Foreign Approac hes to the Audit of Transport System Efficiency at the Regional Level

The article is devoted to consideration of foreign instruments for performance audit in the transport sector and to assessment of possibility of applying the methods and procedures of performance audit by Russian regional control and accounting bodies. The objective of the study is to comprehensively analyse the international experience of regulation and organisation of performance audit in the transport sector based on the practices of the Auditor General of Scotland (Great Britain) and the Auditor General of Manitoba (Canada).Considering the traditionally high share of regional budget expenditures spent on development of the transport system, it is noted that assessment of the economy, productivity and efficiency of the use of public resources is important not only for regional authorities, but also for the population and business entities.Based on the analysis of the best practices of regional government audit bodies of Great Britain and Canada in terms of performance audits in the transport sector, advanced methods and audit procedures were recorded that can be applied by Russian regional control and accounting bodies. In particular, the specifics and accuracy of recommendations to the executive authorities presented in the audit report; procedure of assessing correctness of tender procedures and effectiveness of contract execution as part of the performance audit; wide use of external experts during inspections and other features have been noted.

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Application of Mathematical and Computational Methods to Identify Women’s Priorities in Transport

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13052845 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 2845

Author(s):

Sara Poveda-Reyes ◽

Ashwani Kumar Malviya ◽

Elena García-Jiménez ◽

Gemma Dolores Molero ◽

Maria Chiara Leva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transport System ◽

Autonomous Vehicles ◽

Transport Sector ◽

Sustainable Society ◽

Analytic Hierarchy ◽

Family Responsibilities ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Participation Of Women ◽

Bike Sharing ◽

Safe Transport

It is well established that the transport sector is not an equalitarian sector. To develop a sustainable society, a more equalitarian and safe transport system for both users and transport sector employees is needed. This work prioritizes the needs and barriers previously identified as relevant among transport system users and employees for four different transport scenarios (railways, autonomous vehicles (AVs), bicycle-sharing services (BSSs), and employment). The aim of this paper is to prioritize the factors affecting women in these four transport scenarios with the help of a survey followed by the application of mathematical and computational algorithms based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) methodology. The identification of factors with higher influence in the fair participation of women in the transport sector will help transport planners, bike-sharing system owners, decision-makers, transport companies, and regulatory professionals to develop measures that could plausibly increase the proportion of women as users of BSSs, users of rail public transport, and AVs, as well as employees in the transport sector for a sustainable society. The results indicated that safety and security were the most challenging factors for railways. Weather, topography, and family responsibilities were shown to have a high influence on the use of BSSs. In the case of autonomous vehicles, the simultaneity and trust in the technology are the main opportunities to influence the acceptance of such vehicles. Finally, for transport employment, caring and parenting responsibilities were the factors that had the largest effect. Some differences in priorities were found for different profiles of women.

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Comparative TCO Analysis of Battery Electric and Hydrogen Fuel Cell Buses for Public Transport System in Small to Midsize Cities

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14144384 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (14) ◽

pp. 4384

Author(s):

Hanhee Kim ◽

Niklas Hartmann ◽

Maxime Zeller ◽

Renato Luise ◽

Tamer Soylu

Keyword(s):

