scholarly journals Pengaruh Suhu dan Jenis Perekat Terhadap Kualitas Biobriket dari Ampas Kopi dengan Metode Torefaksi

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Vibianti Dwi Pratiwi ◽  
Iman Mukhaimin
Keyword(s):  
Calorific Value ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Class E

<p class="E-JOURNALAbstractBody">Penggunaan energi biomassa sebagai sumber energi alternatif terbarukan diupayakan untuk mengurangi emisi CO<sub>2</sub>. Ampas kopi merupakan limbah biomassa yang dihasilkan dari proses produksi yang digunakan sebagai raw material dalam pembuatan biobriket. Limbah biomassa mempunyai calorific value yang relatif tinggi jika diolah menjadi biobriket dengan perekat. Jenis perekat yang digunakan adalah tepung tapioka dan getah pinus dengan komposisi tepung tapioka yang digunakan 0%, 10% dan 20% sedangkan jumlah perekat getah pinus 0%, 10%, 20%, dan 40%. Dengan mengetahui pengaruh jenis dan jumlah perekat dalam pembuatan biobriket menggunakan metode torefaksi, diharapkan limbah ampas kopi dapat menjadi biomassa sebagai energi alternatif. Penelitian dilakukan pada suhu torefaksi yaitu 200 <sup><span lang="EN-US">o</span></sup>C, 250 <sup><span lang="EN-US">o</span></sup>C dan 300 <sup><span lang="EN-US">o</span></sup>C. Suhu torefaksi yang optimal untuk pembuatan biobriket dari ampas kopi adalah 300 <sup><span lang="EN-US">o</span></sup>C dengan perekat getah pinus 40% yang menghasilkan biobriket lebih padat dan tidak mudah hancur dengan nilai kalori sebesar 6124 kal/gr.</p>

scholarly journals Production of biodiesel from Annona muricata seeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 01011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wai-Leong Wong ◽  
Waye-Hong Lim ◽  
Jet Si ◽  
Man-Kee Lam ◽  
Yeek-Chia Ho
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Fuel Quality ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Temperature Time

Biodiesel is one of the effective alternative fuels to overcome the problems associated with environmental issues and energy crisis. However, the production of biodiesel from edible oil has provoked the food versus fuel dispute. Thus, a non-edible crop, Annona muricata, is selected as the raw material to produce oil for biodiesel production. In this study, A. muricata oil was extracted with n-hexane at 70 °C for 6 h. Subsequently, the oil was transesterified with methanol and potassium hydroxide (KOH) to produce biodiesel. The significance of transesterification parameters including temperature, time, catalyst concentration, and oil-to-methanol ratio on biodiesel yield (%) was established through two-level factorial design. The factorial design shows that all parameters are significant. Besides, the high content of monounsaturated fatty acid (oleic acid) in the resultant biodiesel suggests that A. muricata biodiesel could display good fuel quality. This hypothesis is proven by the excellent calorific value (39.21 MJ kg-1).

scholarly journals Influence of storage on the physical and chemical properties of Scots pine bark

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Routa ◽  
Hanna Brännström ◽  
Jarkko Hellström ◽  
Juha Laitila
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Buffer Storage ◽  
Delivery Times ◽  
Biomass Logistics ◽  
Valuable Compounds

Abstract Bark is currently used mainly to produce energy, but the extraction of valuable compounds before combustion offers an interesting cascading use for debarking biomass. Buffer storage is an inevitable part of bark biomass logistics, but substantial dry matter and extractive losses can degrade the properties and reduce the economic value of the raw material during storage. In this study, moisture and ash content, calorific value, and extractives content and composition of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) sawmill bark were determined over 2 months of buffer storage, and the change in energy content during storage was calculated. The results showed that the energy content (MWh m−3) of the bark increased 3% during storage, while at the same time the moisture content decreased 16%. The content of acetone-soluble extractives decreased markedly, with only 56% of the original amount remaining after 8 weeks of storage. In particular, hydrophilic, phenolic extractive compounds were rapidly lost after debarking and piling of the bark. About 60% of condensed tannins (CT) and about 26% of the quantified lipophilic compounds were lost after 2 weeks of storage. The fastest rate of decrease and the most significant changes in extractives content and composition occurred within the first 2 weeks of storage. Utilization of these valuable compounds necessitates fast supply of material for further processing after debarking. The comprehensive utilization of bark requires efficiency at all levels of the supply chain to ensure that tree delivery times are kept short and loss of bark is avoided during harvest and transport.

