scholarly journals Review of Phytochemicals and Its Biological Activities and Contemporary Nutraceuticals

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 298-310
Author(s):  
Laode Rijai
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
World Market ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Pomegranate Juice ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Aloe Vera Gel ◽  
High Level

Nutraceutical is food for health with functions of preventive, promotive, rehabilitation, aesthetic, intelligence to curative. Nutraceuticals as food products can have a contemporary value, which is a trend or extraordinary circumstance that attracts consumers because of its function as a supplement, functional food, medical food, and genetically engineered food so that it penetrates the world market without limits. Nutraceuticals that are contemporary make it easy to achieve the goals of health care by using the "nutraceuticals" approach because the client wishes to himself with a high level of confidence in the benefits of the product for health and therefore uses it. Potential compound for nutraceuticals is secondary metabolites because it has multipotential for health, but specific to certain functions. Secondary metabolites, generally sourced from low plants and animals, because these biological groups do not have a perfect secretion system so that metabolites resulting from secondary metabolism are stored in cells and tissues properly, with several functions, among others, for defense and attractiveness of the biological. Some of the classes and compounds of plant secondary metabolites that are known to have potential for nutraceuticals are Terpenoids, Terpenoids non-Carotenoids, Polyphenolics, Phenolic Acids, Non-Flavonoid Polyphenolics, Glucosinolates, Thiosulphinates, Phytosterols, Anthraquinones, Glucosamines, Octacosanolines, Characticines, Chines) Pectin, Pigments, Tocotrienols and Tocopherols, Ubiquinon and -Lipoic Acid. Furthermore, some contemporary nutraceuticals are Spiruline, Broccoli, Aloe Vera Gel and Aloe Juice, Soyfoods, Omega-3- Fatty Acids, Pomegranate Juice, Walnuts, and Organic Mushroom Nutrace.

scholarly journals Monoterpenes and Their Derivatives—Recent Development in Biological and Medical Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
pp. 7078
Author(s):  
Mariola Zielińska-Błajet ◽  
Joanna Feder-Kubis
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Structural Modification ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Biological And Medical Applications

Monoterpenes, comprising hydrocarbons, are the largest class of plant secondary metabolites and are commonly found in essential oils. Monoterpenes and their derivatives are key ingredients in the design and production of new biologically active compounds. This review focuses on selected aliphatic, monocyclic, and bicyclic monoterpenes like geraniol, thymol, myrtenal, pinene, camphor, borneol, and their modified structures. The compounds in question play a pivotal role in biological and medical applications. The review also discusses anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticonvulsant, analgesic, antiviral, anticancer, antituberculosis, and antioxidant biological activities exhibited by monoterpenes and their derivatives. Particular attention is paid to the link between biological activity and the effect of structural modification of monoterpenes and monoterpenoids, as well as the introduction of various functionalized moieties into the molecules in question.

Biological Activities of Isorhamnetin: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 78-81
Author(s):  
Khaled Nabih Zaki Rashed
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

In recentyears, flavonols have been a focus of research due to their important biological activities.Isorhamnetinis a flavonol. It belongs to a group of plant secondary metabolites known as flavonoids. It is present in man’s daily diet and is known for its biological activities such as antioxidant, antiviral, anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-Tuberculosis and anti-inflammatory effects. It has been reported for its antioxidant and antiviral applications hence it is not only used as such, but it also has various derivatized forms which has potentials for development into drugs for the treatment of diseases caused by oxidative stress and lethal viruses.

scholarly journals BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES AND NOVEL APPLICATIONS OF CHALCONES

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 607-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. DÍAZ-TIELAS ◽  
E. GRAÑA ◽  
M.J. REIGOSA ◽  
A.M. SÁNCHEZ-MOREIRAS
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Molecular Events ◽  
Novel Applications ◽  
New Applications ◽  
Synthetic Derivatives

ABSTRACT This review provides information on the biological activities of chalcones (whether natural or synthetic derivatives) on different organisms, as well as an overview of the functions and possible new applications of these plant secondary metabolites on crop protection, as eco-friendly pesticides and weed control agents. Naturally occurring chalcones have been used in traditional medicine for many years; however, recent scientific advances have shown that these molecules have a broad range of biological activities in a variety of organisms. A review on the major sources of chalcones and the main molecular events involved in the modes of action of these natural products is achieved. Chalcones are molecules with a broad spectrum of biological activities, which are of great interest in agriculture to control weeds and unwanted pests.

