scholarly journals Dynamics of Psychological Characteristics of Drug Addicts in the Period of Rehabilitation For Up to One Year and From One to Five Years

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Drug Addicts ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Individual

Despite the fact that in Ukraine there are constantly a large number of preventive and corrective measures to prevent and eliminate the phenomenon of drug addiction, statistics show that the problem does not diminish its relevance. Now there is a large number of studies that reveal the personal characteristics of a drug addicts. Many scientists are unanimous that in the period of drug addiction there is a distortion in the personal sphere. However, the features of these distortions at various stages of drug addiction are not fully understood. At the same time, the elimination of psychological dependence on narcotic substances by means of rehabilitation effects is possible only if the knowledge on the psychological characteristics of the addict is taken into account at different stages of the rehabilitation process. The main goal of rehabilitation work is not only the rejection of drugs. This is the development of new value orientations, personal growth in the individual and social sense, the development of human anti-drug resistance properties, the development of responsible choice skills, the formation of the internal locus of control, the formation of a positive life scenario and the availability of internal resources for its implementation. The article analyzes the effect of rehabilitation methods on the personality traits of drug addicts with short-term and long-term rehabilitation. The study included 60 people, of which 30 drug addicts were with a period of rehabilitation up to one year and 30 drug addicts with a period of rehabilitation from one year to five years. The complex of diagnostic tools includes methods for studying the level of aggressiveness, anxiety scales, behavior in a conflict situation, assessing the neuropsychic personality tension, a questionnaire for studying the level of impulsivity, a questionnaire for studying the level of subjective control, a questionnaire for studying well-being, activity, mood. The dynamics of psychological characteristics of drug addicts in the period of rehabilitation up to one year and from one to five years was determined.

scholarly journals The study of senior preschoolers’ readiness for social orientation in the organizations of additional education

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 330-334
Author(s):  
Elena Vasilievna Barcaeva
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Motivational Orientation ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Problem Situations ◽  
Component Development ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Additional Education

The paper presents a technique of defining the level of development of senior preschoolers readiness for social orientation in the organizations of additional education. It contains diagnostic tools that determine the level of development of senior preschoolers readiness for social orientation in these organizations. The paper presents the level characteristics of the main structural components of readiness for social orientation in relation to the senior preschool age (personal, cognitive and activity): high, medium, low and unformed. To identify the level of each component development, criteria and evaluation indicators are identified, as well as methods of study, including a method of problem situations, a survey, practice-oriented tasks. With the help of the developed method the author carried out an experiment (ascertaining experiment), its results are presented in the paper. The paper describes in detail one of the components of senior preschoolers readiness for social orientation - a personal one, including value orientations; motivational orientation; emotional well-being; integrative qualities of the individual. This component was found to be at a low level that testifies that it is necessary to develop senior preschoolers readiness for social orientation in the organizations of additional education.

scholarly journals Moral and Psychological Characteristics of Criminals Personality

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaroslav Garmyshev ◽  
Svetlana Koryagina ◽  
Irina Lavygina
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Illegal Behavior ◽  
Dangerous Behavior ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Psychological Features ◽  
Life Aspirations

The article is devoted to investigating criminals personality, identifying and analyzing specific deformations and other features of the personality that have led to committing a crime. It gives accent to primary importance of moral and psychological characteristics in studying the criminals personality. It offers a comparative analysis of these indicators with reference to the personalities of careless, juvenile, and environmental criminals. It identifies presence of fundamental differences in the moral and psychological characteristics of the individuals under consideration. Meanwhile, in terms of the moral and psychological aspect, it is possible to identify the worldview factors, the value orientations, the moral and ethical purposefulness, life aspirations of the personality. Psychological features are actively involved in formation of the personalitys moral image and determine the basic motives of its behavior. In other words, in each specific case the personality itself predetermines the choice of socially dangerous behavior, which, of course, depends on the personal characteristics of the individual, which are formed during his/her life. Thus, through the prism of the individual characteristics of the criminals personality there reveals a set of causes and conditions that contribute to its illegal behavior.

