scholarly journals Rooting capacity of grape cuttings in the north-western caspian region

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Elena Vladimirovna Polukhina ◽  
Natalia Vladimirovna Tyutyuma
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
The North ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Good Ability ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
The Gift ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
Research Period

Experience in studying the rootability of grape cuttings was conducted on the territory of the vineyard of the Precaspian agrarian federal scientific center of the Russian academy of sciences, located in the Chernoyarsky district of the Astrakhan region. The research period is from 2015 to 2019. The relevance of the research is due to the insufficient availability of local planting material in the regions of the Russian Federation, as well as the high efficiency of the method for obtaining grape seedlings on their own roots. The purpose of the research was to study the survival rate of grape cuttings in the crop and identify varieties that are characterized by the best rooting ability. The article presents data on the ability to root cuttings of grapes of 18 table varieties of different maturation periods. The lowest rooting rate in the experiment had varieties Cardinal, Straseni, Memory Negros, the Gift to Zaporozhye, Karaburnu. It was found that the use of early – maturing varieties Kodryanka, Bogatyrsky, Lora, middle – matured-Husain pink and Lowland, late-matured-Moscow, Sevan, Soviet, the level of rootability of which varied from 44.2 to 71.4 %, is optimal for obtaining root-related seedlings of grapes.These varieties have a good ability to rhizogenesis, which allows us to recommend them for accelerated propagation of grape varieties.

scholarly journals Breeding of fodder crops for high yields and early maturity in Siberia

2019 ◽  
pp. 138-143
Author(s):  
N. I. Kashevarov ◽  
R. I. Polyudina ◽  
D. A. Potapov
Keyword(s):  
Red Clover ◽  
The State ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
State Register ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The Institutions of the Siberian Federal Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences have created 118 cultivars of 32 crops up to 2019. The early maturing winter hardy high yielding cultivars of red clover have been first obtained in Siberia, among them are Meteor, Pamyati Lisitsyna (4x) and Prima (2x) cultivars. Four cultivars of sudan grass Novosibirskaya 84, Lira, Dostyk and Karagandinskaya were created. Three cultivars of soybean such as SibNIIK-315, SibNIIK-9, Gorinskaya and five canola cultivars have been included in the State register. Sibiryachka cultivar of oil radish was created first in Siberia.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF NATIONAL AND FOREIGN SAMPLES OF COCKSFOOT GRASS IN THE NORTHERN REGION

2019 ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
A. G. Tulinov ◽  
T. V. Kosolapova
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
The North ◽  
World Collection ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The cocksfoot grass is a valuable early ripe forage crop with good yield and excellent feed quality. It is used to create hayfields and pastures and is a component of grasslands of meadows of almost all regions of the Komi Republic. However, the expansion of varieties adapted to the soil and climate of the North needs this valuable crop. For this purpose from 2015 to 2018 there was the research of the varieties and wild populations of the cocksfoot grass of the world collection for further use in the creation of new adaptive varieties. The experiment took place in 2015 at the experimental field of the Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Komi Scientific Center, the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Syktyvkar). The soil of the plot is sod-podzol, medium loamy in granulometric composition. The collection of nursery-garden included 10 samples of the cocksfoot grass of various ecological and geographical origin. As a standard, the Neva variety was taken. The experiments were carried out using seedlings according to the scheme 80x50 cm, the plot area was 10 m2, four repetition. Varietal samples were evaluated by winter hardness, indicators of productivity of green mass and seeds. Meteorological conditions during the years of research allowed us to evaluate the winter hardness of the cocksfoot grass samples. As a result of evaluating 10 samples, wild-growing samples from the Komi Republic (42733, 43024, 45945) and Norway (41826) were distinguished for a number of economically valuable traits, characterized by high winter hardness, even germination and green mass productivity on average for 3 years - 21.523.7 t/ha, dry weight - 4.7-5.1 t/ha and seeds - 354-576 kg / ha. These samples provide valuable starting material for further breeding work.

scholarly journals Economically valuable traits of collected sesame samples tested in the conditions of the Astrakhan region

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (183) ◽  
pp. 71-74
Author(s):  
М.Sh. Asfandiyarova ◽  
◽  
Т.P. Rybakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Standard Level ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

