scholarly journals Pengaruh Asam Itakonat terhadap Properti Polimer Perekat Akrilik Berbasis Air

KOVALEN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-102
Author(s):  
Rony Pasonang Sihombing ◽  
Agustinus Ngatin
Keyword(s):  
Itaconic Acid ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Peel Strength ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Pressure Sensitive Adhesive ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
Holding Power ◽  
Product Characterization ◽  
Polymer Adhesive ◽  
Power Property

Acrylic-based polymer adhesive is a type of adhesive that can be used for pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA). Itaconic acid (IA) is a type of acid with 2 (two) OH groups which can form hydrogen bonds. The acrylic base can be used purely from its class. In some cases, however, the acrylic base can be used together with another base. Therefore acrylic-based adhesive with variable addition of itaconic acid was introduced in this study. In this application, the holding power property is one of the important parameters of a PSA. Therefore, holding power is the main parameter in this study. This research includes the preparation of tools and materials, mixing the main raw materials of acrylic monomer and itaconic acid with the types of surfactants and water, and product characterization. The polymerization process is carried out at a pressure of 1 atm with a temperature of 75°C - 80°C accompanied by stirring with a rotation rate of ± 500 rpm. The characterization of this research resulted in a PSA product with a holding power of 2 kg for 30 seconds to 620 minutes. While the resulting peel strength is 1.12 kgf / inc to 0.76 kgf / inc. Keywords: itaconic acid, acrylic PSA, holding power

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of a Lignin-Styrene-Butyl Acrylate Based Composite

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1080
Author(s):  
Daniel López Serna ◽  
Perla Elizondo Martínez ◽  
Miguel Ángel Reyes González ◽  
Antonio Alberto Zaldívar Cadena ◽  
Erasto Armando Zaragoza Contreras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Butyl Acrylate ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
Water Measurement

In recent years, the pursuit of new polymer materials based on renewable raw materials has been intensified with the aim of reusing waste materials in sustainable processes. The synthesis of a lignin, styrene, and butyl acrylate based composite was carried out by a mass polymerization process. A series of four composites were prepared by varying the amount of lignin in 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt.% keeping the content of butyl acrylate constant (14 wt.%). FTIR and SEM revealed that the –OH functional groups of lignin reacted with styrene, which was observed by the incorporation of lignin in the copolymer. Additionally, DSC analysis showed that the increment in lignin loading in the composite had a positive influence on thermal stability. Likewise, Shore D hardness assays exhibited an increase from 25 to 69 when 5 and 20 wt.% lignin was used respectively. In this same sense, the contact angle (water) measurement showed that the LEBA15 and LEBA20 composites presented hydrophobic properties (whit contact angle above 90°) despite having the highest amount of lignin, demonstrating that the interaction of the polymer chains with the –OH groups of lignin was the main mechanism in the composites interaction.

Hot-melt pressure-sensitive adhesive for seamless bonding of nylon fabric part I: effect of a functional monomer

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 926-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Feng Jeffrey Kuo ◽  
Jiong-Bo Chen ◽  
Pin-Hua Lin ◽  
Hui-Ting Yen
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Peel Strength ◽  
Bulk Polymerization ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Functional Monomer ◽  
Pressure Sensitive Adhesive ◽  
Pressure Sensitive ◽  
Hot Melt ◽  
Adhesive Performance

This study synthesized a series of prepolymers from butyl acrylate and functional monomer with various side-chain structures. A bulk polymerization process was then applied under ultraviolet irradiation. The molecular structure of the prepolymer was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography. The degradation temperature and glass transition temperature ( Tg) were examined. The prepolymer was employed to the acrylic hot-melt pressure-sensitive adhesives (HMPSAs) and the corresponding adhesive performance was presented. In this study, glycidyl methacrylate was considered to be an effective cross-linking agent for acrylic HMPSAs containing carboxylic acid groups. The prepolymer containing carboxylic acid synthesized acrylic HMPSAs exhibited high adhesion in peel strength and shear strength compared to the hydroxyethyl group. The adhesive performance of HMPSAs in different environments was also investigated.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Fabrication of Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane-Based Composite Materials

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3497
Author(s):  
Piotr Stachak ◽  
Izabela Łukaszewska ◽  
Edyta Hebda ◽  
Krzysztof Pielichowski
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
New Class ◽  
Hazardous Chemical ◽  
Wide Range

