scholarly journals THE METHODOLOGICAL BASIS OF DETERMINING THE OPERATION CONDITION OF A ROAD FOR ITS TECHNICAL EXPERTISE

World Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3(55)) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Andrii Bubela
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Cost Estimate ◽  
Technical Expertise ◽  
Operation Condition ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Technical Examination

Carrying out a technical examination of a cost estimate of a section of a highway is based on its certain technical and functional state. Different methods are used to establish the operational state. The expert method is the simplest, most affordable and, with strict adherence to the technique, provides high reliability. The essence of this method is the subjective consideration of situations from which one or more optimal ones should be selected.

PARTICULAR QUALITIES OF CONSTRUCTION AND TECHNICAL EXPERTISE OF STRUCTURES AGRICULTURAL WAREHOUSE OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.O. Egorochkina ◽  
◽  
I.A. Serebryanaya ◽  
S. A. Jamaldinov ◽  
F.A. Bataeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Technical Expertise ◽  
Technical Documentation ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Building Load

The article describes the features of construction and technical expertise of structures of agricultural warehouse of mineral fertilizers. A draft program for visual and detailed instrumental inspection of building load-bearing structures has been developed. In accordance with the recommendations of the regulatory and technical documentation, measures have been developed to repair and restore the functional state of damaged structures.

scholarly journals PROCEDURE, RULES FOR OBTAINING AND PROCESSING DOCUMENTS IN CONSTRUCTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (159) ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
V. Cherkun ◽  
M. Leshchenko ◽  
A. Zyhun ◽  
Y. Avramenko
Keyword(s):  
General Information ◽  
The State ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Technical Expertise ◽  
Repair Work ◽  
Technical Examination ◽  
Construction Operation ◽  
Cost Of Construction ◽  
Constant Improvement ◽  
Design Construction

The resolution of many disputable situations that occur during the construction and operation of buildings and structures is carried out in court by the appointment of a forensic construction and technical expertise. As result of the activity of forensic examination, there is a need to study the design and estimate documentation, determine the types, scope, quality and cost of construction and repair work performed; establishing compliance of their characteristics with the requirements of special codes and rules governing the processes of design, construction, operation, reconstruction during repair, dismantling and disposal of buildings and structures. The objects of research of construction and technical examination are: buildings, structures, engineering and other equipment and documentation to it, in particular, technical passports, inventory; working projects and working documentation; specifications, explanatory notes to the project; conclusions of the state complex examination; local estimates; general information on resources; agreements or contracts; additional agreements; acts of performed contract works; certificates on performed contract works; reports on regulatory write-off of materials; acts of inspection of hidden works; calendar plans or network schedules; work logs; commissioning acts. Carrying out construction and technical expertise in this way there is own characteristics and requires constant improvement of methodology. The expert builder must have a thorough knowledge of the regulatory framework for such work and the procedure for maintaining appropriate documentation to determine the type of construction and repair work. The paper considers the main points of implementation of documents before construction, registration of documentation during construction and documents during the commissioning of the construction object, as well as which regulations provide requirements for their execution.

scholarly journals EXAMINATION OF FAILURES OF CONSTRUCTED WATER WELLS

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 40-50
Author(s):  
V. V. Bredikhin ◽  
A. A. Akulshin ◽  
K. I. Los
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Frequency Converter ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Technical Expertise ◽  
Frequency Converters ◽  
Technical Examination ◽  
Analysis Of Failures

The example of judicial construction and technical examination of the constructed water intake well in one of settlements is considered in this article. The analysis of failures occurred during the operation of the newly built water intake well was carried out. The point moments on the quality and timing of the work performed there are often disputable when putting objects into operation. If these questions cannot be resolved by mutual agreement of the parties, their decision is transferred to the courts, which appoint judicial construction and technical expertise. The type of judicial engineering and technical expertise, judicial construction and technical expertise plays an important and sometimes decisive role in legal proceedings, including the consideration of civil disputes in courts of General jurisdiction and arbitration courts. Judicial construction and technical expertise was appointed on the basis of the decision of the arbitration court for a new water intake well built in one of the settlements of the Kursk region. The reason for the appointment of the examination is that this well has ceased to provide the planned flow rate, and the produced water meet the quality requirements. Two main reasons led to the decline in the technological characteristics of the well and the deterioration of the quality of the produced water: the wrong choice of the pumping unit and the lack of a water tower on the network. The selected ECV 6-16-140 pump created excess pressure in the network, which was then reduced by the installed automation (frequency Converter), and accordingly the well flow rate decreased. The use of frequency converters is not always useful, but can even have a harmful effect on the operation of the water supply system. In addition to reducing the flow rate, the operation of the frequency Converter caused the combustion of several pumps operating in unacceptable modes. The work of the frequency Converter installed on the pump unit with overestimated characteristics led to the turbidity of the produced water, there was an uneven consumption of water from the well.

