scholarly journals Concentration and Soaking Duration Organic Growth Regulators for Stimulated Jati Unggul Nusantara (JUN) Shoots Cuttings

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
Wilhelmina Seran ◽  
Astin Elise Mau ◽  
Mamie Elsyana Pellondo’u
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Green Bean ◽  
Treatment Combination ◽  
Vegetative Plant ◽  
Organic Growth ◽  
Cow Urine ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Replication Factors ◽  
Selection Of

Jati Unggul Nusantara (JUN) is a new teak seedling product that is a teak variety obtained from the selection of superior teak clones from all over Indonesia using DNA selection. Vegetative effort propagation performed of JUN with shoot cuttings. Concentration and soaking duration  growth regulators are important aspects in vegetative plant propagation especially by shoot cutting. The research was conducted at Maulafa – Kota Kupang  from Mei to August 2020, The experiment was arranged in Complete Randomize Design 2 factorial applications with 3 replication. Factors studied are growth regulator concentration of cow urine 50% (A1), cow urine 100% (A2), green bean  extract 50% (A3), green bean extract 100% (A4), shallot extract 50% (A5) and shallot extract 100% (A6) while soaking duration consists of 4 factors, 2 hours (B1), 4 hours (B2), 6 hours (B3) and 8 hours (B4). The measured observation parameters are the percentage of life, the period of appearance of shoots, the number of leaves, shoot lenght,, shoot roots and the number of roots. The experiment result showed  that variation of concentration organic growth regulator significant effect of JUN shoot cuttings. The treatment of Shallot extract 50% (A5) which affects the percentage of life parameters, the period of appearance of shoots, the number of leaves and shoot lenght.  The treatment of shallot extract 100% (A6) which affects the observation parameters of root length and the number of roots. Interaction among the treatment combination of organic growth regulators A6B2 (ZPT 100%) shallot extract and 4 hours soaking duration significant effect  on the number of roots.

scholarly journals Effects of plant growth regulators in heliconia ‘Red Opal’

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Ana Cecilia Ribeiro de Castro ◽  
Fernando José Hawerroth ◽  
Carlos Alberto Kenji Taniguchi ◽  
Tiago Freitas Silva ◽  
Nazaré Suziane Soares
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Potted Plants ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
One Year

The objective of this study was to evaluate growth regulators with purpose of reducing the size of heliconia ‘Red Opal’ potted plants. The experiment was carried out in randomized block design with five treatments (trinexapac-ethyl and paclobutrazol at rates of 37.5 and 75.0 mg of active ingredient per pot and control without growth regulator) and five replicates. The treatments were applied 40 days after planting the rhizomes in pots filled with soil. Thirty and 150 days after the growth regulator application, plant height, number of leaves and shoots, petioles length and leaf area were evaluated. One year after planting the rhizomes in pots the number of inflorescence and leaves (leaves, sheathing leaf bases and inflorescences) and rhizomes (rhizomes and roots) dry mass were determined. Trinexapac-ethyl had no differences compared to the control in any of the variables evaluated. Paclobutrazol proved effective in reducing plant height, leaf area and petiole length and increase in number of leaves and shoots but the effect was temporary. Also, it did not affect the inflorescences production and leaves and rhizomes dry mass. Paclobutrazol is efficient to promote height reduction and to increase the number of shoots in heliconia ‘Red Opal’ potted plants without affect the inflorescence formation but its effects is temporary.

scholarly journals Growth Response of Melati Plant Plant (Jasminum Sambac L.) Against Types of Media Plants and Types of Growing Agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-200
Author(s):  
Yuliatul Muslimah ◽  
Sumeinika Fitria Lizmah ◽  
Nur Fayanti
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Alluvial Soil ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Media Types ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Jasminum Sambac ◽  
Number Of Shoots