Fuel Cell ◽

Transport System ◽

Public Transport ◽

Transport Sector ◽

Hydrogen Fuel Cell ◽

Hydrogen Fuel ◽

Fuel Cost ◽

The Public ◽

Public Transport System ◽

Bus Body

This paper shows the results of an in-depth techno-economic analysis of the public transport sector in a small to midsize city and its surrounding area. Public battery-electric and hydrogen fuel cell buses are comparatively evaluated by means of a total cost of ownership (TCO) model building on historical data and a projection of market prices. Additionally, a structural analysis of the public transport system of a specific city is performed, assessing best fitting bus lines for the use of electric or hydrogen busses, which is supported by a brief acceptance evaluation of the local citizens. The TCO results for electric buses show a strong cost decrease until the year 2030, reaching 23.5% lower TCOs compared to the conventional diesel bus. The optimal electric bus charging system will be the opportunity (pantograph) charging infrastructure. However, the opportunity charging method is applicable under the assumption that several buses share the same station and there is a “hotspot” where as many as possible bus lines converge. In the case of electric buses for the year 2020, the parameter which influenced the most on the TCO was the battery cost, opposite to the year 2030 in where the bus body cost and fuel cost parameters are the ones that dominate the TCO, due to the learning rate of the batteries. For H2 buses, finding a hotspot is not crucial because they have a similar range to the diesel ones as well as a similar refueling time. H2 buses until 2030 still have 15.4% higher TCO than the diesel bus system. Considering the benefits of a hypothetical scaling-up effect of hydrogen infrastructures in the region, the hydrogen cost could drop to 5 €/kg. In this case, the overall TCO of the hydrogen solution would drop to a slightly lower TCO than the diesel solution in 2030. Therefore, hydrogen buses can be competitive in small to midsize cities, even with limited routes. For hydrogen buses, the bus body and fuel cost make up a large part of the TCO. Reducing the fuel cost will be an important aspect to reduce the total TCO of the hydrogen bus.

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Transport Corridors in the Russian Integration Projects, the Case of the Eurasian Economic Union

MGIMO Review of International Relations ◽

10.24833/2071-8160-2015-1-40-161-169 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 161-169

Author(s):

O. A. Podberezkina

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Asia Pacific ◽

Easy Access ◽

Transport Project ◽

The Us ◽

The World ◽

International Transport ◽

Business Entities ◽

Regional Authorities

The article discusses the political importance of transport corridors in terms of the development of integration projects in the post-Soviet space. The world is witnessing the formation of a single market and transport and communication infrastructure, which intensifies competition among regional and world leaders, both states and non-state actors, such as businesses, markets over the routes of transporting goods. In the medium and long term the value of the control over the transport routes will increase due to the dynamics of economic development in the Asia-Pacific region. Competition for the development of projects of international transport corridors (ITC) between the leading countries in the region will increase, because the ITC entail the formation of a common political space, the reduction of tariff and customs barriers, which provides easy access to the markets of countries linked by ITCs and creates the preconditions for economic integration. The growing political importance of ITC is reflected in the fact that global leaders such as China, the US, the EU, are trying to create their own versions of international land transport corridors connecting Europe and Asia. China is trying to promote their transport project "Economic Belt Silk Road" European countries develop cooperation on ITC TRACECA with other countries of Eurasia. US also embody their interests through the implementation of the project by the ITC in Afghanistan. Transport corridors in Russia are seen as a way to integrate it into the global transportation system and logistics space. To do this, Russia needs to develop Eurasian transport corridors through its territory. As a result of the implementation of transport projects Russia will be able to ensure the transit of goods from China to Europe, which has a positive impact on the economic development of the regions through which they pass. Development of international transportation through Russia will unite many of the players on the world stage: integration associations, state, transnational corporations, business entities, regional authorities.

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Sustainable Transport in Riyadh: Potential Trip Coverage of the Proposed Public Transport Network

10.30573/ks--2021-dp17 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Abdelrahman Muhsen ◽

Abu Toasin Oakil

Keyword(s):

Transport System ◽

Public Transport ◽

Energy Demand ◽

Ghg Emissions ◽

High Energy ◽

Transport Sector ◽

Sustainable Transport ◽

Improve Energy Efficiency ◽

Public Transport System ◽

Potential Impact

The transport sector has always had high energy demand and is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and climate change. To improve energy efficiency and reduce GHG emissions, Riyadh is introducing an integrated public transport system. Per capita energy consumption is much lower for public transport than for private vehicles, such as cars and taxis. This study investigates the potential impact of Riyadh’s proposed public transport system on car and taxi trips.

