scholarly journals Preparation of Harmless Play Dough with Some Vegetable Dyes

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-195
Author(s):  
Adem Onal ◽  
Meryem Bakrac ◽  
Ferda Eser
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Kneading Method ◽  
Decay Times ◽  
Direct Dye ◽  
Walnut Leaves

Preparation of harmless play dough process with vegetable dyes were investigated using various plant extracts (pomegranate flower, onionskin, purple basil, spinach, walnut leaves, red beet, red cabbage, turmeric, Turkish coffee, woad and red pepper) and powders of some plants (woad and Turkish coffee) as direct dye. Play doughs were obtained with plant extract. For this purpose, processed wheat flour with powders of plants by using kneading method with combination of various adjuvants were used. Decay times at room and cold ambient temperatures were determined. Texture and glutomatic system analysis were done for the investigation of the elasticity and elongation features. Prepared play doughs were used as a practical in order to understand whether they show any allergen status during and after play in kindergarten and nursery. The play dough obtained from unheated method was conquered to the other methods based on their properties of both color and longevity.

scholarly journals Suitability of five plant species extracts for their compatibility with indigenous Beauveria bassiana against Aphis gossypii Glov. (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samy Sayed ◽  
Sayed-Ashraf Elarnaouty ◽  
Esmat Ali
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
The Other ◽  
Single Treatment ◽  
Combined Treatments ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Background The cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glov. (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a major insect pest on a wide range of plants that causes high damage and transmits plant viruses. This study was carried out to evaluate an indigenous isolate, Beauveria bassiana (Bb), and extracts of 5 plant species: Psiadia penninervia, Pulicaria crispa, Euryops arabicus, Salvia officinalis, and Ochradenus baccatus against A. gossypii, as individual and combined treatments to estimate their compatibility under laboratory conditions. Also, the antifungal activity of these plant extracts against B. bassiana was evaluated. Results LC50 value was 8.64 × 104 spores/ml of Bb against A. gossypii, while LC50 values of the tested 5 plant extracts on A. gossypii were 103.64, 879.92, 747.90, 783.28, and 262.42 μg/ml for P. penninervia, P. crispa, E. arabicus, S. officinalis, and O. baccatus, respectively. Both P. penninervia and O. baccatus extracts had the highest antifungal activities against Bb and were significantly different from the other 3 plant extracts. After 24 h of treatment with the combination of Bb and each extract, no effect for these combinations on A. gossypii mortality was recorded. Meanwhile, 5 days after treatment, the combined treatments between Bb and each plant extract achieved a significant increase in mortality than that of the single treatment with Bb or plant extract, except for P. penninervia extract, which did not achieve a significant mortality increase when combined with B. bassiana than that of its single treatment. Conclusion P. penninervia extract was not compatible with B. bassiana, but the other tested 4 plant extracts were compatible with B. bassiana. These 4 plant extracts could be used to control aphids in combinations with B. bassiana. Further laboratory and field investigations are needed to examine the effects of these plant extracts on other insect pests or associated beneficial insects.

scholarly journals Development of a New Pasta Product by the Incorporation of Chestnut Flour and Bee Pollen

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6617
Author(s):  
Maëlys Brochard ◽  
Paula Correia ◽  
Maria João Barroca ◽  
Raquel P. F. Guiné
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Cooking Time ◽  
The Other ◽  
Physical Characterization ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Chestnut Flour ◽  
Cooking Yield

This work aimed at developing fortified pastas incorporating chestnut flour (25–55%) and powdered pollen (5–20%), either separately or in combination, as well as the characterization of the products obtained. To this, a physical characterization was carried out (analyzing texture and color), complemented with chemical analyses to determine the nutritional composition. Results showed that adding chestnut flour over 40% to wheat-flour pasta shortened optimum cooking time and lowered cooking yield, and the addition to pasta prepared with wheat flour and eggs maintained approximately constant the cooking yield. Additionally, the incorporation of pollen powder (up to 20%) in pasta prepared with wheat flour and water or fresh egg shortened the cooking time and cooking yield, in both fresh and dried pasta. The most suitable percentages of the new ingredients were 50% for chestnut and 10% for pollen. Comparing with the control pasta recipe (wheat flour and egg), the addition of chestnut flour (50%) or pollen powder (10%) increased stickiness, adhesiveness and the darkening of the final product (fresh or dried) but maintained the firmness of the pasta. The cooking of fresh or dried pasta enriched with both ingredients turned the pasta clearer and slightly stickier. On the other hand, the addition of chestnut flour and pollen powder in pasta formulation delivered a nutritionally balanced product with high fiber, vitamins and minerals. Overall, chestnut flour and powdered pollen represent promising ingredients for the development of functional fresh and dried pasta formulations.

