CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION IN PRACTICE CONSTITUTION IN INDONESIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Dadang Suprijatna
Keyword(s):  
Constitutional Law ◽  
Constitutional Convention ◽  
Parliamentary System ◽  
The People ◽  
State Administration ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Constitutional System ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Over Time

ABSTRACT Conventions has the same legal force by law, because it is accepted and executed, even the convention can shift the written laws. Constitution change, one of them can be reached through the convention, because the constitution is open to be evaluated and refined over time through political mechanisms. To make changes and improvements in the constitution can be developed through amendments or changes as stipulated in Article 37 of the Constitution of 1945 can also be done through a constitutional convention. Convention by constitutional law experts recognized as one of the sources of constitutional law that can be used in the preparation of the implementation system of the Republic of Indonesia as the law states that sovereignty of the people. Almost all modern countries in the world beside it has the constitution (the written Constitution) in the practice of state administration also acknowledges the convention. There are convention in every constitutional system, especially in democracies. For Indonesia, the convention grew by or in accordance with the needs of the Indonesian state. Therefore it should be understood that the convention can not be"imported" form the constitutional system of other countries may be different principle and character with the state system of Indonesia. Parliamentary system that has been entrenched in the constitutional system in western countries, are certainly not in accordance with the constitutional system of Indonesia under the Act of 1945. Keywords: Convention, Constitutional, Indonesias Constitution 

Globalization and interconfessional communications

2001 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Serhii Viktorovych Svystunov
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The World ◽  
Target Set ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Rapid Appearance

In the 21st century, the world became a sign of globalization: global conflicts, global disasters, global economy, global Internet, etc. The Polish researcher Casimir Zhigulsky defines globalization as a kind of process, that is, the target set of characteristic changes that develop over time and occur in the modern world. These changes in general are reduced to mutual rapprochement, reduction of distances, the rapid appearance of a large number of different connections, contacts, exchanges, and to increase the dependence of society in almost all spheres of his life from what is happening in other, often very remote regions of the world.

DRESSES, FABRIC AND SPECIAL ITEMS AND VALUES OF THE OTTOMAN PADIŞAH AND BÜROKRATS (1670-1672)

ATLAS JOURNAL ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (40) ◽  
pp. 1740-1758
Author(s):  
Kayhan ATİK
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Dress Code ◽  
Arrival Date ◽  
Special Items ◽  
Research Article ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Cultural Structure ◽  
Over Time

The need for cover is a requirement in all parts of the world. More or less this need has been realized in almost every society. In addition, clothing is one of the basic needs of human beings. This basic need has become a pleasure over time, and the temporary innovation that has entered the life of society with the desire to dress completely or the need for change has turned into an excessive, common indulgence shown by the society for a certain period of time. When we evaluate clothing in terms of nations, it has gained very different meanings with the effect of the cultural structure of the society. Considering this situation in the context of civilizations, of course, we can say that it has presented a similar privilege. In short, every society has made its dress code suitable for its culture and civilization. As in the rest of the world, the robes, dresses, turbans and fabrics of the Ottoman sultans showed themselves clearly as an indicator of the position, wealth and status. Especially caftans, fabrics and patterns, each one is a masterpiece of art. Despite having a simple form according to researches, Ottoman caftans have a very magnificent appearance and beauty. The decorations made for these caftans, lining and moldings, fur ornaments, ornaments made with buttons are very perfect. These caftans have aroused the admiration of the whole world with their fabric, motif and splendor, and many researches have been done on these caftans, which have been exhibited and preserved in various local and foreign museums. The sultan's clothes in the Topkapı Palace Museum Sultan's Clothes Archive consist of approximately 2500 pieces. Most of these are hilat, robes and shalwars. In addition, although it is less, there are also children's (prince's) clothes, so there are no women's clothes. RESEARCH ARTICLE ATLAS Journal International Refereed Journal On Social Sciences e-ISSN:2619-936X Arrival Date : 19.03.2021 Published Date : 30.04.2021 2021, Vol:7, Issue:40 pp: 1740- 1758 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31568/atlas.676 ATLAS INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL ON SOCIAL SCIENCES Year: 2021 Vol:7 Issue: 40 1740 Here, 21 caftans belonging to Fatih Sultan Mehmet, 77 caftans belonging to Suleiman the Magnificent, 13 caftans belonging to I. Ahmet, II. 30 caftans belonging to Osman, IV. While it is known that there were 27 caftans belonging to Murat, the caftans belonging to six rulers before Fatih Sultan Mehmet were not mentioned by name. In this study, the money spent for the clothes of the sultan in the Archives of the Prime Ministry Ottoman Archives, Topkapı Palace Museum, the cocks and dresses that the sultan had to buy from the council; In dâbü's-sâ, we will focus on the kafân, sarık, other items and values that are deserved by the landlords, the palace-i Atiq aghas, the boys, the Treasury, the cellar, the lords of the Voyage rooms and the people in charge. Keywords: Ottoman, Sultan, Bureaucrat, Clothes, Fabric, Special Items.

