scholarly journals Protective Effects of Embelin and Curcumin against Diethylnitrosamine / Phenobarbital induced Experimental Hepatocarcinogenesis in Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
MC Jagadeesh ◽  
M Sreepriya ◽  
Geetha Bali ◽  
D Manjulakumari
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Ldh Activity ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Carcinogenic Effects

The effects of administration of Curcumin and Embelin on the levels of certain trace elements and other elements of clinical significance, during experimental hepatocarcinogenesis induced by Diethylnitrosamine/ Phenobarbital (DENA/PB) was studied in Wistar strain male albino rats. The levels of calcium, potassium and sodium were determined in the serum of control and experimental groups of rats. Additionally, the levels of chromium, copper, magnesium, molybdenum and zinc were also determined in the serum, liver and kidney of these rats. Furthermore, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was also assayed in the serum of these rats. Results revealed both significant and non-significant alterations in the levels of few elements during DENA/PB-induced experimental hepatocarcinogenesis. A statistically significant increase in LDH activity was found in the serum during the cancerous condition. Pre- and co-treatment with Curcumin and Embelin was found to protect the liver against the carcinogenic effects of DENA/PB. This protection was i) due to their ability to prevent changes in the levels of elements studied and ii) by the statistically significant decrease in the activity of LDH  that increased in DENA/PB-treated rats and LDH activity in the rats given only Embelin and Curcumin indicating their non-toxic effect. Our present results demonstrate the ability of Embelin and Curcumin to protect against DENA/PB-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v5i1.5576 International Journal of Life Sciences Vol.5(1) 2011 51-56

scholarly journals In Vivo Enzymes Activities of Some Ru(II) Compounds with N-Alkylphenothiazines

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-508
Author(s):  
P. Milena Krstić ◽  
Z. Sunčica Borozan ◽  
P. Sofija Sovilj ◽  
R. Sanja Grgurić-Šipka ◽  
M. Jelena Oljarević
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Normal Activity ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Ldh Activity

Abstract The purpose of the present study was to investigate and compare the effects of two ruthenium complexes with trifluoperazine on acethylcholinesterase enzyme activity and lactate dehydrogenase levels in vivo under physiological conditions in rats blood. Complexes 1 and 2 showed positive effects on acethylcholinesterase at all doses and did not disturb its normal activity. Total LDH activity was inhibited in the presence of both complexes, but Ru(II) complexes showed different effects on the activity of LDH isoenzymes. The activities of LDH1 and LDH2 isoenzymes were decreased in all applied doses of the complex 2, while the activity of LDH2 reduced using complex 1 in the same doses. Results of the present study suggest the neuro- and cardio protective potential of oral administration of complexes 1 and 2, as non-toxic compounds under physiological conditions. These protective effects are the result of their potent antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals HEPATOPROTECTIVE AND NEPHROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF THE AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF TURMERIC (CURCUMA LONGA) IN RIFAMPICIN AND ISONIAZID-INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY AND NEPHROTOXICITY IN RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 293-298
Author(s):  
MAHDI M THUAWAINI ◽  
MAWAHIB B GASIM AL-FARHAAN ◽  
KARIMA F ABBAS
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Significant Elevation ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Kidney Functions