scholarly journals Plant Secondary Metabolites: An Opportunity for Circular Economy

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 495
Author(s):  
Ilaria Chiocchio ◽  
Manuela Mandrone ◽  
Paola Tomasi ◽  
Lorenzo Marincich ◽  
Ferruccio Poli
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Chemical Structures

Moving toward a more sustainable development, a pivotal role is played by circular economy and a smarter waste management. Industrial wastes from plants offer a wide spectrum of possibilities for their valorization, still being enriched in high added-value molecules, such as secondary metabolites (SMs). The current review provides an overview of the most common SM classes (chemical structures, classification, biological activities) present in different plant waste/by-products and their potential use in various fields. A bibliographic survey was carried out, taking into account 99 research articles (from 2006 to 2020), summarizing all the information about waste type, its plant source, industrial sector of provenience, contained SMs, reported bioactivities, and proposals for its valorization. This survey highlighted that a great deal of the current publications are focused on the exploitation of plant wastes in human healthcare and food (including cosmetic, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and food additives). However, as summarized in this review, plant SMs also possess an enormous potential for further uses. Accordingly, an increasing number of investigations on neglected plant matrices and their use in areas such as veterinary science or agriculture are expected, considering also the need to implement “greener” practices in the latter sector.

scholarly journals FORMULATION FACE WASH AGENT USING Aloe vera GEL AS NATURAL SURFACTANT

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Tsalits Fahman Mughni
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponin ◽  
Facial Skin ◽  
Polyphenol Compounds ◽  
Natural Surfactant ◽  
Aloe Vera Gel ◽  
Aloe Gel ◽  
Selection Of

This study aims to make facial wash gel made from Aloe vera L. as a natural surfactant. The experimental method used included the stages of analysis of Aloe vera extract samples, addition of carbomer 960 with a percentage of 0.5%, 0.7% and 2%, selection of essential oils according to facial skin requirements, testing of secondary metabolites contained in Aloe vera extract. Furthermore, making aloe gel as a facial wash by utilizing the secondary metabolites contained in Aloe vera that have characteristics in accordance with the Indonesian national standard (SNI). The results showed that Aloe vera extract used positively contained flavonoid, triterpenoid, saponin, and polyphenol compounds. It has been successfully made the best facial wash gel with formulation obtained in addition of carbomer 960 with a percentage of 0.7%. The organoleptic results of Aloe vera gel as facial wash include having an aroma in accordance with the added essence, soft texture, gel form, cloudy white color, feeling cool or cold when applied to facial skin, without foam and having a pH of 5.

scholarly journals Isoflavonoids — an overview of their biological activities and potential health benefits

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Miadoková
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Health Promoting

Isoflavonoids — an overview of their biological activities and potential health benefitsThere are many biological activities attributed to isoflavonoids. The majority of them could be beneficial and some of them may be detrimental, depending on specific circumstances. Isoflavonoids play an important role in human nutrition as health promoting natural chemicals. They belong to plant secondary metabolites that mediate diverse biological functions through numerous pathways. They are structurally similar to estrogens, exerting both estrogenic and antiestrogenic properties in various tissues. The results of epidemiologic studies exploring the role of isoflavonoids in human health have been inconclusive. Some studies support the notion of a protective effect of their consumption in immunomodulation, cognition, risk reduction of certain cancers, cardiovascular and skin diseases, osteoporosis and obesity, as well as relief of menopausal symptoms. Other studies failed to demonstrate any effects.

scholarly journals Comparative Effects of Different Light Sources on the Production of Key Secondary Metabolites in Plants In Vitro Cultures

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1521
Author(s):  
Mariam Hashim ◽  
Bushra Ahmad ◽  
Samantha Drouet ◽  
Christophe Hano ◽  
Bilal Haider Abbasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Culture Techniques

Plant secondary metabolites are known to have a variety of biological activities beneficial to human health. They are becoming more popular as a result of their unique features and account for a major portion of the pharmacological industry. However, obtaining secondary metabolites directly from wild plants has substantial drawbacks, such as taking a long time, posing a risk of species extinction owing to over-exploitation, and producing a limited quantity. Thus, there is a paradigm shift towards the employment of plant tissue culture techniques for the production of key secondary metabolites in vitro. Elicitation appears to be a viable method for increasing phytochemical content and improving the quality of medicinal plants and fruits and vegetables. In vitro culture elicitation activates the plant’s defense response and increases the synthesis of secondary metabolites in larger proportions, which are helpful for therapeutic purposes. In this respect, light has emerged as a unique and efficient elicitor for enhancing the in vitro production of pharmacologically important secondary metabolites. Various types of light (UV, fluorescent, and LEDs) have been found as elicitors of secondary metabolites, which are described in this review.

