scholarly journals Pengoperasian dan Perawatan PLTMH pada Pembangkit Listrik Mikro Hidro (PLTMH) di Sungai Batang Geringging Kota Padang

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Fajri Dwi Putra ◽  
Nota Effiandi ◽  
Desmarita Leni
Keyword(s):  
Potential Energy ◽  
Preventive Maintenance ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Predictive Maintenance ◽  
Water Flows ◽  
Horizontal Shaft ◽  
Water Turbine

Water turbine is a tool to convert the potential energy of water into mechanical energy, this mechanical energy is then converted into electrical energy by a generator. Crossflow turbines are radial, small pressurized turbines with tangential injection from fan rotation with a horizontal shaft. The flow of water flows through the pipe entrance, and is arranged by a propeller and into the turbine fan rotation. After the water passes through the turbine fan rotation, the water is at the opposite fan rotation, thus providing additional efficiency. Finally, water flows from the casing either freely or through a tube under the turbine so that it rotates and turns the generator so it can produce electricity. Maintenance of PLTMH is carried out namely preventive maintenance such as; cleaning, lubrication and periodic checks. Maintenance corrections are carried out with the aim of being able to maintain the PLTMH component. Predictive maintenance of a treatment carried out in accordance with the conditions of the PLTMH and predicting damage that will occur in PLTMH

scholarly journals WATER POWER GENERATOR FOR PUBLIC ROAD ILLUMINATION LIGHTS OF PADI VILLAGE MOJOKERTO

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Akhmad Solikin ◽  
Rohib Ilma Suktawan
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electric Voltage ◽  
Street Lighting ◽  
Hydroelectric Generator ◽  
Water Turbine ◽  
Water Turbines

Electricity problems in rural areas more and more electric power is needed. Until now, power plants that use water turbines are environmentally friendly electricity producers, so the potential for energy from the air needs to be utilized to address the demand for electricity. Therefore, the solution to this problem is to use the "Design and Construction of Hydroelectric Generator for Public Street Lighting".  The generator is a source of electric voltage obtained by converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. The generator works based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, which is by rotating a coil in a magnetic field so that the induced GGL (Electric Motion Force) arises. In this thesis, a research is conducted on the Water Turbine Generator in the river in the village area of Padi Gondang Mojokerto as an object of water flow in order to generate electric power to reduce crime in the area in the form of a load object in the form of Public Street Lighting.

Novel Two-Stage Electrical Energy Generators for Low and Variable Speed Rotary Machinery

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jahangir Rastegar ◽  
Richard Murray
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Speed Control ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Current Technology ◽  
Rotary Machinery

A novel class of two-stage electrical energy generators is presented for rotary machinery and rocking platforms in which the input speed is low and varies significantly, even reversing. Applications include wind mills, turbo-machinery for harvesting tidal flows, floating platforms and the like. Current technology using rotary generators requires gearing or similar mechanisms to increase the input speed to make the generation cycle efficient. Variable speed-control mechanisms are also usually needed to achieve high mechanical to electrical energy conversion efficiency. In this paper, electrical energy generators are presented that can efficiently operate at very low and highly variable and even intermittent and reversing speeds without requiring gearing or other speed control mechanisms. The generators are very simple in design and can significantly reduce complexity and cost, especially those pertaining to maintenance and servicing. In addition, these new generators can expand the application of energy harvesting to much slower input speeds than current technology allows. The primary novelty of this technology is the two-stage harvesting system. In these energy harvesting systems, input mechanical energy from the environment such as wind or ocean waves is stored in a primary sub-system (stage) as potential energy. When the level of potential energy reaches a certain predetermined level, it is released into a secondary sub-system (stage). The secondary sub-system converts the stored mechanical energy into electrical energy. The secondary sub-system is preferably designed as vibrating mass-spring type energy harvester to achieve relatively high and nearly constant natural frequency and use piezoelectric or magnet and coil type generators to convert stored mechanical energy of vibration to electrical energy.

scholarly journals FISIKA KONTEKSTUAL PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA MIKROHIDRO

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Richardo Barry Astro ◽  
Hamsa Doa ◽  
Hendro Hendro
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Impulse Turbine ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Water Turbine ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Main Components

