-2, for the test group. At 4 weeks after the insertion of the implants, the animals were sacrificed for the histomorphometric analysis of the samples. The means of the results for the implant–bone contact variable (BIC) were 46.39 ± 17.49% for the test group and 34.00 ± 9.92% for the control group; the difference was not statistically significant. For the corrected implant–bone contact variable (BICc), the mean value of the test group was 60.48 ± 18.11%, and that for the control group, 43.08 ± 10.77%; the difference was statistically significant (p-value = 0.035). The new bone formation (BV/TV) showed average results of 27.28 ± 3.88% for the test group and 26.63 ± 7.90% for the control group, meaning that the differences were not statistically significant (p-value = 0.839). Regarding the bone density at the interthread level (BAI/TA), the mean value of the test group was 32.27 ± 6.70%, and that of the control group was 32.91 ± 7.76%, with a p-value of 0.863, while for the peri-implant density (BAP/TA), the mean value of the test group was 44.96 ± 7.55%, and that for the control group was 44.80 ± 8.68%, without a significant difference between the groups. The current research only found a significant difference for the bone–implant contact at the cortical level; therefore, it could be considered that FGF-2 acts on the mineralization of bone tissue. The application of carboxyethylphosphonic acid on the surface of implants can be considered a promising alternative as a biomimetic coating for the immobilization of FGF-2. Despite no differences in the new bone formation around the implants or in the interthread or peri-implant bone density being detected, the biofunctionalization of the implant surface with FGF-2 accelerates the mineralization of the bone–implant interface at the cortical level, thereby reducing the osseointegration period.

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True and Pseudo Cholinesterase levels in short and long-term of pesticides exposures

International Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Research ◽

10.31878/ijcbr.2020.64.03 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 9-12

Author(s):

Mohammed Abdul Rahman ◽

Raghunatha Rao D ◽

Vasantha L

Keyword(s):

Whole Blood ◽

Acute Poisoning ◽

Mean Value ◽

Serum Cholinesterase ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Chronic Poisoning ◽

The Mean ◽

The Difference ◽

And Control

The present study is aimed to study and analyze the true and pseudo Cholinesterase levels in the subjects exposed to pesticides during short term by intentional or accidental intake and long term exposure due to their occupation were studied at Department of Biochemistry, SVS medical college and hospital mahbubnagar district. Whole blood cholinesterase levels and Pseudo cholinesterase levels were estimated. 150 people were taken as controls who had no medical illness and a total number of 300 cases of pesticide poisoning were selected, aged between 20 to 55 years, which consist of 150 acute poisoning and 150 chronic poisoning subjects in Mahbubnagar district, were taken as case study, the detailed case history and the type of organophosphorus pesticide taken were recorded. Mean and standard deviation (S.D) of all variables were calculated and compared with those of controls. Statistical significance was assessed and P-value <0.05 were considered significant. During acute poisoning the mean value of Whole blood cholinesterase/True cholinesterase (U / L) in acute poisoning cases on first day was 1.267± 0.612 on 3th day was 1.651±0.647, on 7th day was 2.221±0.684 and at the end of 6 months was 3.970±0.404.The difference between the study group and control group (4.0 ± 0.39) was found to be statistically significant in1st, 3rd, 7th day but not significant at the end of 6 months. The mean value of serum cholinesterase/pseudo cholinesterase (U/L) in acute poisoning cases on first day was 2213.05 ± 1749.81, on 3th day was 2862.3 ± 2025.6, on 7th day was 4008.4 ± 2355.9 and at the end of 6 months was 7708.34 ± 880.72.The difference between the study group and control group (7991.97 ± 1276.5) was found to be statistically significant in1st, 3rd, 7th day but not significant at the end of 6 months. During chronic poisoning (exposure) the mean value of Whole blood cholinesterase (U/L) in controls is 4.0 ± 0.39 as compared to 3.019 ± 0.848 in cases of chronic poisoning. The difference between the study group and control group was found to be statistically significant. The mean value of serum cholinesterase/pseudo cholinesterase (U/L) in controls was 7991.97 ± 1276.5 as compared to 6214 ± 1189 in cases of chronic poisoning. The difference between the study group and control group was found to be statistically significant.