Thermal Energy and Ignition Propagation Estimates of Watermelon Peel Briquettes

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
A.R. Ige ◽  
C.M. Elinge ◽  
L.G. Hassan ◽  
D.R. Akinkuotu ◽  
O.J. Ajakaye
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Propagation Properties

The idea of utilizing biomass as renewable energy source is appealing due to its accessibility, cheapness and ecological friendliness. Briquette is an alternative source of fuel to firewood and charcoal which can avoid some environmental problems that can be generated from their use. Briquettes were produced from watermelon peels with cassava starch and gum Arabic as binders, the two binders were chosen because they are naturally abundant in rural communities. The briquettes produced have favourable thermal and ignition propagation properties which are contributed by the initial raw material (watermelon peels) properties such as density, calorific value, resistance to humidity, moisture content, ash content etc. It can be concluded that the higher the ignition propagation the higher the thermal energy of the briquettes.

scholarly journals KARATERISTIK TANAH GAMBUT SEBAGAI ENERGI ALTERNATIF

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Ghofur ◽  
Aqli Mursadin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Alternative Energy Source ◽  
Key Word

Berdasarkan ketersediaan sumber daya gambut yang besar di Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan, maka peluang untuk memanfaatkan potensi tanah gambut sebagai sumber energi alternatif sangat besar. Sumber energi yang didapat dari minyak, gas bumi, dan batubara sedikit demi sedikit berkurang, sehingga perlu dicarikan sumber energi alternatif. Peneliti Lahan Gambut dari Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rawa Pertanian (Balittra) Banjarbaru, Dr Muhammad Noor dalam berita Banjarmasin post tanggal 24 Nopember 2005 tentang “PLN Melirik Lahan Gambut”  menjelaskan, dalam gambut memang terdapat energi yang dapat membangkitkan tenaga listrik, energi yang terdapat dalam gambut cukup tinggi yakni sekitar 5.000 kilo kalori per kilogram. Di Kalsel, keberadaannya setara dengan 65 miliar barel minyak bumi atau sebesar 10 juta barel per tahun energi yang dihasilkan.  Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut beberapa perumusan masalah  dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana usaha untuk melakukan tanah gambut untuk menjadi sumber energi alternatif  yang berkualitas dan  mudah digunakan,  bagimana karateristik tanah gambut sebagai sumber energi alternatif. Salah  satu  cara  untuk mengoptimalkan potensi gambut adalah memanfaatkannya sebagai bahan baku dalam pembuatan briket yang dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan bakar altematif  .  Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah a) memanfaatkan ketersediaan sumber daya alam dengan menggunakan tanah gambut sebagai energi alternatif  dan b ) mengetahui Nilai kalori, berat jenis, kadar air dan kadar abu di wilayah studi. Tanah gambut yang digunakan sebagai  bahan baku untuk energi alternatif  berasal  dari Desa Gambut Kabupaten Banjar.  Prosedur pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan terhadap karateristik tanah  gambut diwilayah studi  sebagai sumber energi. Dari hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa untuk tanah gambut di Desa Gambut Kec. Gambut bisa   untuk digunakan sebagai bahan bakar alternatif dengan  teknologi pembriketan. Dengan nilai Kadar Air  0,10%, Kadar Abu 72,65%, berat jenis 2,11 Gs dengan nilai kalori 579,2 cal/g bisa digunakan sebagai bahan  bakar alternatif. Key word : energi alternatif, nilai kalori, tanah gambut. Based on the availability of large peat resources in the province of South Kalimantan, the opportunity to utilize the potential of peat soil as an alternative energy source is very large. Energy sources derived from oil, natural gas, and coal gradually diminish, so alternative energy sources are needed. Peatland Researchers from the Agricultural Swamp Research Institute (Balittra) Banjarbaru, Dr. Muhammad Noor in the Banjarmasin post on November 24, 2005 on "PLN Looking at Peatlands" explained that in peat there is indeed energy that can generate electricity, energy contained in peat quite high at around 5,000 kilos of calories per kilogram. In South Kalimantan, its existence is equivalent to 65 billion barrels of oil or 10 million barrels per year of energy produced. Based on this background, several formulations of the problem in this study are how to make peat soils to be a quality alternative energy source that is easy to use, how the characteristics of peat soil as an alternative energy source. One way to optimize the potential of peat is to use it as a raw material in making briquettes that can be used as alternative fuels. The purpose of this study is a) utilizing the availability of natural resources by using peat soil as alternative energy and b) knowing the calorific value, specific gravity, moisture content and ash content in the study area. Peat soil used as raw material for alternative energy comes from the Gambut Village of Banjar Regency. The procedure for conducting research was carried out on the characteristics of peat soil in the study area as an energy source. From the results of this study indicate that for peat soil in the village of Gambut Kec. Peat can be used as an alternative fuel with briquette technology. With a value of 0.10% moisture content, ash content 72.65%, specific gravity of 2.11 Gs with a calorific value of 579.2 cal / g can be used as an alternative fuel. Key word: alternative energy, calorific value, peat soil.

