scholarly journals Senatorial Revision of I. N. Tolstoy of Yakutsk Region in 1844

2020 ◽  
pp. 271-290
Author(s):  
A. I. Arkhipova ◽  
P. P. Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Office Work ◽  
Regional Administration ◽  
City Hall ◽  
Russian State ◽  
National Archives ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Audit Activity ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
First Time

For the first time in historiography, an attempt is made to illuminate the activities of Senator I.N. Tolstoy in conducting an audit of the regional management system of the Yakutsk region. Particular attention is paid to the audit of office work of the Yakutsk regional administration and the Yakutsk city hall. The novelty of the study is in the fact that, based on an analysis of archival sources first introduced into scientific circulation, the specifics of the functioning of the regional administration in the second quarter of the 19th century is revealed, and the results of the audit are considered as prerequisites for expanding the rights of administrative independence of the Yakutsk region from the Irkutsk province. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that this was the only senatorial revision for all years in the territory of the vast and geographically remote Yakutsk region, which has not undergone extensive scientific study. In the course of the presentation of the substantive part, a review of the main directions of the audit activity in relation to the regional and district levels of government, as well as its inspection supervision of the activities of the lower administrative authorities, including the city hall, was performed. Based on the author’s development, it was proved that the senatorial audit, reflecting the attention of the imperial authorities to the periphery, was aimed primarily at increasing the efficiency of the Siberian suburbs management system on the example of the Yakutsk region through personnel shifts and elimination of identified office work disturbances. The study was based on documents first discovered in the archives of the Russian State Historical Archive and the National Archives of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).

scholarly journals Creation and Development of State Food Security System in Yakutia in 19th Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 308-321
Author(s):  
N. I. Burnasheva
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Regional Administration ◽  
National Archives ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Food Reserves ◽  
Spread Of Agriculture ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
The 19Th Century

Based on the documents of the National Archives of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), published reviews and reports of the regional administration, the creation of state and public grain and food reserves in the 19th century Yakutsk region that were necessary for the population to protect them from starvation and mortality in cattle during adverse years is considered. The main attention is paid to the influence of the bread storage system on the distribution of agriculture, the development of traditional crafts and occupations of foreigners, the development of loan and entrepreneurship. It is noted that, with the efforts and purposeful work of the regional government in Yakutia in the 19th century, along with state-owned shops, a network of rural public bakery stores was created that could adequately provide the population of the region with food, hay and other reserves. It is shown that the organization of a food safety system in the Yakutsk region was based on the principles of a careful attitude of the state to the needs of its subjects, which significantly increased the importance of government events, strengthened the authority and trust of the population in the activities of government. It is concluded that the process of organizing the bread storage system and food funds created favorable conditions for the spread of agriculture in the region, supported traditional crafts and occupations of the population, and opened up opportunities for the development of entrepreneurship.

Foreign photographers in Siberia: photography as a mean of dehumanization

Neophilology ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 566-573
Author(s):  
Evgeniy P. Ekimov
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Eastern Siberia ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
First Time

This cultural research is the analysis of the foreign photographers’ activities in Siberia from the second half of the 19th century to the present time. We consider the issue of dehumanization of Russian society and culture by means of foreign photography. On the basis of real photographs published on the Internet, the author compiled a list of all Western photographers who visited Siberia and proved their destructive and countercultural, political, and non-artistic goals aimed at weakening the Russian state and Russian people dehumanization; we confirmed it by the final relevant foreign publications. Some research materials are documents of the State Archive of the Republic of Buryatia and are the first time in scientific discourse. Until now, researchers consid-ered the activities of foreign photographers in Eastern Siberia mainly in the specialty of history, exclusively as a source base positively. The novelty of this cultural research lies in the fact that foreign photography of Eastern Siberia is considered from the perspective of the tasks set for for-eign photographers by their foreign customers, as well as from aesthetic and artistic positions. Thus, we prove the negative nature of the foreign photographers’ activities in Eastern Siberia.

scholarly journals The Order of the Chief Trustee of the Kalmyk People V. A. Bashkirov on Records Management Procedure in the Department for the Kalmyk People (1892)

2020 ◽  
pp. 736-750
Author(s):  
Irina V. Lidzhieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
National Archive ◽  
Records Management ◽  
Management Process ◽  
Office Work ◽  
Regional Administration ◽  
Management Procedure ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century