Propagation of jasmine plants by cuttings often experience obstacles, especially to grow roots. Proper planting media and application of growth regulators (PGR) have an important role in the growth and development of plant cuttings roots. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of planting media types and PGR on the growth of jasmine cuttings. This research was conducted in the experimental garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Teuku Umar University, in March - May 2019. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with a factorial pattern of 3x3 with three replications. The treatment factors studied were (1) the type of planting media consisted of 3 levels namely alluvial soil, sand and husk charcoal, and (2) the type of growth regulator (ZPT) consisted of 3 levels namely control (without zpt), chemical (growtone) and organic (shallot extract). F test results on the analysis of variance showed that the planting medium had a very significant effect on the number of shoots 35 and 45 HST, number of leaves 15, 35 and 45 HST number of roots, root length, percentage of live cuttings. But the planting media had no significant effect on the number of shoots of 15 DAP. Growth regulator substances have a very significant effect on the number of shoots 35 HST, number of leaves 15, 35 and 45 HST, number of roots and root length. Significantly affect the number of shoots 45 HST and percentage of live cuttings, but no significant effect on the number of shoots 15 HST. This shows that the difference in growth of jasmine plant cuttings due to different planting media does not depend on growth regulators, and vice versa.

scholarly journals The Effect of Shallot Extract and Auxin-Plant Growth Regulators on the Growth of Mucuna bracteata D.C.

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-138
Author(s):  
Silvana Prameswari ◽  
Bayu Pratomo
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Introduction: This study aims to obtain concentration of shallot extract (Allium cepa ) and growth regulators to increase growth of Mucuna bracteata. Mucuna is a land cover plant that must be planted in oil palm plantation areas. It is very important to be able to cover the planting area. Materials and Methods: This study used two factorial in randomized block design. The first was concentration of shallot extract per 100 ml distilled water consists of 4 levels, such as control (B0), 10 cc (B1), 20 cc (B2), 30 cc (B3) and the second was the auxins-plant growth regulator consists of 4 levels: Control (G0), 100 ppm (G1), 200 ppm (G2), 300 ppm (G3). Data analyzed with ANOVA with a significant 5% and continued with the DMRT using SAS version 9.1.3. Results: It was found that effect of concentration of shallot extract had a significant effect on survival percentage of Mucuna bracteata at a concentration of 10 cc (B2) after opening the lid at four weeks after planting (WAP) and did not change until 8 WAP. Likewise, the number of leaves at the control concentration (B0) at the age of 6 WAP, and a concentration of 10 cc (B1) at the age of 7-8 WAP. The concentration of growth regulators and their interactions did not significantly affect the survive percentage and number of leaves in Mucuna bracteata.

scholarly journals Latex Flow Pattterns Several of Clone with the Use of Plant Growth Regulator to Production

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 300-310
Author(s):  
Try Koryati ◽  
Luthfi A. M. Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Treatment Combination ◽  
Nested Design ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Fast Flow

Slow or fast flow of latex when tapped affects the height and low production of latex. The physiological nature of the latex flow illustrates the speed and resistance of the latex flow rate per unit time. The purpose of the study was to determine the pattern of the flow rate of latex several rubber clones with the use of growth regulators and their relation to the production of latex in the initial tapping. The study was carried out in the PTP-N I Kso PTP-N III Karang Inong plantation, East Aceh. The research was arranged based on three factors of Nested Design, namely Clone factors with five factors, IAA + Kinetin hormone factor 7 factors and Paklobutrazol factors there were 3 factors. Some research results show that the pattern of each clone is different from the rate of flow of latex. In general, the clones tested were PB 260, PB 330, and IRR 5 clones, which showed a sharp decrease in latex flow, except the PB 340 and IRR 107 were still stable. PB 340 clone has the highest latex flow rate of 3.00 ml / minute in the first 10 minutes combination of H1P0 treatment. In the 90th minute, PB 340 still flows latex in several combinations of treatments with a latex flow rate in treatment (H4P1) of about 2.55 ml / minutes with a higher latex volume of 30-70 minutes for the same treatment combination. The highest production of latex per plant was obtained from the IRR 107 (K4) clone with the administration of 500 ppm IAA + 60 ppm kinetic (H4) and the application of soil paklobutrazol (P1) (K4H4P1) of 59.99 g / p / s, followed by PB clones 340 (K3H4P1)) of 49.80 g / p / s. The lowest production of latex per plant was found in PB 330 (K2H0P0) clones of (4.98 g / p / s).

scholarly journals Effect of Cow Urine and IBA on the Growth of Sweet Leaf (Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr.) Cuttings