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Evaluation of Effects of Topical Melatonin Application on Osseointegration of Dental Implant: An Experimental Study

Journal of Oral Implantology ◽

10.1563/aaid-joi-d-16-00048 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 42 (5) ◽

pp. 386-389 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Serkan Dundar ◽

Ferhan Yaman ◽

Arif Saybak ◽

M. Fatih Ozupek ◽

Vesile Elif Toy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Mean Value ◽

Control Group ◽

Bone Implant ◽

Implant Placement ◽

The Mean ◽

Implant Integration ◽

Additive Materials ◽

New Zealand Rabbits

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of local melatonin application during surgery on bone implant connection (BIC) in rabbit tibiae. Six 0.8- to 1-year-old male New Zealand rabbits were divided into 3 groups: (1) a control group (CG) in which rabbits were not treated with additive materials and only implant integration was executed; (2) a melatonin dose 1 (MLT D-1) group in which rabbits were treated with 1.2 mg of melatonin locally before implant placement into the rabbits' tibiae; and (3) a melatonin dose 2 (MLT D-2) group in which rabbits were treated with 3 mg melatonin locally before implant placement into the rabbits' tibiae. Four weeks after the procedure, the rabbits were euthanized; their tibiae were dissected from muscles and soft tissues, fixed with formaldehyde, and later embedded in methacrylate. Histologic and histomorphometric analyses were then performed under light microscopy. Following this, BIC was detected histomorphometrically, and P < .05 was considered statistically significant. Results showed that the highest BIC percentage was detected in MLT D-2, with a mean value of 39.46% ± 0.78, as compared with a mean value of 33.89% ± 0.92 in group MLT D-1 and 27.42% ± 0.89 in CG. Similarly, the mean BIC percentage of the MLT D-2 group was the highest among the three, with the mean BIC percentage of the MLT D-1 still registering as higher than CG. Within the limitations of this rabbit study, it appears that local melatonin application during implant surgery may improve BIC.

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The Implementation of Flipped Learning in Squash Method Material in Microtechnique Course

BIOEDUSCIENCE ◽

10.22236/j.bes/424825 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 166-176

Author(s):

Puspita Ratna Susilawati

Keyword(s):

Learning Model ◽

Mean Value ◽

Student Understanding ◽

Control Group ◽

Flipped Learning ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Equivalent Control ◽

The Mean ◽

The Difference ◽

And Control

Background: The implementation of flipped learning could be one of the solutions offered so that practicum that was limit by time could be carried out. This study aimed to determine the effect of implementing the flipped learning model on student understanding of the squash method material in microtechnique courses. Methods: This quasi study used a non-equivalent control group design. In the treatment group the flipped learning model was applied and an analysis of its effect on student understanding was carried out. The research data were obtained through the pretest and posttest. The pretest is used to evaluate the ability to remembering and understanding, while the posttest evaluates the ability to analyze, evaluate and create. The pretest and posttest value data were used to calculate the N-gain value, then the Mann-Whitney U test was performed to determine the difference between the two. Results: The increase in the mean value in the treatment class was higher than in the control class. The treatment class was 5.2, while the control class was 0.82. The percentage of students who showed a high and moderate N-gain score in the treatment class was 54.05%, while the control class was 40%. There was no difference between the N-gain value in the treatment and control classes. The flipped learning model's implementation did not affect student understanding but had been able to increase student understanding of the squash method material. Conclusions: The flipped learning model could be applied as a solution to practical problems constrained by time constraints.

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Quantitative Determination of Serum Level of TLR4, TLR7 and TLR9 in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Patients in Basrah, Iraq

Biomedical & Pharmacology Journal ◽

10.13005/bpj/2325 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 2255-2260

Author(s):

Rasha Adnan Mustafa ◽

Hanadi Abdulqader Jasim ◽

Sadeq Khalaf Ali Al-Salait

Keyword(s):

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

Serum Level ◽

Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

Mean Value ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Immune Evasion Mechanism ◽

