Lesia Ukrainka and Mykhailo Hrushevskyi: creative connections and sociopolitical views

The article is devoted to the study of little-known pages of Ukrainian journalism, in particular, the critical socio-historical and epistolary heritage of Lesya Ukrainka and M. Hrushevsky as iconic figures of Ukrainian culture. It is pointed out that the insufficient study of creative contacts between the writer Lesya Ukrainka and the political and public figure, the historian, the publicist M. Hrushevsky, is caused by ideological factors, which in Soviet times led to the withdrawal of information about the contacts of these figures from scientific communication. It was emphasized that the dominant direction of the "Great Ukrainian" and "Daughter of Prometheus", as evidenced not only by their literary-critical, journalistic works but also their correspondence, was the departure from the traditional Little Russian type of thinking, formation of European spiritual landmarks and values, reflection on Ukrainian "Historical" fate. The use of the historical method revealed the common socio-political views of Lesya Ukrainka and M. Hrushevsky on the role of the Ukrainian intellectuals, the development of Ukrainian culture, the formation of the European vector of development, bridging the gap and returning to a one-stage life with the Western world.

Electricity Markets Instability: Causes of Price Dispersion

The creation of a single competitive EU energy market is aimed at establishing a fair price in the integrated market space. However, electricity markets in European countries remain rather fragmented, and the marginal pricing method, which is the basic one used in the market, conditions a persistent price dispersion in the search for market equilibrium. This study examines the dispersion of electricity prices in 40 bidding zones in 26 European countries by means of quartile analysis. The geographic orientation of the markets, direction of electricity flows, and structure of electricity generation are considered as the causes of this dispersion. In the study, the geographical boundaries of the electricity markets are determined using the methods of correlation analysis of prices and transitive closure of commercial electricity flows. This makes it possible to single out highly integrated, moderately integrated, poorly integrated, and non-integrated markets. Using cluster analysis, electricity markets are classified according to the structure of electricity generation and direction of flows, with the identification of five clusters based on the dominant type of generation and three clusters based on the dominant direction of electricity supply. For each factor under investigation, the intragroup price dispersion is established. The results of the study have allowed to build a three-dimensional matrix that provides for determining the directions of changes in electricity prices when moving between its quadrants.

Characteristics of Sea Surface Current in the Bali Strait, Indonesia using HF Radar and Its Utilization in Safety Navigation

This paper was done by using the HF Radar data from 2018-2019 to study the characteristics of Sea Surface Current (SSC) in the Bali Strait. The data processing method was done by calculating the speed and SSC direction of the zonal and meridional components. Furthermore, SSC analysis was performed every hour and month by calculating the average of all data at the same hour and month. It was found that the unique SSC pattern in the Bali Strait occurred on the western side of Bali Island and the eastern side of Java Island. On the west side of the Bali Island, there was a decrease in SSC speed at 0.00-7.00 and 13.00-18.00, as well as a two-fold increase at 8.00-12.00 and 19.00-2.00, both of which were in a fluctuating speed range from 0-140 cm s-1 in the direction of dominant towards the south. On the eastern side of Java Island, SSC speed ranges from 0 to 40 cm s-1 all the time with the dominant direction heading from east to southeast. The monthly SSC pattern was also seen more clearly in this study, meanwhile during December-March the SSC rate was lower than during June-September, ranging from 0 to 20 cm s-1 and from 40 to 140 cm s-1, respectively. Furthermore, the two SSC patterns above can be simplified into two periods, namely periods of relaxation and agitation. This study also applies the device to ship accidents that occurred in the Bali Strait as case studies.

What Does the Body Communicate With Postural Oscillations? A Clinical Investigation Hypothesis

The evolution of the foot and the attainment of the bipedia represent a distinctive characteristic of the human species. The force of gravity is dissipated through the tibial astragalic joints, and the movement of the ankle is manifested on a sagittal plane. However, this is in contrast with other studies that analyze the straight station in bipodalic support of the body. According to these studies, the oscillations of the body dissipated by the articulation of the ankle are greater on a frontal plane than on a sagittal plane. Probably, this can be deduced by analyzing the concept of “cone of economy (COE) and equilibrium;” a cone that has its base with the oscillations described by the 360° movement performed by the head and has its apex that supports polygon defined by the tibio-astragalic articulation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a kind of communication between the oscillations of the COE and equilibrium and the main sphere of somatic dysfunction (structural, visceral, or cranial sacral), assessing the reliability of the “fascial compression test.” The implications of this connection have been considered, while grounding the hypothesis in the ability of the human body to maintain its center of mass (COM) with minimum energy expenditure and with minimum postural influence. At the same time, the fascial compression test provides a dominant direction of fascial compartments in restriction of mobility.

