scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF 3D-PRINTING FILAMENT WITH EXTRUDER MELTING TEMPERATURE VARIATION FOR BONE IMPLANT FROM KUPANG SHELL

2022 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Ananda Maulidha Kusumastuti ◽  
Adik Roni Setiawan ◽  
Asalina Putri Agung Shaliha ◽  
Deden Eko Wiyono ◽  
Achmad Ferdiansyah Pradana Putra
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Melting Temperature ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Bone Implants ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Bone Damage ◽  
Mussel Shells

<p><em>The number of bone damage in Indonesia continues to increase. Bone implant is one of the medical treatment methods performed on bone damage. Organic and non-organic materials can be used as bone implants. Non-organic materials are stronger, but not biocompatible, while organic materials are biocompatible, but brittle. The addition of polycaprolactone polymer (PCL) can increase the mechanical strength of 3D printing bone implant filaments. Extruder melting temperature is one of the factors that affect the quality of PCL-HAp filaments for bone implants. Studies related to temperature variations in PCL-HAp materials have not been widely studied. Therefore, it is necessary to characterize 3D printing filaments with variations in the melting temperature of the extruder as bone implants from mussel shells with temperature variables of 65<sup>o</sup>C, 75<sup>o</sup>C, and 85<sup>o</sup>C. From this study, the optimum point was found at the melting extruder temperature of 75<sup>o</sup>C with the results of a diameter of 1.810 and mechanical strength which showed an increase in tensile strength and Young's modulus of PCL-HAp composite in all variables compared to pure PCL. The SEM test showed a rough surface on the filaments that could increase the proliferation and adhesion of good cells for the growth of bone tissue.</em></p>

scholarly journals Effect of Osteoporosis on Well-Integrated Bone Implants

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 723
Author(s):  
Amani M. Basudan ◽  
Marwa Y. Shaheen ◽  
Abdurahman A. Niazy ◽  
Jeroen J.J.P. van den Beucken ◽  
John A. Jansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Femoral Condyle ◽  
Bone Implants ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Bone Response ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Edentulous Patients

The installation of dental implants has become a common treatment for edentulous patients. However, concern exists about the influence of osteoporosis on the final implant success. This study evaluated whether an ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporotic condition, induced eight weeks postimplantation in a rat femoral condyle, influences the bone response to already-integrated implants. The implants were inserted in the femoral condyle of 16 female Wistar rats. Eight weeks postimplantation, rats were randomly ovariectomized (OVX) or sham-operated (SHAM). Fourteen weeks later, animals were sacrificed, and implants were used for histological and histomorphometric analyses. A significant reduction in the quantity and quality of trabecular bone around dental implants existed in OVX rats in comparison to the SHAM group. For histomorphometric analysis, the bone area (BA%) showed a significant difference between OVX (34.2 ± 4.3) and SHAM (52.6 ± 12.7) groups (p < 0.05). Bone–implant contact (BIC%) revealed significantly lower values for all implants in OVX (42.5 ± 20.4) versus SHAM (59.0 ± 19.0) rats. Therefore, induction of an osteoporotic condition eight weeks postimplantation in a rat model negatively affects the amount of bone present in close vicinity to bone implants.

Fabrication and Characterization of Bioactive Glass Reinforced CaSiO3 Ceramics

2007 ◽  
Vol 330-332 ◽  
pp. 181-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Li Lin ◽  
Si Yu Ni ◽  
Jiang Chang ◽  
Wan Yin Zhai ◽  
Wei Ming Gu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Pressureless Sintering ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Optimum Amount ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Osteoblast Adhesion ◽  
Fabrication And Characterization

fabricated by pressureless sintering process. The effect of BG on the sintering ability and mechanical strength of the ceramics, and the adhesion and proliferation of osteoblasts were investigated. The results showed that the optimum amount of BG was 20wt.% and the samples sintered at 1100oC for 5h revealed a bending strength of 172 MPa, which was approximately 2-times higher than that of the pure CaSiO3 ceramics. The cell experiments showed that BG reinforced CaSiO3 ceramics supported osteoblast adhesion and possessed higher proliferation than that of the pure CaSiO3 ceramics, which indicated excellent biocompatibility. Our results suggested that BG reinforced CaSiO3 ceramics could be potential candidates as bioactive bone implant materials.

scholarly journals Caracterización comparativa de biopolímeros de almidón extraídos de cereales mediante dos técnicas diferentes

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Marisa Rivera-Arredondo ◽  
Mario Alberto Rodríguez-Ángeles ◽  
Verónica de Jesús Morales-Félix ◽  
Mariana Gaytán-Ruelas
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Crystalline Region ◽  
Environmental Legislation ◽  
Ecological Awareness ◽  
Naoh Treatment

