scholarly journals Estimating the incidence and mortality of cancer in Colombia: What are the best data for public policies?

2016 ◽  
pp. 71-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Eduardo Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
National Cancer Institute ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Colombian Government ◽  
National Information

Colombia simultaneously faces the challenge of controlling both the communicable and non-communicable diseases. Information provided by the population-based cancer registries (PBCRs) of Colombia1-4 indicates that cancer is a major cause of morbidity in our region. Based on the information provided by the PBCRs of Colombia and taking into account mortality data from cancer, the Colombian National Cancer Institute (NCI) estimates that, in Colombia, there are about 63,000 new cases and 33,000 deaths by cancer each year5. The number of people living with the disease is unknown.The possibility of reducing cancer mortality and preventing 30% of malignancies has encouraged the Colombian government to design a Cancer National Information System (Cancer-NIS)6 and to formulate a ten-year plan for its control7. Having good quality statistics on the cancer burden is essential to make an accurate diagnostic of the cancer problem and to design, implement and monitor control measures. Otherwise, the human, social and economic costs produced by this group of diseases will continue to increase, and they will exceed the country’s capacity to fight them.

scholarly journals Cancer incidence and mortality in the municipality of Pasto, 1998 – 2007

2012 ◽  
pp. 256-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Clara Yepez ◽  
Luis Eduardo Bravo ◽  
Arsenio Hidalgo Troya ◽  
Daniel Marcelo Jurado ◽  
Luisa Mercedes Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Cancer Morbidity

Introduction: In Colombia, information on cancer morbidity at the population level is limited. Incidence es­timates for most regions are based on mortality data. To improve the validity of these estimates, it is necessary that other population-based cancer registries, as well as Cali, provide cancer risk information. Objective: To describe the incidence and cancer mortality in the municipality of Pasto within the 1998-2007 period. Methodology: The study population belongs to rural and urban areas of the municipality of Pasto. Collection, processing, and systematization of the data were performed according to internationally standardized parame­ters for population-based cancer registries. The cancer incidence and mortality rates were calculated by gender, age, and tumor site. Results: During the 1998-2007 period 4,986 new cases of cancer were recorded of which 57.7% were in female. 2,503 deaths were presented, 52% in female. Neoplasm-associated infections are the leading cause of cancer morbidity in Pasto: stomach cancer in males and cervical cancer in females. Discussion: Cancer in general is a major health problem for the population of the municipality of Pasto. The overall behavior of the increasing incidence and cancer mortality in relation to other causes of death show the need to implement and strengthen prevention and promotion programs, focusing especially on tumors that produce greater morbidity and mortality in the population.

scholarly journals 503. The Misappropriation of COVID-19 Related TV Ad Expenditures

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S317-S317
Author(s):  
Kartavya J Vyas
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Preventive Interventions ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Epidemic Curve ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Background With nearly three-fourths of the U.S. population isolated in their homes between early March and the end of May, almost all of whom regularly watch television (TV), it was no surprise that companies began to purchase airtime on major television networks to advertise (ad) their brands and showcase their empathy with the populace. But how would the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic curve have changed had these same dollars been allocated to proven preventive interventions? Methods Performance and activity metrics on all COVID-19 related TV ads that have aired in the U.S. between February 26th and June 7th, 2020, were provided by iSpot.tv, Inc., including expenditures. COVID-19 incidence and mortality data were collected from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Descriptive statistics were performed to calculate total TV ad expenditures and other performance metrics across industry categories. Leveraging a previously published stochastic agent-based model that was used to assess the cost-effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions to control COVID-19, the number of cases that would have been prevented had these same dollars been used for preventive interventions was calculated using cost-effectiveness ratios (CERs), the cost divided by cases prevented. Results A total of 1,513 companies purchased TV airtime during the study period, totaling approximately 1.1 million airings, 215.5 billion impressions, and $2.7 billion in expenditures; most of the expenditures were spent by the restaurant (15.9%), electronics and communications (15.4%), and vehicle (13.7%) industries. The CERs for PPE and social distancing measures were $13,856 and $29,552, respectively; therefore, had all of these TV ad dollars instead been allocated to PPE or social distancing measures, approximately 194,908 and 91,386 cases of COVID-19 may have been prevented by the end of the study period, respectively. Figure 2. COVID-19 cases prevented had TV ad expenditures been reallocated for interventions. Conclusion Americans were inundated with COVID-19 related TV ads during the early months of the pandemic and companies are now showing some signs to relent. In times of disaster, however, it is paramount that the private sector go beyond showcasing their empathy and truly become socially responsible by allocating their funds to proven prevention and control measures. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

