scholarly journals Protective overcoming behavior in naval professionals with signs of occupational burnout

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
P. A. Soshkin
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Occupational Burnout ◽  
Psychological Defense ◽  
Behavior Strategies ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Psychological Defenses ◽  
Group 1

Purpose. Evaluation of protective overcoming behavior in naval professionals with (or without) signs of occupational burnout.Materials and methods. The study enrolled 250 naval professionals aged from 25 to 45 years. Subjects were divided into two groups — without (group 1 (n=91 men)) and with (group 2 (n=159 men) signs of occupational burnout who showed strategies and models of coping behavior, psychological defense mechanisms by set of psychodiagnostic tests.Results and discussion. It was found that naval professionals without signs of occupational burnout use more constructive strategies and behavior patterns when coping with stress — active, prosocial and indirect behavior strategy and they represent significantly higher values of developed psychological defenses in comparison with individuals with signs of occupational burnout who use passive, asocial and direct behavior strategies.Conclusion. In order to prevent occupational burnout in surveyed individuals, it is advisable to conduct training in use of constructive coping and the best psychological defenses.

Strategies of Coping Behavior Depending on the Peculiarities of Creativity in Students of Different Specialties

2021 ◽  
pp. 108-115
Author(s):  
Tatiana Valentinovna Hutoryanskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
State University ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Verbal Creativity ◽  
Behavior Strategies ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Group 1

The work is devoted to the study of coping behavior strategies depending on the characteristics of creativity in students of different specialties. Purpose of the article. The aim of the study is to identify coping behavior strategies depending on the characteristics of creativity among students of humanitarian and technical specialties. Research methodology and methods. The results of an empirical study carried out on a sample of students of the Saratov National Research State University named after N.G. Chernyshevsky city of Saratov (group 1 – n=50, 18–23 years old, students of humanitarian specialties; group 2 – n=50, 18–23 years old, students of technical specialties) using diagnostic tools: a test for coping behavior of R. Lazarus ( Kryukova, 2007); methodology «Coping behavior in stressful situations» (S. Norman, D. F. Endler, D. A. James, M. I. Parker; adapted version by T. A. Kryukova); COPE stress coping questionnaire (K. Carver, M. Scheyer, J. Weintraub; adaptation by T. O. Gordeeva, E. N. Osin, E. A.Rasskazova, O. A. Sychev, V. Yu. Shevyakhova); Mednik’s verbal creativity test (RAT), adult version, adaptation by A. N. Voronin; test of verbal creativity by J. Guildford; method for diagnosing non–verbal creativity (adaptation of the Guildford and Torrance test, subtest «Completion of figures» by A. N. Voronin). Research results. It was found that there are significant differences between creativity and coping strategies among students of humanitarian and technical specialties, and there is also a significant connection between creativity and coping behavior. Conclusion. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using its results by educational psychologists in the course of practical work with students in the search for new ways of adapting to changing reality and using creativity as a resource that allows constructively coping with stress.

Model of correlation between anticipatory consistency and intuitiveness in the development of neuroses

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Alexander Granitsa
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
General System ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Psychological Defense ◽  
Cluster Analyses ◽  
Neurotic Disorders

The aim of the study was to form the model of correlation between intuitiveness and anticipatory consistency in case of neurotic and somatoform disorders. The study included 197 patients with neurotic and somatoform disorders and 66 healthy people. We found a lower level of intuitiveness and anticipatory consistency in patients with neurotic disorders than in healthy people. Correlation and cluster analyses have shown that anticipatory inconsistency and a reduced intuitiveness play a significant role in the mechanisms of neurosis development. Intuitiveness in neurotic and somatoform disorders is the link between anticipatory consistency and psychological defense mechanisms in the general system of coping with stress.

