scholarly journals Linguistic and cultural connotations of the lexeme BIRCH in Russian and the lexeme BAMBOO in Chinese

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-70
Author(s):  
Sun Yunuo
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Modeling ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Cultural Relations ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Historical Materials ◽  
Cultural Connotation ◽  
Perception Process ◽  
Cultural Connotations

The paper studies the historical and cultural associative meanings of the lexeme BIRCH in the Russian culture and the lexeme BAMBOO in Chinese by analyzing the results of the perception process of these objects, their concepts and images by native speakers of the Russian and Chinese languages. The relevance of the research is due to the growing attention of modern linguistics to comparative cultural studies, including the number of comparative works on the Russian and Chinese languages, the importance of describing linguistic and cultural differences for the development of international economic and cultural relations between China and Russia. The research material involves phraseological units, proverbs, myths, poems and literary works, as well as historical materials, customs and traditions of the two nations. This paper uses research methods such as descriptive, contextual, comparative, the method of component analysis and cognitive modeling. As a result, it was determined that birch occupies a significant place in the Russian culture with the meanings of “motherland”, “mother”, “woman”, “bride”, “girl”. Bamboo in Chinese has only positive connotations, including “unshakable quality”, “spiritual purity”, “humble character”, “high aspirations.” It is concluded that birch as a symbol of Russia is a lacunar concept in the Chinese culture, while bamboo as the personification of a “perfect gentleman” in Chinese has no cultural connotation in Russian. Despite mismatched meanings in two languages, birch and bamboo must be recognized as equivalents in terms of cultural significance and the high frequency of symbolic use in poetry and other precedent texts.

Specificity of Value Orientations of Native Speakers of French and Russian and Their Representation in Proverbs (Based on Dictionaries)

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
Nataliya Yu. Nelyubova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Common Features ◽  
French Culture ◽  
Subjective Factor

This paper presents a linguo-axiological analysis of French and Russian proverbs based on identifying value orientations and creating their hierarchy by studying the names and quantitative dominance of various thematic groups in authentic paroemiological dictionaries. Identification of value orientations allows us to reveal both common features of ethnic groups, which are of interest in the era of globalization and mutual influence of languages and cultures, and specific ones, contributing to the preservation of national identity. The novelty of this research compared to the author’s previous studies lies in the use of two additional lexicographic sources (one French and one Russian). The examined material of the four dictionaries includes more than 30,000 proverbial units. The analysis revealed the presence of a large number of common topics (which can occupy different positions in the value hierarchy of the ethnic groups under study) not only in dictionaries of the same language, but in all four sources. The names of the categories and their quantitative composition allow us to define French culture as individualist, while Russian culture, as collectivist. When constructing a hierarchy, it is important to turn to a larger number of dictionaries and identify common proverbial units in them to avoid the influence of the subjective factor, which is the case when naming and forming categories, as well as of the researcher’s individual approach to the proportion of category names to their corresponding values. The expanding vocabulary and studies on evaluativity in proverbs aiming to identify value and anti-value components within various topics can be used for further research.

scholarly journals THE COLOR TERMS FOR BLACK AND WHITE IN BULGARIAN, POLISH AND LITHUANIAN PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-82
Author(s):  
Nadelina IVOVA
Keyword(s):  
Good Life ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Color Terms ◽  
Figurative Meaning ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Cultural Connotation ◽  
Color Term ◽  
Cultural Connotations ◽  
The Way

The present paper is contrastive analysis of Bulgarian, Polish and Lithuanian phraseological units containing a color term naming black or white. It traces the way these components reflect the figurative meaning of the unit - through their color semantics or through their function as a cultural signs. The study classiffiеs Bulgarian, Polish and Lithuanian expressions as to their belongings to several groups, which refer to different concepts. In each group the comparison of the examples found in the three phraseological subsystems is based on their semantics, their lexical components and structure. Under observations are substantive, adjectival, adverbial and verbal phraseological units where the colors are used only as an adjective component. The analysis takes into consideration that black has negative symbolism and cultural connotations. Thus the phraseological units with black are linked mainly to the concepts such as death, sorrow, bad life, misfortune. The text suggests that color term for black is rarely used to express neutral or positive meanings. The white has a positive cultural connotation associated to whiteness, light, good life, goodness, but its meaning can vary to neutral or negative in phraseological system of the three languages. The present paper observes similarities of collected phraseological expressions and emphasizes their nation-specific features.