scholarly journals Application of Plant Extracts in Micropropagation and Cryopreservation of Bleeding Heart: An Ornamental-Medicinal Plant Species

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 542
Author(s):  
Dariusz Kulus ◽  
Natalia Miler
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
The Other ◽  
White Gold ◽  
Natural Extracts ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Impact

Lamprocapnos spectabilis (L.) Fukuhara (bleeding heart) is valued both in the horticultural and pharmaceutical markets. Despite its great popularity, information on the in vitro tissue culture technology in this species is limited. There is also little knowledge on the application of plant extracts in the tissue culture systems of plants other than orchids. The aim of this study is to compare the utility of traditional plant growth regulators (PGRs) and natural extracts—obtained from the coconut shreds, as well as oat, rice, and sesame seeds—in the micropropagation and cryopreservation of L. spectabilis ‘Gold Heart’ and ‘White Gold’. The biochemical analysis of extracts composition is also included. In the first experiment related to micropropagation via axillary buds activation, the single-node explants were cultured for a 10-week-long propagation cycle in the modified Murashige and Skoog medium fortified either with 1.11 µM benzyladenine (BA) and 1.23 µM indole-3-butritic acid (IBA) or with 10% (v/v) plant extracts. A PGRs- and extract-free control was also considered. In the cryopreservation experiment, the same 10% (v/v) extracts were added into the medium during a seven-day preculture in the encapsulation-vitrification cryopreservation protocol. It was found that the impact of natural additives was cultivar- and trait-specific. In the first experiment, the addition of coconut extract favoured the proliferation of shoots and propagation ratio in bleeding heart ‘Gold Heart’. Rice extract, on the other hand, promoted callus formation in ‘White Gold’ cultivar and was more effective in increasing the propagation ratio in this cultivar than the conventional plant growth regulators (4.1 and 2.6, respectively). Sesame extract suppressed the development of the explants in both cultivars analysed, probably due to the high content of polyphenols. As for the second experiment, the addition of plant extracts into the preculture medium did not increase the survival level of the cryopreserved shoot tips (sesame and oat extracts even decreased this parameter). On the other hand, coconut extract, abundant in simple sugars and endogenous cytokinins, stimulated a more intensive proliferation and growth of shoots after rewarming of samples. Analysing the synergistic effect of conventional plant growth regulators and natural extracts should be considered in future studies related to L. spectabilis.

scholarly journals Effects of plant extracts on antioxidant status and oxidant-induced stress in Caco-2 cells

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Aisling Aherne ◽  
Joseph P. Kerry ◽  
Nora M. O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Neutral Red ◽  
Dna Integrity ◽  
Cell Membrane Integrity ◽  
Wide Range

Experimental evidence suggests that most herbs and spices possess a wide range of biological and pharmacological activities that may protect tissues against O2-induced damage. The objectives of the present study were: first, to determine the effects of plant extracts on the viability, membrane integrity, antioxidant status and DNA integrity of Caco-2 cells and second, to investigate the cytoprotective and genoprotective effects of these plant extracts against oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells. The plant extracts examined were rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), oregano (Origanum vulgare L.), sage (Salvia officinalis L.) and echinacea (Echinacea purpurea L.). Cell membrane integrity was assessed by the lactate dehydrogenase release assay. Viability was determined by the neutral red uptake assay (NRUA) and the concentration of compound that resulted in 50 % cell death (IC50) was calculated. Antioxidant status of the cells was assessed by measuring GSH content, catalase activity and superoxide dismutase activity. To examine their cytoprotective and genoprotective effects, Caco-2 cells were pre-treated with each plant extract for 24 h followed by exposure to H2O2. DNA damage was assessed by the comet assay and cell injury was determined by the NRUA. Rosemary was the most toxic (IC50 123 μg/ml) and echinacea the least toxic (IC50 1421 μg/ml). Sage was the only plant extract to affect the antioxidant status of the cells by increasing GSH content. Sage, oregano and rosemary protected against H2O2-induced DNA damage (olive tail moment and percentage tail DNA), whereas protection against H2O2-induced cytotoxicity was afforded by sage only.

scholarly journals Fertigation of ‘BRS Princesa’ banana with humic substance and saponin-based plant extracts

Revista CERES ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-398
Author(s):  
Diego Magalhães de Melo* ◽  
Eugênio Ferreira Coelho ◽  
Raul Castro Carriello Rosa ◽  
Ana Lucia Borges ◽  
Djalma Barbosa dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Humic Substances ◽  
Humic Substance ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Banana Cultivar