Reducing Gingivitis Remotely using the iGAM mHealth app (part 2): Prospective Observational Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Tobias ◽  
Assaf B Spanier
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Dental Clinics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Oral Hygiene Habits ◽  
Group 1

BACKGROUND Gingivitis is a non-painful, inflammatory condition that can be treated with home remedies. Left untreated gingivitis can lead to tooth loss. Periodic dental examinations are important for early diagnosis and treatment of gum diseases. In order to contain the spread of the corona virus, governments, including in Israel, have restricted movements of their citizens which has caused routine dental checkups to be postponed. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the ability of an mHealth app- iGAM to reduce gingivitis. METHODS A prospective observational cohort study was performed, 160 unpaid participants were divided into 2 equal groups and downloaded the iGAM app. Group 1 photographed their gums weekly for eight weeks. Group 2 photographed their gums at the time of recruitment and 8 weeks later. After photo submission, the participants received the message "It is recommended to read the information contained within the app regarding maintaining oral hygiene habits". A single blinded researcher examined the images and scored them according to the Modified Gingival Index (MGI). RESULTS The average age of group 1 was 26.77 (S.D. ± 7.43), and 28.53 (S.D. ± 10.44) for group 2. The majority were male (74.7% in group 1 vs. 66.7% in group 2), most participants described themselves as "secular", most were "single", non-smokers (74.7% vs. 78.4%) and did not take medications (85.3% vs. 78.4%). 126 subjects completed the study. A statistically significant difference (P <.001) was found in the dependent variable (MGI) in a linearly negative manner. As time passed, the gum condition improved, there were significantly lower gingivitis scores in group 1 (M = 1.16, S.D. ± 1.18) compared to group 2 (M = 2.16, S.D. ± 1.49), after eight weeks. Those with more recent dental visits had a lower MGI (p = .037). No association was found between knowledge and behavior, most participants were familiar with the recommendations for maintaining oral health, yet they only performed some. CONCLUSIONS A dental selfie taken once a week using an mHealth app (iGAM) reduced the signs of gingivitis and promoted oral health. During the current pandemic where social distancing recommendations may be causing people to avoid dental clinics, this app can remotely promote gum health. CLINICALTRIAL The protocol was approved by Hadassah research ethics committee (IRB, 0212-18-HMO)

scholarly journals Features of psychological protection of students of IHE who are engaged in swimming

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
N. Dakal ◽  
O. Cherevichko ◽  
K. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Fear Of Failure ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Psychological Defense ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Behavior

The purpose of psychological protection is to maintain the integrity of the "self-concept" of the individual by protecting his consciousness from negative traumatic experiences, fear of failure, anxiety or uncertainty in their actions. The authors who studied this phenomenon in sports note that the psychological protection of the athlete - is a system of mechanisms and methods of mental self-regulation of consciousness and behavior of the individual in extreme mental conditions. Psychological defense mechanisms are manifested in students as a regulatory system that is activated in a situation of internal or external conflict. Based on it, students often show such a defense mechanism as substitution, regression, and compensation. Considering the manifestation of protective mechanisms in boys and girls, we obtained the following indicators: reactive formations (73% in girls and 51% in boys) and projection (73% in girls and 54% in boys) (p <0.05); in boys prevails: suppression (65% in boys and 45% in girls) and intellectualization (69% in boys and 56.1% in girls) (p <0.05). We found differences in the choice of the dominant mechanism of psychological protection by swimming students. The leading mechanism in the studied contingent is substitution, and the least preferred is suppression. The study identified the manifestation of the main mechanisms of psychological protection in students who swim and analyzed certain types of protection with a description of the specific features of the system of protective mechanisms and the level of their impact depending on gender differences.