O potrzebie wprowadzenia ustawy referendalnej do systemu prawnego w Polsce

2021 ◽  
Vol 1(162) ◽  
pp. 127-145
Author(s):  
Piotr Uziębło
Keyword(s):  
Constitutional Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Popular Vote ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Constitutional System

The problems raised in the doctrine of constitutional law related to the implementation of a decision taken in a referendum in matters of particular importance to the state, as well as the generally marginal use of the institution of popular vote in the constitutional prac-tice, give rise to reflection on the introduction of the institution of a referendum law into the Polish constitutional system. In this article the author considers the advantages and disadvantages of such a solution, analyzing at the same time contemporary normative regulations concerning such acts in other countries. The research leads to the conclusion that despite the risks involved, the refer-endum law should appear in the Polish constitutional system in the future, as it would not only give a chance for a more complete reflection of the will of the collective subject of sovereignty without the necessity of its decoding by the parliament, but it could also be an impulse for the development of the referendum practice in the Republic of Poland. However, it is important to introduce proce-dural barriers that will prevent depreciation of this institution.

scholarly journals Aspectos relevantes del intento de reforma constitucional en Italia en la cuestión de procedimiento legislativo y fuentes primarias = Aspetti rilevanti della tentata riforma constituzionale in Italia in tema di procedimiento legislativo en fonti primarie = Relevant aspects of the constitutional reform attemp in Italy in the matter of legislative procedure and primary sources

2017 ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Tommaso Pensabene Lionti
Keyword(s):  
Constitutional Law ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Constitutional Reform ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Legislative Process ◽  
Parliamentary System ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
Legislative Procedure ◽  
Constitutional System ◽  
The Many

<p>El 4 de diciembre de 2016 los italianos fueron llamados a participar, a través de la votación, en el <em>referéndum</em> concerniente una ley constitucional que (en caso de resultado positivo), habría modificado de manera radical el ordenamiento constitucional italiano. Entre las múltiples modificaciones que la reforma quería introducir, se enfocan lo significativos cambios que la misma habría producido en materia de procedimiento legislativo. En efecto, al final de la reforma, el sistema parlamentario italiano habría cambiado, transitando desde el llamado “bicameralismo paritario” hasta un sistema monocameral “asimétrico o diferenciado”. En consecuencia, habría cambiado el procedimiento legislativo, estructurándose en múltiples procedimientos, o variantes procedimentales, de los cuales se describe la disciplina, haciendo hincapié sobre algunos relevantes aspectos problemáticos. Se subraya, también, que la reforma, a través de la modificación del procedimiento legislativo, junto con la nueva disciplina constitucional de los decretos-leyes y de la nueva repartición de las competencias normativas entre el Estado y las Regiones, habría producido cambios importantes sobre las mismas características de las leyes y de los actos con fuerza de ley. En conclusión, se plantean las posibles razones, políticas y jurídicas, que han llevado al resultado negativo del <em>referendum</em> constitucional.</p><p>On December 4, 2016, Italians were called upon a <em>referendum</em> to approve a constitutional law that would (if successful) radically change the Italian constitutional system. Among the many changes that the reform intended to pursue, we are focusing on the significant changes it would bring in the legislative procedure. As a result of the reform, in fact, the Italian parliamentary system would be changed, passing from "bicameralism equal" to a "asymmetric or differentiated" monocameral system. Consequently, the legislative process would have changed, articulating into multiple procedures or procedural variants, of which the discipline is described, focusing on some relevant problematic profiles. It should also be noted that the reform, with the modification of the legislative procedure, together with the new constitutional discipline of the decree-law and the new division of normative competences between the State and the Regions, would have produced important changes in the features of laws and acts with force of law. Finally, we are questioning about the possible reasons, policies and legal issues, that have led to the negative outcome of the constitutional <em>referendum</em><em>.</em></p>

scholarly journals Legal Analysis of the Mass Corruption Phenomenon of Board Members and Criminal Liability

