scholarly journals Comparative effectiveness of flea allergic dermatitis treatment regimens in dogs and cats

2021 ◽  
pp. 78-81
Author(s):  
Andrey Aleksandrovich Fedorin ◽  
Nikolay Alexandrovich Pudovkin ◽  
Yulia Rifovna Borodina ◽  
Sergey Dmitrievich Klyukin
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Comparative Effectiveness ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Tablet Form ◽  
Allergic Dermatitis ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Full Force ◽  
Rapid Relief

The article discusses the influence of external factors on the degree of risk of infection with flea allergic dermatitis among pets. Studied modern veterinary drugs that can be used to treat and prevent flea allergic dermatitis caused by flea lesions. Also, effective regimens for the treatment and prevention of flea allergic dermatitis have been drawn up. It was found that the preparation in the form of a collar is less effective than preparations in the form of "Spot-on". A flea collar is also less effective in dogs with thick coats. The drug in the form of "Spot-on" contact action begins to act after 12 hours, in contrast to the collar, which begins to act in full force after two days. The peculiarity of the form of release of the drug "Spot-on" allows it to evenly disperse on the skin of the animal and prevent a flea bite. This leads to rapid relief of itching and excludes new scratching. The tablet form does not fully protect against flea bites, which leads to a new outbreak of dietary supplements in the animal. The use of Spot-on drops in one of the group of subjects and the collar in the other group increased the effect of protection against flea bites and reduced the risk of developing dietary supplements in dogs. For cats, it is recommended to regularly treat fleas with the Spot-on contact action drug, the effectiveness of which has been proven by a decrease in the number of fleas in animals after the first day of treatment, in contrast to the form of release of the drug in the form of a collar. Droplet formulations in cats have also been shown to reduce itching and scratching.

Urinary Tract Infections

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigal Yawetz
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
First Line ◽  
Symptomatic Infection ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Recurrent Uti ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common bacterial infection, affecting women far more than men. Aerobic gram-negative bacteria are the most common uropathogens causing UTI, with Escherichia coli remaining the most predominant organism in complicated infections. UTI can result in a variety of infections and inflammations, from asymptomatic bacteriuria to typical symptomatic cystitis to acute pyelonephritis, as well as bacterial prostatitis in men. In general, antimicrobial therapy is warranted for any symptomatic infection of the urinary tract. However, new consensus treatment guidelines for uncomplicated UTI in women, set by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the European Society for Microbiology of Infection Diseases in 2010, account for the increasing antimicrobial resistance of pathogens and focus on first-line empirical treatment regimens. To reduce the use of antibiotics, treatment and prevention of recurrent UTI may involve several strategies on varying levels of effectiveness; some of the more well-tested options include probiotics, antiseptics, and topical estrogen. Antimicrobial approaches should be reserved for women in whom these options prove to be ineffective. This review contains 7 figures, 10 tables, and 122 references.

scholarly journals Initial Results from a Pilot Comparative Effectiveness Study of 3 Methotrexate-based Consensus Treatment Plans for Juvenile Localized Scleroderma

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1242-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne C. Li ◽  
Kathryn S. Torok ◽  
C. Egla Rabinovich ◽  
Fatma Dedeoglu ◽  
Mara L. Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Effectiveness ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Localized Scleroderma ◽  
Disease Extent ◽  
Response Level ◽  
Childhood Arthritis ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Treatment Plans ◽  
Juvenile Localized Scleroderma

Objective.To perform a comparative effectiveness feasibility study in juvenile localized scleroderma (LS), using standardized treatment regimens (consensus treatment plans; CTP).Methods.A prospective, multicenter 1-year pilot observational cohort study was performed by Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) LS workgroup members. Patients with active, moderate to severe juvenile LS were treated with one of 3 CTP: methotrexate alone, or in combination with intravenous (30 mg/kg/dose for 3 mos) or oral corticosteroids (2 mg/kg/day tapered by 48 weeks).Results.Fifty patients, with demographics typical for juvenile LS, were enrolled, and 44 (88%) completed the study. Most had extracutaneous involvement. Patients improved in all 3 CTP, with > 75% having a major or moderate level of improvement compared to baseline. Damage accrued in some patients. Major deviations from prescribed regimen resulted from medication intolerance (n = 6; 14%) or treatment failure (n = 11; 25%); failures occurred in all 3 CTP. Significant responses to treatment were demonstrated by LS skin scoring measures and overall physician assessments, with differences in response level identified in some patient subsets. Response differences were associated with baseline disease activity level, LS subtype, skin disease extent, and extracutaneous involvement.Conclusion.This study demonstrates the feasibility of conducting juvenile LS comparative effectiveness studies. The CTP were found to be safe, effective, and tolerable. Our assessments performed well. Because damage is common and may progress despite effective control of activity, we recommend initial treatment efficacy be evaluated primarily by activity measures. Potential confounders for response were identified that warrant further study.