Teaching Psychological Defenses: An Interactive Computerized Program

1987 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Bibace ◽  
David Marcus ◽  
Debra Thomason ◽  
E. Anne Litt
Keyword(s):  
Defensive Behavior ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Teaching Program ◽  
Psychological Defense ◽  
Subsequent Performance ◽  
Reaction Formation ◽  
Analytic Skills ◽  
Students Satisfaction ◽  
Psychological Defenses

An interactive computerized teaching program with which students learn to analyze behaviors as examples of psychological defense is described. Students are presented with a short paragraph describing a fictional situation in which a defensive behavior is enacted. These behaviors are analyzed in terms of actor-action-object propositions. The transformations in these three terms generate psychological defenses such as projection and reaction formation. Students' satisfaction with the program and their subsequent performance in identifying defense mechanisms indicated that it was useful for developing analytic skills.

scholarly journals THE PARAMETERS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL DEFENSE OF FIRST-YEAR STUDENTS IN CORRELATION TO THEIR PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS

2016 ◽  
pp. 176-180
Author(s):  
E. A. Panasenko ◽  
I. S. Morozova
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
First Year ◽  
Jet Formation ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Psychological Defense ◽  
Expression Of Emotions ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
Natural Expression ◽  
Psychological Defenses

The article features the problem of correlation between the parameters of psychological defenses and personality characteristics of students. It was found that if the person, when resolving difficult life situations, has resorted to the use of defense mechanisms, such as repression, regression, compensation, substitution or jet formation, this leads to a decrease of flexibility of behavior and refusal to accept themselves as is, an increase of the dependence on the opinion of others, and prevents adequate perception of time. The article defines the dominant mechanisms of psychological defenses among first-year students, such as the mechanism of "projection", "denial" and "intellectualization ". It is proved that self-actualized individuals change their behavior in accordance with the situation and demonstrate a natural expression of emotions and feelings, asking others for support.

scholarly journals THE PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTENT OF RESILIENCE AND PROTECTIVE MECHANISMS IN PEOPLE WITH DIFFERENT KINDS OF INTERNET-BEHAVIOR

2021 ◽  
pp. 199-209
Author(s):  
Надежда Сергеевна Зубарева ◽  
Валерия Анатольевна Капустина
Keyword(s):  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Addictive Behavior ◽  
Minimal Risk ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Psychological Defense ◽  
The One ◽  
Passive Aggression ◽  
Psychological Defenses ◽  
Internet Addictive Behavior

Изучена специфика жизнеспособности и психологических защитных механизмов у молодежи с разными уровнями интернет-зависимости. Представлены актуальные взгляды на содержание понятий «жизнеспособность», «психологические защитные механизмы», «интернет-зависимость», а также результаты пилотажного эмпирического исследования, проведенного на выборке, состоящей из 51 студента Новосибирского государственного технического университета в возрасте от 19 лет до 21 года. В исследовании использованы методики «Шкала интернет-зависимости С. Чена (CIAS)» (адаптирована В. Л. Малыгиным, К. А. Феклисовым), тест «Жизнеспособность взрослого человека» А. В. Махнача, «Опросник структуры психологических защит» М. Бонда (адаптирован Е. Е. Туник). Обнаружено, что психологические защиты в целом больше выражены в группе с интернет-зависимым поведением, а жизнеспособность – в группе с минимальным риском интернет-зависимого поведения. В группе с интернет-зависимым поведением чаще используют неадаптивные психологические защиты (пассивная агрессия, поведенческое отреагирование, ипохондрия, фантазия) и адаптивную защиту – прогнозирование. Сделан вывод о том, что жизнеспособной молодежи, с одной стороны, свойственны применение защитных механизмов, ухудшающих их взаимодействие с другими людьми, полярное мышление как по отношению к себе, так и по отношению к другим людям. С другой – стремление к людям, использование юмора и творчества в сложных ситуациях. The article is devoted to the study of specificity of a resilience and psychological defense mechanisms in young people with different levels of Internet addiction. It presents modern views on the content of such concepts as “resilience”, “psychological defense mechanisms”, “Internet addiction”. Also, it includes the results of pilot study, which was conducted on a sample of 51 NSTU students, aged 19 to 21 years. The Chen Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS), the test “Adult Resilience” by A. V. Makhnach, a questionnaire of the structure of psychological defenses M. Bond were used in the study. It was found that psychological defenses in general are more pronounced in the group with Internet-addictive behavior, and resilience is more expressed in the group with minimal risk of Internet-addictive behavior. Internet-addictive behavior, maladaptive psychological defenses such as passive aggression, behavioral response, hypochondria, fantasy, and adaptive defense – prediction are more often used. The results let authors conclude that resilient youth is characterized, on the one hand, by the use of defenses that worsen their interaction with other people, polar thinking both in relation to themselves and in relation to other people, on the other hand, and by the striving for people and the use of humor and creativity in difficult situations.

