scholarly journals Effects of Short or Long-Term Exposure of Dithiopyr on Certaine Blood, Growth and Tissue Biochemical Parameters in Catfish (Clarias garipinus)

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal A. Attia ◽  
Ashraf A. El-Badawi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Secondary Response ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cultured Fish ◽  
Flight Reaction

In the current study the effects of acute or chronic exposure of dithiopyr herbicide (weed controllers) in Catfish (Clarias garipinus) was studied. LC50 was determined, and recorded as 460 μgl-1. Acute and chronic effects on certain blood, growth and tissue biochemical parameters were studied as a function of exposure time. Exposure of Clarias garipinus to acute or chronic toxicity of the herbicide resulted in significant increase in glucose, total cholesterol, creatinine, uric acid and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the herbicide-treated group, while aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) showed a fluctuating activities in both exposures. In contrast, there was significantly (P<0.01) lower values for liver and muscle glycogen in acute toxicity as compared with the control group. Also, in herbicide exposed fish a significant reduction in growth parameters was recorded. These alterations could be attributed to the changes in the metabolic pathways of the studied fish that meight be takes place as a secondary response in the fish to provide energy for the "fight-or-flight" reaction and to compensate the high energy demand. This study implies the importance of previous knowledge about the susceptibility of cultured fish species before using herbicides.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 3(2): 314-321 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v3i2.12686 

scholarly journals Tramadol Induced Adrenal Insufficiency: Histological, Immunohistochemical, Ultrastructural, and Biochemical Genetic Experimental Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shereen Abdelhakim Abdelaleem ◽  
Osama A. Hassan ◽  
Rasha F. Ahmed ◽  
Nagwa M. Zenhom ◽  
Rehab A. Rifaai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Insufficiency ◽  
Thioredoxin Reductase ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Narcotic Drug ◽  
Biochemical Genetic ◽  
Withdrawal Effects

Tramadol is a synthetic, centrally acting analgesic. It is the most consumed narcotic drug that is prescribed in the world. Tramadol abuse has dramatically increased in Egypt. Long term use of tramadol can induce endocrinopathy. So, the aim of this study was to analyze the adrenal insufficiency induced by long term use of tramadol in experimental animals and also to assess its withdrawal effects through histopathological and biochemical genetic study. Forty male albino rats were used in this study. The rats were divided into 4 groups (control group, tramadol-treated group, and withdrawal groups). Tramadol was given to albino rats at a dose of 80 mg/kg body weight for 3 months and after withdrawal periods (7–15 days) rats were sacrificed. Long term use of tramadol induced severe histopathological changes in adrenal glands. Tramadol decreased the levels of serum cortisol and DHEAS hormones. In addition, it increased the level of adrenal MDA and decreased the genetic expression of glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase in adrenal gland tissues. All these changes started to return to normal after withdrawal of tramadol. Thus, it was confirmed that long term use of tramadol can induce severe adrenal insufficiency.

scholarly journals Long-Term Testosterone Therapy Improves Cardiometabolic Function and Reduces Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Men with Hypogonadism

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 414-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulmaged M. Traish ◽  
Ahmad Haider ◽  
Karim Sultan Haider ◽  
Gheorghe Doros ◽  
Farid Saad
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Myocardial Infarctions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cv Disease ◽  
High Level ◽  
Changes Over Time

Objectives: In the absence of large, prospective, placebo-controlled studies of longer duration, substantial evidence regarding the safety and risk of testosterone (T) therapy (TTh) with regard to cardiovascular (CV) outcomes can only be gleaned from observational studies. To date, there are limited studies comparing the effects of long-term TTh in men with hypogonadism who were treated or remained untreated with T, for obvious reasons. We have established a registry to assess the long-term effectiveness and safety of T in men in a urological setting. Here, we sought to compare the effects of T on a host of parameters considered to contribute to CV risk in treated and untreated men with hypogonadism (control group). Patients and Methods: Observational, prospective, cumulative registry study in 656 men (age: 60.7 ± 7.2 years) with total T levels ≤12.1 nmol/L and symptoms of hypogonadism. In the treatment group, men (n = 360) received parenteral T undecanoate (TU) 1000 mg/12 weeks following an initial 6-week interval for up to 10 years. Men (n = 296) who had opted against TTh served as controls. Median follow-up in both groups was 7 years. Measurements were taken at least twice a year, and 8-year data were analyzed. Mean changes over time between the 2 groups were compared by means of a mixed-effects model for repeated measures, with a random effect for intercept and fixed effects for time, group, and their interaction. To account for baseline differences between the 2 groups, changes were adjusted for age, weight, waist circumference, fasting glucose, blood pressure, and lipids. Results: There were 2 deaths in the T-treated group, none was related to CV events. There were 21 deaths in the untreated (control) group, 19 of which were related to CV events. The incidence of death in 10 patient-years was 0.1145 in the control group (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.0746-0.1756; P < .000) and 0.0092 in the T-treated group (95% CI: 0.0023-0.0368; P < .000); the estimated difference between groups was 0.0804 (95% CI: 0.0189-0.3431; P < .001). The estimated reduction in mortality for the T-group was between 66% and 92%. There were also 30 nonfatal strokes and 26 nonfatal myocardial infarctions in the control group and none in the T-treated group. Conclusion: Long-term TU was well tolerated with excellent adherence suggesting a high level of patient satisfaction. Mortality related to CV disease was significantly reduced in the T-group.