Polyurethanes (PUs) are a significant group of polymeric materials that, due to their outstanding mechanical, chemical, and physical properties, are used in a wide range of applications. Conventionally, PUs are obtained in polyaddition reactions between diisocyanates and polyols. Due to the toxicity of isocyanate raw materials and their synthesis method utilizing phosgene, new cleaner synthetic routes for polyurethanes without using isocyanates have attracted increasing attention in recent years. Among different attempts to replace the conventional process, polyaddition of cyclic carbonates (CCs) and polyfunctional amines seems to be the most promising way to obtain non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) or, more precisely, polyhydroxyurethanes (PHUs), while primary and secondary –OH groups are being formed alongside urethane linkages. Such an approach eliminates hazardous chemical compounds from the synthesis and leads to the fabrication of polymeric materials with unique and tunable properties. The main advantages include better chemical, mechanical, and thermal resistance, and the process itself is invulnerable to moisture, which is an essential technological feature. NIPUs can be modified via copolymerization or used as matrices to fabricate polymer composites with different additives, similar to their conventional counterparts. Hence, non-isocyanate polyurethanes are a new class of environmentally friendly polymeric materials. Many papers on the matter above have been published, including both original research and extensive reviews. However, they do not provide collected information on NIPU composites fabrication and processing. Hence, this review describes the latest progress in non-isocyanate polyurethane synthesis, modification, and finally processing. While focusing primarily on the carbonate/amine route, methods of obtaining NIPU are described, and their properties are presented. Ways of incorporating various compounds into NIPU matrices are characterized by the role of PHU materials in copolymeric materials or as an additive. Finally, diverse processing methods of non-isocyanate polyurethanes are presented, including electrospinning or 3D printing.

Synthesis of Polyurethane Dendrimers and Transfer Properties of Dye

2013 ◽  
Vol 457-458 ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Jing Ru Jia
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Orange ◽  
Phase Transfer ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Toluene Diisocyanate ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Addition Polymerization ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Transfer Properties

The polyfunctional organic compounds 2- hydroxymethyl -1,4- butanediol (trihydric alcohol) and toluene diisocyanate -2, 4- diisocyanate (TDI) were taken as the raw materials in this study. A polyurethane dendrimer was synthesized by utilizing the difference in the reaction activity of two isocyanate groups of TDI at different temperatures. The polymerization process conditions were studied. The addition polymerization of para-position NCO groups occurred at 50 °C, and that of ortho NCO groups occurred at 90 °C. According to the structure of the dendrimer synthesized, methyl orange was used as the guest molecule. Consequently, the aqueous methyl orange showed a phase transfer. With the increase of dendrimer concentration, the transfer rate of methyl orange increased.

Synthesis and Application of Itaconic Acid Water-Coke Slurry Dispersant

2017 ◽  
Vol 896 ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Yuan Yang ◽  
Zhuo Yue Meng ◽  
Zhi Hua Li ◽  
Si Tong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Itaconic Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Powder Surface ◽  
Coke Powder

Polyethylene glycol (PEG-200) and itaconic acid (IA) were used as raw materials to compound macromer through esterification reaction. A new type of specialized water-coke slurry dispersant was synthesized by copolymerization of microware, sodium methallyl sulfonate (SMAS) and maleic anhydride (MA). The experiment showed that the concentration of slurry could be reached to 63% with the dosage of 0.2%, and the apparent viscosity was 1140.3 mPa∙s. Through the analysis of the infrared, the dispersant was confirmed to have polyethylene glycol branched chain and hydrophilic functional groups such as carboxyl or sulfonic group. When the concentration of dispersant was 30 g/L, the surface tension of water could be decreased from 72.70 mN/m to 45.50 mN/m. Furthermore, when the solution pH value was 9, the Zeta potential of semi-coke powder surface could also be decreased from-13.38 mV to-25 mV with the addition of dispersant. Thus, this dispersant could increase electronegativity of semi-coke powder surface, enhance steric-hindrance effect and prevent the phenomenon of powder flocculation and gather. Meantime, it also could reinforce the semi-coke hydrophilic by reducing the surface tension of water effectively. And then, the high performance water-coke slurry could be obtained.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Acid Polyols As a Feedstock to Produce Flexible Polyurethanes and Their Effect on the Income Level of Furniture Craftsmen

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Andi Budirohmi
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Renewable Raw Material ◽  
Shoe Soles ◽  
Alternative Feedstock

