scholarly journals Rooftop Gardening as A Need for Sustainable Urban Farming: A case of Kathmandu, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-246
Author(s):  
Sandesh Thapa ◽  
Anjal Nainabasti ◽  
Sashila Acharya ◽  
Neha Rai ◽  
Rakshya Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
P Value ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Rooftop Farming ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Proper Training ◽  
Rooftop Garden ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
Stormwater Retention

Rooftop gardening is one of the present needs for urban settlement for solving food security problems and promoting sustainable agriculture. To highlight the present status of rooftop gardening in Kathmandu a key informant survey was conducted where 52 respondents were selected where the majority of the rooftop garden maintainers were females (52.8%). All of the respondents have a positive response regarding rooftop gardening and was significant with a year of farming in roofs (χ²= 45, df= 9, P-value=0.000) and the area covered by rooftop farms range from 5-13%. There was a significant monetary value of the soft benefit from rooftop garden as food production ($3456.86), air quality ($11-19), stormwater retention ($20609), and carbon sequestration ($6-7) benefits. However, the traditional method was employed to maintain rooftop gardens with planting materials such as plastic bags, pots, and styrofoam carats. Since constraints were recorded in the study area regarding rooftop farming establishment and also is continuing, thus, there should be proper training for the individuals interested in rooftop gardening which enables them to manage and continue their farms more efficiently. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(2): 241-246

Survey on people’s attitudes and constraints of rooftop gardening in Dhulikhel

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Sandesh Thapa ◽  
Rakshya Bhandari ◽  
Anjal Nainabasti
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Rooftop Farming ◽  
Security Problem ◽  
Developing Area ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
People’S Attitudes ◽  
Sampling Survey

Purpose The purpose of this study was to observe the people’s response regarding rooftop farming in one of the rapidly developing area of Kavrepalanchok district, Dhulikhel, as rooftop farming is aimed in solving food security problem in urban area by providing quality materials for nutritional requirements. Design/methodology/approach The research design of this study was random sampling survey with replacement techniques as respondents without concrete roof were not selected for the study. This study was aimed at recording the people’s response in one of the most accessible way, which would be easy for interpretation and analysis. Findings The major finding was that all of the respondents found rooftop farming beneficial but not all could practice it because of many constraints associated with rooftop farming. Most of them have fear of roof damage, so they are not adopting it. However, the respondents who are practicing rooftop farming find it difficult to manage because of lack of proper knowledge. Planting materials include plastic bags, crates, polythene and many other non-recyclable components. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research is the first ever conducted in their country. Surveys related to rooftop gardening have not been done in the authors’ country till date. This is one of the present needs to improve the urban farming status, thus survey on rooftop farming and solving its constraints is necessary.

Aging Small Scale Coconut Farmers  in Central Philippines -- Their Perspectives on Farming, Succession and Future Impact on the Local Ecology

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
ERNESTO GO YAP
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Philippine Government ◽  
Local Ecology

The goal of past administrations of the Philippine government was to enablethe country to be self-sustainable in food production. This paper takes intostudy the coconut farmers; the country being a prime producer and exporter ofcoconuts. Many past and recent studies have shown that the coconut industryhas often been beset with numerous problems and small scale coconut farmersare poor, with the causes ranging from lack of finance, technical assistance andsocio-cultural factors. This study further explored the perspectives of smallscale coconut farmers on the issues of aging and succession, obstacles andopportunities of farming, as well as the future impact on the local ecology. Thisstudy is conducted in the province of Negros Oriental, Municipality of Bacong, in Central Philippines. Qualitative methods were primarily used in the research, including a survey, key informant interviews, participant observation. Thestudy revealed that family members currently involved in coconut farming aredecreasing, and a significant number of families do not have members to succeedthe parent-farmers, preferring to go for non-farming jobs. Farms are expected to be neglected. Keywords - Small-scale coconut farmers, poverty, perspectives, succession, local ecology,descriptive design, succession, Philippines

scholarly journals MILK AGGRAVATES ASTHMA – THE TRUTH OR THE PERCEPTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1691-95
Author(s):  
Muhammad Khalid Azam Khan ◽  
Shazia Naz ◽  
Abdul Latif Khattak ◽  
Nauman Kashif ◽  
Syed Karamat Hussain Shah Bukhari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Response ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medicine Department ◽  
Milk Substitute ◽  
Dyspnea Score ◽  
Drinking Milk

