Health-promoting Vending Machines: Evaluation of a Pediatric Hospital Intervention

2013 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andraea van Hulst ◽  
Tracie A. Barnett ◽  
Véronique Déry ◽  
Geneviève Côté ◽  
Christine Colin
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Portion Size ◽  
Pediatric Hospital ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Telephone Surveys ◽  
Vending Machines ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Readiness To Adopt ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: Taking advantage of a natural experiment made possible by the placement of health-promoting vending machines (HPVMs), we evaluated the impact of the intervention on consumers’ attitudes toward and practices with vending machines in a pediatric hospital. Methods: Vending machines offering healthy snacks, meals, and beverages were developed to replace four vending machines offering the usual high-energy, low-nutrition fare. A pre- and post-intervention evaluation design was used; data were collected through exit surveys and six-week follow-up telephone surveys among potential vending machine users before (n=293) and after (n=226) placement of HPVMs. Chi-2 statistics were used to compare pre- and post-intervention participants’ responses. Results: More than 90% of pre- and post-intervention participants were satisfied with their purchase. Post-intervention participants were more likely to state that nutritional content and appropriateness of portion size were elements that influenced their purchase. Overall, post-intervention participants were more likely than pre-intervention participants to perceive as healthy the options offered by the hospital vending machines. Thirty-three percent of post-intervention participants recalled two or more sources of information integrated in the HPVM concept. No differences were found between pre- and postintervention participants’ readiness to adopt healthy diets. Conclusions: While the HPVM project had challenges as well as strengths, vending machines offering healthy snacks are feasible in hospital settings.

A coalition partnership of vision health through a health-promoting school program for primary school students in Taiwan

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Chun Chang ◽  
Jong-Long Guo ◽  
Li-Ling Liao ◽  
Hsiu-Ying Peng ◽  
Pei-Lin Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
School Children ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
School Program ◽  
School Students ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Health Promoting School ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
The Impact

Myopia, the most common refractive error, is the most common cause of avoidable visual impairment among children and has reached epidemic proportions among children and young adults in urban areas of East and Southeast Asia that contain populations of Chinese ancestry. Moreover, vision health is an important theme of the health-promoting school program issued by the Ministry of Education in Taiwan. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of pre- and post-intervention proposed by the health-promoting school (HPS) model. The objectives are to understand whether the HPS model influenced the vision screening results and the attitude, knowledge level, and vision care behavior of the students involved. A prospective cohort study design was used to evaluate a vision health program. Four elementary schools, local education authorities, and one university in northern Taiwan established a coalition partnership to design a six-month program to combat myopia among students. The target population was 6668 school children from local elementary schools. For the purpose of this study, the outcome of visual acuity testing (in logMAR) was analyzed with a sampling of 373 school children (aged 11–12 years old) who were chosen from high prevalence of poor vision classes. After the HPS program, the attitudes, behaviors, and knowledge levels of the school children regarding vision health were significantly improved. The pre-intervention mean logMAR of all participating students ( N = 373) was –.10, which increased to –.19 after the intervention. Analysis using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed that the logMAR value was significantly improved after the intervention ( t = 2.13, p < 0.05). Our findings highlight the relevance and effectiveness of the coalition’s efforts, which reinforces the usefulness of co-operatively implementing the HPS program.

scholarly journals Investigating the impact of the HSE Healthier Vending Policy on unit sales of snack items

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco McVey ◽  
Isobel Stanley ◽  
Agatha Lawless ◽  
Sarah O'Brien ◽  
Celine Murrin
Keyword(s):  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Nutrition Environment ◽  
Vending Machines ◽  
Total Unit ◽  
Dried Fruit ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