In 2017–2018, we studied 45 sesame samples from the VIR collection in the experimental fields of the Cis-Caspian Agrarian Federal Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (PAFNC RAN). According to temperature indicators, conditions of the years of a research were favorable for the growth and development of sesame. The sum of positive temperatures over the years was equal 3253.8 and 3249.7 °C, respectively. The length of the vegetative period of samples varied from 104 to 133 days. The earliest maturing samples (98–105 days) were KK-80 and 741 from Uzbekistan and K-802 from Tajikistan. As middle-early maturing (106–115 days) 11 samples were characterized, 25 samples were middle maturing (116–125 days), and five samples were late maturing (126–133 days). The most of the samples (33 samples) had seeds of average size (1000 seeds weight of 3.0–3.4 g) at the standard level (3.1 g). By a complex of economically valuable traits we selected 30 samples. The samples KK-883, 291, 171, 265, 468 from Uzbekistan, Azerbaijan, Turkey, Tunisia and Malta demonstrated the highest yield (3.0–4.3 t/ha). Very early maturing samples of sesame with high yields are of great interest and can be used in breeding work.

scholarly journals The results of ecological testing of early and mid-season potato varieties in the Komi Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-339
Author(s):  
A. G. Tulinov ◽  
A. Yu. Lobanov
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Search and introduction of new potato varieties that can be recommended for cultivation in soil and climatic conditions of the Komi Republic are especially important against the background of the average yield in the region of 12.1 t/ha, that is 6.7 t/ha lower than the average in Russia. In 2019-2020 on the basis of the A. V. Zhuravsky Institute of Agrobiotechnology of the Federal Research Center of the Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, there were tested potato varieties of the early maturing group – Armada, Meteor, Gulliver, Taifun and Krepysh (standard) and the mid-season group – Varyag, Vympel, Krasa Meshchery, Kumach, Fritella, Vychegodskii and Zyryanets (standard). From the early maturing group, the varieties Armada and Gulliver have been selected as giving a consistently high yield, which exceeded the standard by 6.8-7.1 t/ha on average for two years. Among mid-season varieties no one reliably exceeded the standard variety Zyryanets in terms of yield productivity. The highest yield and marketability was noted for the Fritella variety – 30.5 t/ha and 97 %. All the varieties under study, except for Vychegodskii, showed an average resistance of the tops to late blight damage. Moderate early blight damage of the tops (up to 20 % of the leaf surface) was noted in three varieties – Meteor, Taifun and Vychegodski. The following varieties showed high resistance to common scab - Vympel (no damage), Zyryanets (few lesions) and Gulliver (up to 10 % of tuber surface damage). In all studied varieties the potato tubers were not affected by late blight during both years of research. For cultivation, the agricultural producers of the Komi Republic should use the varieties Armada (29.7 t/ha), Gulliver (28.1 t/ha), Vympel (29.2 t/ha), Fritella (30.5 t/ha), which have good resistance to phytopathogens and high quality of tubers.

scholarly journals Common oak survival in the forest ecosystem of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain in the north of Astrakhan region

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-263
Author(s):  
Anna A. Bakaneva
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
The North ◽  
The Right ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Common Oak ◽  
Wind And Water Erosion

Forests in our natural environment play an important role. They are a necessary natural resource and perform many functions in the forest ecosystem. As in our country, as well as abroad, due to numerous studies, the enormous role of forests in preserving the ecological balance of the environment has been confirmed. To ensure the uniqueness of the Astrakhan region, it is necessary to restore Lower Volga forests, which in turn perform significant functions, namely: influence on hydrological regime, protect soil from degradation, wind and water erosion, preserve recreational potential of the territory and provide local population with stable agricultural production. In spring and fall of 2019, employees of the Precaspian Agrarian Federal Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences planted 120 seedlings of common oak (60 plants in spring and 60 plants in autumn) in the areas located in the right bank of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain to the south of Solenoye Zaimishche village. At the end of October 2020, 64 seedlings (53 %) of common oak survived. The best (100 %) survival rate was noted in annual seedlings, which were planted in spring at the site with shading. The greatest plant death (20 %) was in two-year-old seedlings planted in fall at sites with no shading.

scholarly journals Scientific biography of the explorer of northern territories, geologist A. A. Chernov in the works of Russian researchers

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
Anastasia Grigorievna Osedakh
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
Scientific Biography ◽  
Coal Basin ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
European North ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The subject of this article is life and research activity of the Soviet geologist, paleontologist, Doctor of Geology and Mineralogy, explorer of the European North-East of Russia, discoverer of the Pechora coal basin – Alexander Chernov (1877-1963). The object of this research is the Russian historiography on his scientific biography. The goal a consists in the analysis of biographical essays, writings, newspaper notes about A. A. Chernov, available information on his scientific biography, as well as insufficiently studied topics. It is determined that the historiography of works dedicated to A. A. Chernov is extensive, and describes life path of the scholar, his academicc, pedagogical, and social activities. The author indicates Chernov’s role in training geology scholars in the process of institutionalization of science in the North, namely the Institute of Geology of Komi Scientific Center of Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, organization of exploration works in the European North-East of Russia. His remarkable contribution to geological exploration of the territories of Russian North along with the discovery of Pechora coal basin is described. It is revealed that the history of establishment and development of Chernov’s scientific school, formed on the premises of Guerrier Courses in Moscow and in the Komi Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union remains insufficiently studied.

