scholarly journals Assessment of Changes in Cyliary Muscle in Patients with Hypermetropy Using Mathematical Modeling Methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 113-118
Author(s):  
A. G. Shchuko ◽  
E. T. Novozhilova ◽  
O. I. Rozanova ◽  
L. F. Sholokhov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Ciliary Body ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Ultrasound Biomicroscopy ◽  
Ciliary Muscle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Modeling Methods ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Imagej Software

Background. Age-related decline in accommodation in patients with emmetropia, myopia and hyperopia is characterized by multidirectional changes in the thickness of the ciliary muscle and the configuration of the inner apex of the ciliary body. The structural and functional state of the ciliary muscle and its individual components and the patterns of their change with age in patients with hyperopia remain little studied.Aim: to study the structural and functional state of the ciliary muscle and its components in patients with hyperopia using mathematical modeling methods.Methods. 110 patients (220 eyes) with axial hyperopia were examined. The first group consisted of patients aged 18–30 years – 20 people. The second group consisted of 80 patients aged 45–65 years. The control group consisted of 30 healthy volunteers aged from 18 to 30 years. All patients underwent ultrasound biomicroscopy, on the basis of which a spatial-mathematical model was created using the ImageJ software package.Results and conclusion. In patients with hyperopia, in the aging process there is a transformation of the ciliary body and the restructuring of its muscular components. Structural irido-ciliary relationships in young patients with emmetropia and hyperopia significantly differ in the location and configuration of the inner apex of the ciliary body, the degree of emphasis on the circular portion of the ciliary muscle.

scholarly journals IRIS CHANGES AT PATIENTS WITH TEMPORОMANDIBULAR JOINT DISEASES AND URINARY SYSTEM PATHOLOGY

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
O.O. Kryzhanivska
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Constitutional Type ◽  
The Us ◽  
Light Color ◽  
Genetically Determined

Relevance. In recent years, many have been devoted to the problem of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) diseases, in which the attention is paid to the widespread pathology of TMJ in young people, which develops against the background of the genetically-determined weakness of connective tissue (CTs), which is also the present occurrence of various concomitant diseases of polygenic-multifactorial nature, including the organs of the urinary system (US). The study of the state of the iris is used as a screening technique that allows you to quickly, simply, harmlessly, informatively, painlessly, non-invasively diagnose the genetically determined structural and functional state and quality of the CTs. Objective. To investigate the iris changes in patients with TMJ and US diseases, to reveal the dependence of the occurrence of degenerative-dystrophic and destructive-inflammatory changes in the joints and US on the structural and functional state of the CTs, to supplement the known traditional methods of diagnosing genetically determined CTs weakness. Materials and methods. The study involved 54 patients (men – 14, women – 40), whose average age was 37.3±7.6 years, who were treated at the Dental Medical Center of the Bogomolets NMU. Control group – 22 patients (men – 10, women – 12) without general somatic pathology, with a physiological bite, without signs of TMJ diseases, whose average age was 25.7±6.8 years. Main group – 22 patients (men – 4, women – 28) with TMJ diseases and US pathology, whose average age was 31.6±7.7 years. Iridobiomicroscopy was performed in patients of both groups. Iridogenetic constitutional signs were determined: the color of eyes, constitutional type after E.S. Velkhover, type with the connective tissue weakness after I. Deck, the density of iris stoma. The obtained laboratory data were referenced in the International System of Units and processed by variational statistics using MedStat and EZR v.1.35 (Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan, 2017), which is a graphical interface to RFSC (The R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria). Results. Among the examined patients with TMJ diseases and MVS pathology, 75% showed predominantly light eye color and V degree (46.9%) of iris stroma density, in the control group: dark iris color (54.5%) and II degree (68.2%) of iris density. Iridogenetic constitutional signs of the CT weakness in the patients with TMJ diseases have been determined: the light color of eyes, radial-lacunar constitutional type after E.S. Velkhover (75%), lymphatic constitutional type with the connective tissue weakness after I. Deck (57,9%). Structural local or chromatic changes of the iris stroma in the projection region of the kidney (75%) and bladder (43.6%) in young patients with TMJ diseases showed a congenital weakness of the CTs of these organs and a tendency to develop pathology of the US. Conclusions. Patients with degenerative-dystrophic and destructive-inflammatory diseases of the TMJ and concomitant US pathology are characterized by iridogenetic constitutional signs of the CTs weakness in the patients with TMJ diseases have been determined: the light color of eyes, radial-lacunar constitutional type after E.S. Velkhover, low degree of iris stroma density, lymphatic constitutional type with the connective tissue weakness after I. Deck. Structural local or chromatic changes of the iris stroma in the projection region of the kidney and bladder in young patients with TMJ diseases showed a congenital weakness of the CTs of these organs and a tendency to develop pathology of the US. It can be assumed that the development of TMJ diseases in young patients is based on dysplastic changes in the CTs system, which is additionally manifested in the examined patients by pathological changes in the US. Iridobiomicroscopy, as a screening technique for determining the structural and functional state of CTs, makes it possible to increase the accuracy of diagnostics when examining patients with TMJ diseases who have concomitant pathology of internal organs, including US.