The aim of this work is to conduct a source study of the order of the Chief Trustee of the Kalmyk people of the Astrakhan gubernia V. A. Bashkirov, dated June 24, 1892 and stored in the I-24 fond “Directorate for the Bagatsokhur ulus” of the National Archive of the Republic of Kalmykia. In the first half of the 19th century, the policy of the imperial authorities aimed at integration of the Kalmyk steppe led to the emergence of a number of laws regulating the process, the main emphasis of which was on the desire to integrate the regional periphery into the imperial system of governance. Accordingly, the task of the Chief Bailiffs and Chief Trustees of the Kalmyk people was to sustain effective management process in the Kalmyk steppe, which could not have been achieved without well-organized records management at all levels of the administrative apparatus. The use of general scientific research methods and of special ones has allowed the author to consider this document as a source on the history of records management in the agencies for managing the Kalmyk people of the Astrakhan gubernia in the 19th century. Historical reconstruction and analysis of imperial legislation in the specified sphere of the system of governing the inorodtsy (allogeneous people) of the Astrakhan gubernia has determined the state of office work, underscored the desire of the head of the regional administration to establish office work in the institution, where throughout the 19th century there was a lack of specialists. The biographical method has made it possible to establish that it was the personality and activities of V. A. Bashkirov as the Chief Trustee of the Kalmyk people that contributed to the reforms that improved the quality of the managerial process. The remoteness and specificity of the territory led to a shortage of personnel capable of adapting to the new conditions and of managing peoples who did not welcome changes to their centuries-old ways of life. The integration of the Kalmyk steppe as national periphery of the Russian Empire also depended on well-established management process.

SEJARAH KAMPUNG PONDOL DAN KOMUNITAS EKSIL MUSLIM DI KOTA MANADO

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Allan Christian Kembuan
Keyword(s):  
Historical Method ◽  
National Archives ◽  
Colonial Archives ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Colonial Government ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Location ◽  
Dutch Colonial

Abstract: This research discusses the process of forming and developing of Pondol village in Manado as a location for exile along with the Dutch colonial government policy that placed exiles who came from several sultanates in Java in the Manado Residency during the 19th century. The discussion includes, first, the background of the exile of the Javanese aristocrats in Manado. Second, the process of establishing Pondol as a location for exile and its development during the XIX century, and third, the adaptations made by the exiles to adjust to their exile and the impact of their arrival on the Manado-Minahasa community. The historical method is used in this research, using colonial archives from the XIX century which are stored in the National Archives of the Republic of Indonesia, and local sources, especially manuscripts stored by their descendants in Manado and Java. The findings in this study are; Kampung Pondol was formed due to the isolation of Kanjeng Ratu Sekar Kedaton and Pangeran Suryeng Ingalaga and some of his followers originated from political intrigue that occurred in the Sultanate of Yogyakarta. Second, the reason why Kampung Pondol was chosen as the new location for exile by the Dutch colonial government for Javanese royal officials was different from the exile of other figures in Tondano and Tomohon. Third, the form of adaptation carried out by the exiles in Kampung Pondol Manado was marriage with women from Manado and relationships with Dutch people who lived around them.Keywords : Exile, Javanese Noble, Pondol Village, Adaptation. Abstrak: Penelitian ini membahas tentang proses terbentuk dan perkembangan kampung Pondol di Manado sebagai lokasi pengasingan seiring dengan kebijakan pemerintah kolonial Belanda yang menempatkan para eksil yang berasal dari beberapa kesultanan di Jawa di Karesidenan Manado pada sepanjang abad 19.  Pembahasannya meliputi; Pertama, Latar belakang pengasingan para bangsawan Jawa di Manado. Kedua, proses terbentuknya Pondol sebagai lokasi pengasingan dan perkembangannya selama abad XIX, dan Ketiga, adaptasi yang dilakukan para eksil untuk menyesuaikan diri di pengasingan serta dampak kedatangan mereka pada masyarakat Manado-Minahasa. Metode sejarah dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini, dengan mempergunakan sumber Arsip Kolonial kurun waktu abad ke XIX yang tersimpan di Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia,  dan sumber lokal terutama manuskrip yang tersimpan oleh keturunannya di Manado dan Jawa. Temuan dalam penelitian ini adalah; Kampung Pondol terbentuk karena Pengasingan Kanjeng Ratu Sekar Kedaton dan Pangeran Suryeng ingalaga dan beberapa pengikutnya berawal dari intrik politik yang terjadi di Kesultanan Yogyakarta. Kedua, alasan Kampung Pondol dipilih sebagai lokasi baru pengasingan Pemerintah Kolonial Belanda bagi pembesar kerajaan Jawa yang berbeda lokasi dengan pengasingan tokoh-tokoh lainnya di Tondano dan Tomohon. Ketiga, bentuk adaptasi yang dilakukan oleh para eksil di Kampung Pondol Manado dilakukan pernikahan dengan wanita dari Manado dan relasi dengan orang-orang Belanda yang tinggal disekeliling mereka.Kata Kunci : Eksil, Bangsawan Jawa, Kampung Pondol, Adaptasi.