ABSTRACT The use of humic substances and plant extract has been increasing mainly in organic crop systems without scientific-based recommendations. Research is necessary to evaluate the feasibility and the recommendations of these substances. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of humic substances (humic and fulvic acids) applied by fertigation with and without saponin-based plant extracts on growth and yield of ‘BRS Princesa’ banana. The experiment was carried out using the banana cultivar ‘BRS Princesa’, at a spacing of 2.0 × 2.5 m, fertigated by drip irrigation in a Dystric Densic Xantic Ferralsol, at the Recôncavo da Bahia, Brazil. Treatments consisted of five doses of humic substances (0.0; 70; 105; 140, and 210 L ha-1cycle-1) applied with and without a saponin-based plant extract in a randomized block design in split-plot scheme. The following growth variables were evaluated: number of leaves, pseudostem height, pseudostem diameter, and length and width of the third leaf. The number of fruits/hand and hands/bunch, hand and bunch yield, and length and fruit diameter of the second central hand were evaluated during harvest. The doses of humic substances influenced only pseudostem height. Hand yield, as well as fruit length and diameter of ‘BRS Princesa’ banana were higher in plants fertigated with humic substance and plant extract in comparison with plants fertigated with only humic substance.

scholarly journals Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of Staurogyne sp. in fish disease bacteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Media Fitri Isma Nugraha ◽  
Hessy Novita ◽  
Muh Alias Rajamuddin ◽  
Rossa Yunita ◽  
Wening Enggarini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extract ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Chromobacterium Violaceum ◽  
Edwardsiella Ictaluri ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Fish Disease ◽  
Flavobacterium Columnare

This study was aimed to identify the potential use of active compounds extracted from Staurogyne sp as an antibacterial agent to control disease-causing bacteria in fish. Staurogyne sp, an aquatic plant collected from Bantimurung, South Sulawesi were subjected to allelochemical compound. Plant extracts were tested to five bacteria including four types of bacterial pathogen, such as Aeromonas hydrophilla, Edwardsiella ictaluri, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Flavobacterium columnare, and one bacterial sensing quoroum, Chromobacterium violaceum. Based on phytochemical analysis, Staurogyne’s extracts derived from both stem and root contained flavonoids, phenols, and antioxidants compounds with the concentration of 0.018 mgQE/g, 0.3471 mgGAE/g, and  1004,391 IC50 µg/mL, respectively. In addition, Staurogyne plant extracts derived from both their stem and root has also produced both saponins and glycosides compounds. Plant extracts derived from Staurogyne’s leaves revealed three major chemical compounds such as flavonoids (0.77 mgQE/g), phenol (0.0629 mgGAE/g), and glycosides (+). However, no antioxidants and saponin compounds were detected.  Applying plant extracts as an antibacterial on five disease-causing bacteria causing diseases in aquaculture, such as Aeromonas Hydrophilla, Edwardsiella ictaluri, Streptococcus agalactiae, Flavobacterium columnare, and Chromobacterium violaceum bacterials revealed that at concentration of 0.1 g the Staurogyne sp extracts did not influence all the bacterials growth. However, by application of plant extract at concentration of 0.2 g on the growth media,three out of 5 tested bacterials (Aeromonas hydrophilla, Edwardsiella ictaluri, and Streptococcus agalactiae) showed intermediate inhibition responses on bacterial growth. The growth of remaining two bacterials pathogen, Flavobacterium columnare and Chromobacterium violaceum at 0.2 g plant extract of Staurogyne sp was not affected. This study revealed that the use of active compound derived from Staurogyne sp would be potential to be used in inhibiting disease-causing bacterial in fish in future. However, optimum concentration of the plant extracts, in particular on the inhibition of the growth of disease-causing bacteria in fish is still needed to adjust.Key words: Antibacterial, aquatic plant, Staurogyne sp, fish disease

EFFECT OF LATITUDE ON THE CRITICAL PHOTOPERIOD FOR DIAPAUSE INDUCTION IN THE BERTHA ARMYWORM, MAMESTRA CONFIGURATA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (8) ◽  
pp. 1039-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Hegdekar
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Diapause Induction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fluctuating Temperature ◽  
Mamestra Configurata ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Critical Photoperiod ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
H 20 ◽  
Bertha Armyworm

AbstractThe critical photoperiod for diapause induction in pupae of Mamestra configurata Walker in Manitoba was 16 h 06 min at Glenlea (49°38′ N), 16 h 20 min at Grandview (51°10′ N), and 16 h 42 min at Birch River (52°24′ N). The differences in cirtical photoperiods observed at Glenlea and Grandview were not significant. At least two different photoperiods exist, one in the Glenlea and Grandview areas and the other in the Birch River area. In the laboratory, the critical photoperiod was 13.5 h when larvae were exposed to a daily fluctuating temperature regime of 12 h at 25 °C and 12 h at 10 °C. Longer critical photoperiods found for the field populations may be related to the relatively low ambient temperatures to which the larvae were exposed in field cages.

