scholarly journals POTENCY AND ACTIVITY OF SECONDARY METABOLITE OF Trichoderma harzianum AC1(b) J2 INHIBITOR GROWTH Colletotrichum capsici IPBCC 13.1098

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurkayah Nurkayah ◽  
Elisa Nurnawati ◽  
Hary Widjajanti
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
Zone Diameter ◽  
Colletotrichum Capsici ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Trichoderma harzianum is a fungus that can produce secondary metabolites which able to inhibit the growth of Colletotrichum capsici. a pathogenic fungus causing anthracnose in plants. the Aims of this research were to obtain and analyze the ability of secondary metabolites of Trichoderma harzianum AC1 (b) J2 isolated from Scleria poaeformis. to inhibit the growth of Colletotrichum capsici IPBCC13.1098. The secondary metabolite eluat of Trichoderma harzianum were tested for the antifungal activity toward Colletotrichum capsici IPBCC 13.1098. Fractionation was carried out by Column Chromatography and produced 31 eluat. The secondary metabolite eluat of Trichoderma harzianum with the highest inhibition zone diameter was eluat 1 with 8.4 mm in diameter. The secondary metabolite eluat with the highest value of inhibition zone was carried out by MIC test and thin layer chromatography (TLC). Based on the MIC results, the minimum inhibitory concentration of the secondary metabolite of Trichoderma harzianum to fungus Colletotrichum capsici was 250 ppm with inhibition zone diameter was 0.10 mm. The results of TLC showed orange spots on the TLC plate that indicated alkaloite compounds.

scholarly journals UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL BAWANG DAYAK (Eleutherine polmifolia (L.) Merr) TERHADAP Salmonella typhi dan Escherichia coli

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nofita Nofita ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Skin Infections ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
Zone Diameter ◽  
Agar Diffusion ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria

Dayak onion (Eleutherine polmifolia (L.) Merr) was a typical plant of Kalimantan. Empirically dayak onion (Eleutherine polmifolia (L.) Merr) used by the comunity to treat skin infections. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of dayak onion power against Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli bacteria. The highest concentration used was 100%, and the lowest concentration was 0,5%. As a control of cloramfenikol for Salmonella typhi and ciprofloxacin for Escherichia coli bacteria. This research method used agar diffusion. The results showed the ethanol extract of dayak onion (Eleutherine polmifolia (L.) Merr) contained flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins and phenols with the highest levels was by tannins at 7,45%. Dayak onion (Eleutherine polmifolia (L.) Merr) are inhibiting the growth of Salmonella typhi bacteria at a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)of 1% with a inhibition zone diameter of 6,24 mm and 0,9% with a inhibition zone diameter of 6,20 mm at Escherichia coli bacteria.Keywords : Eleutherine polmifolia (L.) Merr, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Agar diffusion, MIC

scholarly journals Chromatographic Analysis of Ethanol Extract of Funtumia elastica leaves and stem bark and their antimicrobial activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (04) ◽  
pp. 843-852
Author(s):  
T. Mathias ◽  
J.N. Asegbeloyin ◽  
E.E. Oyeka ◽  
E.O. Oji ◽  
K.G. Akpomie
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
Zone Diameter ◽  
Layer Chromatography

The study evaluated the antimicrobial activity based on chromatographic analysis of ethanolic extract of Funtumia elastica leaves and stem bark. Funtumia elastica leaf and stem bark samples were air dried, grinded and extracted in ethanol by soxhlet extraction. The defatted ethanol extract was partitioned in dilute sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid and chloroform to obtain basic, neutral and acidic metabolites. The phytochemical test on the defatted crude extract of Funtumia elastica leaf and stem bark show the presence of tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, terponoids, anthraquinone, phenolics and steroids. The crude extract, basic, neutral and acidic metabolites, and the fractions obtained by thin layer chromatography were screened for their antimicrobial activity at concentration of 100mg/ml against Streptococcus pneumoniae(sp), Staphylococcus aureus(sa), Salmonella typhi(st), Escherichia coli(ec) and Candida albicans(ca). The results show that the crude extract of stem with inhibition zone diameter(mm) of 22, 18, 20, 22 and 20 against (sp), (sa), (st), (ec) and (ca) respectively had better antimicrobial activity than the crude extract of leaf with inhibition zone diameter(mm) of 16,10,16,14 and 12 against (sp), (sa), (st), (ec) and (ca) respectively. Also the TLC fractions exhibited lower antimicrobial activity when compared to that of the basic metabolites. The fractions obtained by thin layer chromatography which showed promising antimicrobial activity were analysed by gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC/MS). The GC/MS spectra revealed thirty-nine peaks from which thirty nine compounds were identified. The identified compounds were mainly carboxylic acids and esters. The results of antimicrobial screening show that the crude extracts of the stem bark with inhibition zone diameter (mm) of 22, 18, 20, 22 and 20 were comparable to the standard drugs ciprofloxacin with inhibition zone diameter (mm) of 18, 20, 20, and 15 and gentamycin with inhibition zone diameter (mm) of 10, 20, 15, 12, and 18.