scholarly journals REVIEW ON PANDEMIC OUTBREAK OF CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19): VIROLOGY, AVAILABLE TREATMENT, PREVENTION, AND FUTURE PROJECTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Abhijit Mohan Kanavaje ◽  
Vipul Ajit Sansare
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Future Projection ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Since the outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, this disease has spread rapidly around the globe. On 11 March 2020, WHO declared Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) outbreak as a pandemic and reiterated the call for countries to take immediate actions and scale up the response to treat, detect and reduce transmission to save people’s lives. As of 3 April 2020, according to the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (MoHFW), a total of 2301 COVID-19 cases (including 55 foreign nationals) have been reported in 29 states/union territories. These include 156 who have been cured/discharged,1 who has migrated, and 56 deaths in India. Considering the potential threat of a pandemic, scientists and physicians have been racing to understand this new virus and the pathophysiology of this disease to uncover possible treatment regimens and discover effective therapeutic agents and vaccines. The objective of this review article was to have a preliminary opinion about the disease, the ways of treatment, and prevention in this early stage of this outbreak.

scholarly journals Myth Busters: Dietary Supplements and COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 820-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen K. Adams ◽  
William L. Baker ◽  
Diana M. Sobieraj
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Evidence Based Guidelines

News and social media platforms have implicated dietary supplements in the treatment and prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). During this pandemic when information quickly evolves in the presence of contradicting messages and misinformation, the role of the pharmacist is essential. Here, we review theoretical mechanisms and evidence related to efficacy and safety of select supplements in the setting of COVID-19, including vitamin C, vitamin D, zinc, elderberry, and silver. Evidence evaluating these supplements in COVID-19 patients is lacking, and providers and patients should not rely on dietary supplements to prevent or treat COVID-19. Rather, reference to evidence-based guidelines should guide treatment decisions.

scholarly journals Daratumumab in combination with proteasome inhibitors, rapidly decreases polyclonal immunoglobulins and increases infection risk among relapsed multiple myeloma patients: a single center retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 204062072110352
Author(s):  
Roy Vitkon ◽  
Dan Netanely ◽  
Shai Levi ◽  
Tomer Ziv-Baran ◽  
Ronit Ben-Yzak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Proteasome Inhibitors ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Line Therapy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Polyclonal Igg ◽  
Immunomodulating Drugs ◽  
Igg Level

Background: Daratumumab (Dara) is generally well tolerated, but is associated with increased risk of infection. Methods: We investigated hypogammaglobinemia occurrence in different Dara-based regimens. Multiple myeloma (MM) patients were treated with ⩾2 cycles of Dara-based therapy during 2016–2020, mainly for relapsed/refractory disease. Data on patient characteristics, treatment regimens, polyclonal IgG (poly-IgG) and uninvolved free light chain (Un-FLC) levels during treatment, as well as predictors for hypogammaglobinemia and predictors for infections, were evaluated retrospectively. Results: A total of 84 patients, median age 67.2 years, were included. Dara, mainly as ⩾2 line therapy (88.1%, n = 74), was combined with immunomodulating drugs (IMiDs) (53%), proteasome inhibitors (PIs) (15%), IMiDs-PIs (11%), or dexamethasone only (21%). Median treatment duration was 13 months. Median Poly-IgG levels at 0, 2, and 4 months were 7.1 g/l, 4.5 g/l, and 4 g/l, respectively, and remained low throughout treatment. Lower poly-IgG pre-Dara ( p = 0.001) and Dara-PIs (±IMiDs) regimen were associated with lower poly-IgG levels at 4 months ( p = 0.03). Only patients treated with Dara monotherapy had partial immune reconstitution, reflected by resumption of IgM levels. Most (85%) patients developed ⩾1 infections, mostly grade 1–2 respiratory (76%). A lower poly-IgG level post Dara (RR = 1.137 p = 0.026) predicted increased risk of any infection. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) was associated with a significant decrease in all infections. Conclusion: Relapsed MM patients treated with Dara, often experience persistent hypogammaglobinemia, irrespective of responsiveness to treatment. Infections, especially respiratory, are frequent and apparently related to low Poly-IgG levels. IVIG should be considered for reducing infections in these patients.