scholarly journals Development features and practical value of introduced species of the genus Sorbus L. in the North

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 116-121
Author(s):  
Olga Valerievna Skrotskaya
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Reproduction ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Asian Origin ◽  
The North ◽  
Mountain Ash ◽  
Local Reproduction ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

In the Botanical Garden of the Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, a collection of plants of the genus Sorbus complex is studied. Currently it includes 23 species and more than 40 samples of different geographical origin, as well as nine varieties. The studied plants are in the pregenerative and generative periods of ontogenesis. The morphobiological features of individuals of different species of mountain ash at these stages of development were determined. Introducers of East Asian origin in the conditions of the North have time to fully complete the cycle of seasonal development and are highly winter-resistant. Plants that have entered the generative period of development form full seeds. Experiments on vegetative reproduction with the use of stimulants of root formation and without them showed a different ability of half-woody cuttings of the species and varieties of mountain ash to rooting. The most promising for further cultivation in cold climates and the selection of decorative and productive forms can be considered species of East Asian and American origin, as the most winter-hardy. Other specimens of S. mougeottii and S. austriaca (species no less interesting as ornamental and fruit plants) should be brought to the test as well as plants of these species should be grown from the seeds of local reproduction.

scholarly journals ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ И МОРФОЛОГО-БИОХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ИНКУБАЦИОННЫХ ЯИЦ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННЫХ ПОРОД ИНДЕЕК

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Pool ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
The North ◽  
Shape Indices ◽  
Egg Morphology ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Russian Research

КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА: ИНДЕЙКИ, ПОРОДЫ, ГЕНОФОНД, ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ, ИНКУБАЦИОННЫЕ ЯЙЦА, МОРФОЛОГИЯ ЯИЦ, БИОХИМИЧЕСКИЙ СОСТАВ ЯИЦ АННОТАЦИЯ: Целью настоящей работы явилось определение продуктивных особенностей, морфологических и биохимических характеристик инкубационных яиц переярых индеек биоресурсной коллекции в начале, середине и конце продуктивного периода при групповом учете. Исследования проводились в производственных условиях СГЦ «СКЗОСП» на индейках биоресурсной коллекции: шести пород основного генофонда и четырех популяций нового генофонда - голубых, красных и групп 602 и 607. Установлено, что средняя живая масса переярых индеек основного генофонда в начале яйцекладки превосходила стандартные значения. Наиболее высокая масса яиц (83,07 г) отмечена у бронзовой северокавказской породы. Индекс формы яиц у индеек генофонда находился в переделах 68,53-72,93%. Единицы Хау во всех породах находились в пределах 92,93-94,73%, соответствуя стандарту. Содержание витамина В2 в белке яиц было в пределах нормы у бронзовой северокавказской и узбекской палевой пород; превышение норматива наблюдалось у белой северокавказской (на 0,43 мкг/г), московской белой (на 0,67 мкг/г) и черной тихорецкой (на 0,75 мкг/г) пород. Лучший показатель по живой массе в 16 недель отмечен у белой северокавказской (5,54 кг) и московской белой (5,63 кг) пород; в этих же породах самцы имели высокую мясную оценку (от 4,47 до 4,55 балла). Живая масса индюшат-самцов в группе 607 составила 5,98 кг. THE PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE, MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL EGG INDICES IN RUSSIAN TURKEY BREEDS OF GENE POOL COLLECTION POGODAEV V.A.1, BURAVTSOVA I.N.2, ROMANENKO I.V.2, KOLOBOVA O.E.2 1 North-Caucasian Federal Scientific Agrarian Center 2 Federal Scientific Center “All-Russian Research and Technological Institute of Poultry” of Russian Academy of Sciences The productive performance, morphological and biochemical egg indices in Russian turkey breeds of gene pool collection of the North-Caucasian Zonal Experimental Station for Poultry were determined in the molted hens in the beginning, middle, and finishing stages of the second season of lay. Six breeds of the gene pool and four new populations (blue, red, group 602, and group 607) were analyzed. Average hen weight at the beginning of lay in all 6 gene pool breeds exceeded the standards for the breeds. The highest average egg weight throughout the second season of lay was found in Bronze North-Caucasian breed (83.07 g). Shape indices of eggs in all 6 breeds fell within the range 68.53-72.93%; Haugh units were 92.93-94.73% and corresponded to the standards. Concentration of vitamin B2 in the albumen was normal in Bronze Nor-Caucasian and Uzbek Fauve breeds; in 3 breeds this parameter was above the normal range (by 0.43 μg/g in White North-Caucasian, by 0.67 μg/g in Moscow White, and by 0.75 μg/g in Black Tikhoretskaya breeds). The highest live bodyweight in males at 16 weeks of age was found in White North-Caucasian (5.54 kg) and Moscow White (5.63 kg) breeds; these breeds also featured the highest average scores of meat quality (4.47-4.55 scores out of 5). Among new populations the highest live bodyweight in males at 16 weeks of age was found in group 607 (5.98 kg). Keywords: TURKEY, BREEDS, GENE POOL COLLECTION, PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE, EGGS FOR INCUBATION, EGG MORPHOLOGY, BIOCHEMICAL EGG INDICES

