scholarly journals Conceptual and methodological problems of geopolitics as scientific discipline

Author(s):  
Myroslav Dnistryanskyy

Critical analysis of concepts and terminology of geopolitics was made. Paradigm of scientific analysis of global geopolitical processes was proved. The basic modern global political trends were represented. A regularity formation and change of civilizations-cultures were grounded. Significant relationships and dependencies in the geopolitical system in the world were defined. The regular character of the convergence of the territorial organization of political and ethnic areas of the modern world was exposed. Incorrect methodological approaches to the analysis of the geopolitical situation in Ukraine were allocated. Key words: geopolitics, objective geopolitical analysis, methodology of geopolitics, conceptual foundations of geopolitics, geopolitical trends.

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-16
Author(s):  
S. I. Kolbysheva ◽  

The article offers a new look at the artistic and aesthetic education system based on the anthropological platform, declared in the XXth century as a possible reference point in the development of humanitarian knowledge, humanities, humanities disciplines. Within the framework of philosophical anthropology, the conceptual foundations of artistic and aesthetic education, including basic scientific theories and methodological approaches, have been developed. The analysis of the theory of artistic perception and the theory of artistic creation highlights applied aspects aimed at understanding the operational mechanisms and stages of artistic communication as a whole, which includes, on the one hand, the position of the author of an artistic work in the context of his era, and the position of the recipient, whose intention largely determines the directions of artistic and aesthetic education. In this context, the recipient's practical comprehension of artistic image is of great importance, which allows to raise the level of artistic and aesthetic education to a fundamentally new level. Anthropocentric and synergetic methodological approaches, considered by the author in an anthropological way and based on the theories of artistic perception and artistic creativity, take into account multiple socio-cultural changes and the needs of the younger generation in the modern world.


2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-278
Author(s):  
Maria Lvovna Lagutina ◽  
Ekaterina Borisovna Mikhaylenko

This article is devoted to a review of the formation of the theoretical foundations of the modern generation of regionalism. In the article, the authors tried to provide an overview of the publications of foreign and Russian researchers on modern theories of regionalism, examined the evolution of theoretical approaches to the study of regionalism, and also tried to identify the main trends and niches in the development of regional studies abroad and in Russia. The current practice of regional development requires the development of new theoretical and methodological approaches to their study. There is a wide variety of different integration forms in modern world. There is an overlapping membership of a large number of states in various regional structures, and a supplement of formal interstate interactions at the regional level with expanding stable informal and private ties. Besides the formation of regional cooperation in various fields take place, and, finally, the intensification of direct relations between interstate unions of different regions and the creation of transcontinental blocks of cooperation. All of the above is a complex multi-level structure that is gradually developed in the evolution process of regionalism. The purpose of this article is to determine the theoretical foundations of the modern generation of regionalism, its problem field and the difficulties in its study. As a result, the authors came to the conclusion that modern regionalism is a multidimensional, eclectic approach to the study of various forms of regional ties, taking into account not only regional but also global contexts, the formation of the theoretical and conceptual foundations of which has not yet been completed.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
S Rabkin

Using the main elements of the institutional analysis methodology, the author considers the impact of geopolitical factors on Russia's economic security. Based on historical and economic analysis, it is concluded that the decisions of the Crimean (Yalta) and Potsdam (1945) conferences that defined the contours of the multipolar model of the modern world should be followed. As a counteraction to the geopolitical challenges to the economic security of the Russian Federation in a multipolar world, it is proposed to consider the issues of spatial development as an institutional basis for the formation of a future model of global security.


2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-37
Author(s):  
Zhibek Tajibayeva ◽  
◽  
Asyl Arenova ◽  

This article considers methodological approaches that can be rationally applied in the study of the problem of psychological and pedagogical adaptation of students-repatriates in the holistic pedagogical process of the University. Scientific researches of the problem of adaptation, including its theoretical bases are studied and analyzed. Kazakh, Russian and foreign scientists’ works were the theoretical and methodological basis for the provision of scientific analysis. Definitions of concepts repatriation, adaptation are given, types of adaptation are described in this article. An important stage of introducing a person to the values of higher education is admission to a higher educational institution, the development of fundamental scientific knowledge, professional basic concepts. In this regard, the problem of adaptation of repatriated students to the conditions of study at the University is of particular importance. The success of adaptation of repatriated students to study at the University is largely due to value orientations as a factor that ensures the effective organization of the educational process. The carried-out characteristic of the used approaches, principles and methods has shown their substantial aspect rather full analysis. And mastering the whole system of approaches, determines the ability to prepare an appropriate research methodology.


1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antony D. Kidman ◽  
Sarah Edelman

Psycho-oncology is a relatively new scientific discipline which combines the study of the biological and psychological aspects associated with cancer. Factors which have influenced the development of interest in this field are discussed. One area of investigation in psycho-oncology has focused on identifying a possible relationship between psychosocial factors and the etiology or progress of cancer. To date, the evidence for such a relationship is contradictory, and methodological problems abound. We are seeking to shed some further light on this area by conducting a carefully controlled psychological intervention study with metastatic breast cancer patients (in progress). A description of the trial and treatment program is provided.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Dmitriy A. Pashentsev ◽  

The article shows the methodological problems that face the history of state and law at the present stage of development of scientific rationality. As one of the possible answers to the challenges of new methodological approaches, it is proposed to use the historical and anthropological theory of law, which combines the best achievements of the German historical school of law with anthropocentrism as a direction of the post-classical sociological school of law. It is concluded that this theory is quite applicable for the reconstruction of legal life and identifying patterns of its historical dynamics.