scholarly journals Markers of endothelial dysfunction in adolescent and young patients with hypothalamic syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-268
Author(s):  
Lana K. Tsertsvadze ◽  
Marina V. Avdeeva ◽  
Larisa V. Scheglova ◽  
Vladimir S. Vasilenko
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Hypothalamic Syndrome ◽  
Wall Stiffness ◽  
Group 2

Background: Endothelial dysfunction is the first but reversible stage of atherosclerosis. A change in the functional state of the vascular endothelium, especially of a growing organism, can be the basis for the development of many diseases in adulthood. The study of the structural and functional state of peripheral vessels of adolescents with hypothalamic syndrome is extremely important for understanding of the mechanisms of formation of cardiometabolic risks.Aims: to compare the structural and functional state of the vascular wall of young men with hypothalamic syndrome and constitutionally exogenous obesity.Methods: During the study 360 males were examined (average age 21.27±2.44 years) and divided into 3 groups: group 1 -with hypothalamic syndrome (n=242); group 2 - with constitutionally exogenous obesity (n=98); control group - practically healthy individuals (n=20). Hypothalamic syndrome was verified in the presence of a symptom complex, including obesity and pink striae. Cross-group comparative analysis of results of clinical, laboratory and instrumental examination was carried out.Results: In the group of patients with hypothalamic syndrome, endothelium-dependent vasodilatation (9.44±1.26 versus 10.37±1.21%; p=0.001) and endothelium-independent vasodilatation (10.29±1.28 versus 11.29±1.14%; p=0.001) is worse than in the group of patients with constitutionally exogenous obesity, and the rate of endothelium-dependent vasodilatation is lower than the generally accepted norm. In addition, among patients with hypothalamic syndrome, the stiffness of the vascular wall is higher than among patients with constitutionally exogenous obesity (15.47±2.58 versus 13.24±3.84%; p=0.001). Statistically significant correlations were revealed between the structural and functional state of peripheral arteries and hemodynamic, hormonal, metabolic changes, and the level of C-reactive protein (p<0.05).Conclusions: The obtained data indicate a deterioration of endothelial function and an increase in vascular wall stiffness in obese patients, regardless of its etiology. The patients with hypothalamic syndrome have more pronounced structural and functional changes in the vascular wall are observed than patients with constitutionally exogenous obesity.