The rare, Georgian wine grape in modern enology

2020 ◽  
pp. 809-823
Author(s):  
Nino Chkhartishvili ◽  
Londa Mamasakhlisashvili ◽  
Irma Tchanturia ◽  
Demetre Bakradze
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Grape Variety ◽  
Wine Grapes ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Genetic Pool ◽  
Grape Varieties

Preserving rare grapes is not just a matter of variety. Recent dna research has shown that unusual and unknown grape varieties provide clues to wine history. During the centuries, 525 Georgian grape varieties had been known but most of them were degenerated. Nowadays, more than 437 rare Georgian vine varieties are preserved in the geo 038 collection of Agricultural Research-Scientific Center, established in 2014 under the Environment Protection and agriculture ministry. Study of the genetic pool of Georgian grape varieties determine the sustainability of the sector and enrichment of the modern wine market. For this reason the studies of the rare aboriginal grape varieties have begun by their ampelography, phenology, chemical, and oeno-caprological characterizes. The aim of this study is to investigate rare, Georgian, aboriginal wine-grapes by their ampelography, chemical and oenolo-caprological characterizes, and to offer different style and aroma wines to the market, enriching the modern wine assortment. The present study investigated firstly the rare Georgian aboriginal grape variety (Chvitiluri) by its characterizes. In this study grapes caprologycal indication, dynamic development of the sugar accumulation, TA and pH in berries, polyphenols extract in skin and seeds, and phenolic compounds were determined. The grape has been compared with Georgian and French wine-grapes and their products as well. The results show that the grape variety - Chvitiluri, and vinification technique (aging on lee) have the significant impact on the total phenol content in wine. White varietal wine contents high alcohol 13,2%, total phenols 733-500mg/l. Wine has specific, varietal characterizes color, taste, aroma. This study indicates that the rare local, aboriginal variety presents the perspective sort for wine production and can be returned in wine production.

ПРЕРЫВИСТОЕ ОСВЕЩЕНИЕ ПОВЫШАЕТ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ИСКУССТВЕННОГО ОСЕМЕНЕНИЯ КУР В КЛЕТКАХ

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Egg Fertility

Intermittent Lighting Improves the Efficiency of Artificial Insemination in Cage Housed Laying Hens Kavtarashvili A.Sh., Kolokolnikova T.N. Federal Scientific Center “All-Russian Research and Technological Poultry Institute” of Russian Academy of Sciences Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center Summary: The effects of different lighting regimes on the oviposition schedule, productive performance, and reproductive efficiency in cage housed laying hens of layer parental flock (Hisex White-R) were studied; the reasonable regime of artificial insemination (AI) under intermittent lighting is proposed. It was found that intermittent lighting regime 1L:4D:4L:1D:4L:10D compared to the constant lighting significantly alters oviposition schedule: under this regime 82.3% of all daily eggs were laid until 9 am (vs. 66.6% in control). This regime and AI at 10 am improved the productive and reproductive performance compared to control (constant lighting 16L:8D and AI at 12 am): mortality by 1.9%, egg production per initial hen by 3.8%, egg weight by 1.1%, percentage of eggs suitable for incubation by 1.9%, egg fertility by 0.9%, hatchability by 2.3%, hatch of chicks by 2.9%, feed conversion ratio (kg of feed per 10 eggs) by 5.3%, the expenses of electric energy for lighting (per 1000 eggs suitable for incubation) by 54.5%. Key words: INTERMITTENT LIGHTING, CAGE HOUSED LAYERS, ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION (AI), OVIPOSITION SCHEDULE, AI TIMING, PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE, REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE

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