Objective: To assess the notion that milk can cause or aggravate asthma and break this myth. Study Design: A cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Medicine department, Combined Military Hospital Lahore, from Jan 2019 to Dec2020. Methodology: A survey was conducted whereby known asthmatics were questioned about their opinion weather milk aggravates their asthma. Those who confirmed their positive response were exposed to milk and some liquid resembling milk, and their Lung functions were tested after each drink. The 42 patients who considered milk as the primary aggravator were called for the study for spirometry Results: A total of 600 people from the general population were surveyed. Two hundred and six (34.3%) of them were illiterate, 394 (65.6%) were educated from middle to graduates. In the first milk/milk encounter, the combined dyspnea scale showed increase of 50.3% and improvement of 0.008% in FEVI/FVC. In the second substitute/milk encounter, the dyspnea score showed an increase of 61.8% and an increase of 0.90% in FEVI/FVC. In the third milk/substitute encounter the dyspnea score showed a decrease of 22.9% and the FEVI/FVC decreases by 5.5%. In the 4th substitute/substitute encounter, dyspnea scores decreased by 8.4% while the pre and postencounter FEVI/ FVC scores were 2726 and 2711 with 0.55% decrease with insignificant p-value >0.05. Conclusion: Drinking milk or milk substitute has negligible effect on the spirometric parameters.

scholarly journals The Socioeconomic impacts of Eucalypt Plantations on Rural Livelihood in Western Gurage Watersheds, Central-south Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belay Zerga Seware ◽  
Bikila Warkineh Dullo ◽  
Demel Teketay Fanta ◽  
Muluneh Woldetsadik Abshare
Keyword(s):  
P Value ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Socioeconomic Impacts ◽  
Rural Landscapes ◽  
South Ethiopia ◽  
Eucalypt Plantation ◽  
Eucalypt Plantations ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Central South

Abstract Background Rural landscapes, particularly those close to human settlements and main roads throughout the highlands of Ethiopia, appear greener than the outfields because of eucalypt plantations. The most common factors for eucalypt plantations are two: fuel and construction demands and to generate income. Objective This study tried to investigate the socioeconomic impacts of eucalypt plantations in Western Gurage Watersheds located in Central-south Ethiopia. The specific objectives are: to evaluate the socioeconomic importance of eucalypt plantations on the livelihood of farm households, and to assess perceptions on impacts of eucalypt plantation and copping strategies. Methods Systematic and purposive sampling method was employed by selecting households with eucalypt woodlots from the list of each Woreda’s Kebeles. Close- and open- ended questionnaires were distributed to every fifth households that possessed eucalypt plantations. Three hundred eighty three questionnaires were distributed and collected from households found in three Woredas (districts) namely Cheha, Enemorna Ener, and Eza located in the Watersheds. To supplement the information critical observations, discussions with focus groups and interviews with key informant were employed. The survey data were analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative techniques. To describe data acquired from critical observations, focus group discussions and key informant interviews; critical and logical qualitative data analysis technique were used. Descriptive and dispersive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, variance, standard deviation, p- value and correlation were employed using SPSS Version 20. Results The result showed that eucalypt plantation dominated fuel wood and construction consumption and substituted further encroachment to natural forests. From multiple responses given, households prefer planting eucalypts to indigenous trees because it is fast growing (100%), profitable (100%), needs lesser labor (100%), needs lower capital (100%), can be used for multipurpose (100%), and coppice itself fatly (93%). They rated income gained from eucalypt as 2nd next to enset. Conclusions Households may continue planting the species particularly for fuel wood and construction need since substituting it by other alternative seems not feasible and challenging. To sustain the livelihood and environment; appropriate management like site selection and substitutions by horticultural and cash crops using micro irrigation schemes for market needs are recommended. Conducting in-depth participatory research and specific policy ratification and promulgation on eucalypt plantations will sustain its utilization and curb the drawbacks.

scholarly journals Factors Related to Reducing The Use of Plastic Bags in Kabupaten Bekasi

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 547-562
Author(s):  
Ernyasih Ernyasih ◽  
Isnie Nurajizah Wijayanti
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Plastic Bag ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Republic