A unified approach for assessing heterogeneity in age–period–cohort model parameters using random effects

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Chernyavskiy ◽  
Mark P Little ◽  
Philip S Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Random Effects ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Cohort Model ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Period Effects ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Age–period–cohort models are a popular tool for studying population-level rates; for example, trends in cancer incidence and mortality. Age–period–cohort models decompose observed trends into age effects that correlate with natural history, period effects that reveal factors impacting all ages simultaneously (e.g. innovations in screening), and birth cohort effects that reflect differential risk exposures that vary across birth years. Methodology for the analysis of multiple population strata (e.g. ethnicity, cancer registry) within the age–period–cohort framework has not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we outline a general model for characterizing differences in age–period–cohort model parameters for a potentially large number of strata. Our model incorporates stratum-specific random effects for the intercept, the longitudinal age trend, and the model-based estimate of annual percent change (net drift), thereby enabling a comprehensive analysis of heterogeneity. We also extend the standard model to include quadratic terms for age, period, and cohort, along with the corresponding random effects, which quantify possible stratum-specific departures from global curvature. We illustrate the utility of our model with an application to metastatic prostate cancer incidence (2004–2013) in non-Hispanic white and black men, using 17 population-based cancer registries in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program.

scholarly journals EPIDEMIOLOGY AND SURVIVAL OF PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANT TUMORS OF THE BRAIN (C71). POPULATION-BASED STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 489-499
Author(s):  
Vakhtang Merabishvili ◽  
Kalyango Kennet ◽  
M. Valkov ◽  
Andrey Dyachenko
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Brain

Malignant neoplasms of the brain (BMN) in accordance with the international classification of the diseases (ICD-10) belong to the rubric C71. However, in the world and Russia it is customary to understand this term as the entire block of localizations related to the brain - rubrics C70-71. The topographic codes C70 (meninges), C71 (brain) and C72 (spinal cord, cranial nerves and other parts of the central nervous system) make up a small proportion among MN in general. In addition, all the summary data WHO-IARC and Russia as a rule aggregate the CNS tumors under the three heading ICD - 10 (ICDO-3) C70-72. With the developments in Russia of the system of Population cancer registries, it became possible to study the patterns of dynamics of incidence and to calculate the survival rate of patients with malignant necrosis in each ICD-10 section. This study presents the population-based analysis of incidence and mortality from BMN using available sources and, for the first time in Russia, the analysis of the dynamics of the survival among the patients with BMN under the rubric C71 is performed.

Distribution and Clustering of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma (CTCL) Cases in Canada During 1992 to 2010

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feras M. Ghazawi ◽  
Elena Netchiporouk ◽  
Elham Rahme ◽  
Matthew Tsang ◽  
Linda Moreau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
T Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Maritime Provinces ◽  
Independent Population ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Background: Clustering of patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) was reported in several jurisdictions around the world. This rare cancer is known to affect spouses and in some cases multiple members of the same family. These combined results suggest the existence of external disease triggers/promoters. We recently conducted the first comprehensive analysis of CTCL incidence and mortality in Canada, which revealed case clustering in several regions. Objectives: To extend our previous analysis on CTCL incidence across Canada and to provide all the collected data on CTCL patient incidence in Canada during the period of 1992 to 2010. Methods: Clinical parameters for patients with CTCL in Canada were analyzed using 2 independent population-based cancer registries: Canadian Cancer Registry and Le Registre Québécois du Cancer. The CTCL incidence rates were examined on different geographical levels, including provinces/territories, cities, and forward sortation areas. Results: Our findings further corroborate our earlier observations of higher CTCL incidence in Newfoundland and Labrador, maritime provinces (Nova Scotia and New Brunswick), and prairie provinces (Manitoba and Saskatchewan). Also, most cities with high CTCL incidence were located in these provinces. Extensive mapping of high-incidence postal codes supports case clustering in a number of communities that are located in the proximity of industrial centres and seaports. Conclusions: Detailed analysis of CTCL incidence in Canada is critical to fully understand the burden of this disease in our country, to begin the search for a possible external trigger for this lymphoma, and to reform how health care resources are distributed throughout the country to better serve Canadian patients with CTCL.