Polyuretanes are widely used as elastomers, coatings, adhesivesand binders,interior and exterior cars, furniture,shoe soles, carpets, rigit and flexible foams, membrane materials as well as constuction materials .The production of polyurethanes is largely derived  from  polyols derived from petroleum . Howover, petroleum  is a non- renewable raw material . Thus it is necessary to look alternative feedstock  for the manufacture of polyol  as a polyurethane raw material. Synnthesis polyurethane by polymerization process  using  polyol volume based on polyol  oleat acid  polypropylenglycol ( PPG ) in order to know  whether fatty acid can be used  as raw materials  of polyurethane manufacture.From the result of the study. Based on Fourier Transform Infra  Red ( FTIR), showed,that the product  produced is polyol with obtained hydroxyl  group ( OH group )with hydroxylnumber is 129,81 mg KOH / g and 157,60 mg KOH / g sample of 70 

scholarly journals Biodiesel Production from Rubber Seed Oil via Esterification Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Widayat Widayat ◽  
S Suherman
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Free Fatty Acid Level ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Rubber Seed Oil ◽  
Rubber Seed ◽  
Product Characterization

One promise source of alternative energy is biodiesel from rubber seed oil, because the raw materials available in plentiful quantities and can be renewed. In addition, the rubber seed is still lack of utilization, and Indonesia is one of the largest rubbers producing country in the world. The objective of this research is to studied on biodiesel production by esterification process. Parameters used in this study are the ratio of catalyst and temperature and its influence on the characteristics of the resulting biodiesel product. Characterization of rubber seed include acid content number analysis, saponification numbers, density, viscosity, iodine number, type of free fatty acids and triglyceride oils. The results of analysis showed that rubber seed oil content obtained is 50.5%. The results of the GCMS analysis showed that a free fatty acid level in rubber seed is very high. Conversion into bio-diesel oil is obtained by at most 59.91% and lowest 48.24%.

scholarly journals Influence of biobased polyol type on the properties of polyurethane hotmelt adhesives for footwear joints

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Carbonell-Blasco ◽  
M. A. Pérez-Limiñana ◽  
C. Ruzafa-Silvestre ◽  
F. Arán-Ais ◽  
E. Orgilés-Calpena
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Peel Test ◽  
Softening Temperature ◽  
Peel Strength ◽  
Adhesion Test ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Final Performance ◽  
Footwear Industry ◽  
Polyurethane Adhesives ◽  
Useful Life

AbstractPolyurethanes, one of the most used polymers worldwide, are strongly dependent of non-renewable fossil resources. Thus, boosting the production of new polyurethanes based on more sustainable raw materials is crucial to move towards the footwear industry decarbonisation. The aim of this study is to synthesise and characterise reactive hotmelt polyurethanes from biomass and CO2-based polyols as bioadhesives for the footwear industry. The influence of biobased polyols on the polyurethane structure, and therefore, on their final properties was analysed by different experimental techniques such us Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Melting viscosity, Softening temperature and T-peel strength test, in order to assess their viability for the upper to sole bonding process. The results obtained indicated that the incorporation of different amounts of the biobased polyols produces changes in the structure and final performance of the polyurethanes. Therefore, adhesion test carried out by the T-peel test 72 h after the upper -to- sole bonding of the sustainable adhesives show high final adhesion values. These sustainable raw materials provide polyurethane adhesives with additional beneficial non-toxicity and sustainable characteristics, without harming their properties during their useful life.

scholarly journals Radiological and physico-chemical characterization of red mud as an Al-containing precursor in inorganic binders for the building industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-191
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Kljajevic ◽  
Miljana Mirkovic ◽  
Sabina Dolenec ◽  
Katarina Ster ◽  
Mustafa Hadzalic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Alkali Activation ◽  
Silica Alumina ◽  
Alkali Activated

The potential re-use of red mud in the building and construction industry has been the subject of research of many scientists. The presented research is a contribution to the potential solution of this environmental issue through the synthesis of potential construction materials based on red mud. A promising way of recycling these secondary raw materials is the synthesis of alkali-activated binders or alkali activated materials. Alkali-activated materials or inorganic binders based on red mud are a new class of materials obtained by activation of inorganic precursors mainly constituted by silica, alumina and low content of calcium oxide. Since red mud contains radioactive elements like 226Ra and 232Th, this may be a problem for its further utilization. The content of naturally occurring radionuclides in manufactured material products with potential application in the building and construction industry is important from the standpoint of radiation protection. Gamma radiation of the primordial radionuclides, 40K and members of the uranium and thorium series, increases the external gamma dose rate. However, more and more precedence is being given to limiting the radiological dose originating from building materials on the population these days. The aim of this research was to investigate the possible influence of alkali activation-polymerization processes on the natural radioactivity of alkali activated materials synthesized by red mud (BOKSIT a. d. Milici, Zvornik, Bosnia and Herzegovina) and their structural properties. This research confirmed that during the polymerization process the natural radioactivity was reduced, and that the process of alkali activation of raw materials has an influence on natural radioactivity of synthesized materials.

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