The RPMI-1640 vitamin mixture promotes bovine blastocyst development in vitro and downregulates gene expression of TXNIP with epigenetic modification of associated histones

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ikeda ◽  
M. Sugimoto ◽  
S. Kume
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Preimplantation Embryos ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Blastocyst Development ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Vitamin Mixture

Diverse environmental conditions surrounding preimplantation embryos, including available nutrients, affect their metabolism and development in both short- and long-term manner. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is a possible marker for preimplantation stress that is implicated in in vitro fertilization- (IVF) induced long-term DOHaD effects. B vitamins, as participants in one-carbon metabolism, may affect preimplantation embryos by epigenetic alterations of metabolically and developmentally important genes. In vitro-produced bovine embryos were cultured with or without Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 vitamin mixture, containing B vitamins and B vitamin-like substances, from day 3 after IVF and we evaluated blastocyst development and TXNIP messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in the blastocysts by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The degree of trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) at TXNIP promoter was examined semi-quantitatively by chromatin immunoprecipitation polymerase chain reaction. Total H3K27me3 were also compared between the groups by Western blot analysis. The vitamin treatment significantly increased the rates of blastocyst development (P<0.05) and their hatching (P<0.001) from the zona pellucida by day 8. The mRNA expression of TXNIP was lower (P<0.01) in blastocysts in the vitamin-mixture-treated group concomitant with higher (P<0.05) level of H3K27me3 of its promoter compared with the control group. The total H3K27me3 in the vitamin-mixture-treated group was also higher (P<0.01) than that in the control group. The epigenetic control of genes related to important metabolic processes during the periconceptional period by nutritional conditions in utero and/or in vitro may have possible implication for the developmental programming during this period that may impact the welfare and production traits of farm animals.

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL COMPOSITION OF BLOOD AND BIOCHEMICAL PROCESSES IN THE ORGANISM OF FEMALE RATS F1 UNDER LONG-TERM EXPOSURE OF CITRIC ACID

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-188
Author(s):  
U. І. Теsarinska ◽  
R. S. Fedoruk ◽  
S. Ya. Маrtynyk ◽  
Т. V. Yurynec ◽  
V. А. Smuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Relative Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Morphological Composition

The paper considers the effect on rats of long-term feeding of an aqueous solution of citric acid (C6H12O6 x H2O, "chemically pure.") in the amount of 8 mg/l. The study was performed on 10 laboratory female rats F1 of the Wistar line, obtained from F0 females. Two groups were set up: control and experimental, 5 animals in each. Animals were under standard conditions with natural light regime day/night, aqueous solutions of citrate, water, and feed received ad libitum. Were determined the morphological composition and biochemical parameters of the blood of female F1 rats. The results of the study indicate the absence of an unfavorable effect of citric acid on red blood cells. Concerning white blood, there is a decrease in the number of leukocytes, which may be due to the development of an adaptive response of the body to citric acid or the inhibition of citric acid's immune response to long-term adaptive action. There is a significant increase in the relative content of eosinophils in females F1, which probably may be due to the action of citric acid. The analysis of the obtained results of blood biochemical parameters indicates a certain tendency to decrease, in terms of control, the content of serum iron, as well as its total and unsaturated Fe-binding capacity. Ferrum saturation of serum transferrin was present at the level of animals in the control group. Analysis of the study results indicates no changes in control in the activity of enzymes: Alkaline phosphatase ALT and AST, also have no statistically significant confirmation of differences in the control group. The level of urea was statistically not significantly higher in terms of control. Thus, long-term watering of citric acid to female rats in the generation F0 and F1 during their physiological and sexual gestation and pregnancy reveal un-favorable effects in female rats F1. However, there was distinguished the adaptive immune-biological response of the animals organism. The immunological response was supported by a decrease in the number of leukocytes and a significant increase in the relative content of eosinophils. The results of biochemical studies of serum indicate the absence of statistically significant differences in animals of the control group.