scholarly journals ENHANCEMENT OF THE CALORIFIC VALUE OF EM1707PTY FRUIT BUNCH (EFB) BY ADDING MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE AS SOLID FUEL IN GASIFICATION PROCESS

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-20
Author(s):  
Amadou Dioulde Donghol Diallo ◽  
Ma’an Fahmi Rashid Alkhatib ◽  
Md Zahangir Alam ◽  
Maizirwan Mel
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Gasification Process

Empty fruit bunch (EFB), a biomass-based waste, was deemed a potential replacement for fossil fuel. It is renewable and carbon neutral. The efficient management of this potential energy will help to deal with the problem associated with fossil fuels. However, a key parameter for evaluating the quality of raw material (EFB) as a fuel in energy applications is the calorific value (CV). When this CV is low, then its potential utilization as feedstock will be restricted. To tackle this shortcoming, we propose to add municipal solid waste to enhance energetic value. Thus, two major issues will be solved: managing solid residues and contributing an alternative energy source. This study aimed to investigate the possibility of mixing EFB and municipal solid waste (MSW) to make clean energy that is conscious of the environment (climate change) and sustainable development. The selected MSW, comprising of plastics, textiles, foam, and cardboard, were mixed, with EFB at various ratios. Proximate analysis was used to determine moisture content, ash, volatiles, and fixed carbon, whilst elemental analysis, is used to determine CHNS/O for MSW, EFB and their various mixtures. The CV of each element was also measured. The research revealed a significant increase in the calorific value of EFB by mixing it with MSW according to MSW/EFB ratios: 0.25; 0.42; 0.66; 1.00 and 1.50 the corresponding calorific values in (MJ/kg) were 19.77; 21.22; 22.67; 27.04 and 28.47 respectively. While the calorific value of pure EFB was 16.86 MJ/kg, the mixing of EFB with MSW promoted the increase in the CV of EFB to an average of 23.83MJ/kg. Another potential environmental benefit of applying this likely fuel was the low chlorine (0.21 wt. % to 0.95 wt. %) and sulfur concentrations (0.041 wt. % to 0.078 wt.%). This potential fuel could be used as solid refuse fuel (SRF) or refuse-derived fuel (RDF) in a pyrolysis or gasification process with little to no environmental effects. ABSTRAK: Tandan buah kosong (EFB), sisa berasaskan biojisim, adalah berpotensi sebagai pengganti bahan bakar fosil. Ia boleh diperbaharui dan karbon neutral. Pengurusan berkesan pada potensi tenaga ini dapat membantu mengatasi masalah melibatkan bahan bakar fosil. Namun, kunci parameter bagi menilai kualiti bahan mentah (EFB) sebagai bahan bakar dalam aplikasi tenaga adalah nilai kalori (CV). Apabila CV rendah, potensi menjadi stok suapan adalah terhad. Sebagai penyelesaian, kajian ini mencadangkan sisa pepejal bandaran ditambah bagi meningkatkan nilai tenaga. Oleh itu, dua isu besar dapat diselesaikan: mengurus sisa pepejal dan menambah sumber tenaga alternatif. Kajian ini bertujuan mengkaji potensi campuran tandan buah kosong (EFB) dan sisa pepejal bandaran (MSW) bagi menghasilkan tenaga bersih dari sudut persekitaran (perubahan iklim) dan pembangunan lestari. Pemilihan MSW, terdiri daripada plastik, tekstil, gabus dan kadbod, dicampurlan dengan pelbagai nisbah EFB. Analisis proksimat telah digunakan bagi mendapatkan  kandungan kelembapan, abu, ruapan, dan karbon tetap, manakala analisis asas telah digunakan bagi mendapatkan CHNS/O bersama MSW, EFB dan pelbagai campuran lain. Nilai kalori (CV) setiap elemen turut diukur. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan penambahan ketara dalam nilai kalori EFB dengan campuran bersama MSW berdasarkan nisbah MSW/EFB 0.25; 0.42; 0.66; 1.00 dan 1.50 nilai kalori sepadan (MJ/kg) adalah 19.77; 21.22; 22.67; 27.04 dan 28.47 masing-masing. Manakala nilai kalori EFB tulen adalah 16.86 MJ/kg, campuran EFB dan MSW menunjukkan kenaikan CV dengan EFB pada purata 23.83MJ/kg. Antara potensi semula jadi lain adalah dengan mencampurkan bahan bakar ini dengan kalori rendah (0.21 wt. % kepada 0.95 wt. %) dan kepekatan sulfur (0.041 wt. % kepada 0.078 wt.%). Bahan bakar ini berpotensi sebagai bahan bakar pepejal sampah (SRF) atau bahan bakar yang terhasil dari pepejal sampah (RDF) melalui proses pirolisis atau proses gasifikasi yang sedikit atau tiada kesan langsung terhadap persekitaran.

