scholarly journals Migration of the Russian Arctic population: models, routes, results

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-18
Author(s):  
V.V. Fauzer ◽  
◽  
A.V. Smirnov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Arctic ◽  
Population Migration ◽  
Population Movement ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Migration Routes ◽  
Urban Districts ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Migration Dynamics ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Migration Theories

Population migration continues to be the main factor affecting the population dynamics in the Russian Arctic. The article discusses the theoretical provisions that reveal the essence of population migration, presents the main migration theories that explain the mobility of the population in the Arctic conditions. The object of the study is 75 urban and municipal districts of the Russian Arctic. The research focuses on the population migration and its impact on the population of the Russian Arctic. The authors propose a method for studying migration processes by analyzing municipal statistics and directions of movement based on social network data. The method reveals the main migration flows and patterns of population movement in the Arctic regions in 2012—2019. Based on the identified trends, the authors forecast migration dynamics and its impact on the population. Spatial analysis shows that current migration processes in the Arctic are the result of a complex combination of natural, historical, social and economic causes. Using data of the project “The virtual population of Russia”, the authors identify the main routes of population movement in the Arctic regions. The research reveals that residents of urban districts most often move to Moscow and St. Petersburg, and the ones of urban districts — to regional centers. The analysis shows that medium and large cities are of particular importance in migration processes. They are intermediate links of migration routes from the Arctic territories to federal and regional capitals located outside the Arctic. The authors describe three models of migration processes, depending on the age and sex composition of the migrating population and the stages of territory development.

THE STRUCTURE OF THE ECONOMIC SPACE OF THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 132-140
Author(s):  
E. A. KORCHAK ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
National Policy ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Economic Space ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Dominant Direction ◽  
Integrated Structures

The purpose of the study was to analyze the structure of the economic space of the Russian Arctic within the framework of determining the prospects for the economic development of the Arctic regions. The unevenness of the economic space of the Russian Arctic and the focus on the extraction and export of natural resources are determined. It is revealed that vertically integrated structures play a key role in the Russian Arctic. It is determined that the specific feature of this region is the ethnoeconomics, the long-term development of which is the dominant direction of the national policy in the field of agriculture of the Russian Arctic.

Pan-arctic glaciers volume changes over 1975-2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaury Dehecq ◽  
Alex Gardner ◽  
Romain Hugonnet ◽  
Joaquin Belart
Keyword(s):  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Glacier Mass Balance ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Elevation Change ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Digital Elevation

<p>Glaciers retreat contributed to about 1/3 of the observed sea level rise since 1971 (IPCC). However, long term estimates of glaciers volume changes rely on sparse field observations and region-wide satellite observations are available mostly after 2000. The now declassified images from the American reconnaissance satellite series Hexagon (KH-9), that acquired 6 m resolution stereoscopic images from 1971 to 1986, open new possibilities for glaciers observation.</p><p>Based on recently published methodology (Dehecq et al., 2020, doi: 10.3389/feart.2020.566802), we process all available KH-9 images over the Arctic (Canadian arctic, Iceland, Svalbard, Russian arctic) to generate Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) and ortho-images for the period 1974-1980. We validate the KH-9 DEMs over Iceland against elevation derived from historical aerial images acquired within a month from the satellite acquisition.</p><p>Finally, we calculate the glacier elevation change between the historical DEMs and modern elevation obtained from a time series of ASTER stereo images and validated against ICESat-2 elevation. The geodetic glacier mass balance is calculated for all pan-Arctic regions and analyzed with reference to the last 20 years evolution.</p>

scholarly journals Regions of the Russian Arctic Zone: State and Problems at the Beginning of the New Development Stage

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.14) ◽  
pp. 369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyubov Vasilievna Larchenko ◽  
Roman Aleksandrovich Kolesnikov
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
The State ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Regions Of Russia

In recent years, a new market trading in cryptocurrencies and instruments based on them has been formed. The market of This paper The goal of the study is to analyze the degree of differentiation of the Arctic regions of Russia by the key indicators of socioeconomic development, dependence of their economic development on the raw materials industries, which should be accounted to shape an efficient regional policy by the state and achieve the strategic goals for the reclamation and development of the Russian Arctic zone. The methodology of the study is based on a systematic approach to assessing the socioeconomic and sectoral differentiation of the Arctic regions of Russia. A set of general scientific and special research methods was used. The conducted analysis indicates that all the Arctic regions under study have a narrow raw materials nature of the economy, the sectoral structure is poorly differentiated. The policy of equalizing the per capita income and the cost of living in the Arctic regions with other regions of Russia largely determined the outflow of population from the northern regions. The state regional policy in relation to the Arctic regions should take into account their heterogeneity in order to achieve the results outlined in the strategic documents. 