The Mean ◽

The Difference

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is one of most frequent malignancy detected in children, accounting for three quarters of all leukemia occurrences in children. Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) have been shown to be expressed or up regulated in tumors (solid) and tumor cell lines, but their expression level or role in the etiology and progression of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children is not studied widely. This study intended to explore the association of serum level of TLR4, TLR7, and TLR9 in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. A case control study was conducted on patients (pediatric) with ALL who have been admitted to Basrah Children Specialty Hospital, Basrah, Iraq. Three ml of serum samples were collected for the measurement of TLRs concentration by using Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA). The mean level of TLR4, TLR7 and TLR9 in patients were higher than the control group. However, the difference was statistically significant for TLR4 and TLR7 (P-value less than 0.005) but not for TLR9. The mean value of TLRs are higher in the newly diagnosed group than the relapse. The higher serum concentration of TLR4, TLR7 and TLR9 in patients, whether new or in relapse, compared to control group might be part of the immune-evasion mechanism developed by the malignant cells that plays a serious role in leukomogenicity and disease advancement.

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Seasonal trends in the stable isotopic composition of snow and meltwater runoff in a subarctic catchment at Okstindan, Norway

Hydrology Research ◽

10.2166/nh.2004.0009 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 119-137 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

S.D. Gurney ◽

D.S.L. Lawrence

Keyword(s):

Isotopic Composition ◽

Mean Value ◽

Mean Values ◽

Stable Isotopic Composition ◽

Meltwater Runoff ◽

Stable Isotopic ◽

The Mean ◽

The Difference ◽

Δ18o And Δd

Seasonal variations in the stable isotopic composition of snow and meltwater were investigated in a sub-arctic, mountainous, but non-glacial, catchment at Okstindan in northern Norway based on analyses of δ18O and δD. Samples were collected during four field periods (August 1998; April 1999; June 1999 and August 1999) at three sites lying on an altitudinal transect (740–970 m a.s.l.). Snowpack data display an increase in the mean values of δ18O (increasing from a mean value of −13.51 to −11.49‰ between April and August), as well as a decrease in variability through the melt period. Comparison with a regional meteoric water line indicates that the slope of the δ18O–δD line for the snowpacks decreases over the same period, dropping from 7.49 to approximately 6.2.This change points to the role of evaporation in snowpack ablation and is confirmed by the vertical profile of deuterium excess. Snowpack seepage data, although limited, also suggest reduced values of δD, as might be associated with local evaporation during meltwater generation. In general, meltwaters were depleted in δ18O relative to the source snowpack at the peak of the melt (June), but later in the year (August) the difference between the two was not statistically significant. The diurnal pattern of isotopic composition indicates that the most depleted meltwaters coincide with the peak in temperature and, hence, meltwater production.

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The Bone Buttress Theory: The Effect of the Mechanical Loading of Bone on the Osseointegration of Dental Implants

Biology ◽

10.3390/biology10010012 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 12

Author(s):

David Chavarri-Prado ◽

Aritza Brizuela-Velasco ◽

Ángel Álvarez-Arenal ◽

Markel Dieguez-Pereira ◽

Esteban Pérez-Pevida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Implants ◽

Mechanical Loading ◽

Bone Growth ◽

Bone Matrix ◽

Test Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Group A ◽

Bone To Implant Contact ◽

The Stability ◽

Group B

Objectives: To determine the effect of mechanical loading of bone on the stability and histomorphometric variables of the osseointegration of dental implants using an experimental test in an animal model. Materials and Methods: A total of 4 human implants were placed in both tibiae of 10 New Zealand rabbits (n = 40). A 6-week osseointegration was considered, and the rabbits were randomly assigned to two groups: Group A (Test group) included 5 rabbits that ran on a treadmill for 20 min daily during the osseointegration period; Group B (Controls) included the other 5 that were housed conventionally. The monitored variables were related to the primary and secondary stability of the dental implants (implant stability quotient—ISQ), vertical bone growth, bone to implant contact (BIC), area of regenerated bone and the percentage of immature matrix. Results: The results of the study show a greater vertical bone growth (Group A 1.26 ± 0.48 mm, Group B 0.32 ± 0.47 mm, p < 0.001), higher ISQ values (Group A 11.25 ± 6.10 ISQ, 15.73%; Group B 5.80 ± 5.97 ISQ, 7.99%, p = 0.006) and a higher BIC (Group A 19.37%, Group B 23.60%, p = 0.0058) for implants in the test group, with statistically significant differences. A higher percentage of immature bone matrix was observed for implants in the control group (20.68 ± 9.53) than those in the test group (15.38 ± 8.84) (p = 0.108). A larger area of regenerated bone was also observed for the test implants (Group A 280.50 ± 125.40 mm2, Group B 228.00 ± 141.40 mm2), but it was not statistically significant (p = 0.121). Conclusions: The mechanical loading of bone improves the stability and the histomorphometric variables of the osseointegration of dental implants.