scholarly journals Thermochemical conversion of grinded pressed plant biomass

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.А. Спицын ◽  
И.И. Белоусов ◽  
Т.Б. Турсунов ◽  
В.А. Хен
Keyword(s):  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Thermochemical Conversion ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Adsorption Activity ◽  
Liquid Biofuel

Рассмотрены аппарат уплотнения с частичной химической переработкой сырья и инновационная технология получения гранулированного активированного углеродсодержащего продукта и жидкого биотоплива методом уплотнения (пеллетирования) предварительно измельченного сырья, ускоренного гидролиза, пиролиза, с последующей активацией. Приведены результаты апробации технологии на стендовых установках и аппаратах. Показано, что по- лученные гранулы соответствуют основным показателям отечественных и за- рубежных стандартов на пеллеты из растительного сырья. В процессе произ- водства протекает химическая модификация исходного сырья, на что указывает повышенное значение содержания лигнина в образцах. При проведении пиро- лиза полученных пеллет производятся гранулированный углистый остаток, жидкое биотопливо и горючая парогазовая смесь. Из гранулированного угли- стого остатка получены активированные угли, имеющие адсорбционную активность по йоду, сравнимую с древесным углем марки ДАК. Одним из направлений дальнейших исследований является подбор различных добавок в сырье перед проведением уплотнения и грануляции для улучшения свойств пеллет, в частности повышения теплотворной способности и уменьшения зольности. Однако наиболее интересное направление использования уплотненных отходов растительной биомассы в виде пеллет – в качестве сырья для термохи- мической переработки с целью получения энергетически плотных продуктов, в частности пиролиза. Исследование показало целесообразность разработки единой автономной технологии переработки отходов растительной биомассы с по- лучением конкурентно-способных товарных продуктов: гранулированных активированных углей, жидкого биотоплива, а также парогазовой смеси с достаточной теплотворной способностью для обеспечения работы специальных топочных устройств. The paper deals with the sealing machine with partial chemical processing of raw materials and the innovative technology for obtaining granular activated carbon- containing product and liquid biofuel by the method of compaction (pelletizing) of pre-crushed raw materials, accelerated hydrolysis, pyrolysis and subsequent activation. The results of approbation of the technology on bench installations and devices are presented. It is shown that the obtained pellets correspond to the main indicators of domestic and foreign standards for pellets from vegetable raw materials. In the production process, a chemical modification of the feedstock takes place, as indicat- ed by the increased value of lignin content in the samples. When pyrolysis of the pellets is produced, a granular carbonaceous residue, liquid biofuel, and a combustible gas-vapor mixture are produced. From the granular carbonaceous residue, activated carbons with an adsorption activity of iodine comparable to charcoal of the DAK brand were obtained. One of the directions of further research is the selection of various additives into the raw material before compaction and granulation to improve the properties of pellets, in particular, to increase the calorific value and to reduce ash content. However, the most interesting direction of using compacted biomass res- idue in the form of pellets is to use as a raw material for thermochemical processing in order to obtain energetically dense products, in particular pyrolysis. The work showed the expediency of developing a single autonomous technology for plant biomass residues processing with the production of competitive commodity products: granular activated carbons, liquid biofuel, as well as steam-gas sweep with sufficient calorific value to ensure the operation of special combustion devices.