The amount of waste in Indonesia in 2019 will reach 68 million tons and plastic waste is estimated to reach 9.52 million tons or 14 percent of the total existing waste. (Regional Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia, 2017). In 2018 the total amount of waste in Bekasi Regency reached 152.3 tons per year. The composition of waste from plastic sources ranks first in the type of non-organic waste with a percentage of 9% (Bekasi Regency Environmental Service, 2018). Many impacts are caused by plastic bags on the environment, human health, and marine life. This study was conducted to determine the factors associated with reducing the use of plastic bags in the Bekasi Regency. The study design used was cross-sectional with primary data distributed through a questionnaire. A sample of 319 people, the retrieval is done by simple random sampling technique. Data analysis used chi square test (α = 0.05). Variables related to reducing the use of plastic bags are knowledge (p-value = 0.009 and OR = 0.465) and attitude (p-value = 0.038 and OR = 0.587). While the variables that were not related to the reduction in the use of plastic bags were age (p-value = 0.509), gender (p-value = 0.065), education (p-value = 0.667) and salary (p-value = 0.359). Factors that influence the reduction in the use of plastic bags in the Bekasi Regency are knowledge and attitudes. It is hoped that there will be an increase in the application of plastic bag costs in government policies regarding the plastic bag diet so that the use of plastic bags in the community can be minimized.

scholarly journals PEMECAHAN MASALAH KOMPETISI MATEMATIKA BAGI GURU SEKOLAH DASAR TAHAP I

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
Rudi Santoso Yohanes ◽  
Ana Easti Rahayu Maya Sari
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Global Competition ◽  
Training Activity ◽  
Academic Fields ◽  
Proper Training ◽  
Educational Paradigm ◽  
Self Learning

The rapid development of science and technology ushers people into the era of global competition in various fields of science, one of which is mathematics. The national mathematics competition at sd/mi level that has been pioneered in 2003 is one of the strategic containers to realize the educational paradigm. But even so, not all teachers are able to follow the wishes of science and technology. The current condition also requires teachers to be able to follow the development of science and technology in training and accompanying students in self-learning from their own homes. Before this condition teachers have also been subjected to demands to be able to train students to compete in academic fields such as mathematics. However, not all teachers are able to provide proper training to students as a form of preparation for them when they want to enter the competition. Math Competition Problem Solving Training activity is one form of activity that is expected to be a solution to the condition The training activity which was attended by 15 people consisting of 9 teachers, 1 lecturer, 1 civil servant, 1 housewife and 3 students received a positive response through questions and problem solving that had been given during the training, so it will be a consideration for the plan of implementation of similar activities next.   Abstrak: Pesatnya perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi mengantarkan manusia ke era kompetisi global di berbagai bidang ilmu salah satunya adalah matematika. Kompetisi matematika nasional tingkat SD/MI yang telah dirintis tahun 2003 merupakan salah satu wadah yang strategis untuk merealisasi paradigma pendidikan. Namun meskipun demikian belum semua guru mampu untuk mengikuti perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang ada. Kondisi sekarang ini pun menuntut guru untuk bisa mengikuti perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi dalam melatih dan mendampingi siswa dalam belajar mandiri dari rumah mereka masing-masing. Sebelum kondisi ini guru pun juga sudah mendapatkan tuntutan untuk dapat melatih siswa agar dapat berkompetisi dibidang akademik seperti matematika. Meskipun demikian belum semua guru mampu untuk memberikan latihan yang tepat kepada siswa sebagai bentuk persiapan bagi mereka ketika hendak mengikuti kompetisi. Kegiatan Pelatihan Pemecahan Masalah Kompetisi Matematika merupakan salah satu bentuk kegiatan yang diharapkan mampu menjadi solusi terhadap kondisi tersebut. Kegiatan Pelatihan yang diikuti oleh 15 orang ini yang terdiri atas 9 orang guru, 1 dosen, 1 pegawai negeri sipil, 1 ibu rumah tangga dan 3 mahasiswa ini mendapatkan respon yang positif melalui pertanyaan dan penyelesaian soal yang telah diberikan selama pelatihan sehingga akan menjadi pertimbangan untuk rencana pelaksanaan kegiatan serupa berikutnya.

scholarly journals Potential of Technosols Created with Urban By-Products for Rooftop Edible Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 3210
Author(s):  
Baptiste J-P. Grard ◽  
Nastaran Manouchehri ◽  
Christine Aubry ◽  
Nathalie Frascaria-Lacoste ◽  
Claire Chenu
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Edible Crops ◽  
Rooftop Farming ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Toxic Trace Metals ◽  
By Products