Objectives: The present study was designed to estimate the influences of oral administration of aqueous extract of turmeric (Curcuma longa) in hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity induced in rats by isoniazid and rifampicin (RIF) for 4 weeks. Influences were determined through the estimation of liver and kidney functions and histopathological changes. Materials and Methods: A total of 48 male albino rats were randomly divided into six groups: Normal control, INH+RIF treated rats, Turmeric aqueous extract 100 mg/kg treated rats, Turmeric aqueous extract 100 mg/kg + INH and RIF treated rats, Turmeric aqueous extract 200 mg/kg treated rats, Turmeric aqueous extract 200 mg/kg+ INH and RIF treated rats. Turmeric aqueous extract and INH + RIF (50 mg/kg bwpo, daily) were given for 4 weeks. Liver and kidney function markers (aspartate transaminase [AST], alanine transaminase [ALT], alanine phosphatase [ALP], bilirubin, blood urea, and creatinine) were determined enzymatically. In addition, tissues of liver and kidney were quickly separated and fixed in 10% formalin and subjected to histopathological studies. Statistical analysis was carried out using t-test. Results: The aqueous extract of turmeric (at a dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg bw, p.o. daily ) showed hepato- and reno-protective effects in hepato- and reno- toxicity induced by RIF and INH in rats. Significant elevation of serum ALT, AST, ALP, total bilirubin, creatinine, urea, and total protein, due to RIF and INH treatment, were significantly decreased. The histopathological study further confirmed the biochemical results. Conclusion: Results of the present study indicated that turmeric has hepatoprotective and renoprotective action against RIF- and INH-induced hepatic and renal injury in rats.

scholarly journals Antihyperlipidemic and Biochemical Activities of Mcy Protein in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 1326-1334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saritha Marella ◽  
Dilip Rajasekhar Maddirela ◽  
Kameswara Rao Badri ◽  
Malaka Venkateshwarulu Jyothi Kumar ◽  
Apparao Chippada
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Tissue Lipid ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Background: This study was aimed to evaluate the protective effects of a novel anti-hyperglycemic “Mcy protein” isolated from the fruits of Momordica cymbalaria in streptozotocin induced- diabetes rat model. Materials and Methods: Wild type and Streptozotocin induced diabetic male wistar albino rats were either treated with single intraperitoneal injection of 2.5 mg Mcy protein/kg body weight or acetate buffer daily for 30 days. Fasting blood glucose and, serum and tissue lipid levels were measured along with biochemical analysis for hepatic and renal function tests. Results: Mcy protein significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose and, serum as well as tissue lipid levels (p<0.05), besides normalizing the levels of liver and kidney function markers in the treated diabetic rats when compared to the diabetic controls. Our studies also showed the pancreatic islet regeneration in Mcy treated rats. Conclusion: Mcy protein can alleviate hyperlipidemia and help manage diabetes by stimulating insulin secretion without evident toxic effects on liver and kidney.

scholarly journals The protective role of propolis against multi heavy metals-induced oxidative stress-hepato-renal damage in the male of albino rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman Ahmed Bassiouny El-Amawy ◽  
Samir Attia Mohammed Zaahkouk ◽  
Hesham Gamal Abdel Rasheed ◽  
Bassem Elsayed Elaraby Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Propolis Extract ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Abstract The study was designed to clarify the hepato-renal protective effects of propolis extract against heavy metals-induced toxicity via oral administration to the males of albino rats. Lead (Pb), Nickel (Ni), Cadmium (Cd), and Antimony (Sb) are toxic heavy metals have the ability to produce reactive radicals in the biological systems causing public and animals health hazards through disrupting balances between pro-oxidant and antioxidant defense system, resulting in excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The most commonly affected organs are liver and kidney. Propolis is a natural product with different shapes and resinous substance collected by honey bees, it attenuates many diseases damage due to its anti-oxidative action and its potentiality to minimize the deleterious effects of free radicals on tissues. The concentrations of Pb, Cd, Ni and Sb as well as the activities of antioxidants endogenous enzymes including; glutathione peroxidase (Gpx), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were all determined in the tissues of liver and kidney; while aspartate transaminase (ASAT), alanine transaminase (ALAT), total protein (TP), urea and createnine, were measured in the serum of experimental rats beside histopathologicl examination in the tissues of liver and kidney. The oral administration of propolis provided a significantly therapeutic role against multi-metals-induced hepato-renal toxicity with relative improving to histopathological changes because of its scavenging and chelating properties as concluded from the present investigation.

scholarly journals Hepatorenal Effects of Diclofenac and Ciprofloxacin in Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-198
Author(s):  
Elkhatim H. Abdelgadir ◽  
Khalid O. Alzaidi ◽  
Mohamed E. Ramady ◽  
Sayed A. M. Amer
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Group A ◽  
High Doses

