scholarly journals Surzhyk as a means of pejorative assessment in the language of mass communication

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
National Language ◽  
Lexical Meaning ◽  
Printed Media ◽  
The Press ◽  
Modern Mass ◽  
The Russian Language

The article states that journalistic broadcasting is intended to create public opinion or to develop an exact attitude of society towards certain phenomena and events of internal political and international life. The Ukrainian-Russian surzhyk is not only focused on the linguistic taste and contemporaries’ sharp speech attention, but also on the position of cognition through its affiliation with another language, Russian in particular, because of its high frequency and semantic correction in accordance with fashionable communication. In the language of mass communication at the beginning of the XXI century, surzhyk often serves for the transmission of linguistic illiteracy, the absence of the language culture of the heroes of publications, as well as to attract the attention of readers to the person, events, phenomena referred to in the text. The Ukrainian-Russian surzhyk is basically the correspondence to well-known and widely used normative words. They are presented mainly in quotations of heroes of publications. It was found out that pejorative vocabulary means lexical units, the lexical meaning of which includes the connotative aspect (negative emotional sem), which expresses the negative attitude of a speaker to an addressee. That may be often vulgar, versatile, slang vocabulary. Researchers of pejorative vocabulary in the language of the press notice that the printed media texts are full of general neutrality of the narrative tone, but in recent times the use of lexemes with a negative assessment has significantly intensified. In the language of modern mass media among surzhykisms such thematic groups are distinguished: the words of politeness, tokens on the designation of food, names of household things, items of everyday use, personal things, also surzhykisms are used in the sphere of trade between the seller and the buyer; sometimes they have an ironic coloration, and so on. We consider that the surzhyk is a kind of Ukrainian national language that arose as a result of use of words of the Ukrainian and Russian languages by the speakers; it is created out of any norms and poses a threat to the national language. Surzhik has a number of objective prerequisites, the historical character associated with the Russian factor in particular. Many years of planting the Russian language could not but affect the purity of the Ukrainian language.

scholarly journals Lexicographic Miniatures: Research Notes on Russian and Church Slavonic Historical Lexicography

Slovene ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 204-217
Author(s):  
Margarita I. Chernysheva ◽  
Roman N. Krivko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Lexical Meaning ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Editorial Decisions ◽  
Hapax Legomenon ◽  
Correct Understanding ◽  
Greek Source ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Russian Language

One of the most crucial problems in the historical lexicography of the Russian language is that lexicographers are regularly faced with texts and sources which often have neither been properly published, if at all, nor properly commented on from linguistic, philological, and historical points of view. The first part of these research notes shows that a Greek source of one of the liturgical chants dedicated to SS. Constantine and Helene has been erroneously identified in the Index of the Incipita of Old East Slavonic liturgical chants; this made it possible to assume textual corruption in the Slavonic translation and prevented scholars from establishing a correct understanding of the hapax legomenon tresadovnyj, which actually means ‘made of three species of wood’ (about the Holy Cross made of the fir tree, the pine tree, and the box, according to Christian exegesis of Is 60:13). In the second part of these research notes, the edition and lexicographic interpretation of one passage from the Church Slavonic translation of the Homilies by Gregory the Dialogist have been critically reconsidered. Editorial mistakes and a lack of commentary has made it impossible to understand and to explain adequately the phrase krotostʹ na tjažestʹ obratiti lit. ‘to transmute modesty into gravity.’ This phrase is important to exemplify the rare meaning of the Church Slavonic word tjažestʹ (lit. heaviness, gravity) ‘dignity,’ which is lexicographically recorded in this meaning only in a few translated texts, and attests a semantic calque. While the Slavonic translation of this passage is erroneous, its edition and lexicographic interpretation are corrupted and inadequate, so that on the basis of the edition and of the available dictionaries one could not understand that the phrase krotostʹ na tjažestʹ obratiti (‘to transmute modesty into gravity’) actually means ‘to renounce light-mindedness and to return to (proper) dignity.’ In the third part of the article, the lexical meaning of the words tščetina, tščetinnyj is analyzed. The final part is dedicated to the critical analysis of some erroneous editorial decisions made by scholars, who ignored the Greek origin of translated texts.