2020 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 02011
Author(s):  
Alexander M. Pleshakov ◽  
Gennadiy S. Shkabin

The modern legal system of any state imposes high requirements to specialists in this field, primarily related to the use of large amounts of information in the work. In this regard, the scientific work of students, aimed at forming the need for research activities, becomes particularly relevant. One of its final stages is the preparation of a master’s thesis. Scientific and pedagogical experience of the authors allows stating that the majority of applicants face difficulties in choosing and justifying the topic of the research. The article considers methodological approaches to determining the boundaries and the volume of study of the material, its generalization, and formulation of the title of the thesis. The mechanisms of determination of social conditionality, elaboration, object, and subject of the forthcoming dissertation on criminal law are investigated. The objectives are to pro-vide the reader with an accessible mechanism for selecting the topic of scientific work, justifying its relevance, methodology, and setting goals and objectives. Results of work are expressed in the identification of methodological problems that arise in the course of writing the master’s thesis, as well as recommendations on the organization of the initial stage of the thesis preparation.


2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 78-87
Author(s):  
Maryna Yaremova

Humankind gives a new meaning to the importance of preserving the environment for future generations, which has intensified the issue of minimizing the consumption of fossil fuels. One of the ways to solve this problem lies in the plane of bioeconomic science, which is intended to promote the idea of production of food and non-food products based on renewable biological resources. It is necessary to substantiate the theoretical conceptualization of bioeconomic content in the historical dimension to provide the possibility to develop an original opinion on the matter. The purpose of the study is to consider the opinions of researchers and the divergence of their opinions on the development of a bioeconomic paradigm. The key tasks are to conduct a retrospective study of the features of scientific thoughts, substantiate the conceptual foundations of an inclusive European bioeconomy, which is described by modern thinking about the terminology of the bioeconomic direction, identify methodological approaches to the interpretation of bioeconomics in the context of sustainable development, develop an original interpretation of the content with a holistic view, where a biotechnological approach predominates, which is viewed through the lens of commercialization of biotechnological innovations and obtaining maximum profit from the sale of biotechnological products. Theoretical and methodological framework of the study includes general and special methods, including historical method (study of the genesis of the concept in chronological order), inductive and deductive methods (systematization and generalization of bioeconomic content), abstract-logical method (development of an original terminology), and graphic method (visualization of the results). The methodological platform for further research is to build models for the development of bioeconomic principles with the outline of mechanisms for their implementation


2020 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 143-156
Author(s):  
Valentyna Kyvliuk

The article is devoted to the explication of the methodological problems in the field of war and peace studies. The author tried to make a conceptual historical, and philosophical observation of the genesis of the understanding of war and peace. At the same time, the modern discourse is determined by the activity of recognized organizations and the high-impact journals. Using the methodology of discourse and institutional analysis, the author tries to define the key ‘edge’ points of the mentioned discourse. At the same time, the modern cases of war conflict demonstrated their hybrid nature. The case analysis of the Ukraine hybrid war and the other countries let the author represent the holistic logic for understanding the development of the methodology of war and peace studies research, understanding one’s multidisciplinary nature, etc. The Ukrainian case also involved the methodological approaches of the postcolonial (neo-colonial theory) for understanding the drivers and breaks of the war conflict, which could be heuristic for the development of future ideas in the field of non-conflict humanity development.


Author(s):  
Anči Leburić ◽  
Ivana Zalović-Troskot

The authors in the text affirm the feminist methodology as a way of specific research conceiving and as a newer special scientific discipline. Feminist approaches use various methods in their empiric researches, but, at this point, only the methods which the feminist approaches developed more intensively and which were used more often, have been discussed. It means that those were the methods which were more universally improved. Amongst methodological approaches and methods often used by feminists, feminist interviews are mentioned, feminist etnography, feminist poll, feminist experiment, feminist content analysis and feminist case study. Consequently, the authors tried to elaborate the possibilities of specification not only of feminist methods, but of feminist research either.In the end, they conclude that being released from the limits of traditional science, feminist approaches, in fact, identify and conceive their methodological approaches in researches. That way new feminist methodologies will prevent androcentric scientific manipulation. They will develop those methodological approaches and strategies within which maximal flexibility will be allowed. It is precisely this feminist approach which provides for multimethodological approach. After all, methodological heterogeneousness will provide for researching into the greater content scale, and achievement of wider research aims. Also, feminist research is transdisciplinary, therefore, besides sociological and cultural many other fields can be included, such as history, literary critique, philosophy, legal sciences etc. The authors conclude that there is no doubt that feminist methodology will broaden its limits of the former traditional (social and humanistic) researches, precisely by the diversity of methods and methodological approaches, and by persistence in their usage, development and methodological improvement.


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