scholarly journals Methodology and model of agricultural technologies environmental and economic management

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kravchuk ◽  
◽  
V. Targonya ◽  
T. Gaidai ◽  
S. Kukharets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Optimization ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Logical Model ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. The work is devoted to the problems of solving the double problem of agricultural engineering (according to the international definition): "Feed the world and save the planet" using the ability to manage the environmental, energy and economic components of agricultural technologies. It was confirmed that the management process sets the conditions: to plan (program), execute, evaluate and continuously act on the creation and improvement of creative agricultural technologies based on the laws of the historical development of the planet's nature (biosphere laws). Based on these principles, an abstract-logical model of the interconnection of the "environment-agricultural technologies" system, as well as the methodology for a systematic approach to climate-smart agricultural production practices, which will conserve natural resources, while increasing agricultural production, is proposed. Goal of Research. To Improve the model of the relationship between the environment, agricultural technologies and engineering solutions, as well as the methodology of environmental and economic management of agricultural technologies based on climate-smart agricultural practices, with the display of accurate regulation of all its constituent parts, processes and procedures. Research methods. Methods of planning (programming) agricultural technologies or products in accordance with ISO recommendations; agrometeorological parameters, including vegetation indices, achieved by mathematical processing of remote sensing data (RSD) and modeling these parameters, according to the European Union project MARS (MCYFS - MARS Crop Grow Forecasting System); crop growth modeling system CGMS were used. Research results. The developed model of the relationship "environment- agricultural technologies" and the methodology of ecological and economic management the agricultural technologies provides for the implementation of a hierarchical multi-circuit process of modern nature management on a geo-community basis, displaying the precise regulation of all components: forecasting systems; systems of environmental management and defragmentation of technical and technological solutions to the conditions of environmental and economic optimization. Conclusions. The ecological and economic problems at the present stage of development of society in the production of agricultural products are considered. Possible ways of their solution have been determined on the example of an abstract-logical model of the relationship between the environment, agricultural technologies and engineering solutions, as well as the methodology of ecological and economic management of agricultural technologies.

scholarly journals Return on sales and wheat yields per hectare of European agricultural entities

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 436-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyblova Eva ◽  
Skalicky Roman
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Mutual Relationship ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
Standard Output ◽  
Return On Sales ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Research Show

Performance of agricultural entities can be observed from several different perspectives: using macroeconomic indicators, the quantity of agricultural production units, or by measuring the profitability. The paper present focuses on the relationship between profitability, return on sales (ROS) and wheat yields per hectare in agricultural entities in member states of the European Union (EU), divided into size categories by quantity standard output (SO). Due to the high proportion of subsidies in agriculture, the ROS indicator was rated in two versions: including subsidies and excluding subsidies. The aim of the paper is to confirm or refute the mutual relationship between these indicators, i.e. wheat yields per hectare, return on sales, and the size of the farm. The comparison is performed by means of indicators of descriptive statistics and tests of mathematical statistics. The results of the research show that return on sales drops with the size of the farm, while yields per hectare grow.

scholarly journals «Cognitive land economy» as a way of accomplishment the objective laws of living and non-living nature and society

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
O. Kovaliv
Keyword(s):  
Land Reform ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Living Nature ◽  
Nature And Society ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Land Space

The structures of economic production and nature management in the modern backgrounds of the socio-economic system in Ukraine are becoming increasingly subject to the laws of land utilize (use) and its natural resources as natural objects for the benefit of the people. In the outlined conditions, taking into account the factors of external aggression and internal instability, it is necessary to improve the institutional component of the real economic and legal strengthening of Ukrainian statehood while accelerating socio-economic development on a qualitatively new evolutionary basis. The purpose of the study is scientific-theoretical and methodological comprehension of the author’s latest idea of «Cognitive Land Economy» and possible «accomplishment» of land reform, not just «completion» of what was not actually and what is contrivedly imposed on society, applying the current provisions of the Fundamental Law of Ukraine, gained practical experience and a systematic approach to solving the problem of the relationship in time between the «subject» of economic space management — human and the «object» of management — economic land space, by painless (for society) correction of mistakes made during the last quarter of a century. A Pyramid-model of the relationship between economic and social factors from the standpoint of a cognitive approach to study them in a fundamental and practical relationship. The author defined this attitude as system-creating to describe the holistic processes of relations in «cognitive economic systems», in particular, land, with the phenomenal property of self-compensation of complexity. The selection of structural, substantial and subjective properties, as well as the links between them allowed the author to establish that the economic land reality is a «cognitive system», which provides an opportunity to complete land reform based on the laws of living and non-living nature and society. Based on the above assumptions and general theoretical and informational ideas and concepts of «cognitive land economy», which operate in socio-economic systems of many levels as formal correlates of the «holistic effect» the author defines the basic systemic land economic principles for establishing the balance «source — form — content» and the coordination and uniformization of information in the economic land space of these as well as economic and legal, and economic management systems to carry out the rule of «common goals»