Modeling of fire dynamics when making judicial normative fire-technical expertise

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Ирек Равильевич Хасанов ◽  
Софья Федоровна Лобова ◽  
Наталья Вячеславовна Петрова ◽  
Татьяна Дмитриевна Теплякова
Keyword(s):  
Fire Safety ◽  
Technical Expertise ◽  
Fire Dynamics ◽  
Case File ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Field Modeling ◽  
Technical Examination ◽  
Design Values ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
The Impact

Проанализирована нормативная база, регламентирующая проведение расчетов по оценке параметров срабатывания автоматической установки пожарной сигнализации (АУПС), а также компьютерных программ моделирования динамики пожара и математических моделей, описывающих срабатывание пожарных извещателей. Сформулированы и структурированы вопросы нормативного характера, для решения которых необходимо применение компьютерного моделирования динамики пожара с учетом работы АУПС. Предложен алгоритм компьютерного моделирования пожара в ходе проведения пожарно-технической экспертизы с учетом возможных расчетных ошибок и получения неоднозначных результатов. It is often necessary to assess the parameters of fire development taking into account the influence of fire protection systems by making the regulatory fire-technical expertise. It may also be necessary to carry out an expert examination of the technical solutions adopted at the site for their compliance with fire safety requirements. These practical studies, in particular, are necessary to analyse the consequences of fire safety violations and establish causal links between violations of requirements and the consequences of fire, both past and theoretically possible. A modern way to estimate fire parameters is by field modeling. Field modeling of fire dynamics can be used to answer questions in two expert situations: after fire and before fire (in particular, within the framework of supervisory measures). When making fire-technical expertise on the fire occurred, the expert needs to restore the pre-fire situation and model the real fire dynamics taking into account the established fire information contained in the case file. In a situation before a fire, the expert needs to model a potentially possible fire under the most unfavourable conditions. In accordance with fire safety requirements, each object of protection must have a fire safety system aimed at preventing fire, ensuring the safety of people and property in case of fire. Compliance of design values and characteristics of the building or structure with safety requirements shall be justified by calculations or tests performed according to certified technique. On the basis of the analysis of the regulatory framework and the formulated groups of regulatory questions there have been developed the procedure of the expert‘s actions and the algorithm for simulating fire dynamics when answering questions related to automatic fire alarm. The impact of input data on the possibility of forming categorical or probabilistic outputs was evaluated. The proposed detailed algorithm of field simulation of fire dynamics during the regulatory fire-technical examination is drawn up taking into account possible calculated errors and obtaining ambiguous results.

scholarly journals THE IMPORTANCE OF THE DETERMINATION OF A JUDICIAL AUTOMOTIVE EQUIPMENT EXAMINATION FROM THE STANDPOINT OF PROCEDURAL CONTRADICTIONS AND THE PRACTICAL RESULT APPLICATION EFFICIENCY

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
Evgeniy A. Tarasov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Technical Expertise ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Practical Result ◽  
Automotive Engineering ◽  
The Road ◽  
Technical Examination ◽  
Special Knowledge

From the point of view of tasks and methodology judicial auto technical examination is considered as a means of obtaining reasonable information for objective consideration of circumstances of road accidents and offenses. The purpose of auto technical expertise as a variety or kind of engineering and transport expertise is to establish all the circumstances associated with an accident or a crime in which the car played the role of object, means, evidence, carrier traces. The criteria allowing to classify a specialist to the category of experts with special knowledge in the field of automotive engineering are presented. The types of forensic auto technical expertise are given. It is said that it is part of the competence of the expert-automotive. The competence of the automotive expert allows to conduct research and give conclusions on specific issues related to vehicles and the road situation in its dynamics, the consequences of accidents. The purpose of the article is to draw the attention of interested persons and organizations to the need to accurately determine the forensic automotive expertise and expert-automotive technician to eliminate a number of issues of a procedural and technical nature.

scholarly journals MODERN INSTITUTIONAL PROBLEMS OF FORENSIC LAND-TECHNICAL EXAMINATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 519-524
Author(s):  
M. Tretiak
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Management Process ◽  
Technical Expertise ◽  
Land Protection ◽  
Industry Standards ◽  
Land Relations ◽  
Technical Examination ◽  
Normative Basis ◽  
Land Code

It is proposed to develop principles for formulation taking into account that the recommended list of issues in forensic land-technical or land appraisal, specified in scientific and methodological recommendations is not exhaustive. The normative basis for the implementation of the investigated land technical examination is the entire sphere of land legislation, primarily the Land Code of Ukraine, state and industry standards, norms and rules in the field of land relations, land use and protection. In this regard, the difficulty of comparing the actual land management process in the course of the examination with certain legislative and regulatory acts is due to the lack of most standards in the field of land management, land Cadastre and land protection. The concept of “evidence” in the field of forensic land technical expertise is a legal construction that accumulates the main characteristics and requirements inherent in evidence as a system of interrelated elements (land management process documents, cadastral information, borders, area, cost).