scholarly journals «The National Libraries of Russia» at the 17-th National Exhibition-Fair «Books of Russia»

2014 ◽  
pp. 66-68
Author(s):  
A. V. Kalinkina
Keyword(s):  
Russian State ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State Library ◽  
National Libraries ◽  
First Time

The 17th National Exhibition-Fair «Books of Russia» was held in Moscow on 26-30 March, 2014, where for the first time the Russian State Library became the Central Exhibitor and the Organizer of the Exposition «The National Libraries of Russia», and the Special Guest of the Exhibition-Fair - «Publishing Companies of the Republic of Crimea».

scholarly journals Spory wśród mieszkańców Krakowa o służebności gruntowe miejskie (mur środkowy i prawo widoku). W świetle orzecznictwa sądów cywilnych Wolnego Miasta Krakowa (1815–1846

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 11-65
Author(s):  
Mateusz Mataniak
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Court Cases ◽  
Property Relations ◽  
National Archives ◽  
University Archives ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Civil Courts ◽  
Court Of Appeal

W artykule przedstawiono rozstrzyganie – na drodze sądowej – sporów pomiędzy mieszkańcami Krakowa, w okresie Rzeczypospolitej Krakowskiej (1815–1846), które dotyczyły służebności gruntowych miejskich (mur środkowy, prawo widoku). We wprowadzeniu wskazano na rzymski rodowód służebności, ich najważniejsze podziały (służebności naturalne, ustawowe, umowne) oraz główne sposoby korzystania z nich. W dalszej części artykułu analizie poddano 14 spraw sądowych, toczących się przed sądami Wolnego Miasta Krakowa. Podstawę źródłową stanowiły wyroki Trybunału I Instancji, Sądu Apelacyjnego i Sądu III Instancji, przechowywane w Archiwum Narodowym w Krakowie (zespół Archiwum Wolnego Miasta Krakowa), a także akta z Archiwum Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego poświęcone działalności orzeczniczej Wydziału Prawa UJ w latach 1817–1833. W pracy znalazły się liczne dane w przedmiocie stosunków własnościowych w Krakowie. Artykuł stanowi przyczynek do dziejów stosowania prawa francuskiego (Kodeks Napoleona, Kodeks Procedury Cywilnej) na ziemiach polskich w pierwszej połowie XIX w. Disputes among residents of Krakow regarding easements of municipal property (central wall and right to a view). In light of the case law of the civil courts in the Free City of Krakow (1815–1846) The article presents the settlement – in court – of disputes among the residents of Krakow, during the period of the Republic of Krakow (1815–1846), which concerned the easements of municipal property (central wall, right to a view). The introduction shows easements based on Roman rules, their most important divisions (natural, legal and contractual) as well as the ways of using them. Later in the article, there is an analysis of 14 court cases from the Free City of Krakow. The basis for this are the verdicts of the Tribunal of First Instance, the Court of Appeal and the Court of Third Instance, stored in the National Archives in Krakow (Archive of the Free City of Krakow), as well as records from the Jagiellonian University Archives, dedicated to the judicial activities of the Faculty of Law of Jagiellonian University, during the years 1817–1833. The work contains a great deal of information concerning property relations in Krakow. The article represents a contribution to the usage of French law (Napoleonic Code, Code of Civil Procedure ) in Polish land during the first half of the 19th century.

scholarly journals INSTITUTE OF EMISSARIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Koigeldiev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Management System ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Administrative Management ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time

The 20-30 years of the XX-th century in the history of Kazakhstan are characterized by the formation of such a form of governance of the republic from the center as the institute of emissaries. This form of management remained unchanged until the end of the Soviet period. The system of administrative management has acquired a new character, consolidating the former imperial positions based on the search for sources of raw materials and sales markets. The history of the formation and activity of the Institute of emissaries as a management system in Kazakhstan was not considered as an object of historical analysis. For the first time in the Kazakh historiography in the context of the 20-30s, the author analyzes the origins of the formation of this institute of management. The article highlights the beginning of a new stage in the Kazakh history, which implies a generalization of the activities of the power system and its nature from the point of view of modern realities.