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Analisis Rasio Efektivitas PAD Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Daerah Kota Jakarta periode 2015-2019

Moneter - Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan ◽

10.31294/moneter.v8i1.9423 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 39-43

Author(s):

Arya Putra Supriyadi ◽

Fandi Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Financial Performance ◽

Mixed Method ◽

City Government ◽

Regional Government ◽

Financial Report ◽

Regional Budget ◽

Income Ratio ◽

Data Source ◽

The City ◽

Method Approach

Abstract - Currently, every organization seeks to maintain performance in order to win the competition, and find out the progress of the organization can be seen by paying attention to financial performance, this study tries to examine and assess the financial performance of the Jakarta City Government for the 2015-2019 budget period by utilizing the results of the review of the Original Income ratio. Regions (PAD), as well as the effectiveness ratio of PAD in the report regarding the realization contained in the Regional Budget (APBD) of the Regional Government of the City of Jakarta. By utilizing a data source in the form of a Budget Realization Report for the 2015-2019 budget period which is based on the Regional Government Financial Report (LKPD) of the Jakarta City Government. This study uses a mixed-method approach technique, namely the researcher tries to analyze financial data to further attempt to describe the existing findings. From the research results, it is known that the calculation of the effectiveness ratio is by dividing the amount of realization of PAD compared to the target PAD set based on the real potential in the region, or in other words, the effectiveness ratio of PAD is obtained by making a comparison between real revenue in PAD to achieve PAD ). From data processing, it is known that the percentage of effectiveness of PAD in the City of Jakarta for the 2015-2019 budget year has reached an average level of achievement of 95.4% of the determined amount or it can be said that it has reached the category of effective criteria.

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Economic crisis and its influences on the interaction between land use and transport in Madrid Region

Libro de Actas CIT2016. XII Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte ◽

10.4995/cit2016.2016.3452 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Yang Wang

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Economic Crisis ◽

Transport System ◽

Travel Behavior ◽

Road Transport ◽

Regional Government ◽

The Road ◽

Statistical Institute ◽

Land Use System ◽

Close Relationship

The road transport system is closely linked to the land-use system. The road system connects territories at all spatial scale, on the other hand, passengers and freight travel behavior are strongly influenced both by land-use and the road transport system. Hence, research in the field of the interactions between land-use and the road transport system is still less, particular the influence of the economic crisis. This paper aims to find out if the statistical analysis of land use and mobility can help to answer the question of what happens during economic crisis on both land use and transport system, and unveiling key spatial relationships between them. The methodology for the analysis was developed accordingly with the data and resources available. First, an exploratory data analysis (EDA) is performed in order to identify the land use and mobility pattern during the last decade. This analysis focuses on six aspects, which are distribution of population and dwellings, employment and jobs, GDP, motorization and modal split. The second aspect consists on crossing the spatial patterns of the different aspects in order to find some explanatory relationships that indicate the presence of the key characteristics. The analysis is based on the case of Madrid Region. The land-use and transport data presented in this analysis are from 2004 to 2014, which are collected from the national statistical institute, the regional government database and two urban mobility surveys of Madrid. Through the exploration analysis, we find that there is close relationship between the land-use system and travel behavior in Madrid Region. With an increasing of new dwellings constructed in the outer periphery of Madrid Region, it leads longer trips distance and more travel cost particularly by car mode. Moreover, during the economic crisis, we also find the motorization level of Madrid keeps the same, as a result of the decreasing GDP and relatively decreasing household income.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.3452

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CHARACTERISTICS OF THE USE OF REGIONAL PROPERTY IN MODERN CONDITIONS

Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Economics and Law ◽

10.35634/2412-9593-2021-31-1-12-20 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 12-20

Author(s):

E.A. Kasatkina

Keyword(s):