The toxic effect of diclofenac (DCF) sodium and Ciprofloxacin (CIP) on gene expression of cytochrome P450 oxidase (CYPs) and the histology of liver and kidney of male albino rat has been evaluated in this study. DCF and CIP were chosen since they are inhibitors for specific CYP enzymes. Thirty-five adult male albino rats were divided into 7 groups of 5 animals each (A, B, C, D, E, F and G) and were treated orally with drugs for 21 consecutive days. Group A served as the control while B and C were treated with 5.3, 10.6 mg/kg body weight (bw) DCF sodium and groups D and E were treated with 40 and 80 mg/kg bw CIP, respectively. Groups F and G were treated with a mixture of the low and the high doses of both drugs, respectively. Both drugs significantly downregulated the mRNA expression of CYP1a2, CYP3a4 and CYP2c9. They caused hepatorenal histological changes. In the liver, massive fibrosis, necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration with hemorrhages and hydrophilic degeneration have been observed. A massive tissue injury with glomerular and tubular damages due to sever necrosis, degeneration of concomitant inflammatory cells and blood vessels congestion have been shown in renal tissues. Although DCF and CIP are still used as therapeutic drugs, their use should be limited as their chronic administration induces a toxic effect on human health.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Pinus halepensis L. Essential Oil on Aspirin-induced Acute Liver and Kidney Damage in Female Wistar Albino Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 701-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafsia Bouzenna ◽  
Noura Samout ◽  
Etaya Amani ◽  
Sakhria Mbarki ◽  
Zied Tlili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Pinus Halepensis ◽  
Kidney Damage ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney Damage

scholarly journals Effect of combinations of four trace elements on cadmium bioaccumulation in a few tissues of male albino rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-69
Author(s):  
A. Usha Rani ◽  
D. Kumar Babu ◽  
J. Obaiah
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Cd Accumulation ◽  
Maximum Decrease ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Cadmium Bioaccumulation ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

The present study is designed to investigate the accumulation of cadmium (Cd) in selected tissues such as liver, kidney, testis and small intestine of male albino rats treated for Cd and after combined supplementation with Zinc (Zn) + Iron (Fe) and Selenium (Se) + Copper (Cu). The wistar albino rats were treated with cadmium chloride(CdCl2)at a dose of 1/10th LD50 i.e. 22.5 mg / kg body weight for 7, 15 and 30 days(d) time intervals. After 15 d to Cd treatment, the rats were then supplemented with the above combination of two trace elements and thenobserved for accumulation of Cd at specific time intervals. These trace elements at a dosage of 1 mg/ kg body weight of Se, 16mg/kg body weight of Cu, 12 mg / kg body weight of Zn and 40 mg / kg body weight of Fe were given as supplements. There was significant Cd accumulation in liver and kidney among the selected tissues before to supplementation and there was significant decrease in the Cd accumulation levels in all the tissues after trace element supplementation. Moreover the 30d Zn + Fe supplemented rat kidney showed maximum decrease in Cd accumulation (8.327μg/g wet wt. of the tissue).

The protective role of curcumin against toxic effect of nonylphenol on bone development

2021 ◽  
pp. 096032712110305
Author(s):  
P Alısan Suna ◽  
O Cengız ◽  
A Ceyhan ◽  
E Atay ◽  
T Ertekin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
The Sacrifice