Effects of Curcuma Zedoaria (Shoti) on Growth Performance and Hemato-Biochemical Parameters in Broiler

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-301
Author(s):  
TM Rahsin Kabir ◽  
Nahid Nawrin Sultana ◽  
Tangila Ferdausi ◽  
Muhammad Rakibul Hasan ◽  
Nayamul Bashar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Collect Blood Sample ◽  
Growth Performances

The experiment was conducted on “Cobb-500” broiler chicks to study the effects of Curcumazedoaria (shoti) on growth performances and haemato-biochemical parameters. A total of twentybroilers chicks (16 days old) were randomly divided into five equal groups (n=4). Three groups ofbroilers fed shoti powder at the rate of 10%; 20%; 30% (w/w) with other ingredients for 22 days.Broilers chicks fed on maize-soybean were considered as positive control while non-protein controlwas regarded as negative control. The results showed that body weight of broilers fed 10% and 20%shoti meal grew very close to those of control (maize-soybean) group. After having completed thefeeding trial, the birds were sacrificed to collect blood sample for and biochemical analysis .Weightsof different organs and length of intestine were also measured. Results showed that decreaseddressed weight, weight of skin and liver were found in 30% shoti treated group compared to proteincontrol group. Intestinal weight was highest in 30% shoti treated group but length was similar to theprotein control group. Total erythrocytes count, hemoglobin content and PCV value were founddecreased in shoti treated group compared to protein control group but ESR value was highest in10% shoti treated group. Total cholesterol was found to be decreased in the birds fed on shoticompared to protein control and significantly higher than non-protein control group. Triglyceride valuedecreased in 10% shoti treated group compared to protein and non-protein control group. IncreasedHDL value was found in 10% shoti treated group compared to control groups and 20 % and 30 %shoti treated groups. Result of this experiment showed that body weight of birds significantly (p<0.05)increased in all shoti treated groups. Further investigations are necessary by using differentpercentages of shoti and other shoti type feed to determine the effects of this feed supplement onanimal’s physiology. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.7(2): 293-301,  August 2020

scholarly journals Endolymphatic irradiation in preparation for renal transplantation: a 26-year's follow-up

1998 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 1710-1714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Margarida Galvão ◽  
Zulma Fernandes Peixinho ◽  
Nelson Figueiredo Mendes ◽  
Luiz Estevão Ianhez ◽  
Emil Sabbaga
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Graft Loss ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Kidney Graft ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to analyze the long-term evolution of patients submitted to endolymphatic irradiation as a pre-transplant preparation. SETTING: Referral center of university hospital. DESIGN: Case-control study. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES: The study was designed to evaluate the incidence of rejection, kidney loss, leukopenia, infection, and graft survival in the group treated (group 1) prior to surgery, compared to a control group (group 2) composed of patients under identical clinical conditions (sex, age, type of donor, immunosuppressive therapy and time of transplant) that did not undergo treatment preparation. PATIENTS: Patients were selected from amongst transplantation candidates on a long-term waiting list, some with a high level of antibodies against panel. The control group was chosen from amongst recently transplanted patients. Patients in the treated group received lipoiodine containing 131I with specific activity ranging between 4 and 6 mCu/ml. RESULTS: A significant difference between the two groups was found with regard to the incidence of rejection crises (21.0% in group 1 and 73.6% in group 2; P= 0.003), and the maintenance dose of azathioprine (smaller in group 1; P< 0.01). As to kidney graft loss due to rejection, a tendency to significance could be identified (10.5% in group 1 and 42.1% in group 2; P= 0.063); however, the difference was not significant between the two groups in terms of reversibility of rejection episodes during the first 60 post-transplant days. CONCLUSIONS: The authors concluded that this method, besides being relatively innocuous (there was no compromising of either the thyroid gland or of gonad function and there was no increase in tumor incidence), has an extended immunosuppressive effect, and can be indicated for cadaveric renal allograft recipients, especially those showing high panel reactivity.

scholarly journals Long-Term Effects of Nilvadipine against Progression of the Central Visual Field Defect in Retinitis Pigmentosa: An Extended Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuru Nakazawa ◽  
Yukihiko Suzuki ◽  
Tadashi Ito ◽  
Tomomi Metoki ◽  
Takashi Kudo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Retinitis Pigmentosa ◽  
Visual Field Defect ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Central Visual Field ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Field Defect

Purpose. To assess the long-term effects of nilvadipine on the progression of central visual field defect in retinitis pigmentosa (RP).Methods. Patients with RP were randomly divided into a treated group receiving oral nilvadipine and a control group. Progression of RP was evaluated with MD slope and the average sensitivity of the central 2° (ΔCENT4).Results. The mean MD slopes were −0.55/−0.39 (right/left eyes,n=19) dB/year in the treated group and −1.37/−1.15 (right/left eyes,n=22) dB/year in the control group (P=0.016/0.050, resp.). In both eyes, however, no statistical difference was observed between the two groups for the ΔCENT4 values.Conclusion. Although we confirmed that nilvadipine significantly retarded the progression of the average of MD value defects in the central 10°, it was not specific for the central 2° of the visual field in RP.

