scholarly journals Bacterial Diversity in Aquatic Ecosystems over the Central Himalayas, Nepal: Progress and Future Perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 200-211
Author(s):  
Namita Paudel Adhikari ◽  
Subash Adhikari ◽  
Ganesh Paudel
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystem ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Biogeochemical Cycles ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Central Himalayas ◽  
Lowland Lakes

Nepal hosts a large area of freshwater aquatic ecosystem including glacier associated system like glacier-fed streams and lakes as well as stream fed lowland lakes. Bacteriological studies are very important in aquatic ecosystems as bacteria are the major participants in biogeochemical cycles and food web structures. This study reviewed available literature in bacteriological studies of aquatic ecosystems in the Central Himalayas, Nepal and revealed that such studies are very limited. Thus, we conclude that future research works need to proceed through the latest molecular methods with high throughput technique using multiple environmental factors in the aquatic ecosystem.

Evaluation of Landfill Effects on Aquatic Ecosystems Using Benthic Macro-Invertebrates

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (9-11) ◽  
pp. 2365-2367
Author(s):  
L. Cingolani ◽  
A. Morosi
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Ecosystem ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Drainage Area ◽  
Taxonomic Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Downstream Communities

The aim of this work was to verify the effectiveness of benthic macro-invertebrate observation in providing information about the effects of a landfill on an aquatic ecosystem. A significant difference between upstream and downstream communities from landfill drainage area was found. The adopted taxonomic level was sufficient to reach our object.

scholarly journals Recent progress on the corrosion behavior of metallic materials in HF solution

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hailong Dai ◽  
Shouwen Shi ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
Can Guo ◽  
Xu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Fluoride Ion ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
Chemical Coupling ◽  
Corrosion Behaviors ◽  
Corrosion Mechanisms

Abstract Hydrofluoric acid (HF) or fluoride ion corrosion issues are often encountered in many fields, which have attracted extensive research due to its strong corrosiveness. In this paper, a critical review is presented based on recent progress on HF corrosion. In view of the discrepancy of fluoride ion compared with other ions, the special attack characteristics of fluoride ion are firstly discussed. Afterwards, the corrosion mechanisms of stainless steels, nickel-based alloys, and titanium alloys in HF solution or fluoride ion-containing environment are reviewed, and three typical corrosion behaviors are summarized, which are essentially weakening process of passivation of metallic materials. The effects of influencing factors (e.g. alloying elements, environmental factors, and stress, etc.) on HF corrosion are also discussed, which involve changes in passivation mechanism, the influence of HF attack mode and multiple damage mechanisms due to mechanical–chemical coupling. Finally, future research works on HF corrosion are proposed.

Ethnicity and Antipsychotic Response

1997 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 1360-1369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edyta J Frackiewicz ◽  
John J Sramek ◽  
John M Herrera ◽  
Neil M Kurtz ◽  
Neal R Cutler
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Prescribing Practices ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
And Control

OBJECTIVE: To review the data generated by studies examining interethnic/racial differences in response to antipsychotics. DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE search (1966-19%) identified all articles examining differences in antipsychotic response among Caucasians, Asians, Hispanics, and African-Americans, as well as articles evaluating postulated mechanisms for these differences. STUDY SELECTION: All abstracts, studies, and review articles were evaluated. DATA SYNTHESIS: Ethnic/racial differences in response to antipsychotic medications have been reported and may be due to genetics, kinetic variations, dietary or environmental factors, or variations in the prescribing practices of clinicians. Studies suggest that Asians may respond to lower doses of antipsychotics due to pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic differences. Research relevant to African-Americans is limited, but some studies suggest that differences in this group may be due to clinician biases and prescribing practices, rather than to pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic variability. CONCLUSIONS: Future research directed at validating the hypotheses that different ethnic/racial groups show variations in response to antipsychotics should focus on homogenous ethnic groups, use recent advances in pharmacogenetic testing, and control for such variables as observer bias, gender, disease chronicity, dietary and environmental factors, and exposure to enzyme-inducing and -inhibiting agents. Clinicians should be aware that potential interethnic/racial differences in pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics may exist that can alter response to antipsychotics.

scholarly journals Host Genetics and Gut Microbiome: Perspectives for Multiple Sclerosis

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1181
Author(s):  
Alessandro Maglione ◽  
Miriam Zuccalà ◽  
Martina Tosi ◽  
Marinella Clerico ◽  
Simona Rolla
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Host Genetics