Discourse and Culture of Learning Communication Challenges

2000 ◽  
Vol 129-130 ◽  
pp. 275-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingsheng Li
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Chinese Students ◽  
Cultural Learning ◽  
Educational Context ◽  
Educational Models ◽  
Culture Of Learning ◽  
Communication Challenges

It has been widely acknowledged in language acquisition research that cultural learning is an inseparable part of language learning. However, insufficient attention has been paid to the culture of classroom learning which involves both teachers' and learners' cultural values, beliefs, roles, expectations, and conceptions of teaching and learning. Communication challenges become obvious when teaching methodologies developed in one educational context are exported to another educational context. This paper reports on the findings from a case study conducted in 1997 in the People's Republic of China where pedagogical communication conflicts between English native speaking teachers and Chinese university English language majors became acute. The paper focuses on the problematic area - the discourse of participation that was highly valued, promulgated and practised by native speakers teaching English in China. It will point out some of the discrepancies between this discourse and the Chinese culture of learning. In transplanting Western educational models to Chinese classrooms, participants did not sufficiently acknowledge the cultural distance between these models and the Chinese local socio-cultural and educational realities. The discourse of participation was strongly resisted by Chinese students and teaching by native speakers often failed to achieve the desired results. In spite of the "good" intentions on the part of both native teachers and Chinese students, there existed a vast gulf in their perceptions of what constituted "good" teaching and learning, of what appropriate roles they were fitted in, and what they expected of each other. The paper argues that the gulf, the hidden source of the pedagogical communication problems, can be bridged through creating a cultural synergy in which common interests are to be found and shared, sources of problems identified, cultural differences understood and respected, and learning maximally enhanced.

scholarly journals Cultural Factors in Tourism Interpretation of Leshan Giant Buddha

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Xiao Wenwen
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Communication ◽  
Chinese Poetry ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
Cross Cultural Communication ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Cultural Connotation ◽  
Scenic Spot

Different cultural aspects are always involved in tourism interpretation, and the process of tourism interpretation is also cross-cultural communication. If the cultural factors can be interpreted for the foreign visitors in a better way, it’s beneficial to convey the cultural connotation of the scenic spot and it can be the communication more effective. There are many scenic spots in China, to show the beautiful scenery and traditional Chinese culture to the world. Leshan Giant Buddha is one of national 5A tourist attractions in Leshan, Sichuan Province, China, and there are a lot of tourists coming here every year, especially foreign tourists. Therefore, its tourism interpretation shall be better and better. The tourism interpretation of Leshan Giant Buddha concerns many cultural factors. Based on Skopostheorie, this paper discusses how to deal with the cultural factors in guide interpretation of Leshan Grand Buddha from the following three aspects: names of scenic spots, four-character phrases and classical Chinese poetry.

Recycling Tradition

Tracing China ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen F. Siu
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Historical Materials ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
Cultural Expressions ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
Contemporary Social Theory

This article is bringing studies of Chinese culture, society, and history closer to the mainstream of contemporary social theory. By analyzing the community-wide festivals in Xiaolan from the late 18th century to the present and by explicating how the nature, meaning, and dynamics of these cultural expressions intertwined with the evolution of the regional political economy, this essay suggests how one may build upon the rich body of historical materials and rethink the analytical tools.

scholarly journals Nothingness in motion: Theorizing Bruce Lee’s action aesthetics

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 362-380
Author(s):  
Wayne Wong
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Kung Fu ◽  
Bruce Lee ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
Chinese Aesthetics ◽  
Global Action ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Action Cinema ◽  
Shed Light