Identifikasi Deformasi Tektonik Aktif Berdasarkan Ekstraksi Kelurusan Morfologi dan Seismisitas di Sukabumi, Jawa Barat

ABSTRAK Pusat gempa bumi di Sukabumi telah membentuk deformasi bawah permukaan dan kini terekam juga di permukaan. Hal itu termanifestasi melalui geomorfologi kelurusan gawir dan sungai. Ekstraksi kelurusan-kelurusan akibat deformasi geologi tersebut dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi deformasi tektonik aktifnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara struktur sesar aktif dengan arah dominan kelurusan di daerah penelitian. Metode Edge Enhancing Filtering digunakan untuk menginterpretasi kelurusan secara manual dan semi-otomatis. Data geospasial kelurusan diekstraksi menggunakan formula Sastratenaya untuk mengetahui kronologi kelurusan yang terbentuk. Hasil analisis menggunakan formula Sastratenaya menunjukkan kelurusan-kelurusan yang terekam melalui olah data peta DEM, yaitu segmen 1 berarah N315°E dan segmen 2 berarah N10°E yang diinterpretasikan sebagai hasil reaktivasi sesar. Hal ini dapat diinterpretasikan bahwa Sesar Cimandiri, yang merupakan sesar aktif dengan pergerakan oblique-slip sinistral N88°E/85° rake 33°, memengaruhi arah dua segmen kelurusan di daerah penelitian wilayah Sukabumi, Jawa Barat.ABSTRACT The epicenter of the earthquake in Sukabumi has formed subsurface deformation which is now also recorded on the surface area. This is manifested through the geomorphology of the scarp and river lineaments. Extraction of lineaments produced by geological deformation can be used to identify its active tectonic deformation. The research objective is to determine the relationship between the active fault structure and the dominant direction of lineaments in the study area. The Edge Enhancing Filtering method is used to interpret lineaments manually and semi-automatically. The lineament geospatial data was extracted using the Sastratenaya formula to determine the chronology of the lineaments formed. The Sastratenaya formula results showed the lineaments recorded by DEM images data processing, the first segment direction is N315°E and the second is N10°E, both are interpreted as the result of fault reactivation. It can be interpreted that the Cimandiri Fault, which is an active fault that has an N88°E/85° rake 33° sinistral oblique-slip fault movement, affects the lineaments direction of two segments in the research area of Sukabumi, West Java.

Modern systems for monitoring the stress-strain state of hazardous power generating facilities

The paper considers the issue of effectively increasing the level of operational reliability of power generating nuclear and hydraulic facilities. Over the past 20 years, the number of accidents at these facilities has been growing. There are many factors affecting the collapse of structures, but, according to the authors, the lack of a monitoring system capable of fully assessing not only the stress-strain state, but also the so- called “residual” stresses of the material is the dominant direction of research. The same question is raised at the state level, as evidenced by the requirements of the STO, GOST and Federal laws, to which the authors refer below. The legislative prerequisites (requirements) for the creation of an improved system for monitoring critical structures, corresponding to the development trends of the construction industry, as well as the modernization of the existing fund are listed. The drawbacks and advantages of existing monitoring systems (strain gauge, string, fiber-optic sensors and acoustic emission systems) are analyzed in detail, and the general lack of the possibility of measuring, evaluating "residual" stresses in the material of structures is noted. A fundamentally new system for monitoring the stress-strain state of building structures and power equipment is proposed, which is based on the Foerster effect, a comparison is made with the existing systems described above. The main features and capabilities of the method are noted and options for use at highly important facilities are proposed.

THE STRUCTURE OF THE ECONOMIC SPACE OF THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC

The purpose of the study was to analyze the structure of the economic space of the Russian Arctic within the framework of determining the prospects for the economic development of the Arctic regions. The unevenness of the economic space of the Russian Arctic and the focus on the extraction and export of natural resources are determined. It is revealed that vertically integrated structures play a key role in the Russian Arctic. It is determined that the specific feature of this region is the ethnoeconomics, the long-term development of which is the dominant direction of the national policy in the field of agriculture of the Russian Arctic.