scholarly journals Examining the Relationship between Income Inequality and Growth from the Perspective of EU Member States’ Stage of Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5204
Author(s):  
Ionuț Jianu ◽  
Marin Dinu ◽  
Dragoș Huru ◽  
Alexandru Bodislav
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
European Union ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper, we examined the relationship between income inequality and economic growth from the perspective of each country’s level of development in the European Union, this linkage being reviewed using the median of GDP per capita expressed in the purchasing power standard to split the European Union Member States into two clusters of 14 countries each. Furthermore, we estimated the impact of income inequality on economic growth during the 2010–2018 period at the level of both clusters using the Estimated Generalized Least Squares with a fixed effects method, reinforced by the cross-section weights option. Our results show that income inequality is positively linked to economic growth in the case of developed EU Member States, while for developing EU countries, income inequality is detrimental to growth. This also demonstrates that income gaps may have positive and negative effects on growth depending on the stage of development, this providing important evidence for the need to promote an optimum level of income inequality.

The Relationship between the Development of Human Capital and the Agricultural Economy in Rural Areas

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
B.A. Voronin ◽  
◽  
I.P. Chupina ◽  
Ya.V. Voronina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Standard View ◽  
Household Factors ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
The Relationship

The article discusses a non-standard view of the formation of human capital for work in organizations of the agricultural sector of the economy, in the context of modern socio-economic transformations. In the classical sense, human capital for agriculture should be formed and developed in rural areas. But in real life, this is not always the case, because there are many factors that prevent the classical solution of this problem. First, the demographic factor affects, second, social and household factors, and third, in many rural areas there are no working agricultural organizations where qualified agricultural specialists can work. All these and other circumstances actualize the problem of the quality of human capital in rural areas in relation to the development of agricultural production.

Research and approaches to the integration processes in the European Union

2017 ◽  
pp. 126-133
Author(s):  
Alexander Motsyk
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Fourth Level ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Political Groups ◽  
Integration Levels

The article is devoted to the study of modern trends of integration processes. We studied the methodological principles and approaches to the study of the integration of subjects. Specifically analyzed integration levels: individual, regional, domestic, interstate, global. Also, isolated and characterized various forms of integration: political, economic, informational, cultural and others. We analyzed the integration process as a result of the relationship, cooperation, convergence and integration into a single unit of any parts, components countries, their economies, social and political structures, cultural, social and political groups, ethnic groups, political parties, movements and organizations. It is proved that integration has several levels of development. Interaction at the level of enterprises and organizations (first level) – directly to producers of goods and services. The integration of the economies of the main links of different countries is complemented by the interaction at the country level (the second level). The third level of development of integration processes – interaction at the level of parties and organizations, social groups and individuals from different countries – can be defined as a social and political one. Fourth level – is the level of the actual integration group as an economic community, with its characteristics and peculiarities. It was noted that today is used by political science approaches to the study of integration. It is important to the following principles: federalism, functionalism, communicative approach, and others. Keywords: Integration, levels, approaches, studies, European integration, politics, economics, features

Mechanisms of Green Development of Urban Agricultural Production in a Large Industrial City

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 823-829
Author(s):  
E. V. Malysh
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Short Supply ◽  
Industrial City ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Green Development

A city’s potential for food self-sufficiency is expected to increase through the distribution of innovative, high-tech, green agricultural practices of producing food in an urban environment, which can improve the city’s food security due to increased food accessibility in terms of quantity and quality. Aim. Based on the systematization of theoretical approaches and analysis of institutional aspects, the study aims to propose ways to strengthen the city’s food security by improving food supply in urban areas, increasing the socio-economic and environmental sustainability of urban food systems, and changing the diet of urban residents.Tasks. The authors propose methods for the development of urban agricultural production in a large industrial city based on the principles of green economy and outline the range of strategic urban activities aimed at implementing green agricultural production technologies associated with the formation and development of the culture of modern urban agricultural production.Methods. This study uses general scientific methods of cognition to examine the specificity of objectives of strengthening a city’s food security by improving the quality of food supply to the population. Methods of comparison, systems analysis, systematization of information, and the monographic method are also applied.Results. A strategic project for the development of urban agricultural systems through the implementation and green development of advanced urban agricultural technologies is described. Green development mechanisms will create conditions for the city’s self-sufficiency in terms of organic and safe products, functioning of short supply chains, and green urban agriculture.Conclusions. Managing the growth of urban agriculture will promote the use of highly effective, easily controlled, resource-efficient, eco-friendly, weather- and season-independent, multi-format urban agricultural technologies. The study describes actions aimed at creating conditions for stabilizing a city’s high-quality food self-sufficiency with allowance for the growing differentiation of citizen needs.