This article argues that Bruce Lee revolutionized kung fu cinema not only by increasing its authenticity and combativity but also by revealing its inherent connection to wuyi (武意), or martial ideation. Martial ideation refers to a specific negotiation of action and stasis in martial arts performance which contains a powerful overflow of emotion in tranquility. Since the early 1970s, Bruce Lee’s kung fu films have been labeled “chop-socky,” offering only fleeting visual and visceral pleasures. Subsequently, several studies explored the cultural significance and political implications of Lee’s films. However, not much attention has been paid to their aesthetic composition—in particular, how cinematic kung fu manifests Chinese aesthetics and philosophy on choreographic, cinematographic, and narrative levels. In Lee’s films, the concept of martial ideation is embodied in the Daoist notion of wu (nothingness), a metaphysical void that is invisible, nameless, and formless. Through a close reading of Laozi’s Daodejing (道德經), it is possible to discover two traits of nothingness—namely, reversal and return—which are characteristics of Lee’s representation of martial ideation. The former refers to a paradigmatic shift from concreteness to emptiness, while the latter makes such a shift reversible and perennial via the motif of circularity. The discussion focuses on films in which Lee’s creative influence is clearly discernible, such as Fist of Fury (1972), The Way of the Dragon (1972), and the surviving footage intended for The Game of Death featured in Bruce Lee: A Warrior’s Journey (2000). These films shed light on the complicated relationship between the cinematic (action and stasis), the martial (Jeet Kune Do), the aesthetic (ideation), and the philosophical (Daoism). The goal is to stimulate a more balanced discussion of Lee’s films both from the perspective of global action cinema and Chinese culture.

scholarly journals Cultural connotations of the image of perception of emigrants in Chinese ethnic consciousness of the 20-40s of the 20th century based on the material of Chinese literature and publicism

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-681
Author(s):  
Shi Liu
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Chinese Literature ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
Cultural Connotation ◽  
Ethnic Consciousness ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Artistic Image

The relevance of the study is determined by the interest of modern humanitarian knowledge in the study of the image of the alien, the study of the mechanisms of reception of the foreign and other ethnic world in the process of interethnic and intercultural interaction of the 20th century. The novelty is due to the involvement of the material of journalistic and artistic texts of the Chinese authors of the left and right wing in their correlation with the historical, political and linguocultural realities of the 20-40s of the 20th century. The research problem consists in the correlation of ethnocultural, ethnopsychological and socio-political connotations of the image of the perception of an emigrant in the Chinese ethnic consciousness. The aim of the research is to study the lexical and semantic transformations of the concept of emigrant in the context of Chinese ideology and Chinese literature of the 20-40s of the 20th century, as well as to identify the individual features of the artistic perception of an emigrant by Chinese writers. The research methodology is based on an imagological approach to the study of literature with the involvement of ethnopsychological observations. The work uses historical-literary, comparative-historical, lexical-semantic methods, as well as techniques of translation studies. It is discovered that in the Chinese fiction and journalistic texts of the 20-40s of the 20th century the negative artistic image of the perception of emigrants - white emigrants prevails. Thus, in the Chinese ethnic consciousness of the 1920s and 1940s, the cultural connotation of the concept of emigrant had negative semantics. On the one hand, it reflects the real situation of emigrant life and emigrant consciousness; on the other hand, it captures the complex socio-political and ethno psychological processes that have taken place in Chinese society, affecting the foundation of Chinese culture and Chinese ethnicity.

scholarly journals Non-verbal Means of Communication in the Turkish Language and Their Corresponding Expressions

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 373-377
Author(s):  
O. Gulyamova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Modern Media ◽  
Turkish Culture ◽  
Living Substance ◽  
Turkish Language