Urban agriculture is sprouting throughout the world nowadays. New forms of urban agriculture are observed such as rooftop farming. In the case of low-tech rooftop farming projects, based on recycled urban waste, one of the key issues is the type of substrate used, as it determines the functions and ecosystem services delivered by the green roof. Using a five year experimental trial, we quantified the food production potential of Technosols created only with urban wastes (green waste compost, crushed wood, spent mushroom), as well as the soil fertility and the potential contamination of food products. Regarding food production, our cropping system showed promising results across the five years, in relation with the high fertility of the Technosols. This fertility was maintained, as well as the nutrients stocks after five cropping years. Most of the edible crops had trace metals contents below existing norms for toxic trace metals with nevertheless a concern regarding certain some trace metals such as Zn and Cu. There was no trace metal accumulation in the Technosols over time except for Zn. This study confirmed that constructing Technosols only from urban wastes is a suitable and efficient solution to design rooftops for edible production.

scholarly journals Perbandingan Jumlah Total Bakteri pada Penggunaan Wadah Penyimpanan Air Susu Ibu (ASI) yang Berbeda

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Dwimei Ayudewandari Pranatami
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
P Value ◽  
Bacterial Colony ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Plastic Bag ◽  
Glass Bottles ◽  
The Government ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

At the beginning of its life, breast milk is the best food for babies because breast milk contains all the nutrients that can be used for optimal growth and development of the baby. Therefore, the government has promoted exclusive breastfeeding programs for infants 0-4 months or up to 6 months if possible. However, the current phenomenon especially among working mothers, there are regulatory difficulties in giving milk to children. Breast milk can still be given by a working mother the pumping method and stored first. To facilitate the storage of breast milk, three types of containers are widely used, namely plastic clips, plastic bottles, and glass bottles. In the period of storage, it must be ensured that breast milk can be maintained with good quality and integrity. This study aims to compare the total number of bacteria that can grow in breast milk after being stored in three different types of containers. The sampling technique used in this study is total sampling. The treatment in this study was by placing breast milk in three different containers, namely plastic bottles (A), glass bottles (B), and plastic bags for storing breast milk (C) stored at room temperature (16-26<sup>0</sup>C) with three replications. Breast milk is obtained from volunteers who have been predetermined and then accommodated in sterile containers. Statistical test results showed that the variation of the container did not affect the total bacterial colony with a p-value of 0.246 (P&gt; 0.05) with the highest number of bacteria in plastic bag storage with an average of 5.4x10<sup>3</sup> CFU/ml.

scholarly journals The Effect of Three Different Disinfectant Materials on Polyether Impressions by Spray Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-233
Author(s):  
Ehsan Ghasemi ◽  
Hamid Badrian ◽  
Nafiseh Hosseini ◽  
Navid Khalighinejad
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
P Value ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Spray Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types

ABSTRACT Background Dentists, dental equipments and dental laboratories are exposed to different types of pathogenic microorganisms. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of three different types of disinfectant agents: Sodium hypochlorite 0.525%, Epimax and Deconex, on polyether impressions after 5 and 10 minutes. Materials and methods In this in vitro experimental study, 66 circular samples of polyether impression material of 1 cm diameter and 2 mm thickness were contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC29213) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC27853) and Candida albicans fungus (PTCC5027). Except for control samples, all of them were disinfected with sodium hypochlorite 0.525, Deconex and Epimax by way of spraying. Afterward, they kept in plastic bags with humid rolled cotton for 5 and 10 minutes. In order to isolate bacteria, the samples were immersed in 2% trypsin for 1 hour and then the solution was diluted with normal salin in portion of 1, 1/2, and 1/4. The trypsin suspensions were transferred to culture plates and the number of colonies was counted after 24 and 48 hours for bacteria and after 72 hours for fungus. For data analysis Mann-Whitney statistical test was used (α = 0.05). Results Epimax and sodium hypochlorite thoroughly eliminated Candida albicans as time elapsed from 5 to 10 minutes; however, the other two microorganisms were not eliminated completely. Deconex was completely efficient for all microorganisms when immersion time was enhanced from 5 to 10 minutes. There was a significant difference between efficacy of Deconex-sodium hypochlorite and sodium hypochlorite-Epimax for Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 5-minute immersion (p-value:0/046) Moreover, Deconex and sodium hypochlorite were significantly different for Staphylococcus aureus (p-value:0/046) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 10-minute immersion (p < 0.05). Conclusion According to the results of this study, none of the three disinfection materials could eradicate three different kinds of microorganisms in 5 minutes, but in 10 minutes, Deconex could completely eradicate all microorganisms compared to other disinfection agents, which is a good indicator for high efficacy of this agent in disinfecting polyether impressions. How to cite this article Ghasemi E, Badrian H, Hosseini N, Khalighinejad N. The Effect of Three Different Disinfectant Materials on Polyether Impressions by Spray Method. World J Dent 2012;3(3):229-233.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document