Oral and Oropharyngeal Sensory Function in Adults With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 864-872
Author(s):  
Fernanda Borowsky da Rosa ◽  
Adriane Schmidt Pasqualoto ◽  
Catriona M. Steele ◽  
Renata Mancopes
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Copd Patients

Introduction The oral cavity and pharynx have a rich sensory system composed of specialized receptors. The integrity of oropharyngeal sensation is thought to be fundamental for safe and efficient swallowing. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients are at risk for oropharyngeal sensory impairment due to frequent use of inhaled medications and comorbidities including gastroesophageal reflux disease. Objective This study aimed to describe and compare oral and oropharyngeal sensory function measured using noninstrumental clinical methods in adults with COPD and healthy controls. Method Participants included 27 adults (18 men, nine women) with a diagnosis of COPD and a mean age of 66.56 years ( SD = 8.68). The control group comprised 11 healthy adults (five men, six women) with a mean age of 60.09 years ( SD = 11.57). Spirometry measures confirmed reduced functional expiratory volumes (% predicted) in the COPD patients compared to the control participants. All participants completed a case history interview and underwent clinical evaluation of oral and oropharyngeal sensation by a speech-language pathologist. The sensory evaluation explored the detection of tactile and temperature stimuli delivered by cotton swab to six locations in the oral cavity and two in the oropharynx as well as identification of the taste of stimuli administered in 5-ml boluses to the mouth. Analyses explored the frequencies of accurate responses regarding stimulus location, temperature and taste between groups, and between age groups (“≤ 65 years” and “> 65 years”) within the COPD cohort. Results We found significantly higher frequencies of reported use of inhaled medications ( p < .001) and xerostomia ( p = .003) in the COPD cohort. Oral cavity thermal sensation ( p = .009) was reduced in the COPD participants, and a significant age-related decline in gustatory sensation was found in the COPD group ( p = .018). Conclusion This study found that most of the measures of oral and oropharyngeal sensation remained intact in the COPD group. Oral thermal sensation was impaired in individuals with COPD, and reduced gustatory sensation was observed in the older COPD participants. Possible links between these results and the use of inhaled medication by individuals with COPD are discussed.

Association of plaque echostructure and cardiovascular risk factors with symptomatic carotid artery disease

VASA ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giannoukas ◽  
Sfyroeras ◽  
Griffin ◽  
Saleptsis ◽  
Antoniou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Carotid Plaque ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Symptomatic Disease ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Ica Stenosis

Background: Severity of stenosis remains the main factor for assessing risk of stroke in patients with internal carotid artery (ICA) disease. This study was conducted to investigate the association of plaque echostructure and other established and emerging cardiovascular risk factors with symptomatic ICA disease. Design: Cross-sectional study of consecutive patients with significant (> 50 %) ICA stenosis. Patients and methods: Carotid plaque echostructure, smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, serum lipoprotein (a), homocysteine, vitamin B12, folate, cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein ratio, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, and the Framingham risk score were assessed in 124 consecutive patients (70 asymptomatic; 54 symptomatic) with significant (> 50 %) ICA stenosis. Results: The asymptomatic and symptomatic groups did not differ in terms of gender distribution (p = 0.76) and severity of stenosis (p = 0.62). Echolucent plaques (type 1 and 2) were more predominant in patients with symptomatic disease (p = 0.004, OR = 2.13, 95 % CI = 1.26-3.6). Patients with plaques type 1 were relatively younger than those with type 4 (p = 0.02). None of the other factors assessed had any significant association with symptomatic disease and any type of carotid plaque. Conclusions: Besides the severity of carotid stenosis, the presence of an echolucent plaque appears as an important factor associated with symptomatic ICA disease. Also, young patients are more likely to have an echolucent plaque suggesting an age-related association with plaque maturation.

Influence of DAFS-25+polizon composition on blood and functional state of liver of steers at fattening

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Inna R. Kilmetova ◽  
◽  
Igor A. Rodin ◽  
Nazira I. Khayrullina ◽  
Nikolay G. Fenchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Stimulation Of

