The use of chemometrics in combination with molecular spectroscopic and chromatographic methods for authentication of Curcuma species: a review

Currently, the awareness and public concern in the authenticity of herbal medicines has increased significantly, therefore, analytical methods capable of detecting the adulteration practice must be available. The rhizomes of Curcuma species such as Curcuma longa and Curcuma xanthorriza are the target of adulteration due to its popularity as components in herbal medicine formulation. For the sake of quality control of herbal medicines, a rapid and reliable method must be developed for authentication studies. Molecular spectroscopy including UV-Vis, infrared (near and mid) and 1H-NMR spectroscopy, as well as chromatographic-based methods especially liquid chromatography, can be an ideal method for herbal authentication due to its simplicity, however, the spectra and chromatogram obtained are usually complex which are difficult to interpret. To overcome this obstacle, a statistical approach known as chemometrics was used to treat spectra data to be easily used for authentication purposes including discrimination and classification between authentic and adulterated herbal components. This review highlighted molecular spectroscopic method in combination with multivariate data analysis (chemometrics) for authentication of herbal components.

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Antiviral and Immunity-modulating Natural Herbs in the Prevention of COVID-19

Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry ◽

10.52711/0975-4385.2021.00014 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 81-94

Author(s):

Sonali S Gadge

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Nigella Sativa ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Antiviral Drug ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Echinacea Purpurea ◽

Black Pepper ◽

Tinospora Cordifolia ◽

Ocimum Sanctum

The COVID-19 has spread all over the world and there is no single drug or medicine for the prevention and the treatment of this deadly disease. One can get prevention from this disease by boosting the immune system. Persons with weak immune system e.g. children, elder patients or patients with preexisting diseases affect rapidly due to coronavirus. This novel coronavirus attacks mainly on the person immunity. For the centuries the herbal medicinal plants have many beneficial effects against deadly viruses. Herbal medicines provide a rich resource for new antiviral drug development. These natural agents interact with the life cycle of virus such as virus entry, replication, assembly and release. In this review, the importance, immunomodulator, antiviral and pharmacological activities of some medicinal plants, namely, Allium Sativum, Zingiber Officinalis, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Curcuma longa, Ocimum sanctum, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Ginseng, Black pepper, Emblica officinalis, Withania somnifera, Tinospora cordifolia, Echinacea purpurea, Azadirachta indica, Piper betel, Eugenia caryophyllata, Cinchona calisaya, Nigella sativa, Cuminum cyminum are highlighted. These medicinal plants have many phytoconstituents like alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoids, flavonoids, lactones, polysaccharides, volatile oils, tannins, resins, etc which are helpful for boosting immunity and will help in the prevention and in the management of COVID-19. Several types of research attempted to use herbal medicines against COVID-19.

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Review on in vitro antioxidant activities of Curcuma species commonly used as herbal components in Indonesia

Food Research ◽

10.26656/fr.2017.4(2).163 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 286-293 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abdul Rohman ◽

H. Widodo ◽

E. Lukitaningsih ◽

M. Rafi ◽

Nurrulhidayah A.F. ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

In Vitro Tests ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Ferric Thiocyanate ◽

Herbal Components

Free radicals, reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been known to contribute several degenerative diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, aging, certain types of cancers, rheumatoid arthritis, neurodegenerative, and diabetes mellitus. In order to overcome the negative effects of these radicals, some scientists have explored some natural antioxidants from plants and it's by-products. The antioxidant can be defined as any substances or samples capable of inhibiting free radical reactions in the oxidation reaction. Due to curcuminoids contained, Curcuma species such as Curcuma longa, Curcuma heyneana, Curcuma mangga, and Curcuma xanthorriza were commonly used for herbal components in some traditional medicine. Several in vitro tests been introduced and used to measure antioxidant activities, namely radical scavenging assay using 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6 -sulfonic acid) (ABTS•+), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), ferric-thiocyanate, phosphomolybdenum method, cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity, metal chelating power, beta-carotene bleaching linoleic-ferric-thiocyanate, and thiobarbituric acid methods. This review highlighted the antioxidant activities in vitro of C. longa, C. heyneana, C. mangga, and C. xanthorriza through several tests. To perform this review, several repute databases were analyzed and used. From this review, it can be stated that Curcuma species have powerful antioxidant activities, therefore they could be potential sources of natural antioxidants and can be used as food supplements.