scholarly journals Phenomenon of Boundary in Determination of Innovative Potential of Personality

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Terekhova
Keyword(s):  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Innovative Potential ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level

On the basis of theoretical analysis of the scientific psychological literature, the article defines the phenomenon of the boundary in determining the innovative potential of the personality, The author identifies that the qualitative originality of the boundary phenomenon demonstration in determining a high level of the innovative potential of the personality is associated with such individual psychological characteristics as value orientations, creativity, temporary competence, desire for self-actualization, need for cognition, spontaneity. The single direct link to synergy is made at the low level of IPP. The «boundary» allocation at the high and low levels of IPP allows to differentiate the groups of relationships of the certain personal qualities and indicators of the personal innovative potential. By characterizing the existence of the close statistically significant links between the individual and personal characteristics of respondents with an integral indicator of the innovative potential of the personality, it is made possible to compile a psychological portrait of the innovator. The art of defining the «boundary» becomes actual by establishing the interrelationships of these individual psychological characteristics with the features of the manifestation of the innovative potential of the personality.

Drugs and their impact on the individual and society

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 63-96
Author(s):  
INTISAR SHAHBAZ ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Drug Addicts ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Negative Behaviors ◽  
Deviant Behaviors ◽  
Positive Behaviors ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Breakdown ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract The problem of drug addiction for individuals, especially young people, is one of the most dangerous pests that cause many problems in various health, social and psychological aspects facing every society, but rather the whole world. The phenomenon of drug addiction often leaves individuals with dangerous negative effects on their behavior, whether towards themselves or towards others, and this requires the relevant institutions to strive for important and constructive solutions to reform such individuals, and then rid them of their negative behaviors, rehabilitate them and integrate them into society, to become active and effective individuals through their adoption of positive behaviors that are acceptable in line with the values, customs and traditions of their societies to which they belong. Therefore, our current study came to shed light on the most important effects resulting from the phenomenon of drug addiction among individuals through achieving the two research objectives which seek to know: 1- Causes of addiction to drug use among individuals 2- The effect of drug abuse on society. Upon verifying the two research objectives by relying on the analytical method of literature and previous studies, the two researchers reached the following results: First - The most important causes of youth addiction to drugs are poverty, begging, loss of one or both parents, the presence of a criminal in his family, invalid education and other various phenomena and deviations. Second - The symptoms of drug addiction push the addicted person to adopt deviant behaviors, as well as afflicting the addicted individual to psychological and mental pressures, and then afflicting his family with chronic diseases, in addition to the family breakdown occurring in the homes of drug addicts. Key words: drugs; Drug effect; The individual and society.

scholarly journals Contribution of community-based sociotherapy interventions for the psychological well-being of Rwandan youths born to genocide perpetrators and survivors: analysis of the stories telling of a sociotherapy approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Biracyaza ◽  
Samuel Habimana
Keyword(s):  
Personal Growth ◽  
Psychosocial Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Health Intervention ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Positive Functioning ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background Psychological well-being (PWB) refers to inter- and intra-individual levels of positive functioning that include one’s relatedness with others and self-referent attitudes that include one’s sense of mastery and personal growth. PWB consists of hedonism and eudaimonia building on thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Sociotherapy is a community-based health intervention that contributes to the promotion of PWB worldwide. Starting from an analysis of trauma transmitted from the perpetrators and survivors of the Rwandan genocide to their descendants, this article is aimed at exploring the contribution of therapeutic sessions to PWB among youth. Method A qualitative study design based on shared testimonies was carried out. Field reports from the sociotherapists, written texts, and testimonies of changes presented in the conviviality meetings were analyzed using transactional analysis. We included 24 reflexive texts upon completion of 8 months of the therapeutic program. Results Results indicated that before sociotherapy sessions, youth born to genocide survivors and perpetrators had psychosocial distress, including low self-esteem, hopelessness, anxiety, stigma, thoughts of revenge, shame, depression, and antisocial behaviors. Sociotherapy significantly contributed to the reduction of these psychosocial problems. Participating youth reported feeling safe, trusted, respected, and healthier than before the sociotherapy. This intervention created inner healing, social cohesion, alleviated their sufferings of trauma, restored their families and contributed to community resilience. Results revealed that youth developed PWB, helping them to what appeared to be psychosocial problems as being potentially healthy, enhancing self-acceptance, and respecting humanity. Youth also became the vector for the reconciliation and reconstruction of their humanity. Conclusion Sociotherapy is a community health intervention that has an effective outcome on the personal well-being of of youth. This therapy impacted the individual, social, and familial resilience of youth who developed their capacity to regain and maintain health. The intervention restored their PWB, characterized by increased positive functioning specifically in the areas of autonomy, ecological mastery, individual growth, purpose in life, good relationships with others, and improved self-esteem.