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Section plane selection influences the results of histomorphometric studies: the example of dental implants

Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik ◽

10.1515/bmt-2012-0015 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 57 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Sigmar Kopp ◽

Mareike Warkentin ◽

Ferenc Öri ◽

Peter Ottl ◽

Günther Kundt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Section Plane ◽

Section Thickness ◽

Implant Surface ◽

Bone Implant ◽

Osseointegrated Implants ◽

Section Technique ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Bone To Implant Contact ◽

The Mean ◽

Dependent Samples

AbstractThis study was designed to determine and statistically analyze bone-to-implant contact (BIC) values for human specimens segmented in at least two different locations.Samples of human bone with fractured osseointegrated implants were obtained from six patients. Sections were prepared, dehydrated, and resin infiltrated. Undecalcified bone sections were produced using the thin-section technique according to Donath, ultimately obtaining a section thickness of approximately 20 μm. Fifteen specimens were available for histomorphometry. The bone sections were digitized and analyzed. The bone-to-metal contact (BMC) parameter was determined histomorphometrically. The BMC was returned in terms of the visibly bone-covered implant surfaces as a percentage of the total implant surface shown.The values obtained for the six implants were arranged as six maximum-distance pairs and tested for significance using the t-test for dependent samples. The mean difference in BIC was 11.69±9.79%. The two-sided test showed a significant difference (p=0.033).The accidental or deliberate choice of section plane for a bone-implant block has an influence on the BIC value. To make BIC values more comparable, a standardization of section planes is desirable.

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Serum immunoglobulins in patients with chronic tonsillitis

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215100148297 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 98 (12) ◽

pp. 1213-1216 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Harbans Lal ◽

O. P. Sachdeva ◽

H. R. Mehta

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Mean Value ◽

The Body ◽

Antigenic Stimulation ◽

Chronic Tonsillitis ◽

Serum Immunoglobulin ◽

Control Group ◽

Humoral Immune ◽

Humoral Immune System ◽

The Mean

AbstractSerum immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA and IgM) levels were determined in patients with chronic tonsillitis before and one month after tonsillectomy. The preoperative levels of serum IgG, IgA and IgM were significantly higher when compared with the controls. The increase may be due to repeated antigenic stimulation. The post-operative levels for the three immunoglobulins were decreased; however, a significant reduction was observed for IgG only where the mean value was comparable with the control group. The data confirm that tonsillectomy does not disturb the humoral immune system of the body.

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Effect of Activity-Based Games on Students' Academic Achievement in Social Sciences

FWU Journal of Social Sciences ◽

10.51709/19951272/fall-2021/5 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 82-95

Keyword(s):

Academic Achievement ◽

Performance Test ◽

Mean Value ◽

Control Group ◽

Second Phase ◽

Initial Stage ◽

Post Test ◽

The Mean ◽

Based Instruction ◽

Experimental Group

The purpose of the research was to investigatethe effect of activity-based games on the academic achievement of graduate-level pupils in social sciences.An experimental research design with a pre-and post-test control group was used in this study. As pre-test and post-test, MCQ achievement tests containing 70 items were used as research methods for data collecting. The initial stage in this initiative was to collect data on what inspires children to learn. Both groups took a pre-test, and the results were tallied.The project's second phase was to study the effects of variousactivities on academic achievement. Both groups were given an MCQ performance test. The T-test was used to analyze the data. The findings of this study demonstrated that, compared to the control group, mostpupils'marks improved in the experimental group. The mean value showedthat experimental group participants scored 18.77on the post-test, while control group students scored 16.21. According to a post-lesson poll, most students regarded activity-based games to be more engaging than lecture-based instruction.

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