scholarly journals Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Metanol Daun Turi (Sesbania grandiflora L.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Klebseilla pneumonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Huurun Iien ◽  
Lalu Zulkifli ◽  
Prapti Sedijani
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
Zone Diameter ◽  
Sesbania Grandiflora ◽  
Activity Test

Abstrak: Turi merupakan tanaman yang memiliki berbagai khasiat diantaranya sebagai anti bakteri. Turi mengandung golongan senyawa tanin, saponin dan terpenoid yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan dasar obat-obatan modern. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan aktivitas ekstrak daun turi terhadap pertumbuhan Klebseilla pneumoniae berdasarkan diameter zona hambat. Pengujian dilakukan dengan mengekstraksi daun Turi dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut metanol. Uji daya hambat antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi sumuran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun turi memiliki daya hambat terhadap bakteri Klebsiella pneumoniae dengan konsentrasi 10%, 25%, 40% dan 55% dengan diameter zona hambatnya ialah 7.2mm, 14.4mm, 17.9mm, dan 22.5mm. Kemampuan penghambatan pertumbuhan bakteri pada metode sumuran untuk konsentrasi 55%, 40% dan 25% dikategorikan sangat kuat karena memiliki diameter zona hambat rata-rata >12 mm dan konsentrasi 10% di kategorikan lemah karena memiliki diameter zona hambat rata-rata <8 berdasarkan  kategori Vasanthakumari. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Klebsiella pneumoniae mempunyai nilai tertinggi pada konsentrasi 55% dibandingkan konsentrasi lainnya.Kata kunci: Ekstrak Daun Turi, maserasi, antibakteri, Klebseilla pneumoniae, Metabolit SekunderAbstract: Turi is a plant that has various of benefits include as anti-bacterial. Turi contains some compounds include thanin, saponins and terpenoids which can be used for modern medicines. This study aims to determine the activity of turi leaf extract on the growth of Klebseilla pneumoniae based on the inhibition zone diameter. The test was carried out by extracting Turi leaves by maceration method using methanol as a solvent. The antibacterial inhibition test was carried out by the wells method. The results showed that turi leaf extract has inhibitory properties against Klebsiella pneumoniae with concentrations of 10%, 25%, 40% and 55% with clear zone diameters of 7.2mm, 14.4mm, 17.9mm, and 22. 5mm. The ability to inhibit bacterial growth in methods of 55%, 40% and 25% is categorized as sangat kuat because it has an average inhibition zone diameter> 12 mm and for a concentration of 10% is categorized lemah because the average inhibition zone diameter is <8 based on the Vasanthakumari theory. Antibacteria activity test in inhibiting the growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae has the highest value at a concentration of 55% compared to other concentrations.Keywords: Turi Leaf Extract, maceration, antimicrobial, Klebseilla pneumoniae, Secondary Metabolites

scholarly journals Antibacterial activity of Escherichia coli from squid ink (Loligo sp.) n-Hexane extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 869 (1) ◽  
pp. 012033
Author(s):  
D R Utami ◽  
I Irwan ◽  
S Agustina ◽  
S Karina ◽  
S Afriani
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Intermediate Concentration

Abstract Squid is one of the export commodities in Indonesia. In general, the use of squid meat, while the ink is only as waste. In fact, Squid ink contain bioactive compound that potential as anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, anti-diabetic,anti-microbial and anti-malaria agents. The purpose of the study is to determine the types of secondary metabolite compounds contained in n-hexane extract of Loligo sp. ink using maceration method to determine its antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. The results of secondary metabolite compounds obtained from the n-hexane extract of Loligo sp. ink are alkaloid, saponins, glycosides and phenol. The results of antibacterial test against E. coli using the disc method obtained the average of inhibition zone diameter at the concentration of 4% is 6.3 mm (intermediate), concentration of 8% is 7.83 mm (intermediate), concentration of 16% is 14.5 mm (susceptible) and concentration of 32% is 10.83 mm (intermediate). The antibacterial activity in n-hexane extract of Loligo sp. ink is optimal at the concentration of 16% against E. coli bacteria.