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prinsip dasar dan sistem kerja pembangkit listrik tenaga mikrohidro (PLTMH) dari sudut pandang fisika sebagai upaya penyediaan dan pengembangan sumber belajar kontekstual. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan menggunakan metode studi literatur, observasi, dan wawancara. Hasilnya ditemukan bahwa PLTMH memiliki tiga komponen utama yakni air sebagai sumber energi, turbin, dan generator. Skema konversi energi pada PLTMH yang menggunakan head adalah sebagai berikut: 1) energi potensial air dari reservoir diubah menjadi energi kinetik pada pipa pesat, 2) energi kinetik air diubah menjadi energi mekanik oleh turbin air, 3) energi mekanik diubah menjadi energi listrik oleh generator. Turbin air berdasarkan prinsip kerja dibagi atas turbin impuls dan turbin reaksi. Turbin impuls memanfaatkan perubahan momentum air sebelum dan setelah menabrak sudu turbin, sedangkan turbin reaksi memanfaatkan perbedaan tekanan pada permukaan sudu. Generator bekerja berdasarkan prinsip induksi elektromagnetik. Ketika rotor generator yang terkopel pada turbin berputar, kumparan konduktor akan memotong garis medan magnet sehingga timbul tegangan induksi. Kata kunci: pembangkit listrik tenaga mikrohidro; konversi energi; turbin, generator. ABSTRACTThe research aims to determine the fundamental principles and working systems of Microhydro power plants from a physical standpoint as an effort to provide and develop contextual learning resources. This study was conducted using literature, observation and interview methods. The results found that PLTMH had three main components i.e. water as energy source, turbine, and generator. The energy conversion scheme on PLTMH that uses the head is as follows: 1) The potential energy of water from the reservoir is converted into kinetic energy on the rapid pipeline, 2) water kinetic energy converted into mechanical energy by water turbine, 3) changed mechanical energy into electrical energy by generators. The water turbine based on the working principle is divided into impulse turbines and reaction turbines. The impulse turbine utilizes a change in water momentum before and after crashing the turbine's sudu, while the reaction turbine utilizes pressure differences on the surface of the Sudu. The generators work based on electromagnetic induction principles. When the rotor generator is attached to the turbine spinning, the conductor coil will cut off the magnetic field line so that the induction voltage arises. Keywords: microhydro power plant; energy conversion; turbine; generator.

Reduction of structural vibrations with the piezoelectric stacks ring

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 729-736
Author(s):  
Jincheng He ◽  
Xing Tan ◽  
Wang Tao ◽  
Xinhai Wu ◽  
Huan He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibration Control ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Structural Vibrations ◽  
Rotor Systems ◽  
Fea Model ◽  
Piezoelectric Stacks ◽  
Shunt Damping ◽  
Reduction Effect ◽  
Euler Bernoulli Beam

It is known that piezoelectric material shunted with external circuits can convert mechanical energy to electrical energy, which is so called piezoelectric shunt damping technology. In this paper, a piezoelectric stacks ring (PSR) is designed for vibration control of beams and rotor systems. A relative simple electromechanical model of an Euler Bernoulli beam supported by two piezoelectric stacks shunted with resonant RL circuits is established. The equation of motion of such simplified system has been derived using Hamilton’s principle. A more realistic FEA model is developed. The numerical analysis is carried out using COMSOL® and the simulation results show a significant reduction of vibration amplitude at the specific natural frequencies. Using finite element method, the influence of circuit parameters on lateral vibration control is discussed. A preliminary experiment of a prototype PSR verifies the PSR’s vibration reduction effect.

scholarly journals Performance Characteristics in Runner of an Impulse Water Turbine with Splitter Blade

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
Lingdi Tang ◽  
Shouqi Yuan ◽  
Yue Tang ◽  
Zhijun Gao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Water Turbine ◽  
Conversion Performance ◽  
Water Turbines ◽  
Current Energy

The impulse water turbine is a promising energy conversion device that can be used as mechanical power or a micro hydro generator, and its application can effectively ease the current energy crisis. This paper aims to clarify the mechanism of liquid acting on runner blades, the hydraulic performance, and energy conversion characteristics in the runner domain of an impulse water turbine with a splitter blade by using experimental tests and numerical simulations. The runner was divided into seven areas along the flow direction, and the power variation in the runner domain was analyzed to reflect its energy conversion characteristics. The obtained results indicate that the critical area of the runner for doing the work is in the front half of the blades, while the rear area of the blades does relatively little work and even consumes the mechanical energy of the runner to produce negative work. The high energy area is concentrated in the flow passage facing the nozzle. The energy is gradually evenly distributed from the runner inlet to the runner outlet, and the negative energy caused by flow separation with high probability is gradually reduced. The clarification of the energy conversion performance is of great significance to improve the design of impulse water turbines.

scholarly journals Energy absorption at lower limb joints in different foot contact strategies while descending stairs

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 433-440
Author(s):  
Hyeong-Min Jeon ◽  
Ki-Kwang Lee ◽  
Jun-Young Lee ◽  
Ju-Hwan Shin ◽  
Gwang-Moon Eom
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Stair Descent ◽  
Young Subjects ◽  
Power And Energy ◽  
Joint Loads