scholarly journals Sociolinguistic Aspects of the First Translations of the Bible into the Russian Language

Slovene ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander G. Kravetsky
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Language Translation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
National Language ◽  
Language Version ◽  
The Bible ◽  
European Languages ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Russian Language

The first translations of the New Testament into the Russian language, which were carried out at the beginning of the 19th century, are usually regarded as a missionary project. But the language of these translations may prove that they were addressed to a rather narrow audience. As is known, the Russian Bible Society established in 1812 began its activities not with translations into Russian but with the mass edition of the Church Slavonic text of the Bible. In other words, it was the Church Slavonic Bible that was initially taken as the “Russian” Bible. Such a perception correlated with the sociolinguistic situation of that period, when, among the literate country and town dwellers, people learned grammar according to practices dating back to Medieval Rus’, which meant learning by heart the Church Slavonic alphabet, the Book of Hours, and the Book of Psalms; these readers were in the majority, and they could understand the Church Slavonic Bible much better than they could a Russian-language version. That is why the main audience for the “Russian” Bible was the educated classes who read the Bible in European languages, not in Russian. The numbers of targeted readers for the Russian-language translation of the Bible were significantly lower than those for the Church Slavonic version. The ideas of the “language innovators” (who favored using Russian as a basis for a new national language) thus appeared to be closer to the approach taken by the Bible translators than the ideas of “the upholders of the archaic tradition” (who favored using the vocabulary and forms of Church Slavonic as their basis). The language into which the New Testament was translated moved ahead of the literary standard of that period, and that was one of the reasons why the work on the translation of the Bible into the Russian language was halted.

scholarly journals LANGUAGE PERSONALITY OF OTHER THAN RUSSIAN LANGUAGE ORIGIN YOUNG CHILDREN LEARNING RUSSIAN: LEXICON

2019 ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Irina A. Buchilova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Writing Skills ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
National Language ◽  
Semantic Level ◽  
Speech Input ◽  
Language Origin ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Russian Language

The present article aims to study the problem of linguistic personality formation in children of other than Russian language origin learning Russian at Russian primary school. The structure of the language personality is also observed. The focus of this study is lexicon as an important structural component of the language personality. The results of an empirical study of the vocabulary of such children are presented. First, the results of the survey with the questionnaire enabled to determine that the perception of a national language or the Russian language as the native one depended upon the language used for communication in the family which in its turn was a result of a family being international or mononational. The survey also showed that more than 61% and 72% experienced writing skills challenges in dictation and essays in Russian, at the same time, 72% cannot write their national language at all. Third, in the course of ascertaining experiment, it was found that the targeted category of children demonstrated certain specific features of language personality formation: flaws occurred in the structure of verbal-semantic level (gaps in vocabulary, agrammatism), features of the lexicon were determined by the speech input, gaps in lexicon reduced the quality of writing performance (dictations, expositions, essays) because of difficulties in understanding. Recommendations are offered for this category of learners to improve and enlarge their vocabulary.

scholarly journals The role of the internet in the proliferation of new acronyms in the Russian language

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-387
Author(s):  
Thomas Bruns ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Communication ◽  
Digital Communication ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Maximum Range ◽  
Full Form ◽  
Technical Features ◽  
E Mail ◽  
The Russian Language