scholarly journals The methodological support of qualification activities for classification, identification and fixation of cyber crimes

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-105
Author(s):  
B. LEONOV ◽  
V. SEREGIN
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Technical Expertise ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Special Software ◽  
Cyber Crimes

The article is devoted to the analysis of directions of improvement of methodical maintenance of expert researches of the software intended for obtaining covert access to the computer information. Within the limits of the article the topical questions of methodical support of measures on classification, identification and fixing of cybercrimes on the basis of the offered methodical approaches in the field of counteraction to cybercrime are investigated. The approach proposed in the article on the study of software involves the integrated application of various research methods, including methods of monitoring the activity of software and the implementation of appropriate types of expert tasks in computer technical expertise and area of expertise of special technical means of covert access to information. It is noted that one of the important areas of improving the methodological support for combating cybercrime is the introduction of methodological materials to ensure the conduct of expert research on special software designed for obtaining covert access to information. The article concludes that the proposed approaches can serve as a methodological basis for the development of methods, tools and identification technology, fixation of cybercrime in the field of combating cybercrime

scholarly journals Інтегральна оцінка функціонального стану організму дітей і підлітків залежно від біоритмологічного типу працездатності

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
M. S. Goncharenko ◽  
G. M. Timchenko
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Biological Clocks ◽  
Anthropogenic Stress ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
The Stability

The paper describes the scientific basis of a complex estimation of functional state of the children's organisms as a whole and their adaptive responses to living conditions (anthropogenic stress, social conditions of training) depending on age and biorhythmic type. The scheme of complex estimation for the children's adaptive capacities, including estimation of functional state and functional parameters, considers age and biorhytmological characteristics. That scheme is presented as a methodological basis of the research. The necessity of determination of children's functional state depending on their age and biorhythmic type to control circadian rhythms of physiological functions is proved. It indicates the stability of the endogenous biological clocks due to interactions of nervous, endocrine, lymphatic, cardiovascular, urogenital and digestive systems.

Theoretical basis of forensic expert investigation of accidental events on air transport

2021 ◽  
pp. 121-127
Author(s):  
A. Krupka ◽  
L. Duz ◽  
M. Kraliuk ◽  
Ya. Krupka ◽  
E. Yakovleva
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Coherent System ◽  
Structural Method ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Forensic Examination ◽  
Technical Examination ◽  
New Type

The purpose of the article is to study and develop theoretical and methodological principles of forensic aviation technical expertise, recommendations for the application of special knowledge in criminal, civil, commercial and administrative proceedings to prevent, detect, investigate and consider by investigators / courts crimes related to violations of regulations legal acts on traffic safety or operation of air transport, as well as improving its methodology, justification and formulation of recommendations for legal evaluation of results and increase the effectiveness of the use of forensic conclusions in the process of proof. The methodological basis of the study are the laws and categories of the theory of knowledge, in particular the provisions of materialist dialectics, which contributed to the understanding of the purpose and objectives, subject, object, research issues in the context of interdependence of achievements and needs of practice. At the same time, the methods of formal logic (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, analogy, abstraction) made it possible to understand in more detail the content of the studied questions, the essence of the studied categories and phenomena was clarified by the system-structural method. The Ministry of Justice of Ukraine has created a new type (subtype) of forensic examination: “Aviation Technical” and forensic specialty 10.25 “Investigation of aviation events and incidents”, so the article formulates the basic concepts of forensic aviation technical examination, namely: identifies the main issues, which are decided by forensic aviation technical examination; tasks, subject, object which give the chance to understand essence and the maintenance of expert activity of these researches; the tasks of a specific examination are distinguished from the tasks of other related types of examinations in this area. The process of researching air transport objects is quite complex, diverse and specific. The problems facing the investigation (court) determine the feasibility of creating and developing a theoretical basis for a new type (subtype) of forensic examination: “Aviation Technical” and forensic specialty 10.25 “Investigation of aviation events and incidents”. To solve the tasks and create a coherent system of expert research in air transport, it is necessary to conduct a set of research works to develop a methodological basis for this type (subspecies) of forensic examination.

Failure Analysis With the Scanning Electron Microscope

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 482-483
Author(s):  
John R. Devaney
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Failure Analysis ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Military Applications ◽  
Small Structure ◽  
Useful Life ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Scanning Electron

Occasionally in history, an event may occur which has a profound influence on a technology. Such an event occurred when the scanning electron microscope became commercially available to industry in the mid 60's. Semiconductors were being increasingly used in high-reliability space and military applications both because of their small volume but, also, because of their inherent reliability. However, they did fail, both early in life and sometimes in middle or old age. Why they failed and how to prevent failure or prolong “useful life” was a worry which resulted in a blossoming of sophisticated failure analysis laboratories across the country. By 1966, the ability to build small structure integrated circuits was forging well ahead of techniques available to dissect and analyze these same failures. The arrival of the scanning electron microscope gave these analysts a new insight into failure mechanisms.

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