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
Jonasmer Simatupang
Keyword(s):  
Social Issues ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Economic Rights ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic

The Republic of Indonesia unitary state ia a legal state based on the constitution. In a country that adheres to democracy, the law become the supreme commander in a effort to eradicate criminal cases and included acts of corruption corruption crime in Indonesia is a social issues that has never been exhausted to be discussed, in the world of law, this has been included in  the category of extradionary crime because is not only harms the state, but the practice also violates the social and economic rights of the community a large so that eradication action must also be carried out with extradionary legal force. A pattern or phenomena of bulk corruption is recently revealed by the people’s deputy officials. Almost the world room of the representative of the people of good people at the local people until the center was ever searched and representative of the people were brought to committing corruption in a way of like a budget, received a bribe and so forth. The practice has occured in the area of North Sumatera and city Malang. Various of these cases made the reputation of the people’s institutions deterioting among the people. Through this writing by analizing and investigating more deeply technical and systematic practice of the board members in the distorting the budget.

The Constitutional Convention of Massachusetts

1921 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence B. Evans
Keyword(s):  
House Of Representatives ◽  
The State ◽  
Party Organization ◽  
Congressional District ◽  
Constitutional Convention ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Short Session ◽  
The City ◽  
First Session

The constitutional convention of Massachusetts which assembled in the city of Boston, June 6, 1917, and finally terminated its labors at a short session of two days in August, 1919, is the fourth body of this kind which the Old Bay State has had. The first convention was held in 1779 and 1780 in Cambridge and Boston, and formulated the constitution of 1780. This instrument, to which sixty-six amendments have been added, is the oldest written constitution now in force anywhere in the world. The second convention was held in 1820, and submitted a series of resolutions part of which were adopted and part rejected by the people. A third convention met in 1853 all of whose proposals were rejected. After an interval of sixty-four years, a fourth convention was called, which met in 1917 and again in 1918 and yet again in 1919. It submitted to the people twenty-two amendments and a revised draft of the constitution, all of which were accepted.The convention was composed of 320 delegates. Of these 16 were elected at large, 4 were elected by each congressional district, and the remaining 240 were elected from the districts created for the purpose of choosing members of the state house of representatives. They were elected without party designations, but before the election took place, the lines between the friends and the opponents of the initiative and referendum were rather sharply drawn, and this served practically all the purposes of party organization and designation. In fact, this question dominated the whole of the first session of the convention and overshadowed other questions which were probably of greater importance.

The Irish Race Conference, 1922, reconsidered

2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (127) ◽  
pp. 365-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Keown
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Family Reunion ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Irish People ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
The Republic ◽  
New Race ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
World Organisation

The Irish Race Conference met in Paris at the end of January 1922 to initiate a new world organisation that would link the people of Ireland with their cousins around the globe. The gathering of delegates attracted comment wherever the Irish had settled, and even the Belfast Telegraph noted its opening ceremonies. The South African Irish newspaper, The Republic, heralded the conference as a ‘family reunion on a world wide scale’, but, like many family gatherings, disagreement was to follow in its wake. The idea of a conference was first mooted in February 1921 by the Irish Republican Association of South Africa (I.R.A.S.A.), to support the efforts then being made to win international recognition for an independent Irish republic. However, the I.R.A.S.A. did not see its work stopping there, envisaging the creation of a worldwide organisation that would link the Irish overseas with their compatriots at home. Over the following months the idea was developed into plans for an Irish International that would pursue a programme of social, cultural and economic objectives in Ireland and abroad. As The Republic explained, It is not the Ireland of four millions that we are thinking of now, nor even merely the potential Ireland of ten or fifteen millions. We are thinking also of the Greater Ireland, the Magna Hibernia across the seas, the millions of Irish people throughout the world. Though these Irish are now citizens of their adopted lands, they must not be, and they are not, wholly lost to Ireland. They also are to share in the great destiny of their motherland.Just how such wide-ranging aims were to be realised would prove a matter of dissent among delegates when they assembled twelve months later in Paris. But in February 1921 the proposal inspired only enthusiasm and hope for the future.The idea of the conference was a product of the belief prevalent at the time that the Irish had ‘yet to give to the world the best which is in them’. The official programme for the new race organisation captured this sentiment, declaring the organisers’ belief that ‘Ireland has much to give to the world’. It was widely expected that this potential would be realised once the Irish were free to govern themselves. It is thus ironic that it was ultimately over the relationship between the new Irish government and the overseas Irish that the conference, and all its worthy ambitions, would founder.