This paper focuses on a special form of English borrowing: the use of acronyms with phraseological meaning. The Russian computer language, more precisely the Russian computer slang, is unthinkable without the influence of English. This influence is manifested at various language levels and in a variety of forms (borrowings, calques and half-calques, univerbats, reverse derivatives, alphabetic and alphanumeric abbreviations, “distorted forms” of both full names and acronyms). Based on the English abbreviations, first the meaning of the respective full form is explained in English and then its fate is illustrated in the Russian host language. Comparison with German, which also borrowed a large number of such abbreviations, shows similarities and differences in the processing of these phraseological units. The term “digital communication” here refers not only to communication on the Internet in a narrower sense (chats, forums, e-mail, etc.), but also to such channels as SMS, Twitter, WhatsApp, and others. The Internet plays a double role in the development of the modern Russian language: firstly, as a means of mass communication that provides an opportunity to popularize new linguistic phenomena in the shortest possible time and with maximum range, and secondly, as a generator of new linguistic forms that would be impossible without the Internet itself. One part of these neologisms refers to the technical features of digital communication and the tools necessary for it, while the other part refers to the implementation of a new communicative style that is clearly different from analogue communication in its oral and written forms.

scholarly journals Political, media, everyday discourse: points of contact and language reflexes (on the basis of “The explanatory dictionary of russian everyday speech”)

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-56
Author(s):  
Elena Valentinovna Kakorina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
National Language ◽  
Standard Language ◽  
Public Speech ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Media ◽  
Political Media ◽  
Institutional Communication ◽  
The Russian Language

The article addresses the problem of the interaction of political, media and everyday discourse. The object of the research is words and expressions from a politician’s idiolect that become precedential phenomena of the Russian language and facts of the Russian culture. These are peculiar language labels, aphorisms, which are associated in the consciousness of society with the name of a certain political person. The “Explanatory Dictionary of Russian Everyday Speech”, by virtue of its specificity, allows not only fixing such words, but also to note (in special areas of the dictionary) the stylistic, pragmatic features of a particular lexeme, and also briefly describe the history of their use in Russian. As a rule, such words are borrowed from distant, stylistically alien for public speech spheres of communication, such as everyday discourse or social and professional jargons. These language units, replicating through the media, are involved in common usage, which can lead to their rooting in the national language, the loss of slang or colloquial status, and other changes. The use of such words to make speech more expressive usually implies deviations from the standard language norm, as well as communicative norms of institutional communication. The article provides the analysis of speech manner of Soviet and modern politicians (N. Khruschev, B. Yeltsyn, V. Putin and others), mostly on the basis of the entries from The “Explanatory Dictionary of Russian Everyday Speech”

scholarly journals Bestiary of the Russian Language: Ways to Fill Gaps in the Designation of Females and Cubs

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-102
Author(s):  
Li Li
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
National Language ◽  
The World ◽  
Active Processes ◽  
The Russian Language

The role of the bestiary of the Russian language in the national language picture of the world as a constantly expanding layer of vocabulary is shown. The bestiary is represented by three groups-basic paradigms (complete, incomplete, and unfilled). In complete paradigms, suppletive formations are of particular interest. For this group it is marked a tendency to a leveling of the paradigm by creating a motivated neoderivatives. In incomplete paradigms, represented by two varieties, there are also active processes of expansion due to differentiation by gender or designation of the cub.

scholarly journals The Russian language functioning outside Russia: specifics of using the «national» type of language

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (26) ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
Mariya E. Avakyan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
National Language ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Russian Language

The article examines functioning of the Russian language outside the Russian Federation: the peculiarities of the «national» Russian language in the Republic of Armenia, the concept of this term itself, the significance of using Russian in the media, overlapping national features. The main characteristics of the «national» Russian language outside Russia are considered to be as follows: the language is seen as an «advocate» of necessary national ideas and a real opportunity to transmit national ideas, thoughts, messages and information in a language of international communication. The development of the social institution of the «national language» in the future will largely determine the preservation of national cultural, educational as well as political and economic unity with Russia. We should not forget that professional journalistic activity is, first and foremost, a verbal activity. And the professional culture of journalists depends on how well they master the language. The linguistic features of the Russian-language media in Armenia present a rather broad spectrum of issues possible and relevant for consideration. The national variant is a certain form of adapting the classical literary language to the traditions and cultural values, to the urgent needs of a particular nation, thus becoming a special form of functioning of the language common for the nation.