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF DOG BABESIOSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 1371-1378
Author(s):  
T.V. Alekseeva ◽  
◽  
M.A. Alekseeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Regimen ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Canine Babesiosis ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
The Republic

With an increase in the incidence of babesiosis (piroplasmosis) in dogs, the development of effective methods for the prevention and treatment of this disease is one of the promising areas of veterinary science and practice. The article presents the research results obtained in assessing the effectiveness of various methods of treatment and prevention of canine babesiosis using domestically produced drugs. The studies were carried out on the basis of the Novoshakhtinsky branch of the State Budgetary Institution of the Republic of Belarus "Rostov Region SBBZh with PO", the object of the study was dogs of various breeds, diagnosed with babesiosis. Diagnosis of piroplasmosis was carried out on the basis of anamnesis, clinical signs and using laboratory diagnostics of blood tests. Hematological studies were performed on the 1st and 10th days of treatment on an automatic hematological analyzer URIT-3020 Vet Plus. For the experiment, 3 groups of animals were formed (5 dogs each): 1, 2 experimental and 3 control with individual treatment regimens. In 1 experimental group, Ringer-Locke's solution was used, in 2 - Reamberin, in animals of the control group, isotonic sodium chloride solution. After the end of the course of therapy, blood samples were taken to assess the results of the applied treatment regimen. The onset of recovery was judged by the change in the general condition of the animal, the absence of clinical signs and the results of hematological studies. Based on the studies conducted on the use of domestically produced drugs for the treatment and prevention of canine babesiosis, it was found that the use of the treatment regimen with the drug Reamberin 1 time per day at a dose of 100-200 ml infusion for 4-5 days turned out to be the most effective method and made it possible to speed up the healing process animals.

ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PREVENTIVE MEASURES IN THE POSTNATAL PERIOD IN COWS

2020 ◽  
pp. 128-133
Author(s):  
S. V. Polyakov ◽  
◽  
N.Yu. Terentyeva ◽  
S. N. Ivanova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Drug Prevention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Ulyanovsk Region ◽  
Methodological Guidelines

Currently, many issues related to therapy and prophylaxis have not been solved in the problem of afterbirth detention. There is a high percentage of complications of this pathology with endometritis, which leads to a decrease in the productivity and reproductive function of animals. Based on the above, the aim of our work was to determine the effectiveness of two treatment regimens for the retention of the afterbirth in cows. Scientific research was carried out in IAPC “New Life” of the Cherdaklinsky district of the Ulyanovsk region. Before the diagnosis was made, an obstetric study was performed according to the”Methodological guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of obstetric and gynecological diseases of cows”. Morpho-biochemical parameters of blood were studied according to generally accepted methods. To determine the effectiveness of conservative treatment of afterbirth retention in animals of the experimental and control groups, different schemes of drug prevention were used. The results of studies show that after calving, the number of white blood cells and total protein increases. A higher indicator in the control group indicated the development of the inflammatory process. Clinical studies have confirmed the assumption. A decrease in the level of alkaline phosphatase and phosphorus with an increase in the content of calcium indicates the risk of developing osteodystrophic processes. As a result of preventive measures in the experimental group, complications in the form of postnatal endometritis were not observed, although cases of subinvolution were recorded (15 %). In the control group of cows, postpartum endometritis (15 %) occurred along with uterine subinvolution (15 %). Thus, the inclusion in the scheme of prevention of a preparation “Uterotsev” reduces the risk of postpartum complications in cows.

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