Antimicrobial effects of plant extracts against Clostridium perfringens with respect to food-relevant influencing factors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Friedlein ◽  
Samart Dorn-In ◽  
Karin Schwaiger
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Microdilution Method

The application of plant extracts (PEs) could be a promising option to satisfy consumers’ demand for natural additives to inhibit growth of variable pathogenic bacteria. Thus, the aim of this study was to develop a standardized microdilution method to examine the antimicrobial effects of ten hydrophilic plant extracts against two strains of C. perfringens facing various food-relevant influencing factors. Due to the high opacity of PEs, resazurin was used as an indicator for bacterial growth instead of pellet formation. The highest value of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the replications of each PE was defined as effective plant extract concentration (EPC), whereas the next concentration beneath the lowest MIC value was defined as the ineffective plant extract concentration (IEPC). The EPC of seven PEs: allspice, cardamom, cinnamon, clove, coriander, ginger and mace were between 0.625 - 10 g/kg, whereas extracts of caravey, nutmeg and thyme showed no antimicrobial activity up to the maximum concentration tested (10 g/kg) against C. perfringens in vitro. Two intrinsic factors, sodium chloride and sodium nitrite, displayed either synergistic/additive effects or no interaction with most PEs. By combination with PEs at its ineffective plant concentration (IEPC, 0.08 – 1.25 g/kg), MIC of NaCl and NaNO2 decreased from 25 – 50 g/kg to 6 – 25 g/kg and > 200 mg/kg to 0.2 – 100 mg/kg respectively. On the contrary, lipid (sun flower oil) at a low concentration inhibited the antimicrobial effects of all tested PEs. For extrinsic factors, only allspice, ginger and coriander could maintain their antimicrobial effects after being heated to 78 °C for 30 min. The synergistic effect between PEs and pH values (5.0 and 5.5) was also found for all PEs. The established screening method with resazurin and defining EPC and IEPC values allows the verification of antimicrobial effects of PEs under various food-relevant influencing factors in a fast and reproducible way.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Plant Extracts on Post-Thaw some Spermatological Parameters of Cryopreserved Awassi Rams Spermatozoa

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Ilker YAVAS ◽  
Tugba KORKMAZ YAVAS
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
Final Concentration ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Rosemary Extract ◽  
Positive Effects

Several diluting–protecting media and different methods have been used for storage of ram semen in liquid and frozen state (Salamonand Maxwel, 2000). Addition of preservatives media for increasing storage of sperm are very important for successful artificial insemination in rams. This study was conducted on evaluate the effect of 3 plant extract. Ejaculates were collected using an electro-ejaculator twice a week during there productive season. After pooling, each pooled ejaculate was split into four equal aliquots and diluted with based Tris, Citric acid, Egg yolk, glicerol extender containing plant extracts (0.02% and % 0.04 Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) (Rosemary extract -oil-soluble)); Echinacea (Echinacea purpurea) (0.5 mg/mL and 1 mg/ml) and St. John’s wort (Herba Hyperici) (0.5 mg/mL and 1 mg/mL) at a final concentration of approximately 2x108 motil spermatozoa per straw. These results indicate that that the addition of Echinaceaand Rosemary as antioxidants have more positive effects for Awassi rams on spermatological parameters.

Synthesis of complementary RNA by RNA-dependent RNA polymerases in plant extracts is independent of an RNA primer

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Neil A. Smith ◽  
Lan Zhang ◽  
Elizabeth S. Dennis ◽  
Peter M. Waterhouse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Callus Tissue ◽  
Polymerase Activity ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Rna Dependent Rna Polymerase ◽  
Methyl Group ◽  
The Individual

RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RDR) activities were readily detected in extracts from cauliflower and broccoli florets, Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh callus tissue and broccoli nuclei. The synthesis of complementary RNA (cRNA) was independent of a RNA primer, whether or not the primer contained a 3′ terminal 2′-O-methyl group or was phosphorylated at the 5′ terminus. cRNA synthesis in plant extracts was not affected by loss-of-function mutations in the DICER-LIKE (DCL) proteins DCL2, DCL3, and DCL4, indicating that RDRs function independently of these DCL proteins. A loss-of-function mutation in RDR1, RDR2 or RDR6 did not significantly reduce the amount of cRNA synthesis. This indicates that these RDRs did not account for the bulk RDR activities in plant extracts, and suggest that either the individual RDRs each contribute a fraction of polymerase activity or another RDR(s) is predominant in the plant extract.

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