History of the Central Asian commercial bank (1881−1911)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (12-2) ◽  
pp. 215-222
Author(s):  
Bakhtiyor Alimdjanov ◽  
Shokhrukh Choriev ◽  
Timur Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Commercial Bank ◽  
Russian Army ◽  
Historical Archive ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Russian State ◽  
General Government ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
First Time

In the article, on the basis of documents of the Russian State Historical Archive (RGIA) that have not been previously introduced into scientific circulation, the activities of N. I. Ivanov, a famous merchant of the second half of the 19th century in the Turkestan General Government, which became rich on military supplies to the Russian army during the period of conquests in Central Asia is given. For the first time in Russian historiography, the functioning of the Central Asian Commercial Bank (1881-1911) - the first commercial bank in Russian Turkestan, founded by N. I. Ivanov. The activity of private financial institutions in Central Asia is analyzed.

scholarly journals Structure and profitability of the noble household according to the estimated descriptions of the State Nobility land bank at the end of XIX century (according to the materials of the Kazan province)

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
Roman V. Fedoseev
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Livestock Breeding ◽  
Horse Breeding ◽  
National Archives ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Land Bank

Introduction. The study of the processes that took place in the post-reform era in the noble economy is one of the main foundations of the analysis of the capitalist evolution of the agrarian sphere of the late XIX – early XX centuries. After the reform of 1861, the local nobility, adapting to the needs of the time, switched to new forms and methods of management, which led to significant changes in the production structure of their estates. Materials and Methods. The study was carried out on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the valuables contained in the files of the Kazan branch of the State Noble Land Bank, extracted from the fund of the specified credit institution, located in the vaults of the National Archives of the Republic of Tatarstan. Results. The information contained in the appraisal list makes it possible to successfully consider the structure of estates, their material base, as well as the degree of profitability of the main branches of economic activity. Of course, not all inventories contained detailed information about the pledged property, many of them lacked some elements, in particular, there could be no listing of income and expenses and other valuable information, but in general they revealed the structure, degree of capitalization and profitability of the noble households Kazan province of the period under review. Discussion and Conclusions. As a result, the study showed that, by the end of the 19th century, noble economies were rather large economic complexes with a well-developed material and production base, where labor was most often carried out on the job of civilian workers, or wasp processing, most of the estates had a variety of agricultural machines and inventory, horse breeding was quite developed, livestock breeding was less developed.

scholarly journals Этикетные формулы как этнолингвистические компоненты оригинальных и переводных калмыцких деловых текстов XVIII в. (на материале писем хана Аюки и их русских переводов 1714–1715 гг.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1102-1110
Author(s):  
Galina M. Yarmarkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Christian Worldview ◽  
National Archives ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State Archives ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Linguistic Means

Introduction. Kalmyk official texts of the 18th century and their parallel translations into Russian are, in the author’s opinion, ethnolinguistic sources, rich in culturally marked linguistic means. So far, initial formulas in Kalmyk official letters of the period and their Russian translations have not been studied in a comparative mode. The article aims to analyze etiquette formulas of Khan Ayuka’s letters as ethnolinguistic components, comparing them with their Russian translations. Materials and methods. The sources for the research were Kalmyk Khan’s letters of 1714–1715, kept in the Russian State Archives of Ancient Acts and in the National Archives of the Republic of Kalmykia. To identify translation strategies, both simultaneous and diachronic Russian translations of the material are used. The research involves descriptive, comparative-contrastive methods, as well as the method of contextual analysis. Conclusions. Comparative analysis of the original and translated texts indicated some differences in the traditions of greeting in the cultures in question, which are reflected in official writing. The translated texts are characterized by greater variability of linguistic means influencing the modality of etiquette statements: e. g. the addressee’s and addresser’s names may be added or deleted, ethnolinguistically marked language may be introduced, when components associated with the traditions of Buddhism were excluded or replaced with those associated with the Christian worldview. Depending on the addressee, his status, and the nature of official relationship of correspondents, the character of the etiquette formulas and greetings changes, too: the higher is the addressee’s status, the more complex is the syntactic aspect of etiquette formulas and the greater is the portion of lexical items of an elevated, loftier style used in translations. Of relevance is also the sequence of etiquette formulas in official correspondence, changes in the sequence marking the status of the addressee as well.

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