scholarly journals PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION TRENDS OF NATURAL GAS OF TURKMENISTAN THE YEARS FROM 2009 TO 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-244
Author(s):  
Arslan VEPAYEV ◽  
Ozan DENİZ
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Free Market ◽  
National Development ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Social Market Economy ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The World ◽  
Social Market

In this study, natural gas production and consumption of Turkmenistan has been mentioned for years. Leaving the Soviet system in 1991, Turkmenistan started to take the first steps to move its economy from a closed system to a free market system. To raise its economy to the level of developed states, Turkmenistan has come by implementing new regulations in social and industrial areas within 10 years. Turkmenistan has chosen an international, open, and pluralist economic model since its independence. This model has projected the "10-Year National Development Program" to ensure the economic development of the country and to be carried out according to the targets and plans. The main goal of the development program can be shown as placing the country among the first world countries, a social market economy, managing the country within its means, and encouraging international investors to structural and economic investments. Today, World trade represents the liberalization trend. Liberalization of trade and markets provides the necessary foreign savings and foreign exchange needs to finance economic development with the help of foreign investments in developing countries such as Turkmenistan. Being a country with very rich natural resources, Turkmenistan aims to improve the country's economy by processing these resources and presenting them to the world markets. According to data in 2009, Russia is the largest importer of natural gas, the country's most important export product, while Iran is the second. During this period, exports to China are at a low level. However, while gas exports to Russia and Iran decreased to very low levels over time, China became the biggest consumer of Turkmenistan natural gas. In this, the relations of countries, energy needs, and investments made by demanding countries and the geographical distribution trends of the natural gas consumption-supply demand balance in the world. 2009-2019 is the economic advancement decade in the energy sector of Turkmenistan as a result of exploring and producing new gas reserves in the country, after which consumers gained conscious consumption as well as concluding new agreements with investors.

The World. Challenges of the Global Crisis. Germany

2014 ◽  
pp. 38-52
Author(s):  
I. Semenenko ◽  
G. Irishin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Social Market Economy ◽  
The Political ◽  
Leadership Positions ◽  
Economy Model ◽  
Political Landscape ◽  
The World ◽  
Social Market ◽  
The Eu

The economic crisis of 2008–2009 highlighted new problems in the development of the German social market economy model and brought to the forefront the factors of its resilience that have ensured Germany’s leadership positions in the EU. Changes in economic policy have affected in the first place the energy and the financial sectors. Shifts in the political landscape have led to the appearance of new political parties. These changes have affected the results of the 2013 elections, the liberal democrats failure to enter the Bundestag has made the winner – CDU – seek new coalition partners.

Gas in Tanzania

2020 ◽  
pp. 232-255
Author(s):  
Mark Henstridge
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Geological Engineering ◽  
Market Risks ◽  
The Fantastic

There are large volumes of gas offshore Tanzania, which has raised hopes of a boom and accelerated economic development. With such big numbers associated with the natural gas, it is not hard to imagine the fantastic prospects of increased wealth and accelerated development. But those hopes look set to be disappointed. A boom would depend heavily on there being a sizeable flow of revenue to government from producing and exporting gas. This chapter sets out the scale of the gas, and the array of risks which currently make investment in gas production, and any associated boom, unlikely. As well as geological, engineering, and market risks, the risks to investment from public policy have been elevated over the last few years.

scholarly journals Impact of Education on Sustainable Economic Development in Emerging Markets—The Case of Namibia’s Tertiary Education System and its Economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 8814
Author(s):  
Moritz Jellenz ◽  
Vito Bobek ◽  
Tatjana Horvat
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Education System ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
National Development ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Sustainable Economic Development

The research’s fundamental investigation elaborates on interactions between tertiary educational factors and Namibia’s sustainable economic development. Sequential mixed-research-method guides the investigation towards its results: A quantitative statistical data analysis enables the selection of interrelated educational and economic factors and monitors its development within Namibia’s last three decades. Subsequent qualitative interviews accumulate respondents’ subjective assessments that enable answering the fundamental interaction. Globally evident connections between a nation’s tertiary education system and its economic development are partially confirmed within Namibia. The domestic government recognizes the importance of education that represents a driving force for its sustainable economic development. Along with governmental NDP’s (National Development Program) and its long-term Vision 2030, Namibia is on the right track in transforming itself into a Knowledge-Based and Sustainable Economy. This transformation process increases human capital, growing GDP, and enhances domestic’s living standards. Namibia’s multiculturalism and its unequal resource distribution provoke difficulties for certain ethnicities accessing educational institutions. Namibia’s tertiary education system’s other challenges are missing infrastructures, lacking curricula’ quality, and absent international expertise. The authors’ findings suggest that, due to Namibia’s late independence, there is a substantial need to catch up in creating a Namibian identity. Socioeconomic actions would enhance domestic’s self-esteem and would enable the development of sustainable economic sectors. Raising the Namibian tertiary education system’s educational quality and enhancing its access could lead to diversification of economic sectors, accelerating its internationalization process. Besides that, Namibia has to face numerous challenges, including corruption, unemployment, and multidimensional poverty, that interact with its tertiary education system.

scholarly journals Priority directions of development “Uzbekneftegas” jsc in the conditions of globalization of the world economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 01008
Author(s):  
G.Zh. Allaeva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Economic Globalization ◽  
Hydrocarbon Production ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Republic

The article considers the role of “Uzbekneftegas” JSC in the economic development of the fuel and energy complex of the Republic in the face of increasing global economic globalization. The structure of the company, the priority areas for the development of JSC activities are shown. The perspective directions in hydrocarbon production are considered. The data on the production, use and distribution of natural gas by sectors of the economy of Uzbekistan are presented, and the structure of the energy balance of the Republic of Uzbekistan is shown.