In the field of research and consequent elaboration of biopolymers it has been growing in the last decade, either due to the hardening of the environmental legislation of each country or due to ecological awareness, in any case the term biopolymer is quite broad, these being used as material premium in medicines, food supplements and of course in the production of bioplastics. Since the topic of interest is the comparative characterization of biopolymers using starch extracted from two different cereals, oats and rice, using the alkaline technique with NaOH treatment and the milling technique, assuming that the starch extracted from the Oryza sativa cereal presents chemical characteristics, geometric and mechanical superior in both techniques used unlike the polymers made with Avena sativa starch. These results suggest that the starch quality of each cereal is relevant for the production of biopolymers [1]. The commercially significant properties of starch, such as its mechanical strength and flexibility, depend on the strength and character of the crystalline region, which depends on the ratio of amylose and amylopectin.

scholarly journals New Hybrid Bioactive Composites for Bone Substitution

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Ślósarczyk ◽  
Joanna Czechowska ◽  
Ewelina Cichoń ◽  
Aneta Zima
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Bone Substitutes ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Implant Materials ◽  
Bioactive Composites

Recently, intensive efforts have been undertaken to find new, superior biomaterial solutions in the field of hybrid inorganic–organic materials. In our studies, biomicroconcretes containing hydroxyapatite (HAp)–chitosan (CTS) granules dispersed in an α tricalcium phospahate (αTCP) matrix were investigated. The influence of CTS content and the size of granules on the physicochemical properties of final bone implant materials (setting time, porosity, mechanical strength, and phase composition) were evaluated. The obtained materials were found to be promising bone substitutes for use in non-load bearing applications.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF 3D PRINTING MACHINE PARAMETERS IN EXTRUSION PROCESS OF BIOCOMPOSITE MATERIALS (PMMA AND HA) ON DIMENSIONAL ACCURACY

SINERGI ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Raeshifa Diani Almy ◽  
Alva Edy Tontowi
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Medical Procedures ◽  
Bone Implants ◽  
Dimensional Error ◽  
Complex Shapes ◽  
Printing Machine

Bone implants are medical procedures involving replacement or reconstruction of missing or damaged bones with the patient's ones, natural substitutes or artificial substitutes. The widely used bone cement is a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) based composite material. To improve bioactivity, PMMA is combined with hydroxyapatite (HA). The manual formation can make bone implants during surgery. However, the method requires a longer operation time and raises the possibility of a higher error. Therefore, 3D printing technology is used to improve the quality of bone implants. One of the machines that can be used is the 3D printing machine, the property of the Product Design and Development Laboratory of Universitas Gadjah Mada. This machine needs to be tested to determine the accuracy of the prints, which is one indicator of product quality. Several machine parameters can be set in this machine setting. This study aims to determine the effect of three parameters, those are perimeter speed or edge print speed (20-40 mm / s), infill speed or inner print speed (50 - 70 mm / s), and fill angle or inner slope of inner printing (45 - 90 ° C). Before printing complex shapes, the machine was tested in advance with a more straightforward specimen design, which is a specimen design of flexural strength test. Response surface experiment design is used to determine the effect of three parameters on the dimensional accuracy which is measured through dimensional error. The results show that these three factors have no significant impact on the dimensional error, but the resulting error is still high. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the design size before printing.

Mechanical Strength and Microstructural Characterization of SUS304 Brazed Joints with BNi-2 Filler Metal: Influence of Brazing Temperature and Time

2007 ◽  
Vol 124-126 ◽  
pp. 1673-1676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Won Lee ◽  
Jong Hoon Kim ◽  
Young Sik Song ◽  
Chang Sung Seok
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Intermetallic Compounds ◽  
Melting Temperature ◽  
Base Metal ◽  
Filler Metal ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Brazed Joints ◽  
General Material

The formation of intermetallic compounds in brazed joints between SUS304 and nickel-based filler metal is a major concern, since they considerably degrade the mechanical properties of joints. In this study, the SUS304, which is used widespread, as a general material was vacuum brazed with BNi-2 filler metal, and discussed to determine the influence of different brazing temperature and time on the strength of brazed joints. The results showed that, the mechanical properties of brazing layer could be stabilized through increasing the brazing temperature over 100° C more than melting temperature of filler metal, and increasing the brazing time over 120min. long, and diffusing enough the intermetallic compounds formed in the brazing layer to the base metal.