As a complex disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS)’s etiology is determined by both genetic and environmental factors. In the last decade, the gut microbiome has emerged as an important environmental factor, but its interaction with host genetics is still unknown. In this review, we focus on these dual aspects of MS pathogenesis: we describe the current knowledge on genetic factors related to MS, based on genome-wide association studies, and then illustrate the interactions between the immune system, gut microbiome and central nervous system in MS, summarizing the evidence available from Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis mouse models and studies in patients. Finally, as the understanding of influence of host genetics on the gut microbiome composition in MS is in its infancy, we explore this issue based on the evidence currently available from other autoimmune diseases that share with MS the interplay of genetic with environmental factors (Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus), and discuss avenues for future research.

scholarly journals Prospects of Using High-Throughput Proteomics to Underpin the Discovery of Animal Host–Nematode Interactions

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 825
Author(s):  
Tao Wang ◽  
Robin Gasser
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Anthelmintic Resistance ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Host Parasite Interactions ◽  
Host Parasite

Parasitic nematodes impose a significant public health burden, and cause major economic losses to agriculture worldwide. Due to the widespread of anthelmintic resistance and lack of effective vaccines for most nematode species, there is an urgent need to discover novel therapeutic and vaccine targets, informed through an understanding of host–parasite interactions. Proteomics, underpinned by genomics, enables the global characterisation proteins expressed in a particular cell type, tissue and organism, and provides a key to insights at the host–parasite interface using advanced high-throughput mass spectrometry-based proteomic technologies. Here, we (i) review current mass-spectrometry-based proteomic methods, with an emphasis on a high-throughput ‘bottom-up’ approach; (ii) summarise recent progress in the proteomics of parasitic nematodes of animals, with a focus on molecules inferred to be involved in host–parasite interactions; and (iii) discuss future research directions that could enhance our knowledge and understanding of the molecular interplay between nematodes and host animals, in order to work toward new, improved methods for the treatment, diagnosis and control of nematodiases.

scholarly journals Environmental determinants of destination competitiveness and its Tourism Attractions-Basics-Context, A-B-C, indicators

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (50) ◽  
pp. 425-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalita A. Manrai ◽  
Ajay K. Manrai ◽  
Stefanie Friedeborn
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Environmental Determinants ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Destination Competitiveness ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Tourism Attractions ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of the literature and develop a model of the determinants, indicators and effects of destination competitiveness (DC), as well as several propositions. Design/methodology/approach This study thoroughly reviewed extant literature to develop a conceptual model and propositions. Findings Two key findings are listed below. First, 12 different environmental factors are identified and 12 propositions are developed linking these environmental factors to DC. Second, a new indicator of DC is developed, namely, Tourism Attractions-Basics-Context (TABC) model. The TABC model is simple and directly taps into the benefits tourists seek in a destination. Research limitations/implications Directions for future research are discussed in detail in the paper. Practical implications Managerial implications are discussed in detail in the paper. Originality/value The extant research on the topic of DC has been rather fragmented and incomplete in scope. The research presented in this paper addresses these limitations.

scholarly journals Sebaran Klorofil a, Nitrat, Fosfat dan Plankton Sebagai Indikator Kesuburan Ekosistem Mangrove Tugurejo Semarang

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Anik Prihatin ◽  
Prabang Setyono ◽  
Sunarto Sunarto
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Trophic Status ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Aquatic Biota ◽  
Phosphate Content ◽  
Trophic Index

