scholarly journals Degree of mycotoxicological contamination of feed and complete feed mixtures for pigs and poultry during the period 2007-2012. on the territory of the republic of serbia

2013 ◽  
pp. 153-169
Author(s):  
Stamen Radulovic ◽  
Radmila Markovic ◽  
Dragan Milic ◽  
Dobrila Jakic-Dimic ◽  
Dragan Sefer
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Swine Production ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Official Gazette ◽  
The Republic

The most common producers of mycotoxins are fungi of the genera Aspergillus, Fusarium and Penicillium. Toxins are of extreme importance because it can be transmitted from animals to humans through milk and animal products, some of which are carcinogenic and teratogenic. Mycotoxins cause a health disturbance of all animals, but the effects are more noticeable in highly productive animals in the farm way of keeping considering the much greater consumption of concentrate feeds, although forages also can be contaminated with mycotoxins in a significant manner. Mycotoxicoses are the most com?mon seasonal illnesses, and are an important diagnostic problem in veterinary practice, because its characteristics often resemble diseases caused by pathogens or nutritional deficiency or imbalance. The degree of health disturbances depends on the amount of toxins in feed and the length of intaking as on types and categories of animals. The presence of mycotoxins in animal feed is inevitable and therefore testing of raw materials and products is necessary so that feed for humans and animals can be safe for use. Damages arising as consequences of mycotoxicosis in poultry and swine production, due to the direct loss because of animals lossor, more commonly, indirectly due to the fall productive and reproductive performances of animals, imposed the need for continuous monitoring of the hygienic quality of feed mixtures for feeding these animals. During a five year period (2007-2012) were analyzed a total of 104 samples from the territory of Republic of Serbia intended for nutrition of all categories of poultry and mixtures for the initial and final fattening broilers (50 samples) and laying hens (54). The analysis included 57 samples of feed mixtures intended for all categories of swine - feed mixture for young (20 samples) and the old categories (37 samples) and 196 of the samples, which are commonly used in formulating rations for listed species (maize, soybean and sunflower meal). For the analysis of the samples was used thin layer chromatography and Elisa test. The results were compared with current Regulations on the quality of the feed (Official Gazette of RS 41/09) in force since 1.05.2010. in the part where the maximum allowable quantities of hazardous substances (Article 99) gives the value of the maximum permitted levels of mycotoxins in animal feed. The number and types of mycotoxins vary depending on the feed, as well as on the year which can be directly related to climatic factors, and the average annual humidity. The fact that in the samples was not detected the presence of aflatoxin indicate that in our conditions toxin producing fungi do not find fertile ground for the production of toxins, as well as the absence of certain nutrients in the production of complete feed mixtures for pigs and poultry, which are the traditional sources of aflatoxin (peanut oil meals). The results are encouraging given the fact a relatively small number of defective mixtures and nutrients. However, the fact that only a limited number of feed sam?ples we received for the analysis suggests further caution and constant monitoring of the presence of mycotoxins in animal feed.

scholarly journals Chemical composition of complete fodder mixes for pig diet during 2007-2009

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 311-323
Author(s):  
Dragan Sefer ◽  
Branislav Petrujkic ◽  
Radmila Markovic ◽  
Svetlana Grdovic ◽  
Stamen Radulovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Official Gazette ◽  
Growing Pig ◽  
Accredited Laboratory ◽  
The Republic