scholarly journals ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND SECONDARY METABOLITE ENDOPHYTIC FUNGAL ISOLATE FROM PERONEMA CANESCENS JACK LEAF AND COPTOSAPELTA TOMENTOSA VAL. K. HEYNE ROOT

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 215-225
Author(s):  
Arsyik Ibrahim ◽  
M. Arifuddin ◽  
Wisnu Cahyo P ◽  
Wahyu Widayat ◽  
Mahfuzun Bone
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Fungal Isolate ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Reaction Test ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Spray Reagents

Has been done Isolation, Characterization and Secondary Metabolite Endophytic Fungal Isolate from Peronema canescens Jack Leave and Coptosapelta tomentosa Valeton K. Heyne Root. The aim of this research is to know the number of fungal isolates, chromatogram profile and secondary metabolite group of endophytic fungal isolates from P. canencens leaves and C. tomentosa root. Characterization of endophytic fungal isolates was done macroscopically and microscopically. Identification of secondary metabolites endophytic fungal isolates were performed by chemical reaction test and TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography) method with specific spray reagents. The data of this study were obtained based on the number of endophytic fungal that can be isolated, observing macroscopic and microscopic morphological profiles, chromatogram profile and secondary metabolites of each endophytic fungal isolated. The results showed that endophytic fungal that can be isolated from P. canencens leaves four isolates, and two isolates from C. tomentosa root. Morphological profile macroscopic endophytic fungal of the six isolates showed a greenish-colored colony, white gray, clear black. Microscopic profile of each fungal isolate having spores, sprangiosphora, sporangium, conidia, hyphae and stolon. The identified secondary metabolites are: alkaloids, terpenoids, and flavonoids, and polyphenols.

scholarly journals Antifungal and growths regulation activity of new metal-organic compounds

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-149
Author(s):  
O. V. Bashta ◽  
L. P. Pasichnyk ◽  
N. M. Voloshchuk ◽  
G. G. Repich ◽  
O. O. Zholob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Copper Complex ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Chelate Complexes ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
Zone Diameter ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Metal Organic

The aim of present paper is to study the antifungal activity of the new platinum, palladium and copper chelate complexes with different organic ligands against Fusarium strains and to determine the influence of these compounds on the germination energy and seed germination of investigated grain crops. Methods. In vitro antifungal activities of new chelate complexes were studied by the agar disk diffusion method. New complexes were tested against pathogenic Fusarium strains such as — F. culmorum 3260/4, F. verticillioides and F. sporotrichioides. The toxic effect of new complexes was evaluated according to changes in germination power and seed germination of grain crops — winter wheat, vernal barley and maize. The determination of these characteristics was carried out in accordance with the standard demands. Results. Our results revealed that palladium complex H exhibited fungicidal activity against F. culmorum 3260/4 and fungistatic activity against F. verticillioides with growth inhibition zone diameter 25 mm ad 20 mm respectively. Copper complex 2 showed a moderate fungicidal effect against F. culmorum 3260/4 strain (inhibition zone diameter 12 mm). The treatment of grain crops seeds with the H and 2 complexes demonstrated the less toxicity than standard agent — commercial fungicide tebuconazol. These complexes had also less negative influence on the germination power for all test cultures than tebuconazol. Copper complex 2 showed a noticeable growth promoting effect on studied seeds compared to seeds under conditions without treatment. Conclusions. Thus, the studied complexes can be considered as promising antifungal agents with growth regulating properties. The directional modification of the complexes to obtain the more potent derivatives will be performed.Keywords: metal-organic compounds, antifungal, growths regulation activity.

ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECTIVENESS OF LIME LEAVES (Citrus hystrix DC) ETHANOL EXTRACT ON Enterococcus faecalis BACTERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Ratih Widyasari ◽  
◽  
Willy Hadinata Halim ◽  
Atia Nurul Sidiqa ◽  
Dewa Made Wedagama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
Zone Diameter ◽  
The Difference

Introduction: Endodontic treatment failure can be caused by the bacterium E. faecalis, which has a prevalence of up to 90%. E. faecalis is difficult to eradicate because it forms a biofilm to defend itself against antibacterial agents. Lime leaves are one of the many herbal products available in Indonesia (Citrus hystrix DC). Lime leaf extracts include antibacterial components such as essential oils, phenolics, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of lime leaf extract against E. faecalis bacterium. Material and Methods:The agar diffusion technique was used for four experimental groups, using lime leaf extract at 4% (group 1), 8% (group 2), and 16% (group 3) as the negative control. Each group was repeated six times on Muller Hinton Agar (MHA) medium with a paper disc, and the diameter of the inhibitory zone was measured with a caliper. Results and Discussions: The results revealed that a 4 % concentration of lime leaf extract had an average inhibition zone diameter of 7.31 mm, an 8 % concentration had an average inhibition zone diameter of 8.59 mm, and a 16 % concentration had an average inhibition zone diameter of 11.41 mm. The difference in the inhibition zone was statistically significant (p= 0,000) evaluated using the one-way ANOVA. Conclusion: It can be concluded that lime leaf extract is antibacterial potential against E. faecalis bacteria in the endodontic treatment.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF CHITOSAN AND HYDROLYZED COCONUT OIL AND THEIR COMBINATION AGAINST BACILLUS CEREUS AND ESCHERICHIA COLI

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jansen Silalahi ◽  
Petrika Situmorang ◽  
Popi Patilaya ◽  
Yosy Ce Silalahi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Zone Diameter

ABSTRACTObjective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of chitosan, hydrolyzed coconut oil and their combination againstBacillus cereus and Escherichia coli.Methods: The materials used in this study were powder of chitosan (obtained from prawn shell produced by Laboratory of Research Centre FMIPAUniversity of Sumatera Utara) and virgin coconut oil (VCO) product of Siti Nurbaya-Indonesia. VCO was partially hydrolyzed by Lipozyme TL IM(active at sn-1,3 position) and the result called hydrolyzed virgin coconut oil (HVCO). The bacteria used in this study were B. cereus and E. coli. Theantibacterial activity of chitosan in 1% acetic acid and HVCO in dimethylsulfoxide was tested by Kirby–Bauer agar diffusion method using paper discwith diameter of 6 mm.Results: The results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration of chitosan against B. cereus and E. coli is at concentration of 0.05% withinhibition zone diameter of 6.86 mm and 7.56 mm, respectively. MIC of HVCO against B. cereus is at concentration of 0.25% with inhibition zonediameter of 6.40 mm, and against E. coli is at a concentration of 0.50% with inhibition zone diameter of 6.20 mm. The inhibition zone diameter ofchitosan 0.05% and HVCO 0.25% in combination against B. cereus is 8.33 mm which is higher than half the sum of chitosan 0.05% and HVCO 0.25%(6.63 mm). The inhibition zone diameter of chitosan 0.05% and 0.5% HVCO in combination against E. coli is 8.53 mm which is higher than half thesum of chitosan 0.05% and HVCO 0.5% (6.53 mm).Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that chitosan is more antibacterial than HVCO, and the interaction between chitosan and HVCO incombination demonstrated to be synergistic against B. cereus and E. coli.Keywords: Antibacterial, Chitosan, Coconut oil, Combination, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli.®

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI ISOLAT KAPANG ENDOFIT DARI KULIT NANAS (Ananas comosus (L.) Meer)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
Siti Hamidatul Aliyah ◽  
Musfirotun Musfirotun ◽  
Nur Antriana
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
Zone Diameter ◽  
Pineapple Peel ◽  
Living Organisms

Pineapple contains an enzyme called bromelain which is can be used as antiseptic of mouth, antibacterial, antifungal, and disinfectant. Endophytic mold is a microbe that forms colonies in healthy tissues of living organisms, generally, endophytic microbes do not cause harmful symptoms in the tissue of their host. This study aims to isolate the endophytic shell origin of pineapple peel that has acted as an antibacterial. A total of 3 endophytic capsules, Ac-I, Ac-II and Ac-III were isolated from pineapple skin using PDA media. The three isolates were purified and microscopic examinations were performed. Antibacterial testing was performed by fermentation to produce supernatant, then tested using disc method (Kirby-Bauer method) with Staphylococcus aureus and Escerichia coli test bacteria. The 3 isolates obtained only 1 isolate Ac-III isolates that have activity as antibacterial, with the inhibition zone diameter in bacterium Staphylococcus aureus 7.65 mm while in the bacterium Escerichia coli 6,9 mm.

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