THE AMBER BRANCH OF UKRAINE: THE ISSUE OF DEVELOPING THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
A. Komliev
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
National Development ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Base ◽  
The World ◽  
Systematic Methodology ◽  
To Come

In recent years, one of the brands of Ukraine has been amber. This is important for our country, because in the world thefashion for amber jewelry is preserved for centuries. Amber is constantly studied, all its new natural properties, consumerqualities are opened. Amber and products of its processing are now widely used in medicine, pharmaceuticals, perfumery,machine building, chemical, furniture, food improvement, food industry and agriculture. Worldwide the demand for amber raw materials is rising and so are the prices. Today, the industry is rapidly developing in Ukraine ("amber"), which includes theexploration, extraction and processing of amber. The development of the "amber" industry in Ukraine has caused a wholecomplex of interconnected problems. They (as well as the industry as a whole) are now the object of national security of thecountry. The only integrated national development program is one of them.The legislative basis for the development of the amber sphere is generally present in Ukraine, yet the matter of normativelegalhas not been finalized yet. The main issue in the development of the amber sphere in Ukraine is the limitation of the basis ofraw materials. In spite of the great demand and potentially great stock, Ukraine is not ready to access the world marketsascertain significant income in foreign currency. The broadening of the raw material base in the amber sphere is currentlyongoing in Ukraine by extraction in the already known sources and the opening of new ones. The second way is the strategic onewhich will determine the development of the amber sphere for the years to come. Its basis should be formed by the forecastsearching system of amber, the systematic methodology and comprehensive methods of research.

The Economic System: The Evangelical Basis of a Social Market Economy

1981 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Novak
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Social Market Economy ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
The World ◽  
Rerum Novarum ◽  
Christian Thought ◽  
Social Market

The world is entering yet another age of economics. Virtually all the major problems which preoccupy governments are economic problems — problems of growth and limits, food and fuel, employment and inflation, productivity and expanding populations, development and justice. The official documents of the churches since Rerum Novarum (1891) seem more and more preoccupied with economics. Yet there is hardly a less developed area in the tradition of Christian thought, whether in philosophy or in theology, than the relation of Christianity to economics.

scholarly journals Peran Zakat Terhadap Pemberdayaan Dan Kesejahteraan Mustahiq

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akmalur Rijal
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
National Development ◽  
Basic Needs ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Large Role ◽  
Economic Level ◽  
The World ◽  
Crucial Problem ◽  
Causes Of Poverty

Poverty is a crucial problem that is being faced by all nations in the world, including Indonesia. This condition will certainly disrupt national development and stability. Therefore, what is needed now is a solution that can help overcome the problems. The poverty is defined as the inability of a person to fulfill his basic needs because of his powerlessness in accessing or mastering economic resources. The inequality of economic development is one of the causes of poverty. Welfare is a condition that is a hope for every citizen. But in reality not all citizens can easily get welfare. The empowerment of productive zakat funds has a very large role in the business mustahiq, because of the limitation to increase capital in its business, so that zakat funds become one of the solutions to advance business mustahiq. Productive zakat has the specificity of being channeled to the production business of mustahiq. Productive businesses carried out by mustahiq with capital from productive zakat. His efforts are expected to be able to continue to grow, so that being able to raise the economic level of mustahiq so that achieving prosperity can even become muzakki. Keywords: Zakat, Mustahiq, Zakat Empowerment

scholarly journals Current state of the gas industry of the republic of kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
pp. 201-208
Author(s):  
Z. A. Imangozhina
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Gas Pipelines ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Sphere Of Influence

The Republic of Kazakhstan possesses large reserves of natural resources. Gas is one of the most demanded energy resources in the world today. Kazakhstan is one of the 30 leading countries in terms of gas reserves and production, while constantly increasing its production potential and expanding its sphere of influence in the gas field in the world. In percentage terms, Kazakhstan owns 1.7% of the world's proven natural gas reserves. This article analyzes the indicators of the country's gas industry development. There was prepared a forecast of natural gas production up to 2030, it was made using the Brown model of moving average (CC model). The analysis of indicators of gas transportation through pipelines, such as transit and export, is made. The location on the map plays an important role in the development of the gas industry in Kazakhstan, as gas pipelines connecting Europe and Asia pass through its territory. Transit gas pipelines are used both for gas supplies to the domestic market of the country and for gas exports. The total length of high, medium and low pressure gas pipelines in Kazakhstan is 28,628 km. In addition to positive indicators indicating the stable development of the industry, the factors hindering the development of the gas industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan are identified.

scholarly journals Pengelolaan Program Pendidikan Nonformal untuk Kelompok Masyarakat Lanjut Usia

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Irmawita Irmawita
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
National Development ◽  
Development Program ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Target Group ◽  
Development Economic ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
National Life

The essence of national development is to build on a solid foundation and strong foundation in the form of certain conditions in various national life. Community development there are two challenges that need to be considered to build the organization (organization development) and economic development (economic development). In the development of organizations, the organization is the frame work of every form of cooperation to achieve a common goal, therefore it needs to be built on the basis of a democratic, dynamic and harmonious relationship. Likewise with the elderly community groups, based on Boyle's taxonomic thinking about the type of non-formal education is divided into three types: developmental, institutional, and informational. Developmental programs are also called community development programs, where the main program objectives are solving social, economic, cultural, political, and defense and security problems facing the target group through action programs. An instituional program is also called a training program aimed at mastering a set of capabilities (knowledge, attitudes and / or skills) by the target group. While the informational program can be called also with counseling or publicity, aims to achieve a set of information by the target group. Thus the community development program is one of the types of non-formal education programs.

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