Hydro-Oceanographic and Bathymetric Survey in Tanjung Merah as a Basis for Modelling Coastal Spatial Plans of Bitung City

The purpose of this study was to examine the parameters of Hydro-Oceanography (Tidal and Tidal Currents) and Bathymetry (Sea Depth) in Tanjung Merah, Bitung City. The method used in this research is a field survey method. The survey was carried out at the research location, precisely in Tanjung Merah, Matuari District, Bitung City. Equipment such as GPS Fish Finder, Floater Current Meter, Tidal Pole and Boats are supporting devices in obtaining accurate data on tides, tidal currents, and bathymetry in the waters of Tanjung Merah. The results showed that the tidal current conditions at the study site with several variations in the depth of the tidal current velocity ranged from 0.2 – 0.3 cm/sec with the dominant direction of the current towards the south. While the tides using tidal harmonic analysis for 15 days of observation, the Formzal Index is 0.93 which means that the tides in this location are mixed type with a single daily trend. Bathymetric conditions in Tanjung Merah identified the topography of the bottom of the waters is steep with depth variations between 2 -30 meters along the coast of Tanjung Merah while shallow areas are found at the mouth of the Tanjung Merah river.

“It’s Raining Bits”: Patterns in Directional Precipitation Persistence across the United States

The spatial and temporal ordering of precipitation occurrence impacts ecosystems, streamflow, and water availability. For example, both large-scale climate patterns and local landscapes drive weather events, and the typical speeds and directions of these events moving across a basin dictate the timing of flows at its outlet. We address the predictability of precipitation occurrence at a given location, based on the knowledge of past precipitation at surrounding locations. We identify “dominant directions of precipitation influence” across the continental United States based on a gridded daily dataset. Specifically, we apply information theory–based measures that characterize dominant directions and strengths of spatial and temporal precipitation dependencies. On a national average, this dominant direction agrees with the prevalent direction of weather movement from west to east across the country, but regional differences reflect topographic divides, precipitation gradients, and different climatic drivers of precipitation. Trends in these information relationships and their correlations with climate indices over the past 70 years also show seasonal and spatial divides. This study expands upon a framework of information-based predictability to answer questions about spatial connectivity in addition to temporal persistence. The methods presented here are generally useful to understand many aspects of weather and climate variability.

Karakteristik Arus di Perairan Pulau Weh Pada Musim Peralihan 1 dan Kaitannya dengan Fluktuasi Suhu Permukaan Laut

Posisi Pulau Weh yang strategis membuat kawasan ini unik dalam hal karakteristik oseanografi fisik. Transfer massa air di Pulau Weh sangat signifikan yang akan berdampak pada sebaran suhu perairan di sekitar kawasan pesisir. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perubahan perpindahan massa air secara vertikal dan hubungannya terhadap perubahan suhu perairan. Tiga area penting diobservasi yang mewakili utara, timur, dan selatan pulau weh yakni kawasan Iboih, Ie Meulee, dan Keunekai. Tiga ADCP diinstal pada ketiga titik observasi tersebut. Secara vertikal, komponen kecepatan arus zonal dan meridional menunjukkan kecepatan yang lebih acak saat menuju ke permukaan dengan kecepatan kurang dari 0,5 m/detik. Identifikasi pasang surut elips pada seluruh stasiun membuktikan bahwa di perairan Pulau Weh, arus pasang surut dangat dominan yang mana faktor lain juga memiliki pengaruh dalam memicu perpindahan massa air di permukaan. Arah arus dominan berputar sesuai dengan kaidah Spiral Ekman dan pengaruh gaya Coriolis. Fluktuasi suhu mengikuti perubahan elevasi pemukaan dan kecepatan arus yang berkisar antara 25-35 oC. Pada penelitian ini, menunjukkan bahwa pada bagian utara (Iboih) dan selatan (Keunekai) Pulau Weh, fluktuasi suhu berlangsung secara berlawanan menyerupai “jungkat-jungkit” yang mengindikasikan peran besar dari transfer massa air dari Laut Andaman dan Samudera Hindia yang membawa massa air hangat selama musim perlaihan I. The strategic position of Weh Island makes this region is unique in terms of physical oceanography characteristics. Water mass transport in Weh Island is tremendously significant, whereby it will affect the distribution of temperature in the surrounding coastal area. This study aimed to determine the changes in vertical water mass movement and its relation to water temperature alteration. We observed three vital areas representing north, east, and south parts of Weh Island waters, namely Iboih, Ie Meulee, and Keunekai, respectively. Three ADCPs were installed at those three observation points. Vertically, the zonal and meridional current components showed a more randomly speed surface-ward with less than 0.5 m/s magnitude. Tidal ellipses identification at all stations proved that in the Weh Island, tidal current is predominant. Other factors also trigger water mass movement on the surface. Sea current dominant direction rotated as the Ekman Spiral and Coriolis force influence. Temperature fluctuation followed the surface elevation and current speed changes ranging from 25-35 oC. In this study, it shows that between northern (Iboih) and southern (Keunekai) part of Weh Island, the temperature fluctuation oppositely takes place like a “see saw” indicating the significant role of water mass transfer from the Andaman Sea and the Indian Ocean which brings warm water during the first transitional season.