scholarly journals PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING OF PERSONS WITH A HOMOSEXUAL ORIENTATION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamsheko Katerina
Keyword(s):  
Personal Growth ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Personality Functioning ◽  
Homosexual Orientation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Inner World ◽  
The Individual

The article analyzes the social and psychological factors of psychological well-being of the individual. The results of psychological well-being between homosexuals and heterosexuals were examined and compared. The complexity of studying the phenomenon of psychological well-being is due to the fact that the mechanism of its formation is in the social environment and in the inner world of man. An attempt is made to reveal their essence on the basis of researches in world and national science. The components that provide positive personality functioning are analyzed and investigated: autonomy, environmental management, personal growth, positive relationships with others, presence of life goals and self-acceptance. Psychological well-being of the individual is considered as an integral indicator of the degree of realization of the personality of one's own orientation, which is subjectively manifested in feelings of happiness, satisfaction with life and oneself. It is concluded that this phenomenon touches on all aspects of people's lives, both homo- and hetero-orientations, and therefore, a person with any sexual orientation is capable of self-actualization, self-development, life satisfaction and the exercise of one's choice.

scholarly journals Dependence of Legal Awareness on the Individual Psychological Characteristics of Public Officers

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.N. Noss ◽  
V.G. Bulygina ◽  
T.N. Kabanova
Keyword(s):  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Legal Consciousness ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Entire Volume ◽  
Service Employees ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
The Individual

The article considers legal awareness as a subjective perception of legal phenomena by citizens. It is assumed that there is an individual predisposition towards law-conscious behavior. In a sample of 2011 subjects, employees of state bodies, the dependence of legal awareness on the personal characteristics of employees performing duties in the field of legal relations was studied. Legal awareness correlates with the activities of civil servants indirectly through a system of real legal actions and does not always coincide with labor productivity (action - attitude). The study of justice was carried out using the test of L.A. Yasyukova. Individual psychological characteristics were identified through the use of intelligent techniques, the modification of MMPI, the locus of control, the test of volitional self-control and the motivational profile of Ritchie-Martin. To assess the success (effectiveness) of the staff professional activities, an expert assessment was performed. It was revealed that legal consciousness has a specification and depends on the type of activity of public officers. Relations can be traced within the entire volume of personal characteristics. The article provides data on the correlation of legal consciousness and individual psychological characteristics of public service employees in the verbal and cogitative, characterological and motivational spheres.

scholarly journals Finding the Mating Gear: The Development and Validation of a Mate Access Scale

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 147470492093558
Author(s):  
C. Walldén ◽  
M. Westerlund ◽  
A. Gunst ◽  
P. Santtila ◽  
J. Antfolk
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mate Value ◽  
Behavioral Correlates ◽  
Mating Opportunities ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Human Mating ◽  
The Impact

Difficulties in finding mates may have broad consequences for well-being. Previous studies often assume that only personal characteristics or competition limits mating success without considering the impact of the social context. We developed and evaluated a questionnaire for measuring context-dependent mate access by surveying 528 Finnish adults. We found support for our hypothesized two-factor structure divided into preferred encounters (i.e., the amount of interactions the individual has with potential mates) and perceived possibilities (i.e., the individual’s perception of their mating opportunities). We also investigated the relationship between these factors and respondents’ social context, negative affect regarding poor mate access, mate value, and sociosexual desire. Individuals in more sociable contexts reported higher mate access, and individuals with less perceived possibilities reported more negative affect. Theoretical associations with mate value and sociosexual desire were supported. The current scale can be used along existing measures to study human mating and its psycho-behavioral correlates.