BACKGROUND: Joint loads in different walking strategies during stair descent have been investigated in terms of the joint moment in association with the risk of osteoarthritis. However, the absorption mechanisms of the potential energy loss are not known. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to compare the mechanical energy absorptions in lower limb joints in different initial foot contact strategies. METHODS: Nineteen young subjects walked down on instrumented stairs with two different strategies, i.e., forefoot and rearfoot strike. Power and energy at lower limb joints during stance phase were compared between strategies. RESULTS: Lower limb joints absorbed 73 ± 11% of the potential energy released by descending stairs and there was no difference between strategies. Rearfoot strategy absorbed less energy than forefoot strategy at the ankle joint in the 1st phase, which was compensated mainly by more energy absorption at the knee in the 2nd phase and less energy generation at the hip joints in the 3rd phase. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that a leg absorbs most of the potential energy while descending stairs irrespective of the walking strategies and that any reduction of energy absorption at one joint is compensated by other joints. Greater energy absorption at the knee joint compared to the other joints suggests high burden of knee joint muscles and connective tissues during stair-descent, which is even more significant for the rearfoot strike strategy.

scholarly journals Walking in simulated reduced gravity: mechanical energy fluctuations and exchange

1999 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 383-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy M. Griffin ◽  
Neil A. Tolani ◽  
Rodger Kram
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
Gravitational Potential ◽  
Inverted Pendulum ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Metabolic Cost ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Gravitational Potential Energy ◽  
Reduced Gravity

Walking humans conserve mechanical and, presumably, metabolic energy with an inverted pendulum-like exchange of gravitational potential energy and horizontal kinetic energy. Walking in simulated reduced gravity involves a relatively high metabolic cost, suggesting that the inverted-pendulum mechanism is disrupted because of a mismatch of potential and kinetic energy. We tested this hypothesis by measuring the fluctuations and exchange of mechanical energy of the center of mass at different combinations of velocity and simulated reduced gravity. Subjects walked with smaller fluctuations in horizontal velocity in lower gravity, such that the ratio of horizontal kinetic to gravitational potential energy fluctuations remained constant over a fourfold change in gravity. The amount of exchange, or percent recovery, at 1.00 m/s was not significantly different at 1.00, 0.75, and 0.50 G (average 64.4%), although it decreased to 48% at 0.25 G. As a result, the amount of work performed on the center of mass does not explain the relatively high metabolic cost of walking in simulated reduced gravity.

scholarly journals Feasibility study of power generation using a turbine mounted in aircraft wing

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2-1) ◽  
pp. 433
Author(s):  
K. Sri Vamsi Krishna ◽  
Shiva Prasad ◽  
R. Sabari Vihar ◽  
K. Babitha ◽  
K Veeranjaneyulu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Free Stream ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Aircraft Wing ◽  
Aerodynamic Efficiency ◽  
Turbulent Reynolds Number ◽  
Main Motive ◽  
Emergency Power

The main objective of this study is to increase the aerodynamic efficiency of turbine mounted novel wing. The main motive behind this work is to reduce the drag by attaining the positive velocity gradient and generate power by converting the stagnation pressure which also acts as emergency power source. By using the energy source of free stream air, Mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy. The obtained power is presented in terms of voltage generated at various angles of attack with different Reynolds number. Experimental analysis is carried out for NACA4415 airfoil at various angles with respect to free stream ranging from 0deg to 30deg from laminar to turbulent Reynolds number. The results were obtained using the research tunnel at IARE aerodynamic facility center. The aerodynamic advantage of this design in terms of voltage is 9.5 V at 35m/s which can be utilized for the aircraft on board power systems.

scholarly journals Analisis Pembangkit Listrik Berbasis Flywheel

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Jumadi Tangko ◽  
Remigius Tandioga ◽  
Ismail Djufri ◽  
Riza Haardiyanti
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Moment Of Inertia ◽  
Mechanical Device ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Wheeled Vehicles ◽  
Load Conditions

Flywheel is a rotating mechanical device, which is generally used on four-wheeled vehicles. Flywheel has a moment of inertia that is able to withstand changes in rotational speed. The energy in flywheel is mechanical energy. This mechanical energy will be converted by generators into electrical energy. At the flywheel-based power plant, tests are carried out in the form of rotation, the generator power of the generator under no load or load conditions, and the time needed for this generator to survive. The results showed that the ability of the flywheel-based power plant in the condition without a backup supply to the motor in the condition of a generator without a load is able to generate power of 860.1 W for 22 seconds, while in a load-bearing generator capable of generating electricity by 708.75 W for 18 seconds 

scholarly journals Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG): Factors affecting its efficiency and applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-172
Author(s):  
Deepak Anand ◽  
Singh Sambyal ◽  
Rakesh Vaid
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Electrostatic Induction ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerators ◽  
Human Motions ◽  
Great Scope

The demand for energy is increasing tremendously with modernization of the technology and requires new sources of renewable energy. The triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) are capable of harvesting ambient energy and converting it into electricity with the process of triboelectrification and electrostatic-induction. TENG can convert mechanical energy available in the form of vibrations, rotation, wind and human motions etc., into electrical energy there by developing a great scope for scavenging large scale energy. In this review paper, we have discussed various modes of operation of TENG along with the various factors contributing towards its efficiency and applications in wearable electronics.

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