Influence of Natural Food Items on Growth and Egg Production in Brackish Water Populations of Lymnea Peregra and Theodoxus fluviatilis (Mollusca)

Oikos ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnel Skoog
Keyword(s):  
Brackish Water ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Theodoxus Fluviatilis

scholarly journals Outbreak of S. Weltevreden linked to fermented cashew nut cheese in Victoria, BC

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Schmitt ◽  
Gloria Yu ◽  
Richard Greve ◽  
Lorraine McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Temperature Control ◽  
Starter Culture ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Risk Practices ◽  
Food Processes ◽  
Single Batch

Twenty-three Salmonella enterica serovar Weltevreden (S. Weltevreden) illnesses occurred in a Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, restaurant following consumption of fermented vegan cheese. Three clusters of illness over 2 days were traced to a single batch of fermented cashew cheese spread. S. Weltevreden was detected in 11 clinical samples and in the cashew cheese spread. An inspection of the restaurant and review of the food processes revealed high-risk practices, such as use of rejuvelac as a starter culture for fermentation and poor temperature control. Three of five vegan and natural food restaurants in the Victoria area were using similar methods, indicating this type of product was common. Procedures to safely ferment vegan cheese spreads are presented. We also discuss higher-risk food items and practises noted in this event that inspectors should be aware of during inspections.

scholarly journals Comparison of Body Composition and Fatty Acid Profiles between Wild and Cultured Rio Grande Silvery Minnows

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 487-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madison S. Powell ◽  
Ronald W. Hardy ◽  
Alison M. Hutson ◽  
Louie A. Toya ◽  
Douglas Tave
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Wild Fish ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Supplementary Feed

Abstract Federally endangered Rio Grande Silvery Minnows (RGSM; Hybognathus amarus) were raised in one of three culture regimes: intensively, with only a hatchery diet; semi-intensively with access to natural food and hatchery diet supplementation; and with only natural food available at the Los Lunas Silvery Minnow Refugium (Los Lunas, New Mexico), a naturalized conservation refugium designed to mimic the natural environment of the RGSM in the Rio Grande. The project compared each culture regime and assessed differences and similarities in lipid and fatty acid content between feeding an artificial diet and consumption of natural food items in this species. After 117 d, whole-body lipid levels and fatty acid profiles were measured in each group and compared with values for wild RGSM. Fish fed the hatchery diet exclusively or as supplementary feed had significantly higher percent lipid (15.5% ± 0.5% and 10.6% ± 0.1%, respectively) than fish raised without access to the diet. Both groups had significantly higher percent lipid than fish raised in the refugium or wild fish (8.3% ± 0.1% and 7.8% ± 0.2%, respectively). Condition factor differed among groups and was highest in fish fed the hatchery diet (1.00) followed by fish supplemented with the hatchery diet (0.93), refugium fish (0.91), and wild fish (0.90). In this respect, refugium fish appeared more similar to wild fish than fish fed the hatchery diet or offered the diet as a supplement. Comparison of fatty acid profiles among groups showed marked differences among wild fish, refugium fish, and those fed the hatchery diet, either exclusively or as supplementary feed. Total omega-3 fatty acids, expressed as percentage of total fatty acids, were highest in wild fish but similar among other groups. Total omega-6 fatty acids showed an opposite trend, with five to nine times higher percentages of linoleic acid observed among fish from the three culture regimes compared with wild fish. Significant differences in lipid content and fatty acid composition between wild RGSM and cultured silvery minnows reflected their respective diets and culture regimes. Given similarities in fat content and condition factor with wild RGSM, we conclude that fish in the refugium do not require supplemental feeding with an artificial diet for this type of naturalized conservation management. Results from this study show that RGSM readily forage on natural food items present and also artificial feed when available, indicating dietary plasticity, which is advantageous for fish culture and future recovery.

scholarly journals Dominant Water Quality Variables Affecting Plankton Abundance in Traditional Brackish Water Ponds of Tiger Shrimp (penaeus monodon fabr.) in Pasuruan Regency, East Java Province

Omni-Akuatika ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erfan Andi Hendrajat ◽  
Andi Sahrijanna
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Penaeus Monodon ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Aquatic Area ◽  
Pond Aquaculture ◽  
Tiger Shrimp ◽  
Water Quality Variables ◽  
Water Pond ◽  
Brackish Water Pond