scholarly journals Production of briquettes from Indonesia agricultural biomass waste by using pyrolysis process and comparing the characteristics

Eksergi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Sri Wahyu Murni ◽  
Tutik Muji Setyoningrum ◽  
Muhamad Maulana Azimatun Nur
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Pressing Pressure ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Stem Wood

Indonesia biomass waste is a potential feedstock as a source of renewable energy since it can be converted into carcoal briquettes. However, the production of the briquettes using pyrolysis process using the agricultural waste was lacking. In this research, briquette was made from palm shells,  corncob and soybean stem wood due to its high availability and have high cellulose content. The purpose of this research was to produce briquettes from three kind of raw materials by employing pyrolysis process and compared the characteristics. The briquette was made from different type of raw materials (palm shells, corncob and soybean stem) and  the concentration of binder : 3-7 %. Pyrolysis was done at  500 °C, and 100 kg / cm2 of pressing pressure. Results showed that, the best charcoal briquette was achieved from palm shells by using 5% binder, which resulted 4,1% moisture content, 3.4% ash content,  15% volatile matter content, 77.5% carbon content,  7075 cal/g calorific value and  1.4 kg/cm2 compresive strength. It is found that the concentration of binder and raw material influenced the quality of the briquettes. In overall, the production of the briquettes by employing pyrolysis method could meet the standard.

scholarly journals The Dependence of Cocksfoot Productivity of Liming and Nitrogen Application and the Assessment of Qualitative Parameters and Environmental Impact Using Biomass for Biofuels

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 8208
Author(s):  
Gintaras Šiaudinis ◽  
Algirdas Jasinskas ◽  
Danutė Karčauskienė ◽  
Egidijus Šarauskis ◽  
Kristina Lekavičienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Softening Temperature ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Efficiency ◽  
Technological Parameters

In order to evaluate the liming and nitrogen efficiency of cocksfoot (Dactylisglomerata L.) productivity, a field experiment was performed in Western Lithuania’s naturally acidic Retisol area (55°43′ N, 21°27′ E). Based on seven years of research data, dry mass (DM) yield (including first and second cuttings) reliably varied depending on the growing year, from 4.57 to 7.34 t ha−1. The most significant and positive impact on DM yield was obtained by the application of higher liming (6.0 t ha−1 CaCO3) and nitrogen (120 kg ha−1) rates. Liming utilization efficiency (LUE) was affected by the year of growth (although not always significantly), with a 6.0 t ha−1 CaCO3 liming rate and nitrogen fertilization. Nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUE) varied depending on the growing year and N fertilization rate. One of the most effective solutions for improving cocksfoot biomass is to prepare pressed granulated biofuel, which is potentially a good quality raw material for the direct combustion process. The execution and evaluation of technological parameters and properties of produced pellets revealed that cocksfoot pellet humidity reached 10.0% ± 0.6%, whereas pellet density was sufficiently high, and reached 983.8 ± 22.9 kgm−3 DM. The lower calorific value of cocksfoot pellets reached 17.7 MJkg−1. Ash content after pellet burning was relatively high, reaching 7.0–7.6%. Pellet ash melting temperatures were sufficiently high, with ash softening temperature (ST) reaching 1065 °C. Determined emissions of harmful gases from the burning of cocksfoot pellets (CO2, CO, SO2, NOx and unburnt hydrocarbons CxHy) did not exceed the permissible limits.