Summary. The disbalanced feeding and the uneven distribution of micro- and macroelements in the environment leads to a trace element, in particular hypomelanosis. To accelerate the growth and preservation of young farm animals include in the diet of various biological additives and drugs, which include selenium. For stimulation of weight gain in the livestock industry, as well as for the prevention and treatment of pathological processes in addition to micro - and macrouse amino acids, primarily methionine. The aim of this work was to study the influence of composition of DAFS-25+Polizon on morpho-biochemical parameters of blood and functional state of the liver in fattening bulls of black-motley breed in the conditions of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Experiments using were conducted on bull-calves of black-motley breed of the properties in the properties age from 6 to 15 months. The first experimental group during the experiment was additionally given the composition of DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg, the animals of the control group received a standard diet. To assess the impact of the composition DAFS-25+Polizon on metabolism cattle studied morphological and biochemical indicators of blood and conducted histological examination of the liver. It is established that the use of the composition of DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg increases the number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in the experimental group and reduces the amount of white blood cells. The serum content of total protein, phosphorus and calcium increases in the group of experimental animals. Microscopic examination of the liver revealed no changes in the structure of the organ and hepatocytes in the experimental group, whereas in the control group hemodynamic disorders and dystrophic changes in liver cells were observed. Thus, the use of the composition DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg of live weight in fattening bulls black-and-white breed contributes to the increase of redox processes in the body, stimulation of metabolism, prevent the development of liver disorders of cellular mechanisms of metabolism, optimizes the structure of the liver, which generally provides higher productivity.

Evaluation of the functional tension of foreign medical student’s organisms in adapting to educational activities

2020 ◽  
pp. 755-755
Author(s):  
N. K. Smagulov ◽  
A. A. Adilbekova ◽  
N. V. Gitenis
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Activities ◽  
Modeling Methods ◽  
Functional Stress

The use of mathematical modeling methods allowed us to develop criteria for functional stress for assessing and predicting the level of functional stress of foreign students in the process of adaptation to the educational process.

Study of functional state of microcirculatory channel system in periodontal tissues in persons of different age groups

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
L. Yu. Orekhova ◽  
A. A. Petrov ◽  
E. S. Loboda ◽  
I. V. Berezkina ◽  
K. V. Shadrina
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Group 12 ◽  
Therapeutic Measures

Relevance. The study of age-related features of microcirculation in periodontal tissues, using non-invasive functional research methods, allows us to develop the optimal range of therapeutic measures, as well as form a “personalized therapeutic case”.Purpose. Study of the functional state of the microvasculature in the tissues of the parodont in individuals of various age groups.Materials and methods. A standard dental examination of 80 patients was carried out, the sample of participants was ranked in 4 groups by age: 1 group – 12 years old, 2 group – 15 years old, 3 group – from 16 to 18 years old, 4 group – from 22 to 24 years old. Hygiene and periodontal indices were determined for all patients, such as papillarymarginal-alveolar (PMA) in the Parma modification, the Mulleman bleeding index in the Cowell modification (SBI), and the simplified Green Vermillion index of oral hygiene (OHI–s), caries intensity indicators for a permanent bite (CPI), as well as ultrasound dopplerography of periodontal tissues using the apparatus "Minimax-Doppler-K".Results. When studying microcirculation in periodontal tissues, distinctive characteristics of linear (Vas) and volumetric (Qas) blood flow rates, as well as indicators of pulsation indices (PI) and peripheral resistance (RI) in people of different age groups were recorded.Conclusions. This study confirms the presence of various hemodynamic indicators of periodontal tissues in the studied groups, which is due to structural features of the circulatory system in age periods.

Risk of Depression in Adolescents and Young Adults with Rheumatic Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Anna Kostiukow ◽  
Wojciech Strzelecki ◽  
Mateusz W. Romanowski ◽  
Marta Rosołek ◽  
Ewa Mojs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Control Group

Introduction: The study is aimed at drawing the attention of the medical environment to the mental health aspects of young patients as a factor that significantly influences the efficiency of their rheumatic disease treatment. Aim: This paper is to check the risk of depression among a group of adolescents and young adults with rheumatic diseases. Material and Methods: The study was conducted among a group of 68 late adolescents and young adults (18-22 years old) with rheumatic diseases. The control group consisted of 102 young people (18-22 years old) without a diagnosed chronic disease. Risk of depression was measured using a screening tool – the Kutcher Adolescent Depression Scale (KADS). Results: The analysis showed that the probability of depression in the study group was 35.3%. In the control group, this rate was 19.6%. The results were statistical significance (p=0.028). Conclusions: The results of this study prove that the risk of depression among adolescents and young adults with rheumatic diseases is significantly higher than in healthy young people. The highest risk of depression is related to feeling tired, fatigue, low energy levels and lack of motivation as well as feeling worried, nervous, panicky, tense, keyed-up and anxious.