Intensive pig breeding implies, among other things, the use of complete mixes in their diet in correspondence with the animals? age and purpose. In the course of a threeyear period (2007-2009) the accredited laboratory of the Department for Nutrition and Botanics of the Faculty for Veterinary Medicine, Univerisity of Belgrade, analysed 65 fodder mix samples from the territory of Serbia intended for the diet of all categories of pigs, namely: 6 samples of complete mixes for the diet of pregnant sows and gilts, 9 samples of complete mixes for the diet of nursing sows and boar, 4 samples of complete mixes for enhanced diet of piglets, 13 samples of complete mixes for piglets in programme I up to 15 kg, 12 samples of complete mixes for piglets in programme II from 15-25 kg, 10 samples of complete mixes for growing pigs in fattening programme I from 25-60 kg, and 11 samples of complete mixes for pigs in fattening programme II from 60-100 kg. The analyses covered the contents of the elementary nutritive matter and the obtained results were compared with the quality conditions prescribed under the Regulations on the quality of animal feed (Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia No. 41/09). It was established that there were certain deviations with regard to the values presented in the Regulations on the quality of animal feed (Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia No. 41/09) in the average protein content in complete mixes for piglet diet II, 15-25 kg (17.89?1.19%) and in the mixes for growing pig diet II, 60-100 kg (13.95?0.53%). The established average fat content was lower in the mixes for enhanced piglet diet (5.99? 0.72%) and in mixes for piglet diet I, up to 15 kg (4.95?1.41%). A higher average cellulose content (4.08?0.73%) was established in mixes for enhanced piglet diet. Furthermore, significant differences from the values prescribed under the Regulations were established in certain samples. The established differences in the chemical composition of certain samples of the examined mixes without a doubt indicate the need for constant and multilevel monitoring of raw materials and finished products in order to preserve health and to ensure the best possible utilization of the production potential of animals.

scholarly journals Nutritive value of fodder mixes for nutrition of cattle in territory of Republic of Serbia

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Dragan Sefer ◽  
Radmila Markovic ◽  
Marcela Speranda ◽  
Branko Petrujkic
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Official Gazette ◽  
Intensive Breeding ◽  
Satisfactory Quality

Over a period of five years (2005-2009), the laboratory of the Department for Nutrition and Botanic analyzed 22 samples of mixes from the territory of Serbia, intended for the diet of two categories of cattle (fattening calves I and dairy cows with over 20 liters of milk). The analysis was performed using standard methods, and the obtained results were compared with the quality conditions prescribed under the Regulations on quality and other requirements for animal feed (SRY Official Gazette numbers 20/00 and 38/01). Intensive breeding of cattle implies the use of concentrated mixes for all categories which are adapted to the age and purpose of maintenance of the animals. The mixes are products of the animal food industry, and they are obtained through an established technological procedure using the required raw materials. The inadequate quality of raw materials causes problems involving the quality of the finished products, so that strict adherence to the established recipes does not necessary result in a satisfactory quality of the mixes. All of the above imposes the need for the constant monitoring of the nutritive value of the mixes, and consequently also of their quality. On the grounds of the analysis of the presence of the elementary nutritive matter, no significant differences were established with regard to the prescribed quantity of nutritive matter, so that the use of the examined mixes in the diets of the respective categories of cattle can be expected to yield satisfactory production results. .

Comparation of the qualitative parameters of traditional feedstuff vs alternative feedstuff

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
Keti Gjesovska ◽  
Ljupka Necinova ◽  
Gjore Nakov
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Animal Nutrition ◽  
Swine Production ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
Made In

Animal feed is a product of vegetable, animal or mineral origin, obtained naturally or in industrial process,as feed mixtures, concentrates and raw materials for the production of animal feed, which serve as food for animals, which are not harmful to their health.The animal feed can be processed,partly processed or unprocessed for animal nutrition. Historically, feed costs have represented 65 -75 percent of the variable costs of swine production, but for many producers this figure is higher now. As a result, feed costs play a major role in determining the profitability of a swine enterprise. Feed costs are, and will continue to be, an ever increasing factor in determining the profitability of a swine enterprise. Adopting ingredient alternatives seems like a logical step for pork producers. The aim of this study is to compare the qualitative parameters of feed stuffs from different groups,traditional and alternative,point to their advantages and their disadvantages by their usage during the process of animal breeding and livestock production,and all that in order to prove that the traditional feedstuffs can be replaced with alternative,which will cost effectively and provide variety of benefits to the swine ratio including energy,protein and fiber. The samples which were analysed were samples of corn and barley.The analyses were made in the labotory of the Agro Idustrial Association – AGRIA.Parameters which refer to the quality of the feedstuff and which were analysed were :moisture, ash insoluble in hydrochloric acid, raw proteins, raw fiber, acidity degree and the amount of substances that they shouldn?t contain or should contain only in certain quantities (forbidden substances).The obtained results were compared to the standard parameters in order to compare the quality of the analysed feedstuffs. The obtained values from the the tested samples are: moisture 10.4% and 10.58% for corn and barley respectively, proteins 8.06% and 11.27%; ash 1, 16% and 2.57%, fiber 2.61% and 3.84.