Real Estate ◽

Property Management ◽

Regional Government ◽

The Road ◽

Road Map ◽

Udmurt Republic ◽

Business Entities ◽

Official Data ◽

Different Levels ◽

Property Complex

The article is devoted to the study of the directions of use of regional property in the Udmurt Republic. Optimization of the composition of the republican property complex and bringing it into line with the powers of the Udmurt Republic is one of the priority tasks of regional government bodies. The author identifies priority decisions on property management in the region in accordance with the State Program of the Udmurt Republic "State Property Management". The article presents data on the number of objects of the Udmurt Republic, in respect of which decisions on the creation, reorganization, liquidation were made, and a conclusion on the reduction of the number of such objects is formulated. Based on official data, the dynamics of changes in the number of business entities whose shares are owned by the Udmurt Republic is shown. Based on the comparison of the corresponding indicators, it was found that the number of business entities whose shares are owned by the Udmurt Republic significantly decreased during the period under review. During the analysis, the author revealed a persistent tendency to reduce the number of transferred objects between different levels of management. Using the data of the "Road Map", the article formulates problems in the implementation of the powers to involve real estate objects, including land plots, in economic turnover by the executive bodies of state power of the Udmurt Republic and local self-government bodies of the Udmurt Republic, defines measures for the rational use of real estate objects and land plots that are the property of the Udmurt Republic.

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Kajian Pengawasan Auditor Inspektorat Daerah Terhadap Efektifitas Pelaksanaan Tugas Dan Fungsi Aparatur Pada Perangkat Daerah

Gorontalo Management Research ◽

10.32662/gomares.v2i1.484 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Novrabella Clarashinta Pakasi

Keyword(s):

Early Stage ◽

Provincial Government ◽

Regional Government ◽

The Core ◽

The North ◽

North Sulawesi ◽

Regional Authorities ◽

Depth Interviews

Tulisan ini akan mengkaji tentang pengawasan auditor Inspektorat Daerah terhadap efektifitas pelaksanaan tugas dan fungsi aparatur pada Perangkat Daerah Pemerintah Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Inspektorat Daerah Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Inti dari tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengawasan auditor Inspektorat Daerah terhadap efektifitas pelaksanaan tugas dan fungsi aparatur pada Perangkat Daerah Pemerintah Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Teknik dan prosedur pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam kepada sejumlah informan berkaitan dengan pengawasan auditor terhadap efektifitas pelaksanaan tugas dan fungsi aparatur. Informan penelitian yaitu Auditor dan pengawas penyelenggaraan pemerintahan daerah (P2UPD) pada Inspektorat Daerah Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengawasan auditor inspektorat daerah terhadap efektifitas pelaksanaan tugas dan fungsi aparatur pada perangkat daerah Pemerintah Provinsi Sulawesi Utara sudah cukup maksimal. Inspektorat Daerah Provinsi Sulawesi Utara sudah mampu mendeteksi kelemahan-kelemahan pelaksanaan tugas dan fungsi aparatur pada perangkat daerah secara dini, sehingga perangkat daerah dapat memperbaiki kelemahan-kelemahan tersebut berdasarkan saran-saran dari Inspektorat Daerah. This paper will examine the supervision of Regional Inspectorate auditors on the effectiveness of the implementation of the duties and functions of apparatus in the Regional Apparatus of the North Sulawesi Provincial Government. This research was conducted at the Regional Inspectorate of North Sulawesi Province. The core of this paper aims to find out how the supervision of the Regional Inspectorate auditors will be effective in carrying out the duties and functions of the apparatus in the Regional Apparatus of the North Sulawesi Provincial Government. The techniques and procedures for collecting data through in-depth interviews with a number of informants related to the auditor's supervision of the effectiveness of the implementation of the duties and functions of the apparatus. The research informants were the Auditor and supervisor of regional government implementation (P2UPD) at the Regional Inspectorate of North Sulawesi Province. The results of this study indicate that the supervision of the regional inspectorate auditor on the effectiveness of the implementation of the duties and functions of the apparatus in the regional apparatus of the North Sulawesi Provincial Government is quite maximal. The North Sulawesi Provincial Inspectorate has been able to detect weaknesses in the implementation of tasks and functions of the apparatus in the regional apparatus at an early stage, so that regional authorities can correct these weaknesses based on suggestions from the Regional Inspectorate.