LEAD Farmer Based F2F Extension Mode l: Role of Krishi Vigyan Kendras and Technology Adoption Determinants for Enhancing Model’s Effectiveness

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
M S MEENA ◽  
R B KALE ◽  
S K SINGH ◽  
A K SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Farm Families ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Extension System ◽  
Index Value

A study was undertaken in collaboration with eight Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) and five Learning and Experience based Advisor (LEAD) farmers were selected by each KVK, employing socio-metric technique. Hence, data were solicited from 40 LEAD farmers from eight districts who were trained by KVKs. Role of KVKs were determined based on their Index Value (IV). Study reveals that KVKs played an important role in skill development of LEAD farmers through organisation of need based and skill-oriented trainings (IV=62) followed by front-line demonstrations on location specific agricultural technologies at farmers’ fields (IV=59.42), and developing linkages between LEAD and fellow farmers (IV=58.33). Key determinants accountable for enhancing effectiveness of this model were enhanced technology adoption (IV=60.13) followed by enhanced agricultural production (IV=57.48) and productivity (IV=57.10). Study reveals that one LEAD farmer adopted 5 agricultural technologies from KVKs. Further, fellow farmers adopted 2 agricultural technologies from LEAD farmers. Hence, it was concluded that this approach may play a significant role in complementing Indian public extension system through reducing cost and coverage of more farm families. This model needs community as well as government support for sustainability and its scalability.

New methodical approaches to mapping of geosystems (by the example of Baikalian Siberia’s geosystems)

2018 ◽  
Vol 937 (7) ◽  
pp. 23-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.N. Vladimirov
Keyword(s):  
Global Climate ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Structural Dynamic ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
North Asia ◽  
Elevation Model

The article considers a new approach to landscape mapping based on the synthesis of remote sensing data of high and medium spatial resolution, a digital elevation model, maps of various thematic contents, a set of global climate data, and materials of field research. The map of the Baikalian’s Siberia geosystems is based on the principles of the multistage regional-typological and structural-dynamic classification of geosystems proposed by Academician V.B. Sochava. The structure of the geosystems of the Baikalian Siberia is characterized by great complexity, both in the set of natural complexes and in the degree of their contrast. The regional classification range covers the geosystems inherent in different subcontinents of Asia and reflects their interpenetration, being a unique landscape-situational example of Siberian nature within North Asia. The map of the geosystems of the Baikalian Siberia reflects the main structural and dynamic diversity of geosystems in the region in the systems of their geographic and genetic spatial structures. These landscape cartographic studies fit into a single system of geographic forecasting and create a new fundamental scientific basis for developing recommendations for optimizing nature management in the Baikal region within the framework of implementing state environmental policy.

Application of geoinformation technologies for arranging a satellite monitoring system

2019 ◽  
Vol 943 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-118
Author(s):  
A.A. Kadochnikov
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Web Gis ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Satellite Monitoring ◽  
Technological Support ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Territorial Planning ◽  
Operational Information

Today, remote sensing data are an important source of operational information about the environment for thematic GIS, this data can be used for the development of water, forestry and agriculture management, in the ecology and nature management, with territorial planning, etc. To solve the problem of ensuring the effective use of the space activities’results in the Krasnoyarsk Territory a United Regional Remote Sensing Center was created. On the basis of the Center, a new satellite receiving complex of FRC KSC SB RAS was put into operation. It is currently receiving satellite data from TERRA, AQUA, Suomi NPP and FENG-YUN satellites. Within the framework in cooperation with the Siberian Regional Center for Remote Sensing the Earth, an archive of satellite data from domestic Resource-P and Meteor-M2 satellites was created. The work considers some features of softwaredevelopment and technological support tools for loading, processing and publishing remote sensing data. The product is created in the service-oriented paradigm based on geoportal technologies and interactive web-cartography. The focus in this article is paid to the peculiarities of implementing the software components of the web GIS, the efficient processing and presentation of geospatial data.

Population - an element of agricultural development in Serbia

Stanovnistvo ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 141-161
Author(s):  
Marina Todorovic ◽  
Gordana Vojkovic
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Theoretical Level ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Agricultural Producer ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The author begins by discussing the relationship between agriculture and population at a theoretical level, proceeds with a historical review of changes in the role and significance of an individual as agricultural producer, and finally, analyzes population as an element (potentials - limitations) of agricultural development in Serbia. The overall production results, and particularly the propensity to technical and technological innovation, as well as the ability to adapt to the changed conditions are, as we know well, crucially dependent on the structure of the working population. Hence, the author discusses regional differences in agricultural population by age, sex, level of education and productivity to provide a clear illustration of the impact of this element (indicator) on the population as the factor of agricultural production. The results show significant macroregional differences by this element with respect to the average for Serbia.

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