scholarly journals New Technology of Cotton Sowing

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-303
Author(s):  
Kamaridin Urinovich Komilov, Aypara Djoldasova Kurbanova, Gafurjan Israilovich Muhamedov
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Crust Formation ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Technical Feasibility ◽  
Technological Quality ◽  
The Republic

The possibility of using bulk waste of the chemical industry - phosphogypsum as a useful resource is considered. The results of scientific research and practical experience convincingly proved the technical feasibility and feasibility of using phosphogypsum in the national economy instead of traditional types of natural raw materials. A brief description of phosphogypsum, promising areas for its processing, and some statistics are presented. The article is about the use of chemical ameliorant based on phosphogypsum for effective feedingin various soil and climatic zones for cereals, vegetables, industrial and other crops, to increase the yield of cotton and the technological quality of its fiber. That the use of phosphogypsum as a chemical ameliorant improves the chemical, physical and water-physical properties of saline soils. The article describes a new technology of cotton sowing in the conditions of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The technology of soil treatment and methods of measuring for preventing crust formation are analyzed. The used mechanisms, units and are justified.

Development of new technologies for sorting of fibrous cotton stalks by the combined method “ADAU” and production of sowing material

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (09) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Şahlar Mahmud oğlu Babayev ◽  
◽  
Camaləddin Ələkbər oğlu Məmmədov ◽  
Səfiyyə İbrahim qızı Məhərrəmova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Cotton Stalks ◽  
Cotton Yarns ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Selection Of

The article is devoted to the development of technologies for the production of quality sowing material, which is the main problem of cotton growing, which has a greater share in the agricultural sector, which is the basis of the economy of the republic. For this purpose, a new technology for the production of sowing material was developed as a result of the selection of biologically mature yarns during the combined sorting of fibrous cotton yarns, as well as processing of these yarns by the proposed method, and two positive decisions were made by the Intellectual Property Agency. In addition to the mentioned advantages of the proposed technology, the use of low-percentage starch solution, as well as absorbents with high absorption capacity (zeolite or bentonite) in the country to improve the quality of sowing material in the production of sowing material as a result of processing raw materials. indicates that it has indicators. Key words: fiber, cotton, yarn, combined, sorting, sowing material, production, technology

scholarly journals PERENCANAAN PERBAIKAN MUTU PRODUK DENGAN METODE KAIZEN PADA PERUSAHAAN

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdurrozzaq Hasibuan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Output Stage ◽  
Control Limits

Kaizen is a Japanese concept that means improvement continuous process to constantly improve the quality and productivity output. Stage of the data processing is done in this study using seven quality control tools (seven tools). From the results of the data processing is done by using the seven tools of quality control so visible damage that occurs feed the ash High temperatures, low water levels and the color is not uniform feed. Histogram and Pareto diagram showing the greatest amount of damage to small, the color is not uniform feed as many as 6800 Kg (41.34%), high ash content as much as 5050 Kg (30.70%) and low water levels as much as 4600 Kg (27.96%).Based on a causal diagram can be seen several causes defects in animal feed products C-281 human factors, among others, due to lack of skill or abilities of the workers themselves, less rigorous labor in performing measurements so the size does not match the required specifications. And factors that usually raw materials can cause defects in animal feed products C-281 is due to the quality of the raw materials are not in accordance with the standards set by the previous company. From the calculation of the map control is obtained that no data which are beyond the control chart or no data outside the control limits.

scholarly journals The analysis of the dynamics of detection animal’s invasive diseases during veterinary expertise

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (93) ◽  
pp. 149-154
Author(s):  
M. S. Khimich ◽  
O. T. Piven ◽  
O. M. Gorobey ◽  
V. Z. Salata ◽  
D. V. Freiuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Current System ◽  
Government Control ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Consumer Safety ◽  
Invasive Diseases ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Industrial Markets ◽  
Pig Carcasses