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fawziyah Nurshabrina ◽  
Arifah Rahayu ◽  
Oktavianus Lt
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Cow Urine ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Leaf Vegetable ◽  
Number Of Shoots

Sweet leaf (Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr.), a leaf vegetable that is generally propagated vegetatively with cuttings. This study aims to determine the effect of accession and administration of natural and synthetic auxin growth regulators on the growth of sweet leaf cuttings. This study uses factorial Randomized Complete Design consisting of two factors, namely accession (Banten from Pandeglang, Bogor from Tajur, and Cianjur from Cugenang) and auksin combination (IBA 100%R, urine 25%R + IBA 75%R, urine 50%R + IBA 50%R, urine 75%R + IBA 25%R, and urine 100%R). The results showed that the growth of Cianjur accession had the best results on the percentage of growth cuttings, the percentage of shoot buds, shoot height, number of shoots, number of leaves, percentage of rooted cuttings, and number of roots compared to Banten and Bogor accessions. Giving urine 100%R significantly increases plant height, shoot height, number of shoots, and number of sweet leaf plant roots compared with other auxin combinations. The combination treatment of auxin and accession showed results that were not significantly different from the variable root length and weight of the harvest. In sweet leaf plants, cow urine can replace the use of IBA (Indole Butyric Acid). Keywords: Sauropus androgynus, vegetative, urine, IBA

scholarly journals Associations between morphological and agronomic characteristics in garlic crop

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-209
Author(s):  
Valter C de Andrade Júnior ◽  
Amanda G Guimarães ◽  
Tiago D Firme ◽  
Aline Aparecida A Costa ◽  
Márcia Regina da Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Genotypic And Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Commercial Yield ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Bulb Yield

ABSTRACT Correlations and path analysis between characteristics can aid the selection of important attributes in breeding programs. Thus, the objective of this work was to perform genotypic, phenotypic correlations and path analysis under commercial yield of garlic bulbs, depending on morphological and agronomic variables. The experiment was carried out in 2017 at the Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri and Universidade Federal de Lavras, using ten garlic genotypes, eight trials and two commercial cultivars, Caçador and Jonas. We evaluated: plant height; number of leaves, total bulb number; total bulb mass, total bulb yield, marketable bulb yield and number of cloves per bulb. The genotypic and phenotypic correlations were positive and significant between marketable yield of bulbs with bulb mass, total yield and number of cloves per bulb, indicating that selection based on these characteristics will help increase the yield of garlic. However, only the number of cloves per bulb had a direct effect and a relevant indirect effect on the marketable yield of garlic.

scholarly journals PENGARUH JUMLAH MATA TUNAS BATANG ATAS DAN TINGGI BATANG BAWAH PADA SAMBUNG PUCUK TERHADAP PERSENTASE TUMBUH JAMBU AIR (Syzygium Samarangense)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Supriyono Supriyono ◽  
Tarwa Mustopa ◽  
Nunuk Helilusiatiningsih ◽  
Fristama Maulana
Keyword(s):  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Treatment Combination ◽  
Design Factor ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Shoots

Water guava (Syzygium Samarangense) was a popular plant in Indonesia because it was fresh and sweet. The aim of this research was to analyze the effect of the number of shoots of the upper stems and height of the rootstock at the shoot graft on the percentage of growing water guava. The method used in this study was a completely randomized design, factor into one rootstock length, namely 10 cm, 15 cm, and 20 cm. and the second factor was the number of buds on the scion, namely 2, 3, and 4. The results showed that there was a significant interaction in the treatment combination of the number of 4 buds on the upper stem and the length of the rootstock 15 cm at 35 days after grafting affected the growth percentage and growth in the number of leaves and length of the scion.

scholarly journals A Theoretical Treatment of Memetic Traits Using Gene-Meme, Meme-Meme and Population Equilibrium

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Shuler
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Spreading Rate ◽  
Theoretical Treatment ◽  
Genetic Trait ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Transient Nature ◽  
Candidate Solution ◽  
Wide Group ◽  
Replication Factors ◽  
Selection Of