Development of Tourism in the Arctic Zone and Its Impact on Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1642
Author(s):  
Marina L. BELONOZHKO ◽  
Oleg M. BARBAKOV ◽  
Anton L. ABRAMOVSKY
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Historical Resources ◽  
Almost All

For a long time, the Arctic was considered a territory not adapted for human life (“dead earth”), impassable either by water or by land due to the climate. Currently, not only scientists, but also ordinary travelers and tourists are going to the North Pole. Today, tourism in the Arctic is one of the rapidly developing areas in the past few years. Therefore, the authors studied the development of tourism in the Arctic and its impact on the environment. It has been established that the development of ecological, cultural, scientific, extreme tourism, sport hunting, fishing and cruises is relevant for the Arctic regions. It was determined that the main problem in the development of tourism in the Russian Arctic is the transport and logistics underdevelopment of the region. But, these territories are so rich in natural, cultural, historical resources that there is the possibility of developing almost all types of tourism.

scholarly journals Beyond Statistics: a Qualitative Study of Primary Sector Transformation in the Post-Soviet Russian Arctic

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-80
Author(s):  
Kirill A. GALUSTOV ◽  
◽  
Igor A. KHODACHEK ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Level ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
National Accounts ◽  
Expert Survey ◽  
Primary Sector ◽  
Arctic Regions

The Russian Arctic is at the epicentre of economic, environmental, and social changes. At the same time, the peripheral character of the territory, its strong orientation on primary sector makes the region extremely volatile to suchlike shifts. The study concerns primary sector transformation in the Post-Soviet period when after 1991 significant changes in the economy were observed. The main aim of the paper is to identify the specifics, features and development prospects of the recent primary sector transfor-mation in the Russian Arctic. The statistical methods do not reflect the full picture of the transformation. Firstly, Russia has switched to UN national accounts system only in 1994. Secondly, the Arctic statistics after 2009 for regional level is unavailable. That is why the main method of the research is the expert survey method. The results of the study demonstrate the dominant role of the primary sector and the strong dependence of Russian Arctic regions on these activities. The study identifies the key factors and drivers of the transformation, a specific position of the oil and gas sector and the role of natural resources to be traditionally used in the primary sector. Despite the positive role of economic diversification in the long-term economic development, the corresponding effect for the Arctic regions is not fully expressed. The methodological novelty of the research is an unconventional research method of investigating primary sector transformation on the regional level in the Post-Soviet Russian Arctic, i.e. the expert survey. The method can be applied to other countries and industries.

scholarly journals SYSTEMIC PROBLEMS OF TRANSPORT DEVELOPMENT IN THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A SEROVA ◽  
◽  
V.A SEROVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Complete Information ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Infrastructure Investments ◽  
Systemic Problems ◽  
Sparse Population

Purpose: to identify systemic problems in the development of transport infrastructure in the Russian Arctic. Methods: the analysis of the main trends and features of the development of the transport infrastructure of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF) in 2000-2018 was carried out. Trends in the development of road and rail transport are considered in the most detail. official statistics provides the most complete information only on them. To analyze the dynamics of the provision of land transport infrastructure in the Arctic regions, the Engel coefficient was used, since it is calculated taking into account the area and population size (this is an important circumstance for the Arctic regions, due to their extremely sparse population and the size of the territories). Results: it was revealed that, despite some positive trends, the transport infrastructure of the Russian Arctic is still characterized by a number of problems. Scientific novelty: it is substantiated that the objective difficulties in the development of transport infrastructure in the Arctic regions are caused not only by difficult natural and geographical conditions, but also by systematic underfunding of the transport industry and a lack of infrastructure investments, primarily in socially significant projects that provide intraregional and interregional transport links. Practical significance: the main provisions and conclusions of the article can be used in scientific and teaching activities, as well as by public authorities in the preparation of target-oriented documents for the development of the transport infrastructure of the Arctic regions.

scholarly journals Digitalization in Education and Distance Barriers in the Russian Arctic: Problems and Prospects

2021 ◽  
pp. 144-160
Author(s):  
Natalya V. DYADIK ◽  
◽  
Anastasiya N. CHAPARGINA ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Active Dissemination ◽  
Labor Resources ◽  
Impact Of Urbanization ◽  
The Impact

In the era of digital technologies, the issues of providing highly qualified personnel, the effective use of the intellectual potential of the territory and the creation of conditions for its reproduction are of particular importance. These problems are more acute in remote areas of the Russian Arctic. This is due, firstly, to the ultradispersity of the settlement system in the Arctic of the Russian Federation, and, secondly, to the imbalance between the demand and supply of labor resources in territorial and professional terms. Digitalization has become an integral component of education all over the world; therefore, the purpose of this article is to assess the availability of education in the regions of the Russian Arctic and to search for new targets for quality education in the context of digital transformation. The existing educational environment in the Arctic regions is analyzed in the article. The impact of urbanization degree on affordable education in remote Arctic regions is assessed. The financial capabilities of the population are investigated. Based on the analysis, a number of problems associated with the active dissemination of new technologies are identified. Recommendations for improving the educational process are given, taking into account the digitalization of society. The main stages of modernization of the educational process in remote regions of the Arctic are identified.