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Pharmaceutical Analysis of An Anti-Diabetic Formulation: Kimshukatvagadi Ghana Capsule

International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine ◽

10.47552/ijam.v12i3.1885 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 247-250

Author(s):

Garima Singh ◽

Shailesh V Deshpande ◽

Rinjin G Krishna

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Large Population ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Chemical Components ◽

Butea Monosperma ◽

Solvent Systems ◽

Strychnos Potatorum ◽

Layer Chromatography ◽

Salacia Reticulata

Ayurveda is one of the oldest and holistic science. Herbal medicines have a long therapeutic history; serving many of the health needs of large population of the world. However, the quality control and assurance remains as a challenge due to the high discrepancy of chemical components involved. In Ayurvedic texts, several formulations have been mentioned in Prameha (Diabetes Mellitus). Kimshukatvagadi is one such formulation mentioned in Sahasrayoga Vati Prakarana adhyaya. It contains Palash (Butea monosperma Lam.), Haridra (Curcuma longa L.), Amalaki (Emblica officinalis L.), Kataka (Strychnos potatorum L.f.), Vairi (Salacia reticulata Wight). Kimshukatvagadi Vati was converted into Ghana to increase its potency and then it was sealed into Capsule for increasing the shelf life, making it easy to dispense, dose fixation etc. Kimshukatvagadi Ghana Capsule was subjected to organoleptic analysis, phytochemical and qualitative analysis to detect the presence of various functional groups, and to high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) examination by optimizing the solvent systems.

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Plant-derived medicines for neuropathies: a comprehensive review of clinical evidence

Reviews in the Neurosciences ◽

10.1515/revneuro-2018-0097 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (6) ◽

pp. 671-684 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Farnaz Ebrahimi ◽

Mohammad Hosein Farzaei ◽

Roodabeh Bahramsoltani ◽

Mojtaba Heydari ◽

Kiana Naderinia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Viral Infections ◽

Cannabis Sativa ◽

Linseed Oil ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Congenital Diseases ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Long Time

AbstractNeuropathy is defined as the damage to the peripheral or central nervous system accompanied by pain, numbness, or muscle weakness, which can be due to congenital diseases or environmental factors such as diabetes, trauma, or viral infections. As current treatments are not sufficiently able to control the disease, studies focusing on the identification and discovery of new therapeutic agents are necessary. Natural products have been used for a long time for the management of different neurological problems including neuropathies. The aim of the present study is to review the current clinical data on the beneficial effects of medicinal plants in neuropathy. Electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library were searched with the keywords ‘neuropathy’ in the title/abstract and ‘plant’ or ‘extract’ or ‘herb’ in the whole text from inception until August 2017. From a total of 3679 papers, 22 studies were finally included. Medicinal plants were evaluated clinically in several types of neuropathy, including diabetic neuropathy, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, carpal tunnel syndrome, and HIV-associated neuropathy. Some studies reported the improvement in pain, nerve function, nerve conduction velocity, and quality of life.Cannabis sativa(hemp),Linum usitatissimum(linseed oil), capsaicin, and a polyherbal Japanese formulation called Goshajinkigan had the most evidence regarding their clinical efficacy. Other investigated herbal medicines in neuropathy, such asMatricaria chamomilla(chamomile),Curcuma longa(turmeric), andCitrullus colocynthis(colocynth), had only one clinical trial. Thus, future studies are necessary to confirm the safety and efficacy of such natural medicines as a complementary or alternative treatment for neuropathy.

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Discrimination of herbal medicines by molecular spectroscopy and chemical pattern recognition

Spectrochimica Acta Part A Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy ◽

10.1016/j.saa.2005.11.030 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 65 (2) ◽

pp. 497-500 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Jianjiang Mao ◽

Jingwei Xu

Keyword(s):

Pattern Recognition ◽

Molecular Spectroscopy ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Chemical Pattern ◽

Chemical Pattern Recognition

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Study of the genus Curcuma in Indonesia used as traditional herbal medicines

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d200527 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

DYAH SUBOSITI ◽

SLAMET WAHYONO

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Ethnic Groups ◽

Local Knowledge ◽

Relative Frequency ◽

Sampling Method ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Economic Value ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Traditional Healers ◽

Use Value

Abstract. Subositi D, Wahyono S. 2019. Study of the genus Curcuma in Indonesia used as traditional herbal medicines. Biodiversitas 20: 1356-1361. Research into local knowledge is very important in providing a database of medicinal plants and as a basis for further research. The genus Curcuma (Zingiberaceae) has been used as medicines and other purposes, so it has a high economic value. The aim of this study was to record the use of the species of the genus Curcuma as traditional herbal medicines in Indonesia. The study was a part of a project called RISTOJA (Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Herbal Medicines), which collected data from 415 ethnic groups in Indonesia from 2012 to 2017. A purposive sampling method was used to select 2,354 respondents (traditional healers) for interviews, 1,042 of whom used Curcuma as herbal medicines. It was found that eight species of the genus were used to treat 73 different ailments. Curcuma longa was found to have the highest relative frequency of citation (0.274) and use value (0.563), and members of the genus Curcuma were found to be extensively used to treat a wide variety of ailments in Indonesia.