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Pembangunan Pertanian pada Era Otonomi Daerah: Kebijakan dan Implementasi

Forum penelitian Agro Ekonomi ◽

10.21082/fae.v30n1.2012.31-47 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 31

Author(s):

Henny Mayrowani

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Development ◽

Regional Government ◽

Government Officials ◽

Regional Autonomy ◽

Cost Center ◽

Long Time ◽

Agricultural Business ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

Regional Authorities ◽

Regional Governments

English Regional autonomy gives more authority to the regional governments, namely those regencies and municipalities, to take the initiative in designing and developing a locally specific policy. It includes in conducting agricultural development in each region. The regional authorities in policy implementation have both positive and the negative impacts on agricultural development. Most of the regional governments’ regulations are designed to improve regional government revenues. Most regional government officials think that agricultural development is costly, but it takes a long time to return the investment. This is why issues of importance of agriculture are less attractive to the regional policymakers, especially in supporting agricultural business and extension. The positive impacts of regional autonomy can be observed in some regional governments successfully develop regional agricultural policy but not supported through the regional regulations. Indonesian Kebijakan otonomi daerah memberi kebebasan kepada daerah untuk mengambil inisiatif dalam mendesain dan mengembangkan kebijakan lokal secara spesifik. Kewenangan di bidang pertanian merupakan kewenangan yang dilimpahkan pada kabupaten/kota. Besarnya kewenangan dalam pelaksana kebijakan daerah memberikan dampak positif dan negatif terhadap pengembangan pertanian. Sebagian besar Perda dibuat dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan pendapatan Pemerintah Daerah. Pembangunan pertanian dianggap oleh sebagian birokrasi dan legislator lokal sebagai bidang yang cost-center yang membutuhkan investasi besar namun return-nya cukup lama. Hal ini yang menyebabkan mengapa isu pentingnya pembangunan pertanian kurang menarik perhatian bagi sebagian besar pembuat kebijakan daerah. Kecenderungan umum menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan pemerintah daerah kurang berpihak pada kegiatan yang terkait dengan pembangunan pertanian terutama dalam perbaikan iklim usaha dan penyuluhan. Hal ini merupakan dampak negatif kebijakan otonomi daerah terhadap sektor pertanian. Namun dampak positif dari kebijakan otda terlihat dari beberapa Pemerintah Daerah yang telah berhasil mengembangkan pertanian daerah dan mengimplementasikan beberapa kebijakan daerah yang tidak diterbitkan dalam Peraturan Daerah.

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Methodological bases and practice of risk management of regional development (part 2)

Herald of Omsk University. Series: Economics ◽

10.24147/1812-3988.2020.18(3).109-122 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 109-122

Author(s):

Anna G. Breusova ◽

Anna A. Korableva

Keyword(s):

Risk Management ◽

Regional Development ◽

Business Processes ◽

Quantitative Characteristic ◽

Economic Security ◽

Regional Government ◽

Management Tools ◽

Graphic Modeling ◽

Sectoral Development ◽

Regional Authorities

In the process of managing the development of territories, state (regional) authorities are faced with many risks in the social, economic, industrial, environmental, and other fields. In the transition from conceptual and methodological provisions in terms of risk management to practical actions, it is necessary to specify the scope and tools for monitoring risks and managerial impacts. Risk management is not an end in itself but is mediated by the strategic and tactical goals of regional development and ensuring its economic security, taking into account current trends in territorial and sectoral development. In the first part of the article, there was paid attention to the conceptual apparatus, the study of theoretical elements and the practice of applying risk management in the Russian regions, which, as it turned out, does not have unified approaches to risk management. In the second part of the article, there was put forward a hypothesis that the economic security of the region can be managed through risk management. Hence, the purpose of this article is to form the model for managing the region’s economic security based on risk management, where risk, as a probabilistic quantitative characteristic of the threat realization, is the key object of attention of the subject of management. The model is formed using the notation of graphic modeling of business processes IDEF0, which has established itself as a convenient and intuitive tool for displaying organizational and economic processes, their individual interrelated stages of implementation and the necessary tools. The model is filled with monitoring, analysis and risk management tools taking into account the tasks of economic security management. The relationship between the management of economic security of the region and risk management is formed at the levels of strategic and tactical planning with access to government programs as the main mechanisms for managing socio-economic development in the hands of the regional government.

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