AbstractVending machines provide quick and easy access to snacks and, in general, provide few healthy options to consumers. Given this high availability of unhealthy foods in vending machines, consumers are likely to purchase and consume a less healthy option. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of a Healthier Vending policy in all Health Service Executive (HSE) premises across the Republic of Ireland on unit sales of vending machine snacks. Under the policy, the contents of vending machines were altered so that healthier, Better Choice (BC), snacks would constitute a majority of the vending machine stock (minimum 60%) in comparison to the less healthy, Other Choice (OC), snacks. Snacks were defined as BC if they contained: ≤ 150kcals/packet, ≤ 20g/100 g total fat, ≤ 5g/100 g saturated fat, ≤ 15g/100 g sugar, and ≤ 1.5g/100 g salt/sodium. Products stocked as OC should be ≤ 250kcals/packet. BC snacks were placed in prime slots and at eye-level in order to prompt the consumer towards buying a BC snack, with OC snacks being placed to incentivise the choice of BC snacks. Consumers were also incentivised to purchase BC snacks through written cues that appear on the vending machines. Sales data was provided by vending companies for 2015 (baseline) and 2016 (year 1). Unit sales of all snack types increased between the two time points, with the exception of dried fruit and nuts. The proportion of OC products purchased relative to total unit sales decreased following the intervention, as did the proportion of gum and mints and dried fruit and nuts sales. While the proportion of BC crisps purchased relative to total unit sales increased post-intervention, an increase in the proportion of OC bars purchased relative to total unit sales was also seen. Sales of both BC and OC dried fruit/nuts relative to total unit sales decreased. Our results indicate that policies aiming to improve the nutrition environment in health care settings, through increasing the availability of healthy products in vending machines and promoting their purchase, could be an effective method of reducing the amount of unhealthy products purchased overall. These policies can alter consumers’ purchasing patterns and prompt consumers towards purchasing a healthier/unhealthier version of the same product, as seen with crisps and bars in this study.

scholarly journals Second-year Outcomes of Implementing Antimicrobial Stewardship Program in a Tertiary Pediatric Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman Khorshidi-Malahmadi ◽  
Setareh Sima ◽  
Najmeh Ansari ◽  
Azadeh Moghaddas
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
T Test ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship Program ◽  
Pediatric Hospital ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Defined Daily Doses ◽  
Stewardship Program ◽  
The Impact

Background: The increasing use of antimicrobial agents and resistance is becoming a serious problem in pediatric patients. Hence, antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) is implemented to lessen the consequences. Objectives: This report aimed to demonstrate the impact of ASP on antimicrobials utilization in a referral and tertiary pediatric hospital in Isfahan, Iran. Methods: We launched an ASP for inpatients in March 2018 at the Imam Hussain Hospital, which is a 186-bed pediatrics hospital. Data was collected by ASP multidisciplinary team and using hospital records during February 2017-January 2018 (pre-intervention) and February 2019-January 2020 (post-intervention) periods. Consumption data were expressed as defined daily doses (DDDs) per 100 patient-days (PD). Independent sample t-test and paired t-test were used to assess the significance of differences. The rates of antimicrobials resistance for the most common hospital pathogens were also tracked. Results: Utilization of total antimicrobials decreased meaningfully by 12.41% (from 62.11 DDDs/100 PD in February 2017-January 2018 to 54.40 DDDs/100 PD in February 2019-January 2020; P = 0.024). The results showed that the reduction in non-restricted antimicrobials was less (5.43%) than restricted antimicrobials (27.6%). Conclusions: According to our results, the use of antimicrobials, especially the broad-spectrum ones, and the health burden costs significantly decreased after implementing ASP. Thus, continuous monitoring and educational programs are recommended to reduce the negative effects of using antimicrobials.

John Keats and Indian Medicine

Romanticism ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-166
Author(s):  
Nikki Hessell
Keyword(s):  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
John Keats ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Medical Studies ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Medical Practices ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Medical Imagery ◽  
Indian Medicine ◽  
The Impact

John Keats's medical studies at Guy's Hospital coincided with a boom in interest in both the traditional medicines of the sub-continent and the experiences of British doctors and patients in India. Despite extensive scholarship on the impact of Keats's medical knowledge on his poetry, little consideration has been given to Keats's exposure to Indian medicine. The poetry that followed his time at Guy's contains numerous references to the contemporary state of knowledge about India and its medical practices, both past and present. This essay focuses on Isabella and considers the major sources of information about Indian medicine in the Regency. It proposes that some of Keats's medical imagery might be read as a specific response to the debates about medicine in the sub-continent.