Drug Addiction in Bangladesh and its Effect

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Nahiduzzamane Shazzad ◽  
Syed Jamil Abdal ◽  
Muhammad Shoaib Momen Majumder ◽  
Jahangir ul Alam Sohel ◽  
Syed Mohammad Monowar Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Physical Dependence ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Chemical Substance ◽  
Subjective Feeling ◽  
Drug Addicts ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Harm ◽  
Medicine Today

Drug addiction and drug abuse, chronic or habitual use of any chemical substance to alter states of body or mind for other than medically warranted purposes. Addiction is more often now defined by the continuing, compulsive nature of the drug use despite physical and/or psychological harm to the user and society and includes both licit and illicit drugs, and the term "substance abuse" is now frequently used because of the broad range of substances (including alcohol and inhalants) that can fit the addictive profile. Psychological dependence is the subjective feeling that the user needs the drug to maintain a feeling of well-being; physical dependence is characterized by tolerance (the need for increasingly larger doses in order to achieve the initial effect) and withdrawal symptoms when the user is abstinent. There are a lot of effects of drug addiction to the economy, society, and family. Drug addiction affects individual's physical and mental health. Drug addicts are burden for a family and society. It is a great challenge for all nations of the world to prevent drug addiction. This article reviews the effects of drug addiction in details. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v25i2.17927 Medicine Today 2013 Vol.25(2): 84-89

scholarly journals SYSTEMIC APPROACHES REGARDING THE DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONIFIED «NEW LEARNING»

2019 ◽  
pp. 182-191
Author(s):  
S. Giacomuzzi ◽  
K. Garber ◽  
S. Velasquez-Montiel ◽  
O. Ausserer
Keyword(s):  
Learning Style ◽  
Teaching Strategy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Central Feature ◽  
Grade Levels ◽  
New Learning ◽  
Individual Knowledge ◽  
And Performance ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Individual

The new learning requires first an accompanied implementation. Already after one year, it becomes apparent that the corresponding grade levels and performance curves of the students can be improved. Moreover, the participants agree that intraindividual learning definitely improves. In addition, the implementation of the project can greatly increase the well- being of the pupils at school, which naturally has an effect on their performance. We live in an ever faster changing world, in which the school concepts of previous years should be revised and optimized. New approaches, like gender sensitive designs are necessary to continue the new learning project’s success. «New learning» is basically an individualized learning style. «New learning» starts by the individual itself. The individual is the basis for conditions, learning contents, rhythm, duration and intensity of the teaching. The appropriate slogan is: know the individual’s baseline conditions, so you start building from his/her foundations. The systemic side of this measure is the integration of the elements in a dynamic whole that feels right to teachers, parents as well as the main targets: The students.A substantial modification of the usual class structure is a central feature of the program. Modules of individual knowledge are essential for the teaching strategy. In the context of the modular structure there are rather learning fields and subjects. Different fields of learning (basic curriculum and electives) form another basis of the program, flanked by common living rooms and leisure programs as well as practical courses. Learning fields are understood as a basis of general culture and subjects as their specializations. The individual programming (IPP) is organized in basis blocks which are constantly adapted. All experiences and goals are described in individual portfolios. Tutorial settings are provided for continuously evaluation and support.A total of two classes were enrolled in the program (27 high school pupils). The program took place in northern Italy (South Tyrol). Pupil age ranged from 15a +/- 1 SD. After the first academic year pupil satisfaction scores amounted to 75% regarding obtained achievements. 90% of all parents showed a high satisfaction score and wanted to have the program continued. Teacher consent for the program reached up to 76%. However, teachers a 33% increase in their workload. Over 70% of the pupils wished a continuation of the project. Student achievement increased up to 6%. Study difficulties reduced to approximately 40%.

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