Introduction: In the study, it was aimed to investigate the possible protective effects of curcumin, a potent antioxidant, against the toxic effect of nonylphenol on bone development. Methods: Thirty pregnant female Wistar albino rats were used. The rats were randomly divided into the following five groups; the control group, corn oil group (150 µl/kg/day), nonylphenol group (50 µl/kg/day), curcumin group (100 mg/kg/day) and curcumin + nonylphenol group (100 mg/kg/day + 50 µl/kg/day). The doses were given by gavage from the 5th day to the 20th day of gestation. The fetuses were removed out on the 20th day of pregnancy by cesarean at the end of the study. After the sacrifice of the animals, double skeletal staining in front extremity (clavicula, scapula, humerus, radius, ulna) and hind extremity (femur, tibia, fibula), additionally histological and immunohistochemical examinations in femur bone were performed. Results: The nonylphenol group offspring have the lowest weights of fetuses and placenta, head-to-hip lengths, biparietal and occipitofrontal length, and also, bone length percentage and percentage of the ossification area in all measurements of the front extremity and hind extremity Interestingly, the groups treated with curcumin showed close to the control group in terms of double skeletal staining, histological, and immunohistochemical examinations. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated an association between bone development and exposure to nonylphenol. The findings suggest that curcumin treatments may be effective in accelerating bone formation.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective and Reno-protective Effects of Artichoke Leaf Extract and Rosemary Extract against Paracetamol Induced Toxicity in Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 67-81
Author(s):  
Eman Aly Sadeek Fadlalla ◽  
Sahar Mousa Galal
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Rosemary Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Artichoke Leaf Extract

Background: Paracetamol overdose is a predominant cause of hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in both humans and experimental animals. There is an emerging focus on plant products to find a highly effective and reliable drug for the prevention of paracetamol –induced toxicity. Objective: In this study, we investigated the Hepatoprotective and Reno-protective Effects of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) Leaf extract and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) extract against paracetamol Induced toxicity in Albino Rats. Materials and Methods: Rats were divided into five groups: Negative control, paracetamol (1000 mg/kg dose) PCT, artichoke leaf extract “ALE” (1.5  g/kg, orally + paracetamol for 30 d), rosemary extract “RE” (125  mg/kg + paracetamol for 30 days) and the last group was treated with PCT+ ALE+ RE for 30 days. Results: Paracetamol caused marked liver damage as noted by significant increased activities of serum aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase and lactate dehydrogenase. Paracetamol also raised serum levels of urea, creatinine, and Cystatin-C. In addition, there was a significant decrease in serum total protein and albumin. Paracetamol caused an elevation in lipid peroxidation paralleled with significant decline in reduced glutathione (GSH) level and activities of glutathione-S- transferase (GST), glutathione (GPX) peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the liver and kidney. These results are confirmed in the histological examination of the liver and kidney. Conclusion: Treatment with artichoke leaf extract (ALE) and rosemary extract (RE) produced a potential protection of the liver and kidney against biochemical and histological alterations and oxidative stress induced by paracetamol.

scholarly journals Protective effects of prebiotic (resistant maltodextrin) and silymarin against toxicity of carbon tetrachloride in liver rat and kidney

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
M. G. A. EL. SAYED ◽  
ENAS. A. H. FARAG ◽  
HEBA. M. Nasr
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Vehicle Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Resistant Maltodextrin ◽  
Hepatic Injuries

Exposure to carbon tetrachloride induces acute and chronic hepatic injuries as well as renal injuries in rats. Therefore, the current study aimed to evaluate the protective role of prebiotic (digestion resistant maltodextrin) and silymarin against carbon tetrachloride -induced heptorenal toxicity in albino rats. Six groups with ten rats each were used for this purpose; these groups included the control vehicle group that received saline daily for 30 days, prebiotic group (1g/kg, orally) daily for 30 days; silymarin group (200 mg/kg orally) daily for 30 days; carbon tetrachloride group (2.5ml/kg intraperitoneally twice per week for three week; the prebiotic – carbon tetrachloride group; the silymarin – carbon tetrachloride group. The results revealed that carbon tetrachloride significantly increased serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin cholesterol, triglyceride, urea and creatinine. In addition, there were substantial increase in lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) and level of glucose with significant decreases in albumin, total protein, creatinine kinase, hemoglobin and red blood cells. Carbon tetrachloride also caused histological changes in liver and kidney tissues. However, administration of prebiotic and silymarin alone ameliorated the carbon tetrachloride induced liver and kidney damage with improved hematological, lipid profile and glucose level.  

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