Pentecostalism and African diaspora : a case study of the Redeemed Christian Church of God (RCCG), in North America

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-92
Author(s):  
Rotimi Williams Omotoye
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Church Of God ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Church

Pentecostalism as a new wave of Christianity became more pronounced in 1970's and beyond in Nigeria. Since then scholars of Religion, History, Sociology and Political Science have shown keen interest in the study of the Churches known as Pentecostals because of the impact they have made on the society. The Redeemed Christian Church of God (RCCG) was established by Pastor Josiah Akindayomi in Lagos,Nigeria in 1952. After his demise, he was succeeded by Pastor Adeboye Adejare Enock. The problem of study of this research was an examination of the expansion of the Redeemed Christian Church of God to North America, Caribbean and Canada. The missionary activities of the church could be regarded as a reversed mission in the propagation of Christianity by Africans in the Diaspora. The methodology adopted was historical. The primary and secondary sources of information were also germane in the research. The findings of the research indicated that the Redeemed Christian Church of God was founded in North America by Immigrants from Nigeria. Pastor Adeboye Enock Adejare had much influence on the Church within and outside the country because of his charisma. The Church has become a place of refuge for many immigrants. They are also contributing to the economy of the United States of America. However, the members of the Church were faced with some challenges, such as security scrutiny by the security agencies. In conclusion, the RCCGNA was a denomination that had been accepted and embraced by Nigerians and African immigrants in the United States of America.

scholarly journals Shock interactions in inviscid air and $$\hbox {CO}_2$$–$$\hbox {N}_2$$ flows in thermochemical non-equilibrium

Shock Waves ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Garbacz ◽  
W. T. Maier ◽  
J. B. Scoggins ◽  
T. D. Economon ◽  
T. Magin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Species ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ideal Gas ◽  
Shock Interaction ◽  
Interaction Patterns ◽  
Shock Interactions ◽  
Wave Interference ◽  
Type V ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Non Equilibrium

AbstractThe present study aims at providing insights into shock wave interference patterns in gas flows when a mixture different than air is considered. High-energy non-equilibrium flows of air and $$\hbox {CO}_2$$ CO 2 –$$\hbox {N}_2$$ N 2 over a double-wedge geometry are studied numerically. The impact of freestream temperature on the non-equilibrium shock interaction patterns is investigated by simulating two different sets of freestream conditions. To this purpose, the SU2 solver has been extended to account for the conservation of chemical species as well as multiple energies and coupled to the Mutation++ library (Multicomponent Thermodynamic And Transport properties for IONized gases in C++) that provides all the necessary thermochemical properties of the mixture and chemical species. An analysis of the shock interference patterns is presented with respect to the existing taxonomy of interactions. A comparison between calorically perfect ideal gas and non-equilibrium simulations confirms that non-equilibrium effects greatly influence the shock interaction patterns. When thermochemical relaxation is considered, a type VI interaction is obtained for the $$\hbox {CO}_2$$ CO 2 -dominated flow, for both freestream temperatures of 300 K and 1000 K; for air, a type V six-shock interaction and a type VI interaction are obtained, respectively. We conclude that the increase in freestream temperature has a large impact on the shock interaction pattern of the air flow, whereas for the $$\hbox {CO}_2$$ CO 2 –$$\hbox {N}_2$$ N 2 flow the pattern does not change.

scholarly journals Metagenomic Analysis of the Fecal Archaeome in Suckling Piglets Following Perinatal Tulathromycin Metaphylaxis

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1825
Author(s):  
Mohamed Zeineldin ◽  
Ameer Megahed ◽  
Benjamin Blair ◽  
Brian Aldridge ◽  
James Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Gastrointestinal Microbiome ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Suckling Piglets ◽  
And Function ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

The gastrointestinal microbiome plays an important role in swine health and wellbeing, but the gut archaeome structure and function in swine remain largely unexplored. To date, no metagenomics-based analysis has been done to assess the impact of an early life antimicrobials intervention on the gut archaeome. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of perinatal tulathromycin (TUL) administration on the fecal archaeome composition and diversity in suckling piglets using metagenomic sequencing analysis. Sixteen litters were administered one of two treatments (TUL; 2.5 mg/kg IM and control (CONT); saline 1cc IM) soon after birth. Deep fecal swabs were collected from all piglets on days 0 (prior to treatment), 5, and 20 post intervention. Each piglet’s fecal archaeome was composed of rich and diverse communities that showed significant changes over time during the suckling period. At the phylum level, 98.24% of the fecal archaeome across all samples belonged to Euryarchaeota. At the genus level, the predominant archaeal genera across all samples were Methanobrevibacter (43.31%), Methanosarcina (10.84%), Methanococcus (6.51%), and Methanocorpusculum (6.01%). The composition and diversity of the fecal archaeome between the TUL and CONT groups at the same time points were statistically insignificant. Our findings indicate that perinatal TUL metaphylaxis seems to have a minimal effect on the gut archaeome composition and diversity in sucking piglets. This study improves our current understanding of the fecal archaeome structure in sucking piglets and provides a rationale for future studies to decipher its role in and impact on host robustness during this critical phase of production.