ABSTRAKEkosistem mangrove merupakan suatu interaksi yang terjadi antara tanaman – tanaman mangrove dengan faktor lingkungan perairan mangrove sehingga dapat menyebabkan terjadinya kesuburan perairan dan sebagai tempat mencari makan alami bagi biota – biota perairan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sebaran klorofil-a, nitrat dan fosfat serta plankton pada ekosistem mangrove yang berguna untuk kelestarian hidup biota – biota perairan Mangrove. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan bulan Oktober – November 2017 di Mangrove Tapak Tugurejo Semarang. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan kandungan klorofil a rata – rata 0,165 mg/l, kandungan nitrat rata – rata 2,188 mg/l dan kandungan fosfat rata – rata 0,045 mg/l. Kelimpahan fitoplankton ditemukan sebanyak 23 spesies dan zooplankton ditemukan sebanyak 5 spesies. Berdasarkan status indeks trofik perairan Mangrove Tapak Tugurejo Semarang termasuk dalam kategori perairan mesotrofik, yakni unsur hara dan nutrien dalam perairan mangrove kurang tersedia banyak atau sedang dan belum tercemar. Kondisi kesuburan ekosistem mangrove terpantau cukup baik bila dibandingkan dengan kandungan – kandungan unsur hara, klorofil a dan plankton yang melimpah di perairan penelitian, sehingga memungkinkan banyak terdapat kehidupan biota – bioata perairan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah kandungan unsur hara (nitrat dan fosfat) dan klorofil a serta plankton diperairan mangrove sangat mempengaruhi kesuburan ekosistem perairan, serta plankton yang mendominasi tempat penelitian ialah dari kelas Baccilariophyceae sebanyak 21 spesies.Kata kunci: Status trofik, Plankton, Ekosistem Mangrove,  Mangrove Tapak Tugurejo Semarang.ABSTRACTMangrove ecosystem is an interaction that occurs between mangrove plants with environmental factors of mangrove waters that can cause the occurrence of water fertility and as a place of natural foraging for aquatic biota. The purpose of this research is to know the distribution of chlorophyll a, nitrate and phosphate and plankton in mangrove ecosystem which is useful for the preservation of biota life of Mangrove waters. This research was conducted in October - November 2017 at Tapak Mangrove Tugurejo Semarang. The results of this study obtained an average chlorophyll-1 content of 0.165 mg / l, an average nitrate content of 2.188 mg / l and an average phosphate content of 0.045 mg / l. Abundance of phytoplankton found as many as 23 species and zooplankton found as many as 5 species. Based on the trophic index status of Mangrove waters Tapak Tugurejo Semarang included in the category of mesotrophic waters, the nutrients and nutrients in the mangrove waters are less available or moderate and not contaminated. The condition of mangrove ecosystem fertility is observed quite well when compared with nutrient content, chlorophyll-a and plankton abundant in research waters, thus allowing many life biota - bioata waters. The conclusion of this research is the content of nutrients (nitrate and phosphate) and chlorophyll a and plankton in mangrove waters greatly affect the fertility of aquatic ecosystems, and the plankton that dominate the research site is from the Baccilariophyceae class of 21 species.Keywords : Trophic Status, Plankton, Mangrove Ecosystem, Mangrove Tapak Tugurejo SemarangCitation: Prihatin, A, Setyono, P dan Sunarto (2018). Sebaran Klorofil-a, Nitrat, Fosfat dan Plankton Sebagai Indikator Kesuburan Ekosistem di Mangrove Tapak Tugurejo Semarang. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 16(1), 68-77, doi:10.14710/jil.16.1.68-77

scholarly journals Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Psoriatic Arthritis — Update on Current Status and Future Perspectives: A Report from the GRAPPA 2010 Annual Meeting

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 408-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIKKEL ØSTERGAARD ◽  
RENÉ PANDURO POGGENBORG
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Annual Meeting ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Primary Driver ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

The potential of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for use in clinical practice and research has gained increasing interest over the last decade. International collaborative initiatives from GRAPPA (Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis) and/or OMERACT (Outcome Measures in Rheumatology) may contribute to facilitating research, identifying appropriate areas for use, and reaching consensus on the optimal examination technique. Accordingly, GRAPPA, a primary driver of international research in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), has focused on the current use and future development of MRI and other modern imaging modalities in PsA. This review, presented at the GRAPPA 2010 annual meeting, describes the current status of MRI in PsA, with a focus on its use in diagnosis, monitoring, and prediction of the disease course and treatment response. Important areas for future research are also outlined.

scholarly journals A review on thin films, conducting polymers as sensor devices

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.L. Veera Prabakaran ◽  
K Senthil Vadivu ◽  
B Mouli Prasanth
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Thin Film Technology ◽  
Thin Film Sensors ◽  
Sensor Devices

Abstract Thin film sensors are used to monitor environmental conditions by measuring the physical parameters. By using thin film technology, the sensors are capable of conducting precise measurements. Moreover, the measurements are stable and dependable. Furthermore, inexpensive sensor devices can be produced. In this paper, thin film technology for the design and fabrication of sensors that are used in various applications is reviewed. Further, the applications of thin film sensors in the fields of biomedical, energy harvesting, optical, and corrosion applications are also presented. From the review, the future research needs and future perspectives are identified and discussed.

scholarly journals The trends of uveal melanoma research in the past two decades and future perspectives.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Ali Elubous ◽  
Ali Daoud Alebous ◽  
Hebah Ali Abous ◽  
Rawan Ali Elubous
Keyword(s):  
Uveal Melanoma ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Genetic Mutations ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Molecular Alterations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Clinical Biomarkers

Abstract PURPOSE Evaluation of the research trends in uveal melanoma in the past two decades.METHODS Data were extracted from the Web of Science database website. VOSviewer and Citespace software were used to analyze the retrieved data. RESULTS The leading country in terms of output and international collaboration is the United States. Research interest in genetic mutations, molecular pathways, and immunotherapy was remarkable in recent years. Most of the top ten journals are specialized in ophthalmology. In recent years the hotspots include future perspectives, BAB1 mutation, therapeutic target, and systematic reviews. The keywords with the strongest citation bursts are immunotherapy, outcome, and in situ hybridization. CONCLUSION The output of uveal melanoma research increased during the past two decades. Future research foci may include exploring different mutations role, immunotherapy, molecular alterations, and finding ideal clinical biomarkers.

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