ABSTRACTIn applying traditional brackish water pond aquaculture of tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon), plankton is one of water micro organisms that plays an important role as natural food and stability indicator of water or aquatic environment in which life and growth of aquatic organisms depend on water quality variables, both physical and chemical properties. This research objective was to find out the effects of dominant water variables on plankton abundance in brackish-water pond. The research was conducted in traditional brackish water ponds of tiger shrimp in Pasuruan Regency, East Java Province. The research was conducted through direct measurements in the field and also collection of plankton and water samples. Those were then analyzed in the laboratory. Better change to analysis used in this study was regression model analysis was based on the smallest square method. Dependent variables was plankton abundance and independent variables were the water quality variables such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity, pH, total suspended solid (TSS), nitrite, nitrate, ammonia, phosphate, iron (Fe), and total organic matter (TOM). The result showed that range of plankton abundance was 20.0-6,360 individuals/L with average 401.3 individuals/L. There was a significant relationship between plankton abundance and TSS which negatively affected plankton abundance as much as 0.52 or 52%. Based on index values of average dominance, variety, and uniformity, the brackish water pond water or aquatic area in this study was categorized as moderately stable, where plankton genera were well distributed and there was no genus dominating other genus.

scholarly journals Food and Feeding Habits of Black Spot Cat Fish (Auchenoglanis biscutatus) from Lower River Benue, Makurdi

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Edem, Edem Thomas ◽  
Patience B. Opeh
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Stomach Content Analysis ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Food And Feeding

The present study is aimed to provide information on the food and feeding habit of adult Auchenoglanis biscutatus in Lower River Benue. The natural food of A. biscutatus in the Lower River Benue was studied from stomach contents of the fish. The stomach contents were analyzed using two methods; the frequency of occurrence and point methods. A total of 100 stomachs were randomly examined. Eleven major items constituted the diet of A. biscutatus. The stomach content analysis of A. biscutatus have shown that they fed on the various food items ranging from plant parts, detritus, seeds, digested food particles, fish parts, mollusc, sand/mud, insect parts and algae. This indicates that A. biscutatus is an omnivorous bottom feeder since; bottom dwelling immature insects dominated most of the food items of animal origin, digested food and detritus. A. biscutatus in Lower Benue River feeds on a wide range of food items which could make it to be regarded as an omnivore. Future attempts to culture this species must take cognizance of its food habits in the wild.

scholarly journals Fecundity and food habits of the slender stonebasher (Hippopotamyrus ansorgii Boulenger, 1905) (Mormyridae) in Ogbese river

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-166
Author(s):  
D. O. Odedeyi ◽  
I. M. Odedire
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
The Body ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Ranking Index ◽  
Gill Netting

Fecundity study is important in order to evaluate the reproductive potentials of fish species. Thus, fecundity and food habits of Hippopotamyrus ansorgii (H. ansorgii) from Ogbese river were investigated. Total of 32 specimens of H. ansorgii were used. The major fishing method employed for collecting the specimens were cast and gill netting. Fecundity and food habits the fish were studied. The total lengths ranged from 14.6 cm to 22.1cm while the body weights ranged from 30.0 to 91.0 g. The food items found in the examined stomachs were rotifer, algae, insects, crustacean, detritus and plant parts but the major food items based on the ranking index were insects and crustaceans. The sex ratio of H. ansorgii was 1.13: 1 for males: females. The gonadosomatic index showed that H. ansorgii in Ogbese river uses an average of 11.69% of its body weight in egg production. Fecundity ranged from 600 to 7200 eggs with an average of 3231 eggs per female. In conclusion, H. ansorgii in Ogbese river was an omnivore and highly fecund fish.

scholarly journals The Diet of Foxes and the Availability of Anthropogenic Food on Prince Edward Island, Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. p16
Author(s):  
Marina Silva-Opps ◽  
Whitney Kelly-Clark ◽  
Sheldon Opps
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
National Park ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Minor Component ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Anthropogenic Food Sources ◽  
Anthropogenic Food

It has been postulated that red foxes (Vulpesvulpes) inhabiting Prince Edward Island National Park (Canada) make very little use of natural food sources and that anthropogenic food play an integral part in their diet. The use of anthropogenic food sources has also been associated with an increased number of fatal fox vehicle-collisions in the park. The main goal of this study was to examine the composition of the diet of foxes inhabiting Prince Edward Island National Park and to compare this diet with foxes found in other areas of the island. In particular, we examined the importance of anthropogenic food items in foxes inhabiting the national park. We analyzed 38 stomachs from foxes killed by trappers or vehiclesduring late fall and early winter within and outside the national park. Our results showed that rodents and vegetation were the most common food items present in fox stomachs whether the animals were obtained from within or outside the park. Values of coefficient of variation of food items found in fox stomachs indicated a great diversity in diet composition. However, only six stomachs contained anthropogenic food items. Stomachs of foxes killed by vehicles contained twice the amount of anthropogenic food items than those that were collected from trappers. Overall, our findings indicate that anthropogenic food items are only a minor component in the diet of foxes occurring within the park, at least during the period of time examined in this study. Future studies should examine diet composition during other seasons when the quantity and quality of anthropogenic food sources is different. 