Background: Conceived as a unit of lasting cultural (mostly vertical) trait transmission, memes now include transient horizontally transmitted fads. Memes may sometimes follow the logic of population genetics, e.g. learned birdsong, but not always over the diverse range found in human hosts. Much current work focuses on selection of memes rather than hosts. Methods: We analyze equilibrium between gene-meme and meme-meme competing propagators and consider whether a meme is linked to reproduction (e.g. vertical culture transmission), or not. We employ a genetic component and combined meme induced fitness components for hosts, while memes have replication factors to distinguish from what’s good for the host (fitness). To anticipate future meme effects on population stability we use a Monte Carlo simulation roughly calibrated to the Industrial Revolution. Results: A basic effective calculus of memetic trait competition and interaction with genes is derived and analyzed. The transient nature of short term memes may be a defense against accumulation of deleterious memes. Horizontally transmitted (panmictic) memes with high spreading rate will often not equalize with a genetic trait, spreading outside of natural selection of the hosts, presenting a cumulative existential threat. Vertical transmission reduces replication rate and allows group selection against deleterious memes. Competing mutually exclusive memes contribute to inequality and altruism, but compete through adverse fitness since exclusivity assumes low conversion. Conclusions: The advantage of a portfolio of groups or species may not accrue to a single group. This analytical understanding elevates meme-risk to the level of a candidate solution to the so-called Fermi Paradox, as interstellar travel might require a planet wide group.

scholarly journals A Theoretical Treatment of Memetic Traits Using Gene-Meme, Meme-Meme and Population Equilibrium

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Shuler
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Spreading Rate ◽  
Theoretical Treatment ◽  
Genetic Trait ◽  
Transient Nature ◽  
Candidate Solution ◽  
Replication Factors ◽  
Population Equilibrium ◽  
Stability Results ◽  
Selection Of

Background: The term meme includes vertical trait transmission and laterally transmitted ideas that can be lasting or transient. Memes may sometimes follow the logic of population genetics, e.g. learned birdsong, but not when laterally transmitted. Much current work focuses on selection of memes rather than hosts. This paper investigates mathematically the interaction of behaviorally transmitted traits with host selection fitness. Methods: We analyze equilibrium between gene-meme and meme-meme competing propagators and consider whether a meme is linked to reproduction (e.g. vertical culture transmission), or not. We employ a genetic component and combined meme-induced fitness components for hosts, while memes have replication factors to distinguish from what’s good for the host (fitness). We use a Monte Carlo simulation roughly calibrated to the Industrial Revolution to study meme effects on population stability. Results: A basic effective calculus of memetic trait competition and interaction with genes is derived and analyzed. The transient nature of many lateral memes may be a defense against accumulation of deleterious memes. Laterally transmitted (panmictic) memes with high spreading rate will often not equalize with a genetic trait, spreading outside of natural selection of the hosts, presenting a cumulative existential threat. Vertical transmission reduces replication rate and allows group selection against deleterious memes. Competing mutually exclusive memes contribute to inequality and altruism, but compete through adverse fitness since exclusivity assumes low conversion. Conclusions: The advantage of a portfolio of groups or species may not accrue to a single group. This understanding elevates meme-risk to the level of a candidate solution to the so-called Fermi Paradox.

Growth Regulator Herbicides Prevent Invasive Annual Grass Seed Production

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Rinella ◽  
Marshall R. Haferkamp ◽  
Robert A. Masters ◽  
Jennifer M. Muscha ◽  
Susan E. Bellows ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Internode Elongation ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Late Growth

AbstractAuxinic herbicides, such as 2,4-D and dicamba, that act as plant growth regulators are commonly used for broadleaf weed control in cereal crops (e.g., wheat, barley), grasslands, and noncroplands. If applied at late growth stages, while cereals are developing reproductive parts, the herbicides can reduce seed production. We tested whether growth regulators have this same effect on the invasive annual grass Japanese brome. The herbicides 2,4-D, dicamba, and picloram were applied at typical field use rates to Japanese brome at various growth stages in a greenhouse. Picloram reduced seed production nearly 100% when applied at the internode elongation, boot, or heading stages of growth, whereas dicamba appeared to be slightly less effective and 2,4-D was much less effective. Our results indicate it may be possible to control Japanese brome by using growth regulator herbicides to reduce its seed production, thereby depleting its short-lived seed bank.

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