scholarly journals Stemphylium and Ulocladium between Benefit and Harmful

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 1117-1120
Author(s):  
Waill A Elkhateeb ◽  
Ghoson M Daba
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Mentha Pulegium ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Biocontrol Activity ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
High Level ◽  
New Metabolites

Background: Emerging of microbial resistance, spread of life-threatening diseases, and biological control of pathogens destroying economically important crops, are serious problems that encourage scientists to search for unusual sources for novel compounds with biological activities. Fungi are promising sources for such compounds due to their ability to produce variety of secondary metabolites that could be, if truly investigated, the solution for currently serious problems. Aim: The aim of this review is to highlight the diversity of compounds produced by endophytic Stemphylium and Ulocladium and represents their ability to produce biologically diverse metabolites. Materials and methods: This was a narrative review. A comprehensive literature search was done using PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and EMBASE using the keywords, Stemphylium; Ulocladium; Secondary metabolites; biological activities. Results: Many studies reported that the endophytic Ulocladium especially, Ulocladium atrum Preuss, showed promising biocontrol activity against Botrytis cinerea on crops cultivated in the greenhouse and the field. The endophytic fungus Stemphylium especially, Stemphylium globuliferum was isolated from stem tissues of the Moroccan medicinal plant Mentha pulegium. Extracts of the fungus exhibited significant cytotoxicity when tested in vitro against L5178Y cells. Conclusion: Endophytic fungi are a noble and consistent source of unique natural mixtures with a high level of biodiversity and may also yield several compounds of pharmaceutical significance, which is currently attracting scientific surveys worldwide. Every study conducted on Stemphylium and Ulocladium resulted in discovery of new metabolites or pointing to a possible application, which made Stemphylium and Ulocladium species potential source of pharmaceuticals and attracted attention for further investigations of their biological control.

scholarly journals How Phytocomponents May be Valuable Against Oxidative Stress in Brain Tissue?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Vieira Thomaz ◽  
Douglas Vieira Thomaz
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Short Commentary ◽  
Physicochemical Features ◽  
Thermodynamic Feasibility

This short commentary is intended to briefly discuss the benefits of plant secondary metabolites against brain tissue injury promoted by oxidative stress. Henceforth, the physicochemical features and biological activities of phytocomponents were assessed based on literature reports, which showcased their thermodynamic feasibility to reduce reactive oxygen species. It was strongly hinted that secondary metabolites possessing antioxidant potential may be of use in the therapeutics against neurodegenerative disorders owing to free radical scavenging, what hinders further damage to brain tissue.

scholarly journals Aloe vera Gel: Effective Therapeutic Agent against Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates Recovered from Burn Wound Infections

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Goudarzi ◽  
Maryam Fazeli ◽  
Mehdi Azad ◽  
Sima Sadat Seyedjavadi ◽  
Reza Mousavi
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Aloe Vera Gel ◽  
Herbal Medicinal

Objective. Aloe vera is an herbal medicinal plant with biological activities, such as antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic ones, and immunomodulatory properties. The purpose of this study was investigation of in vitro antimicrobial activity of A. vera gel against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients with burn wound infections. Methods. During a 6-month study, 140 clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected from patients admitted to the burn wards of a hospital in Tehran, Iran. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was carried out against the pathogens using the A. vera gel and antibiotics (imipenem, gentamicin, and ciprofloxacin). Results. The antibiogram revealed that 47 (33.6%) of all isolates were MDR P. aeruginosa. The extract isolated from A. vera has antibacterial activity against all of isolates. Also, 42 (89.4%) isolates were inhibited by A. vera gel extract at minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ≤ 200 µg/mL. MIC value of A. vera gel for other isolates (10.6%) was 800 µg/mL. All of MDR P. aeruginosa strains were inhibited by A. vera at similar MIC50 and MIC90 200 µg/mL. Conclusion. Based on our results, A. vera gel at various concentrations can be used as an effective antibacterial agent in order to prevent wound infection caused by P. aeruginosa.

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