scholarly journals Temporal trends in incidence and mortality rates of laryngeal cancer at the global, regional and national levels, 1990–2017

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e050387
Author(s):  
Jing-Yuan Wang ◽  
Qiang-Wei Zhang ◽  
Kaixue Wen ◽  
Chen Wang ◽  
Xiaolin Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laryngeal Cancer ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Incident Cases

ObjectivesLaryngeal cancer is the most prevalent entity of head and neck cancer. Knowing the trends of incidence and mortality of laryngeal cancer is important for the reduction in related disease burden.DesignPopulation-based observational study.Main outcomes and measuresThe incidence and mortality data of laryngeal cancer were retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease study 2017 online database. The estimated average percentage change was used to quantify the trends of laryngeal cancer incidence and mortality at the global, regional and national levels.ResultsGlobally, the numbers of incident cases and deaths due to laryngeal cancer increased 58.7% and 33.9%, respectively, from 1990 to 2017. However, the overall age-standardised incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardised mortality rate decreased by 0.99% (95% CI 0.83% to 1.14%) and 1.62% (95% CI 1.50% to 1.74%) per year, respectively. These decreases were ubiquitous worldwide. However, unfavourable trends in the ASIR of laryngeal cancer were also observed in a total of 51 developing countries.ConclusionsThe incidence and mortality rates of laryngeal cancer have significantly decreased at the global level and in most countries over the past three decades. The regions that showed an increasing incidence trend deserve more attention.

scholarly journals Ensuring confidentiality and safety of cancer registry data in Kumasi, Ghana

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis O. Laryea ◽  
Fred K. Awittor
Keyword(s):  
Data Management ◽  
Cancer Registry ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Registry Data ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Confidentiality Agreement

ObjectiveTo discuss the implementation of confidentiality practices at theKumasi Cancer Registry.IntroductionCancer registration involves collecting information on patientswith cancer. Population-based cancer registries in particular areuseful in estimating the disease burden and to inform the institutionof prevention and control measures. Collecting personal informationon patients with cancer requires strict adherence to principles ofconfidentiality to ensure the safety of the collected data. Failure mayhave legal and medical implications. The Kumasi Cancer Registrywas established as a population-based cancer Registry in 2012. Theregistry collects data on cases of cancer occurring among residentsof the Kumasi Metropolitan area of Ghana. Issues bordering onconfidentiality were an integral part of the establishment of theregistry. We discuss the implementation of confidentiality plansduring the four years of existence of the Kumasi Cancer Registry.MethodsThe registry has a designed abstraction form which is used to collectdata. Data sources for the Registry are all major hospitals in Kumasiproviding cancer treatment services. Data sources also include privatepathology laboratories and the Births and Deaths Registry. Trainedresearch assistants collect data from the folders of patients. This isfollowed by coding and then entering into the Canreg 5 software.Coded and entered into the Canreg5 software for management andanalysis. After data entry, the forms are filed in order of registrynumbers as generated by the canreg5 software for easy reference.ResultsConfidentiality of KsCR data is ensured through the followingmeasures. The signing of a confidentiality agreement by all registrystaff. The confidentiality agreement spells out terms for the releaseof data to third parties in particular but even staff of the variousfacilities. The agreement also spells out the consequences of a breachof any of the clauses. No direct contact is made with patients duringthe process of abstraction of data by registrars. The data abstractionforms are kept in a secured safe in the registry office. The computersthat house the registry data are password enabled and are changedon a regular basis to ensure security. The Canreg5 software usedfor electronic data management also has individual profiles withpasswords for all registrars and supervisors. The scope of accessto Canreg data is limited by the profile status of the respectivestaff members. Supervisors have full access to all data includingsummarized reports. Registrars have limited access mostly restrictedto data entry. Access to the registry office is restricted to registry staffand other personnel authorized by the Registry Manager or Director.An established Registry Advisory Board is responsible for assessingrequests and approval of data from the registry. Where files have tobe sent electronically, they are password protected and sent in severalparts in separate emails.ConclusionsDespite the potential challenges to maintaining confidentialityof data in developing outcries, evidence from four years of cancerdata management in Kumasi suggests stringent measure can ensureconfidentiality. The use of multiple measures to ensure confidentialityis essential in surveillance data management

scholarly journals Cancer incidence and mortality in the Bucaramanga metropolitan area, 2003-2007