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COVID-19 Pandemic: Home Remedies for Immunity Boosting

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl1.3075 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽

pp. 734-738

Author(s):

Prashant Bhokardankar ◽

Bharat Rathi ◽

Mujahid Khan ◽

Renu Rathi

Keyword(s):

Disease Burden ◽

Withania Somnifera ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Vital Role ◽

Scientific Data ◽

Ocimum Sanctum ◽

Herbal Drugs ◽

Health Issues ◽

Home Remedies

COVID- 19 has created a lot of hazardous health issues worldwide. Research fraternity around the world is trying to find out vaccine or medicines against the virus. In this pandemic situation, there is a need for remedies to boost the immunity to fight against the virus. Ayurveda treatises have described several herbal drugs which are used as home remedies and are said to be effective against all microorganisms and effective in boosting immunity. Home remedies can be played a vital role as immunomodulant. Hence in this paper, an attempt is made to review such home remedies and identify its efficacy on various conditions. The relevant references were searched on the internet to find out the scientific data available on home remedies. Fumigation, Rasayan drugs, a decoction of herbal medicines found more useful. Tinospra cordifolia, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Ocimum sanctum, Withania somnifera, Curcuma longa are most decorated single herbal drugs used as home remedies for boosting the immunity. Considering the global disease burden caused by COVID-19, there is an urgent need to explore and widened the use of home remedies to fight against COVID-19 menace effectively.

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Herbal Products for Management of COVID- 19

10.4018/978-1-7998-8225-1.ch015 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 242-252

Author(s):

Simran Jeet Kaur

Keyword(s):

Respiratory System ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Ocimum Sanctum ◽

Herbal Therapy ◽

Primary Target ◽

Herbal Products ◽

Cardiac Tissues ◽

New Era ◽

Novel Coronavirus

COVID-19 is a human-infectious virus. The respiratory system is the primary target of the coronavirus, but it can also harm cardiac tissues and gastrointestinal organs. Many frequent circumstances, such as the medication's or medicine's purpose, the dosage/potency of the drug, and the patient's condition, can place patients in grave danger. Several cures have been reported using a variety of therapy methods. Among the various treatments, natural and synthetic medicines are the most commonly documented. Some herbal medicines, such as Tribulusterrestris, Withaniasomnifera, Curcuma longa, Ocimum sanctum, and Phyllanthusemblica, have powerful antiviral (AntiCOV-19) properties against novel coronavirus, heralding the start of a new era in herbal therapy.

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Laboratory-Scale Preparation and Characterization of Dried Extract of Muirapuama (Ptychopetalum olacoides Benth) by Green Analytical Techniques

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25051095 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (5) ◽

pp. 1095

Author(s):

Ester Paulitsch Trindade ◽

Franklin Teixeira Regis ◽

Gabriel Araújo da Silva ◽

Breno Nunes Aguillar ◽

Marcelo Vítor de Paiva Amorim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Near Infrared ◽

Moisture Absorption ◽

Spectroscopic Method ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Principal Component ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Analytical Techniques ◽

Least Squares Regression ◽

Sem Images

This work reports on the preparation of a drying process from the ethanolic extract of Muirapuama and its characterization through green analytical techniques. The spray-drying processes were performed by using ethanolic extract in a ratio of 1:1 extract/excipient and 32 factorial design. The properties of dried powder were investigated in terms of total flavonoid content, moisture content, powder yield, and particle size distribution. An analytical eco-scale was applied to assess the greenness of the developed protocol. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)with reduced solvent consumption in the analysis was compared to the conventional HPLC method. A Fourier transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopic method was applied based on the principal component scores for the prediction of extract/excipient mixtures and partial least squares regression model for quantitative analysis. NIR spectroscopy is an economic, powerful, and fast methodology for the detection of excipient in muirapuama dried extracts, generating no residue in the analysis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed samples with a higher concentration of excipient, presenting better morphological characteristics and a lower moisture absorption rate. An eco-scale score value of 85 was achieved for UHPLC and 100 was achieved for NIR (excellent green analysis). Above all, these methods are rapid and green for the routine analysis of herbal medicines based on dried extracts.

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