The main direction of state policy regarding the guaranty safety and quality of animal products is the creation of conditions that are safe for human health during the production and sale of food raw materials. According to current legislation of Ukraine responsibility for the safety of food products placed on the manufacturer but government control plays an important role. This is especially true today, when almost 69.5% of meat is produced in private home farms. It is mainly sold in the agro-industrial markets. The State Service of Ukraine for Food Safety should perform the conditions of modern European regulation and base its activities on the basis of risk assessment. One of the risks are parasitosis, as their negative effect affects the health of millions of people in the world. In this cjnnection the purpose of the study was to analyze the dynamics of the identification of invasive diseases at the stages of slaughter of animals and the sale of slaughter products. Research material was reporting on veterinary medicine (Form № 5-vet and Form № 6-vet) of a number of districts of Odessa region for 2014‒2017. It was founded that 75943 animals were slaughtered in 2014‒2017: 91.18% pigs, 8.14% cattle and 0.68% sheep. The analysis of the dynamics of slaughter, depending on its location, showed that from 41.85% to 99.81% of animals were slaughtered at courtyard. According to the results of veterinary-sanitary control and supervision during the slaughter for the studied years there were no cases of diseases. It was founded that 22617 animal’s carcasses came to the agrofood markets of the regions for the years 2014‒2017, among which 89.56% were pig carcasses, 10,11% cattle carcasses and only 0.33% sheep. According to results of veterinary-sanitary examination in the conditions of SLVSE in the markets, specialists established 351 cases of diseases. In the study of pig carcasses 246 cases of diseases were detected: among them of non-communicable (45.93%) and invasive (54.07%) etiology (echinococcosis). Luring the expertise of cattle carcases was founded 96 cases of diseases: – dicroceliosis (98.96%) and exinococcosis (1.04%); during the expertise of sheep’s carcases – 9 cases of diseases – dicroceliosis (66.67%) and exinococcosis (33.33%). Considering that during the reporting period, according to the results of veterinary-sanitary control and supervision during the slaughter of animals, no cases of diseases were detected, but at the same time the number of cases of detection of invasive diseases during veterinary-sanitary examination in SLVSE on markets constantly increases risk management at the stage of slaughter can be considered not sufficiently effective. Also, the results of our research indicate that the current system for managing the safety of slaughter products is still based primarily on the study of the final product. It does not take into account all possible risks at the previous stages of production. This system can’t fully guarantee to consumer safety of products.

scholarly journals Bioteknologi Fermentasi Jerami Padi Tinggi Nutrisi, Guna Meningkatkan Kemandirian dan Kesejahteraan Peternak di Desa Kalibendo

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Roni Yulianto ◽  
Nurwidodo Nurwidodo ◽  
Desy Cahya Widianingrum ◽  
Himmatul Khasanah
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Feed Processing ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Fermented Feed ◽  
Village Government