On the types of analysis of literary text in Russian language lessons

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
M. I. Shutan
Keyword(s):  
Literary Work ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Literature Teaching ◽  
Lexical Meaning ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
The Russian Language

This article aims to investigate and characterise types of literary text analysis in Russian language lessons by reviewing the scientific and practical experience accumulated in the methodology of teaching the Russian language and literature at school. The first type of analysis is a combination of assignments aimed at both understanding the content of a literary work as an art phenomenon and identifying its structural features, which actualizes the methodological principles of school literature teaching. This model also includes linguistic-stylistic assignments covering various levels of the language system. Such an analysis can be called complex. The second type involves focused analysis organized within the framework of working with a linguistic concept. The main purpose of students in this case is to identify meanings, i.e., substitutes for the lexical meaning of a concept word. The types of analysis described in this article can be used to help students understand the literary text in its semantic integrity.

On the formation of value attitude to the Russian language study at school

2019 ◽  
pp. 156-164
Author(s):  
Irina Pavlinova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Students ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
National Language ◽  
School Students ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
National Values ◽  
Language Study ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
State Language

In the Russian Federation, as a multinational country, bilingualism is widespread: the process of learning the state language (Russian language) and national language (Bashkir, Yakut, Buryat, etc.) is programmed, vital and natural. We see the problem in that the national languages of the indigenous peoples of Russia are studied from the perspective of patriotic upbringing and education, while the Russian language is presented to Russian-speaking children more as the offi-cial state language of our country and, to a lesser extent, as their native language. When studying the Russian language, either its undoubted rich history and culture is leveled out, or a small and unsystematic amount of national values associated with the Russian language is provided to stu-dents. Underestimation of the axiological, communicative and culturological approach to the study of Russian as a native language we consider an urgent problem of contemporary education. In primary school these approaches are of particular importance. We consider the issues of studying the Russian language as a state language, as a native and as a foreign one. We put forward the idea of integrating approaches to the Russian language study, the leading role of speech training of school students. In this regard, we conduct a detailed analysis of textbooks on the Russian language for grades 1–4 and a comparative analysis of Soviet and Russian textbooks. We pay attention to foreign experience, the study of Russian as a foreign language, and textbooks on the Russian language for foreign students. We connect the conclusions about the formation of the value attitude of younger school students to the Russian language both with the educational material content and with the form of its presentation to children.

Approaches to the study of the Russian as a native language in primary school

2020 ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
Irina A. Pavlinova
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
National Language ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
Language Study ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Russian Language

This study is a logical continuation of the work “On the formation of value attitude to the Russian language study at school”, which addressed the issues of language learning in three aspects: as a state, as a native and as a foreign language. In July 2018, Russia adopted the law “On the study of native languages” for the first time. Along with other national languages, for the first time Russian was considered not only as a state language, but also as a national language, requiring special attention and study. In this regard, we raise the problem of the choice of scientific approaches to the native Russian language study at the first stage of education. We study the course of “native Russian language”, define its goals and objectives and propose a list of scientific and methodological approaches to its teaching. We offer the native Russian language study from the position of four scientific aspects: axiological, communicative-activity, linguocultural and hermeneutic. The essence of each presented approaches is analyzed from the standpoint of the degree of study, development, expediency of use in primary school in theory and practice. We connect the conclusions about the success of applying the presented approaches to the native Russian language study, first of all, with the teachers, who should be an example of real knowledge of the Russian language, love for it, recognize and appreciate the richness of the native culture. We note that the introduction of additional hours of the Russian language is not intended to level the gaps in the students’ knowledge of basic course of the Russian language. Native language study should contribute to the formation of students’ perception of themselves as part of Russian culture, to form a valuable attitude not only to the language, but also to its study.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document