2012 ◽  
pp. 290-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Janeth Uribe ◽  
Sonia Osma ◽  
Victor Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Population Based ◽  
World Population ◽  
Worldwide Population ◽  
Limited Effectiveness ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Incident Cases

Introduction: Cancer is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Population-based cancer registries (PB­CRs) make possible to estimate the burden of this condition. Objetive: To estimate cancer incidence and mortality rates in the Bucaramanga Metropolitan Area (BMA) during 2003-2007. Methods: Incident cases of invasive cancer diagnosed during 2003-2007 were identified from the Bucaramanga Metropolitan Area PBCR (BMA-PBCR). Population counts and mortality were obtained from the Colombian National Administrative De­partment of Statistics (NADS). We estimated total and cancer-specific crude incidence and mortality rates by age group and sex, as well as age-standardized (Segi’s world population) incidence (ASIR[W]) and mortality (ASMR[W]) rates. Statistical analyses were conducted using CanReg4 and Stata/IC 10.1. Results: We identified 8,225 new cases of cancer excluding non-melanoma skin cancer (54.3% among women). Of all cases, 6,943 (84.4%) were verified by microscopy and 669 (8.1%) were detected only by death certificate. ASIR(W) for all invasive cancers was 162.8 per 100,000 women and 177.6 per 100,000 men. Breast, cervix, colorectal, stomach and thyroid were the most common types of cancer in women. In men, the corresponding malignancies were prostate, stomach, colorectal, lung and lymphoma. ASMR(W) was 84.5 per 100,000 person-years in women and 106.2 per 100,000 person-years in men. Breast and stomach cancer ranked first as causes of death in those groups, respectively. Conclusion: Overall, mortality rates in our region are higher than national estimates possibly due to limited effectiveness of secondary prevention strategies. Our work emphasizes the importance of maintaining high-quality, nationwide PBCRs.

EPID-11. A POPULATION STUDY OF CLINICAL TRIAL ACCRUAL FOR WOMEN AND MINORITIES IN NEURO-ONCOLOGY FOLLOWING THE NIH REVITALIZATION ACT

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi88-vi88
Author(s):  
Sheantel Reihl ◽  
Nirav Patil ◽  
Ramin Morshed ◽  
Mulki Mehari ◽  
alexander Aabedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Population Based ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Clinical Trial Accrual ◽  
Expected Mortality ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract INTRODUCTION The NIH Revitalization Act, implemented 29 years ago, set to improve the representation of women and minorities in clinical trials. In this study, we investigate the progress made in neuro-oncology in all phase therapeutic clinical trials for neuro-epithelial central nervous system tumors in comparison to their demographic-specific age-adjusted disease incidence and mortality. METHODS Registry study of all published clinical trials for World Health Organization (WHO) defined neuro-epithelial CNS tumors between January 2000 and December 2019. Study participants for trials were obtained from PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov. Population-based data from the CBTRUS for incidence analyses. SEER-18 Incidence-Based Mortality data was used for mortality analysis. Descriptive statistics, Fisher exact, and c2 tests were used to analyze the data. RESULTS Among 662 published clinical trial articles representing 49, 907 accrued participants, 62.5% of study participants were men and 37.5% were women (P< 0.0001) representing a mortality specific over-accrual for men (P= 0.001) and under-accrual for women (P= 0.001). Whites, Asians, Blacks, and Hispanics represented 91.7%, 1.5%, 2.6%, and 1.7% of trial participants. Compared with their US cancer mortality, Blacks (47% of expected mortality, P=.008), Hispanics (17% of expected mortality, P< .001) and Asians (33% of expected mortality, P< .001) were underrepresented compared with Whites (114% of expected mortality, P< .001). CONCLUSIONS Nearly 30 years since the Revitalization Act, minorities and women are consistently underrepresented when compared with their demographic-specific incidence and mortality in therapeutic clinical trials for neuroepithelial tumors. This study provides a framework for investigating cancer clinical trial accrual and offers guidance regarding workforce factors associated with enrollment of vulnerable patients.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document