scholarly journals PSYCHOLOGICAL DEFENSE MECHANISMS OF THE SOCIAL NETWORK USERS WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF MEANINGFULNESS OF LIFE

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 406-415
Author(s):  
P.N. Ermakov ◽  
E.E. Belousova
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Psychological Defense ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level ◽  
Psychological Defenses ◽  
Different Levels

During adolescence, at the stage of formation of personal structures, young people spend a significant part of their time on the Internet, especially in social networks. It is there that communication is realized, interest groups are formed, values are broadcast and undergo changes. Thus, the question of ways to protect against heterogeneous content on the web with the support of the individual on his own meanings becomes relevant. A study of psychological defense mechanisms was conducted in 85 boys and girls aged 18-24 years (30.6 % women, Me=22.5; 69.4 % men, Me=21.5) - users of social networks with different levels of meaningfulness of life. The Plutchik-Kellerman-Conte test questionnaire was used to diagnose the mechanisms of psychological defense, the test of life orientations by D.A. Leontiev was used as well. According to the results of the application of the Pearson χCriterion, it was found that with an increase in the level of meaningfulness of life, the arsenal of psychological defense mechanisms of the individual increases and their severity noticeably increases. Respondents with a high level of meaningfulness are dominated by Rationalization, Hypercompensation, Projection; with an average level of meaningfulness - Displacement, Regression, Compensation; with a low level of meaningfulness - Regression, Denial, Rationalization. Using the Spearman correlation analysis, it was revealed that with an increase in the meaningfulness of life, the actualization of psychological defenses "Substitution" (transfer of reaction from one object to another) and "Regression" (return to earlier behaviors) decreases, the overall intensity of defenses decreases.

scholarly journals Approaches towards studying the concept of coping behavior in Russian and foreign scientific research

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Elena Aleksandrovna Tikhonova
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Stress Factor ◽  
Psychological Defense ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Impact

The subject of this research is the phenomenon of coping behavior in Russian and foreign scientific research. The object of this research is the approaches towards studying the concept of coping behavior. The goal lies in the attempt to systematize the approaches towards studying the concept of coping behavior in Russian and foreign scientific research. Methodology is based on the scientific-analytical review on the topic of coping behavior in the works of Russian and foreign researchers. The novelty lies in detailed examination such aspect as the approaches towards studying the concept of coping behavior in scientific research. It is underlined that the problem of coping behavior has been studied in foreign psychology since the 1960s; however, in Russian literature it is a fairly new direction. The theoretical framework for foreign research is comprised of the existing representations on the nature of psychological defense mechanisms, cognitive strategies, and stresses. Special attention is given to explanation why some individuals a resilient to stress, while others face difficulties to overcome stressful states. The author&rsquo;s contribution lies in consideration of foreign experience and representations on the nature of psychological defense mechanisms, cognitive strategies, and stresses. The article analyzes coping behavior using the concepts of psychological defense, personal determinants, problem event, style of coping, pathological processes, and stress factor. The main conclusion is as follows: initially, an individual identifies a problem event as dangerous and unstable; and then, for choosing the way of coping, assesses the impact and characteristics of stress factor, and personal traits.

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