scholarly journals Coir Fibers Treated with Henna as a Potential Reinforcing Filler in the Synthesis of Polyurethane Composites

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1128
Author(s):  
Sylwia Członka ◽  
Anna Strąkowska ◽  
Agnė Kairytė
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Coir Fiber ◽  
Lawsonia Inermis ◽  
Coir Fibers ◽  
Mechanical Performances ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reinforcing Filler

In this study, coir fibers were successfully modified with henna (derived from the Lawsonia inermis plant) using a high-energy ball-milling process. In the next step, such developed filler was used as a reinforcing filler in the production of rigid polyurethane (PUR) foams. The impact of 1, 2, and 5 wt % of coir-fiber filler on structural and physico-mechanical properties was evaluated. Among all modified series of PUR composites, the greatest improvement in physico-mechanical performances was observed for PUR composites reinforced with 1 wt % of the coir-fiber filler. For example, on the addition of 1 wt % of coir-fiber filler, the compression strength was improved by 23%, while the flexural strength increased by 9%. Similar dependence was observed in the case of dynamic-mechanical properties—on the addition of 1 wt % of the filler, the value of glass transition temperature increased from 149 °C to 178 °C, while the value of storage modulus increased by ~80%. It was found that PUR composites reinforced with coir-fiber filler were characterized by better mechanical performances after the UV-aging.

Care of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus in school – An interventional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Umamaheswari Gurunathan ◽  
Hemchand Krishna Prasad ◽  
Sherline White ◽  
Bala Prasanna ◽  
Thangavelu Sangaralingam
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Education Program ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Structured Education ◽  
Type 1 Dm ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Determining Factor

AbstractObjectivesPaucity of data from India on care of children with Type 1 diabetes in schools. Aims: To study assess the knowledge, attitude, practices and fear of Type 1 diabetes in school teachers and to assess the impact of an educational model on the fear of teachers and care of children in Type 1 DM at school hours.MethodsA community based study, involving school teachers and the intervention being educating them about diabetes conducted. Data pertaining to basic demography, attitude of teachers towards diabetic children, Hypoglycemia fear factor survey- parent version with worries domain and preparedness of school was collected. An education program was conducted on diabetes care in children. Immediately and after three months, the proforma details and HFSP-W scores reassessed.ResultsForty two teachers (mean age: 38.7±5.4; M:F ratio 2:40) participated in the study. Post intervention, a higher willingness to have the diabetic child in class (100 vs. 57.1%; p>0.05), better support in daily care (100 vs. 92%; p>0.05), participation in sports activities (100 vs. 7.1%; p<0.05) observed. HFSP-W scores were 38.8±4.5 (pre-intervention), 22.5±4.3 (immediate post intervention) and 29.5±3.2 (at 3months) (p<0.05). To study the determinants of improvement in HFSP-W a regression analysis was performed: presence of glucometer the most likely determining factor (T=1.999, p=0.05).ConclusionThere is a significant element of fear in the minds of teachers towards hypoglycemia which improves with a structured education program.

scholarly journals Body Mass, Physical Activity and Eating Habits Changes during the First COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5682
Author(s):  
Hubert Dobrowolski ◽  
Dariusz Włodarek
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic caused a number of changes in social life around the world. In response to the growing number of infections, some countries have introduced restrictions that may have resulted in the change of the lifestyle. The aim of our study was to investigate the impact of the lockdown on body weight, physical activity and some eating habits of the society. The survey involving 183 people was conducted using a proprietary questionnaire. The mean age of the study participants was 33 ± 11 and mean height 169 ± 8 cm. An average increase in body weight was observed in 49.18% by 0.63 ± 3.7 kg which was the result of a decrease in physical activity and an increase in food consumption. We also observed a decrease in PAL from 1.64 ± 0.15 to 1.58 ± 0.13 and changes in the amount of food and individual groups of products consumption, including alcohol. Among the study participants who did not lose body mass, there was an average weight gain of 2.25 ± 2.5 kg. In conclusion, an increase of weight was shown in about half of the respondents in the study group which was associated with a decrease in physical activity and an increase in the consumption of total food and high energy density products.

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