Biomass Pellets from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OP-EFB)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
Rahman Farhan Aditya
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Binder Ratio ◽  
Binder Concentration

Oil Palm growths in Indonesia are getting higher every year. Oil palm plantationproduced various waste, including oil palm empty fruit bunches (OP-EFB). 95 % Indonesia energy demand still provided by the fossil fuel and only 5 % provided by renewable energy, which provide opportunity of OP-EFB biomass pellets to be utilized as alternative resource. The research of biomass still low, especially research of OP-EFB biomass pellets. Therefore, the research objectives were to determine the production process of OP-EFB and to define the most effective binder and binder ratio for the biomass pellets. This research experiments  consist of shredding, chopping, drying, grinding, and sieving as raw material pretreatment. Also, varying the binder and binder concentration of the mixture between raw materials was the part of this thesis research. The binders used in this thesis research are PVAC paste and tapioca based paste with 4 variations of concentration. The analyses of the biomass pellets characteristic are density,compressive strength, proximate analysis (moisture, ash, volatile matter, and fixed carbon), calorific value, combustion rate, and gas chromatographic & mass spectroscopy (GCMS). The result shows that OP-EFB biomass pellets are qualified to be considered as biomass pellets. The most effective OP-EFB biomass pellets is biomass pellets with 10% tapioca binder concentration.

scholarly journals Biological Waste Management in the Case of a Pandemic Emergency and Other Natural Disasters. Determination of Bioenergy Production from Floricultural Waste and Modeling of Methane Production Using Deep Neural Modeling Methods

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 3014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Frankowski ◽  
Maciej Zaborowicz ◽  
Jacek Dach ◽  
Wojciech Czekała ◽  
Jacek Przybył
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Bioenergy Production ◽  
Plant Cultivation ◽  
Thermophilic Fermentation ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Effective Use

In relation to the situation caused by the pandemic, which may also take place in the future, there is a need to find effective solutions to improve the economic situation of the floristry industry. The production and sale of flowers is time-consuming and long-term. Therefore, any information that causes the impossibility of selling the plants will result in a reduction of profitability or bankruptcy of such companies. Research on rationally utilizing biowaste from plant cultivation as well as unsold flowers for environmental protection and effective use of their potential as a raw material for bioenergy production were examined in this article. The aim of this study was to analyze the energetic potential of the biodegradable fraction of waste from floriculture. The trials included floricultural waste containing the stems, leaves and flowers of different species and hybrid tulips (Tulipa L.), roses (Rosa L.), sunflowers (Helianthus L.) and chrysanthemums (Dendranthema Des Moul.). Their biogas and methane production as well as heat of combustion were determined experimentally. The calorific value was calculated on the basis of results from selected floricultural waste and its chemical composition. The biogas production was tested on different levels of plant material fragmentation (chaff, macerate) in fermentation processes with two ranges of temperature (meso- and thermophilic fermentation). The presented results show that the highest calorific values were determined for dry stems of roses (18,520 kJ/kg) and sunflowers (18,030 kJ/kg). In turn, the lowest were obtained for dried chrysanthemums and tulips, for which the heating value reached 15,560 kJ/kg and 15,210 kJ/kg. In addition, based on one ton of the fresh mass of biowaste from floriculture, the largest biogas production including the control was obtained from the chrysanthemum chaff by mesophilic anaerobic digestion. Moreover, the largest volume of methane was received by thermophilic anaerobic digestion of roses. The highest content of biomethane (56.68%) was reached by thermophilic fermentation of roses. The energy production of the analyzed substrates was also calculated, based on the amount of biogas produced in the containers for anaerobic digestion. Additionally, a deep neural network model, which predicted the production of methane gas, was created. Owing to the properties of the network, the level of significance of variables used for modelling and prediction of biogas production was determined. The neural modelling process was carried out with the use of the H2O program.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document