Physicochemical and bacteriological characterization of hospital effluents and their impact on the environment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Hospital Effluents ◽  
Biological Contaminants ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Direct Discharge ◽  
Significant Chemical

Liquid effluents discharged by hospitals may contain chemical and biological contaminants whose main source is the different substances used for the treatment of patients. This type of rejection can present a sanitary potentially dangerous risk for human health and can provoke a strong degradation of diverse environmental compartments mainly water and soils. The present study focuses on the quality of the liquid effluents of Hassani Abdelkader’s hospital of Sidi Bel-Abbes (West of Algeria). The results reveal a significant chemical pollution (COD: 879 mgO2/L, BOD5: 850 mgO2/L, NH4+ : 47.9 mg/l, NO2- : 4.2 mg/l, NO3- : 56.8 mg/l with respect to WHO standard of 90 mgO2/L, 30 mgO2/L, 0.5 mg/l, 1 mg/l and 1 mg/l respectively). However, these effluents are biodegradable since the ratio COD/BOD5 do not exceeded the value of 2 in almost all samples. The presence of pathogen germs is put into evidence such as pseudomonas, the clostridium, the staphylococcus, the fecal coliforms and fecal streptococcus. These results show that the direct discharge of these effluents constitutes a major threat to human health and the environment.

The basis of quality of sheep pelts and fur products is morphological features of the skin of sheep

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
I. Dmitrik ◽  
G. Zavgorodnyaya
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Breaking Load ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
High Density ◽  
Fat Cells ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
Weakened Zone

The morphological and histological features of the skin and wool cover of sheep as the basis for the quality of fur sheep pelts have been studied. The most important properties of sheep pelts (uniformity, thinness and density of wool) are provide the possibility of producing high-quality fur semi-finished products from them. However, the features of the histostructure of fine-wool sheep determine the low mechanical strength of the “facial” layer of skin. As a result, the “front” layer during processing often cracks to the upper border of the reticular layer or even peels off from the latter, making the sheep pelt unsuitable for use on fur products. These defects in fur practice are called “cracking” and “peeling” of the facial layer. They are mainly peculiar to sheep pelts of fine-wooled sheep. In these animals due to the high density and tone of the coat, the roots and hair follicles, root vaginas, secretory departments, excretory ducts of the glands and other structures occupy a significant share of the volume in the thickness of the Pilar layer (up to 25–30 %). The share of fibrous structures remains less volume, and these structures themselves are relatively weakly developed, located loosely and loosely intertwined with each other. The accumulations of fat cells that occur here also cannot be attributed to skin-strengthening elements. In fine-fleece sheep the pilar layer is on average 60 % of the thickness of the dermis. Therefore, more than half of its thickness is a weakened zone. The strength of the “front” layer is not the same in different fine-wool breeds of sheep and in different animals within the breed. For example, the average breaking load for cod of the “front” layer in Soviet Merino pelts is 1,25 kg, and in Precoce is 2,49 kg.

Application of Innovative Hydroxyapatite Materials in 3D Printing for Biocompatible Voice Implants

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 840-842
Author(s):  
Wojciech Musialik ◽  
Marcin Nabialek ◽  
Slawomir Letkiewicz ◽  
Andrei Victor Sandu ◽  
Katarzyna Bloch
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Colloidal Silver ◽  
Bone Implants ◽  
External Ring ◽  
Voice Prostheses ◽  
3D Printers ◽  
Silver Composite

The paper presents the possibility of using an innovative hydroxyapatite filament Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 for printing in 3D printers of bone implants and the possibility of using it during implantation with voice prostheses. The introduction of an additional colloidal silver composite in voice implants will contribute to the reduction of bacterial infections, fungal infections and granulomatous hyperplasia. The creation of a stable external ring of the vocal fistula will remove complications associated with it with enlargement of the fistula and leakiness of voice implants. The ability to print with a hydroxyapatite filament will allow digital pre-surgery modeling of bone implants suited to the needs of surgical procedures.

Biomimetic Design of 3D Printed Tissue-engineered bone Constructs

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Shifeng Liu ◽  
Yunzhe Li ◽  
Peng Zhou ◽  
Qian ma
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Bionic Design ◽  
Material Interfaces ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Cell Printing ◽  
Biomimetic Scaffolds ◽  
3D Printed

Abstract:: Surgery to repair damaged tissue, which is caused by disease or trauma, is being carried out all the time, and a desirable treatment is compelling need to regenerate damaged tissues to further improve the quality of human health. Therefore, more and more research focus on exploring the most suitable bionic design to enrich available treatment methods. 3D-printing, as an advanced materials processing approach, holds promising potential to create prototypes with complex constructs that could reproduce primitive tissues and organs as much as possible or provide appropriate cell-material interfaces. In a sense, 3D printing promises to bridge between tissue engineering and bionic design, which can provide an unprecedented personalized recapitulation with biomimetic function under the precise control of the composition and spatial distribution of cells and biomaterials. This article describes recent progress in 3D bionic design and the potential application prospect of 3D printing regenerative medicine including 3D printing biomimetic scaffolds and 3D cell printing in tissue engineering.

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