The article attempts to describe the gestures used by the representatives of Turkish culture and to classify them by comparing them with Russian gestures. While analyzing gestures, the principle of lacunarity, the absence of a phenomenon in a comparable language, was taken into account. The material of the study was the observation of the process of communication of representatives of various cultures with native speakers of the Turkish language, an analysis of literature, from which one could draw descriptions of certain gestures, materials of modern media. The research methodology is based on a comparative analysis of two languages in an asynchronous context. The study of gestures led to the following results: 1) the vast majority of gestures are lacunas (which have no analogs in another culture) for a representative of Russian culture; 2) gestures close in execution have distinctive features that do not allow them to be equated to Russian gestures in full. The possible coincidence of gestures in the aspect of execution, an increase in the number of borrowed gestures from Western cultures, once again proves that it is a nonverbal culture that is a ‘living substance’, influenced by cultural and socio-political changes in society. Nevertheless, in spite of this, today it is possible to establish and describe purely Turkish gestures, which are an integral part of communication with representatives of Turkish culture.

scholarly journals Architectural Features and Preservation of Ancient Residential Complexes of the Changs in Xiangan, Xiamen

2015 ◽  
Vol XL-5/W7 ◽  
pp. 453-460
Author(s):  
J. Xia ◽  
S. Chiou
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Architectural Form ◽  
Historical Materials ◽  
Cultural Connotation ◽  
Architectural Features ◽  
Building Community

Ancient architecture is an important cultural symbol of a nation, which has high historical, artistic and technology of cultural value. A building not only carries the creator of effort, but also the past with the future of the historical traditions and humanistic significance. It is not purely construction of artistic expression, even more the witness of the production and development of social groups. Therefore, it is not only the common cultural heritage of mankind, as more equally important to protect these ancient buildings for the promotion of spiritual civilization and local economic development. In recent years, China and other developing countries, which in the pursuit of rapid economic development, are also facing the problems of development and preservation, Especially influenced by the inherent "reform and innovation" traditional concepts, many ancient villages and buildings with rich cultural connotation are in a great danger. <br><br> Xiang'an is one of the six administrative regions of Xiamen, The Tungyuan village and numerous surrounding villages which in Xiang'an retain a large number of ancient buildings of Ming and Qing Dynasties, but it has not been given due attention, many ancient buildings are facing the crisis of disappearing. Changs ancient residential is one of typical Minnan architectural which located in Tungyuan village. its main feature is as follows: Cheng is before the rear is Cuo, Facing south, Three bays with double Hucuo , Red brick and White stone wall, Architectural form of Hard mountain type roof and Double cocked dovetail ridge. In this paper, on the basis of the fieldwork, In addition to the overall building community environment and monomer building surveying and mapping, photograph, record, and through the collection, interviews and analysis of relevant historical materials, etc. Grasping the historical background of Changs ancient residential building community, exploring the formation and characteristics of the overall layout of the community, analyzing the cultural connotation of the basic shape of each individual building and architectural decorative arts, and making recommendations for saving Changs ancient residential maintenance.

scholarly journals The reflection of Russian mentality in proverbs (on the example of proverbs with the semantic component “summer” and “autumn”)

Litera ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 45-55
Author(s):  
Elena Aleksandrovna Grudeva
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
Behavioral Norms ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Surrounding World ◽  
Semantic Component ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Mental Characteristics

The subject of this research is the interrelation between mentality and language. Mentality is conventionally understood as subconscious, archetypal manifestation of the system of values and attitudes of ethnolinguistic consciousness. National mentality is traced in the process of studying the semantics of idioms and paroemias of the language. The genre of proverbs, due to its semantic peculiarities, is characterized by various means of expression of mental groups, which corresponds to their cognitive-pragmatic status. Idioms and paroemias play the role of representatives of the mental characteristics of the ethos, which contribute to preservation of cultural distinctness and affect the mentality of native speakers, lead to the behavior stereotypical to the Russian culture and allow assessing life situations from the perspective of stereotypes. The main conclusion of the analysis conducted on paremiological units indicates that national mentality traits reflected in proverbs and idioms are associated with certain stereotypes in perception of the surrounding world, assessment of life situations, reconsideration of the essence of the phenomena, response to the ongoing transformations and events. All of the listed above fully corresponds to the main edificatory, didactic function of paroemias and idioms, as well as the key purpose of proverbs &ndash; enculturation of a person in the process of familiarizing with behavioral norms and riles, recommendations, dogmas and basic stereotypical models of perception of the surrounding worlds and the phenomena occurring therein.

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