Abstrak: Kabupaten Lumajang memiliki lahan pertanian dan perkebunan dengan komoditi utamanya adalah tanaman padi, jagung dan kopi. Banyak sekali limbah yang belum termanfaatkan, berawal dari program KKN, potensi daerah di Desa Kalibendo, Kecamatan Pasirian, Kabupaten Lumajang sangat potensial untuk dikembangkan salah satunya “Bioteknologi fermentasi jerami padi tinggi nutrisi, guna meningkatkan kemandirian dan kesejahteraan peternak di Desa Kalibendo, Kecamatan Pasiria, Kabupaten Lumajang”. Pendampingan dari instansi terkait edukasi dalam bioteknologi pengolahan pakan berkualitas secara mandiri dari bahan baku lokal yang ada dari limbah pertanian setempat dapat memenuhi ketersediaan pakan ternak baik dari segi kualitas maupun kuantitas. Pemanfaatan Limbah jerami padi menggunakan bioteknologi fermentasi untuk pakan ternak ruminansia (sapi, kambing/domba) perlu terus dikembangkan, karena dengan fermentasi dapat meningkatkan kualitas nutrisi pakan ternak, dan memanfatkan limbah hasil pertanian menjadi berdaya guna sehingga tidak terbuang begitu saja, dan bisa digunakan dalam jangka waktu yang lama untuk ketersediaan pakan ternak pada saat musim kemarau atau disaat hijauan sudah mulai berkurang. Target dari Program Pengabdian Desa Binaan yaitu bersama dengan pemerintah Desa Kalibendo melakukan pemberdayaan petani-peternak dalam pengolahan pakan ternak fermentasi, sehingga dapat mewujudkan kemandirian dan kesejahteraan peternak.Abstract: Lumajang Regency has extensive agricultural and plantation land, especially rice, corn, and coffee crops, a lot of waste that has not been utilized. Starting from the KKN program, regional potential in Kalibendo Village, Pasirian District, Lumajang Regency is very potential to be developed, one of which is Biotechnology for fermented rice straw with high nutrition, to increase the independence and welfare of breeders in Kalibendo village, Pasiria district, Lumajang Regency. Assistance from educational institutions related to quality feed processing biotechnology independently from existing local raw materials from local agricultural waste can meet animal feed availability in terms of quality and quantity. Utilization of rice straw waste uses biotechnology for ruminant animal feed (cows, goats/sheep), it needs to be continuously developed because fermentation can improve the nutritional quality of animal feed, and utilize agricultural waste to be efficient so that it is not wasted, and can be used in a long period for the availability of fodder during the dry season when the forage has diminished. The Assisted Village Service Program's target is to collaborate with the Kalibendo Village government to empower farmers in the processing of fermented feed so that they can realize the independence and welfare of the breeders.

scholarly journals The Potential Role of Insects as Feed: A Multi-Perspective Review

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Sogari ◽  
Mario Amato ◽  
Ilaria Biasato ◽  
Silvana Chiesa ◽  
Laura Gasco
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
House Fly ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Farming Industry ◽  
Common House

Recently, insects have received increased attention as an important source of sustainable raw materials for animal feed, especially in fish, poultry, and swine. In particular, the most promising species are represented by the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens, HI), the yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor, TM), and the common house fly (Musca domestica, MD). Although rapid development is expected, insects remain underutilized in the animal feed industry mainly due to technical, financial, and regulatory barriers. In addition, few works have analyzed consumer and stakeholder points of view towards the use of insects as animal feed. In this article, we summarize the main findings of this body of research and provide a discussion of consumer studies regarding the consumption of animals fed with insects. Our review suggests that consumer acceptance will not be a barrier towards the development of this novel protein industry. Furthermore, we conclude that it will be of interest to understand whether the use of this more sustainable feed source might increase consumer willingness to pay for animal products fed with insects and whether the overall acceptability, from a sensory point of view, will be perceived better than conventional products. Finally, the main challenges of the feed farming industry are addressed.

scholarly journals WASTE TO PRODUCT: BISOLUM-BRICKS, INCORPORATION OF WWTP SLUDGE OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY INTO BRICKS FOR WALL PAIRS

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Armas Arifin Arbunowo ◽  
P. Purwanto Purwanto ◽  
M. Arief Budihardjo
Keyword(s):  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Acute Toxicity Test ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Industry Wastewater

The disposal of WWTP sludge is one of problems in textiles industry, which requires serious attention to find a way out. Utilization of sludge from the textile industry wastewater treatment, according to the Republic of Indonesia Goverment Regulation No.110 year 2014, can be used as a mixture of brick raw materials, must consider the availability of technology, meet environmental quality standards and meet technical requirements for use.Environmental feasibility refers to Goverment Regulation No.110 year 2014, carried out with TCLP toxicity tests on raw materials for soil, WWTP  sludge and brick products. Acute toxicity test LD 50, carried out on brick products in which  using a mixture of WWTP Sludge. Technical feasibility is carried out by testing the quality of brick products in accordance with solid brick Nasional Indonesian Standard (SNI) for wall pairs.Research results prove the toxicity test on raw materials and brick products with a mixture of up to 60% of waste, still meets the requirements of TCLP and LD.50 according to GR No.110 year 2014. Test the quality of bricks at the use of 40% and 60% mixture of sludge still meet Nasional Indonesian Standard (SNI 15-2094-2000) solid red brick for wall pairs.

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