scholarly journals Territorial educational segment as an object of assessment of the functioning conditions of regional education systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 577-593
Author(s):  
Dmitriy G. Levites ◽  
◽  
Artem A. Punantsev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
General Nature ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Education Systems ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Regional Education

Introduction. The relevance of the study is due to the contradiction between common strategic objectives for the development of education in the Russian Arctic and the regional differences of their implementation. There is virtually no coordination of educational policy between the Arctic regions. The implementation of these objectives requires a certain scientific justification, which means that it involves the study of the general specifics of the education systems of the Arctic regions and the general external factors affecting their condition. The purpose of the study is to identify the factors of the Arctic territory the influence of which allows the Arctic education systems to form one educational segment. Materials and methods. Using the DEA method, the authors assessed the influence of territorial factors of economic and technical, demographic, information and communication orientation on the appropriate characteristics of regional education systems. The study uses materials from Rosstat, federal and regional education authorities. The comparative analysis concerned the study of the quality of the conditions for the functioning of the Arctic educational systems and other regions from the corresponding federal districts. Results. The education systems of the Arctic regions are more homogeneous under the influence of economic and technical (coefficient of variation does not exceed 0.17) and demographic (0.26) factors than the other regional education systems of the federal districts. In addition, the Arctic regions have a higher efficiency of the education systems functioning (efficiency value for the first group of factors is 0.99; for the second – 0.89). These systems react much more differentially to the action of the information and communication factor – they cope with its influence in different ways (the average value of efficiency is 0.66; coefficient of variation reaches 0.39). Discussion and conclusion. Authors have updated and theoretically justified the concept of a territorial educational segment as a set of geographically close regional education systems with common features, problems, history and common group of territorial factors. The general nature of the influence of economic, technical and demographic factors confirmed the presence of not only external (general strategic objectives for the development of education in the Russian Arctic), but also internal reasons for combining the Arctic education systems into a single territorial educational segment.

scholarly journals ON THE QUESTION OF INVESTMENT AND FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC REGIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 231 (5) ◽  
pp. 256-279
Author(s):  
NATALIA V. DYADIK ◽  
◽  
ANASTASIA N. CHAPARGINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Development ◽  
Current System ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Potential Development ◽  
Budget Consolidation ◽  
Regional Authorities ◽  
Institutional Foundations

In this article, the authors assessed the resource availability, investment opportunities and incomes of the population of the Russian Arctic in the context of the potential development of this territory. The study showed that natural resources are not the main condition for the formation of regional finances. Based on the conducted statistical analysis, it is shown that the regions under study have powerful industrial potential but have a rather low level of investment attractiveness. It was revealed that the current system of social guarantees does not compensate for living conditions in these territories. It is concluded that considering the identified interregional differences and peculiarities will make it possible to develop new solutions and approaches in matters of financial development of the Arctic territories. The authors believe that expanding the powers of regional authorities, reducing budget consolidation and developing mechanisms aimed at forming the institutional foundations of state regulation will help build up additional regional financial resources, eliminate the legal vacuum and develop special mechanisms to stimulate investment processes and attract investment resources for these territories.

Statistical Analysis of the Financial Solvency of the Russian Arctic Regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
A. N. Chapargina ◽  
N. V. Dyadik
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Financial Indicators ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Regional Budgets

The uneven distribution of natural resources on the territory of Russia and the limited financial capabilities of the regions of the Russian Federation to exercising their powers, according to the authors, predetermine the relevance of considering the problem of assessing financial solvency for each region. The Arctic zone of the Russian Federation as a management object is nowadays an issue of concern from researchers and requires special attention since most of the country’s resource potential is concentrated on its territory. The study aims at a statistical assessment of the financial viability of the regions of the Russian Arctic through a correlation analysis aimed at exploring the forms of linking indicators that allow us to identify common and specific features of their regional development.The article substantiates the system of statistical indicators that directly or indirectly characterize the financial solvency of the regions. The analysis of the financial solvency of the regions according to the official statistics for the period from 2005 to 2018 was carried out sequentially and in stages: 1st stage - selection of the data array; 2nd stage - formation of a case of financial indicators; 3rd stage - building a matrix for correlation analysis; 4th stage - correlation analysis; 5th stage - interpretation of the results.Using the method of correlation analysis, the authors constructed a matrix of correlation pairs, identifying the most relevant ones for assessing the financial solvency of the region. Comparative analysis of paired correlation coefficients for the Arctic regions made it possible to assess the relationship between certain directions and features of their development.Assessment of the financial independence of the constituent entities is the central problem of balancing regional budgets. In this regard, the results of the study may be of interest to regional and federal authorities for forecasting and strategic planning of the development of the Arctic regions in the face of limited financial resources.

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