scholarly journals ILMU MENDIDIK TEORETIS: BIJAK DALAM BERMEDIA SOSIAL

MOTORIC ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Bustomi Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Educational Science ◽  
Critical Attitude ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Key Terms ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Descriptive Method

Social media today is a medium that many access by almost all levels of society in Indonesia. This is because almost all levels of society can easily access social media. Ease in social media makes all the people of Indonesia easy to receive information from all over Indonesia and the world. Ease in accessing social media and the opening of information gates through social media encourages the birth of irresponsible elements by disseminating information that is inconsistent with the reality. The issue is growing rapidly among the people of Indonesia, it is given the lack of selective and critical attitude of the people of Indonesia in receiving information contained in social media. Negative impacts that may arise may arise related to selective and critical attitude in receiving information on social media is the diminution of national resilience values. The above issues become the basis of reference for authors in compiling this article. It uses the descriptive method of analysis by using an understanding that Prof. Driyakarna is theoretical educational science. It is expected to encourage Indonesian people to be more selective and critical of information spread across various social media. Key Terms: Social Media, Indonesian Society, Selective, Theoretical Educational Science

scholarly journals Covid-19 and Related Myths in Indian Community

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 645-651
Author(s):  
Rutika Nikhar
Keyword(s):  
Incomplete Information ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Indian Community ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Source Of Information

31ST December 2019, was the day the WHO came to know about the new corona virus after a cluster of pneumonia cases caused by the virus in Wuhan province of China. On March 11 2020 WHO declared COVID-19 as pandemic. Since then the world hasn’t remained the same. It has not only changed the medical community, but also the overall mind-sets and behaviour of people worldwide. What began as a Whatsapp forward, was soon analysed worldwide through various social platforms, media and publications. The novel corona virus SARS-CoV-2, has spread from Wuhan, China to almost ALL the continents and along with it spread the rumours and myths and misinformation regarding it. The virus killed tens of millions of people, and engraved fear in the minds of the hundreds of millions. The paranoia and panic led to people to form their own speculations and have their own conclusions. Not just the fear, but the incomplete information with respect to the virus and the disease in itself has caused confusion in not just common population but the medical fraternity as well. Months of research and studies on the virus and the disease has helped clear the myths surrounding it. But yet these myths still exist amongst the people receiving misinformation and rumours and among the ones who have no access to a legitimate source of information. So let’s bust some myths surrounding the virus that changed the world.

POLOŽAJ VLADE U USTAVNO-PRAVNOM SISTEMU REPUBLIKE SRBIJE

2021 ◽  
pp. 201-213
Author(s):  
Anika Kovačević ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Separation Of Powers ◽  
The State ◽  
Executive Power ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
State Administration ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Constitutional System ◽  
And Control ◽  
Relationship Of

The author analyzes the composition, affairs and tasks of the Government, as well as the Government's attitude towards the National Assembly, the President of the Republic and the state administration, in order to more precisely normative position the Government as the bearer of executive power in the constitutional system of Serbia. The Government of the Republic of Serbia, together with the state administration, represents an extremely complex, fundamentally important system for the functioning of the institutional, legal and political order of our country. Building a legitimate and efficient relationship of cooperation with these bodies, while respecting the competencies and control mechanisms of the Government provided by the Constitution and laws, is a necessary factor in further upgrading Serbia as a state governed by the rule of law, achieving the principle of separation of powers in Serbia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document