Platelet distribution width in young patients with chronic venous insufficiency

Vascular ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 170853812110296
Author(s):  
Mustafa Aldemir ◽  
Ahmet Yuksel ◽  
Mehmet Inanir ◽  
Salih Metin ◽  
Yusuf Velioglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Chronic Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Platelet Distribution Width ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Research Hospital ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio

Objective Platelet distribution width (PDW) has been reported in a wide range of pathological settings. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between PDW and lower extremity chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) by comparing the levels of PDW and other parameters derived from complete blood count (CBC) tests in young individuals with or without lower extremity CVI. Methods This prospective clinical study was conducted between January 2020 and December 2020. A total of 108 patients, 72 patients with lower extremity CVI (study group) and 36 healthy volunteers (control group) were enrolled from the Bursa Yuksek Ihtısas Educatıon Research Hospıtal and the Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University Training and Research Hospital. The age range of the participants was between 18 and 50 years old. Participants’ baseline clinical features and CBC parameters including PDW, white blood cell, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, red cell distribution width, neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet count, mean platelet volume, plateletcrit, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio were compared between the two groups. Results The groups were statistically similar in terms of baseline clinical features. The median PDW value was significantly higher for the CVI patients relative to the control group (17.6 vs 16.8; p < 0.001). In terms of other CBC parameters, there were no significant differences between the groups. According to ROC analysis, area under the curve of PDW was 0.749 (95% confidence interval: 0.653–0.846 and p < 0.001). If the value of PDW was accepted as 17, it could predict CVI with 76% sensitivity and 59% specificity, whereas a PDW value of 17.5 could predict CVI with 51% sensitivity and 81% specificity. Conclusion Platelet distribution width might be a useful marker to determine an increased inflammatory response and thrombotic status in young patients with CVI.

scholarly journals The impact of vascular risk factors on the thickness and volume of the choroid in AMD patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Krytkowska ◽  
Aleksandra Grabowicz ◽  
Katarzyna Mozolewska-Piotrowska ◽  
Zofia Ulańczyk ◽  
Krzysztof Safranow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vascular Risk Factors ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
Average Volume ◽  
Central Ring ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Wet Amd

AbstractDisturbances in choroidal microcirculation may lead to the onset and progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We aimed to assess changes in the choroidal volume and thickness in the macular region in AMD eyes and to investigate whether coexisting vascular risk factors alter choroidal status. We enrolled 354 AMD patients (175 dry, 179 wet AMD) and 121 healthy controls. All participants underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination and assessment of choroidal thickness and volume. A multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex, and smoking status revealed that wet AMD was an independent factor associated with higher average thickness of the central ring area (ATC) and average volume of the central ring area (AVC) and lower choroidal vascularity index (CVI) compared to controls (β =  + 0.18, p = 0.0007, β =  + 0.18, p = 0.0008, respectively) and to dry AMD (β =  + 0.17, p = 0.00003 for both ATC and AVC and β =  − 0.30 p < 0.0001 for CVI). ATC, AVC and average volume (AV) were lower in AMD patients with hypertension and ischaemic heart disease (IHD). The duration of hypertension was inversely correlated with ATC, AVC and AV (Rs =  − 0.13, p < 0.05; Rs =  − 0.12; p < 0.05, Rs =  − 0.12; p < 0.05, respectively) while IHD duration negatively correlated with AV (Rs =  − 0.15, p < 0.05). No such associations were observed in the control group. Our findings show that the choroidal vascular system in eyes with AMD is much more susceptible to damage in the presence than in the absence of systemic vascular disease.

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