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF INTEGRATED MULTI TROPIC AQUACULTURE CONCEPT IN AN ABRADED BRACKISH WATER POND

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (4-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Rejeki ◽  
Restiana Wisnu Ariyati ◽  
Lestari Lakhsmi Widowati
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Green Mussel ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Water Pond ◽  
Brackish Water Pond ◽  
Aquaculture Production

Currently, abrasion at the northern coastline of Central Java, Indonesia, is severe. One of the biggest abrasion area is in Kaliwlingi village (Brebes District), where 800 ha of brackish water ponds were submerged. Abrasion could wipe away or damage dykes on brackish water pond and the pond can no longer be used for aquaculture production. A 5 000 m2 of netting broken dyke of brackish water pond is used for semi–intensive cultivation of milkfish, tilapia, vanamae shrimp, green mussel and Gracilaria seaweed as an application of Integrated Multi Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) concept. The aim of this study was to determine the aquaculture production in abraded dyke on brackish water pond by measuring the growth of milk fish, tilapia, vaname shrimp, green mussel and Gracilaria based on IMTA concept. The study was carried out from May to July 2015 at Kaliwlingi Village, Brebes district. The results showed Specific Growth Rate (SGR), i.e. milk fish 2.35 % d–1; tilapia 3.8 %·d–1 vanamae shrimp 3.75 % d–1; green mussel 2.8 % d–1 and Gracilaria 4.6 % d–1. Based on the result, the water quality is good and the availability of the natural food can support the growth of milkfish, tilapia, vanamae shrimp, green muscle and seaweed at broken dyke ponds with IMTA concept.  

Exploitative competition between desert kit foxes and coyotes in the Mojave Desert

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Erica C. Kelly ◽  
Brian L. Cypher ◽  
David J. Germano
Keyword(s):  
Mojave Desert ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Exploitative Competition ◽  
Ecological Community ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Heteromyid Rodents ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

Exploitative competition between two sympatric guild members can influence the composition and dynamics of an ecological community. We assessed potential exploitative competition between desert kit foxes (Vulpes macrotis arsipus) and coyotes (Canis latrans) by comparing food habits of the two species from 2009 to 2014 on a study site in the Mojave Desert in California. Desert kit foxes specialised on heteromyid rodents and invertebrates, while the most frequently occurring items consumed by coyotes were lagomorphs and rodents. Both species consumed a variety of food items throughout the study, but relative use of these items varied with year and season. Also, precipitation affected prey abundance, and this influenced prey consumption by the two species. The diets of desert kit foxes and coyotes overlapped extensively, which indicated possible exploitative competition. Desert kit foxes consistently had lower dietary diversity than coyotes, indicating that desert kit foxes are more specialist consumers while coyotes are more generalists. Dietary specialisation by kit foxes on smaller items may help reduce competition with coyotes and facilitate coexistence. Coyotes consumed anthropogenic material at much higher frequencies than desert kit foxes, and this subsidisation could increase competitive pressures on kit foxes if it results in greater coyote abundance. Desert kit foxes in California are not a protected species although formal protection has been proposed due to increasing human encroachment. Conservation strategies should include measures to maintain an abundance and diversity of natural food items and limit anthropogenic subsidisation of coyotes.

Egg Production and Viability in Centropages Typicus: A Laboratory Study on the Effect of Food Concentration

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Guerrero ◽  
Suzanne Nival ◽  
Paul Nival
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Food Concentration ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Algal Culture ◽  
Effect Of Food ◽  
Food Conditions ◽  
Egg Production Rate ◽  
Food Media ◽  
Centropages Typicus

The effect of food concentration on the reproductive success of the copepod Centropages typicus (Copepoda: Calanoida) was studied in the laboratory. Three different regimes of food were tested: absence of food, natural food conditions and a food media enriched with an algal culture. The results showed significant differences in egg production rate between regimes of food, but no significant differences in egg viability. A rapid response (24 h) in egg production rate to increment in the quantity of food was noted. Hatching success was not affected by food conditions prevailing during the incubations.

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