Benefits of EEG-Neurofeedback on the Modulation of Impulsivity in a Sample of Cocaine and Heroin Long-Term Abstinent Inmates: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 1275-1298
Author(s):  
M. Corominas-Roso ◽  
I. Ibern ◽  
M. Capdevila ◽  
R. Ramon ◽  
C. Roncero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Clinical Improvement ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
Significant Clinical Improvement

The aim of this pilot study was to assess whether neurofeedback (NFB) can be useful in the treatment of impulsive behavior in long-term abstinent cocaine and heroin addicts. A single-blind sham-controlled NFB protocol was carried out to assess the effects of NFB on impulsivity in 20 (10 + 10) cocaine and heroin long-term abstinent addicts ( Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [4th ed., text rev.; DSM-IV-TR]). Psychotic and neurologic diseases were excluded. Participants underwent 40 NFB sessions based on the very slow cortical potential range. Inhibitory deficits were specifically addressed through right and left prefrontal training. Clinical improvement was measured with Likert-type scales, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, and the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory, and impulsivity was assessed using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale and the Continuous Performance Test. Although the results are preliminary due to the small sample size, the NFB-treated group showed a significant clinical improvement, including symptoms of anxiety and depression, with two differentiated time periods. No significant clinical improvement was found in the control group. A significant decrease in the post- versus pre-treatment measures of global impulsivity, nonplanning impulsivity, and error commission measures was found in the NFB-treated group; effect size ( dKorr) in the pre–post control design was moderate. No significant change was found in the control group. Despite the limitations of this study, the results suggest that NFB is better than placebo in improving impulsivity and clinical symptoms of anxiety and depression in long-term abstinent cocaine- and heroin-dependent individuals.

scholarly journals Efficacy of probiotics on growth performance and hemato-biochemical parameters in broiler

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-100
Author(s):  
Laila Anjuman Banu ◽  
Afrina Mustari ◽  
Nazim Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Commercial Feed ◽  
Collect Blood Sample ◽  
Growth Performances ◽  
Breast Weight

Cobb-500 broiler chicks were used to study the effects of probiotics on growth performances and haemato-biochemical parameters. A total of fifteen broiler chicks (16 days old) were randomly divided into three equal groups (n=5). Two groups of broilers were fed probiotics at the rate of 0.5 gm/kg and 1gm/kg respectively with commercial feed for 22 days. Chicks fed on only commercial feed were considered as control group. The results showed that broilers treated with probiotics grew faster compared to control group. After having completed the trial, the birds were sacrificed to collect blood sample for hematological and biochemical analysis. Dressed weight, weight of skin including feathers, leg weight, breast weight and liver weight were found higher in treated groups compared to control group. Total erythrocytes count and hemoglobin content were found increased in treated group compared to control group. ESR value was found decrease in treated groups compared to control group. Total cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL was significantly (P>0.01) lower in the treated groups compared to control group. The serum alkaline phosphatase significantly (P<0.01) increased in treated groups. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.6(1): 91-100, April 2019

The influence of doxazosin, an α1-adrenergic receptor antagonist on the urinary bladder contractility in pigs

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Markiewicz ◽  
A. Jasiecka ◽  
D. Barski ◽  
J. Janiuk ◽  
A. Bossowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Detrusor Smooth Muscle ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Term Administration

Abstract In the present study influence of doxazosin on the porcine urinary bladder contractility has been examined. Immature pigs were treated for 30 days with: a) doxazosin (n = 5) per os at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg b.w. or b) placebo (n = 5; control group). Thereafter, animals were sacrificed and urinary bladder strips from the trigone were suspended in organ baths. The tension of the smooth musce was measured before and after exposition to acetylocholine (ACh; 10-5 - 10-3 M), norepinephrine (NE; 10-9 - 10-7 M) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; 10-7 - 10-5 M). Both the ACh and 5-HT at the highest doses significantly increased the contractility in each group, but this response was weaker in doxazosin-treated animals. NE caused relaxation in both groups, but the effect was weaker in doxazosine-treated group. The results of our study have shown that long-term administration of doxazosin caused a desensitization of the detrusor smooth muscle for in vitro applied mediators of the autonomic nervous systems.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document