Preparation and Evaluation of Sulfasalazine Nanoparticles by Desolvation Technique

Sulfasalazine is a combination of an aspirin like anti-inflammatory component and a sulfa antibiotic like component. It is an Anti-inflammatory agent used to relive the pain of the Bowel diseases, Rheumatoid arthritis, Psoriatic arthritis, Crohn’s disease and Ulcerative colitis. Sulfasalazine acts to deplete the damage to the joints, rather than just relieve the pain, it belongs to the group of medicines called disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). Methodology: The objective of the present study is to prepare, optimize the nanoparticles containing sulfasalazine and bovine serum albumin (BSA) by using desolvation method, and to study the effect of process variables like stirring speed on product yield, drug content. Glutaraldehyde is used as crosslinking agent and sulfasalazine is used as model drug. Results: The prepared nanoparticles showed maximum drug content, for continuous method-97.27% and for intermittent method-95.08%. The prepared nanoparticles showed good product yield of 96.26% (intermittent method) and 98.4% (continuous method). Invitro release of sulfasalazine loaded nanoparticles showed good sustained release and maximum drug release of 38.05% for continuous method and 40.73% for intermittent method within 6 hours interval.

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Cannabis and Canabidinoids on the Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Going Beyond Misuse

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21082940 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (8) ◽

pp. 2940

Author(s):

Antonelly Cassio Alves de Carvalho ◽

Gabriela Achete de Souza ◽

Samylla Vaz de Marqui ◽

Élen Landgraf Guiguer ◽

Adriano Cressoni Araújo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽

Literature Search ◽

Cannabis Sativa ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Bowel Diseases ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are characterized by a chronic and recurrent gastrointestinal condition, including mainly ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). Cannabis sativa (CS) is widely used for medicinal, recreational, and religious purposes. The most studied compound of CS is tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). Besides many relevant therapeutic roles such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, there is still much controversy about the consumption of this plant since the misuse can lead to serious health problems. Because of these reasons, the aim of this review is to investigate the effects of CS on the treatment of UC and CD. The literature search was performed in PubMed/Medline, PMC, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases. The use of CS leads to the improvement of UC and CD scores and quality of life. The medical use of CS is on the rise. Although the literature shows relevant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects that could improve UC and CD scores, it is still not possible to establish a treatment criterion since the studies have no standardization regarding the variety and part of the plant that is used, route of administration and doses. Therefore, we suggest caution in the use of CS in the therapeutic approach of IBD until clinical trials with standardization and a relevant number of patients are performed.

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Furan fatty acid as an anti-inflammatory component from the green-lipped mussel Perna canaliculus

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.1110577108 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 108 (42) ◽

pp. 17533-17537 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

T. Wakimoto ◽

H. Kondo ◽

H. Nii ◽

K. Kimura ◽

Y. Egami ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Perna Canaliculus ◽

Furan Fatty Acid ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Inflammatory Component

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An overview on therapeutic role of Diferuloylmethane (Curcumin) in Azheimer’s disease and sleep disorders

Main Group Chemistry ◽

10.3233/mgc-210075 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Hoor Shumail ◽

Shah Khalid ◽

Taha Alqahtani ◽

Mubarak Algahtany ◽

M. Azhar Ud Din ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Daily Routine ◽

Asian Countries ◽

Comprehensive Overview ◽

Active Model ◽

Progression Of Disease ◽

Inflammatory Drugs ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Model Drug ◽

The Brain

Curcumin is widely used in spices in Asia. It has been widely explored for various diseases as therapeutic agent. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease associated with dementia and cognitive disabilities. With the progression of disease, various changes appear in the brain cells that greatly affect the daily routine of the patient including sleep-wake disturbances. In the last few decades, extensive research has been carried out on this disease suggesting the development of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for its treatment. Since long, turmeric has been used in Asian countries as a home remedy for treating various ailments. Curcumin is an active ingredient isolated from the turmeric plant and is composed of curcuminoids. Because of its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and neuroprotective properties, curcumin can be safely administered to stop the progression of dementia and can be used for the development of such drugs that can reverse the neurotic damage caused by AD. This review article provides a comprehensive overview on the research carried out for AD using curcumin as active model drug.

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Advances in Anti-inflammatory Activity, Mechanism and Therapeutic Application of Ursolic Acid

Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1389557521666210913113522 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

Author(s):

Mingzhu Luan ◽

Huiyun Wang ◽

Jiazhen Wang ◽

Xiaofan Zhang ◽

Fenglan Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ursolic Acid ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Kidney Diseases ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Inflammatory Factors ◽

Inflammatory Stimuli ◽

Bowel Diseases ◽

Anti Inflammatory

: In vivo and in vitro studies reveal that ursolic acid (UA) is able to counteract endogenous and exogenous inflammatory stimuli, and has favorable anti-inflammatory effects. The anti-inflammatory mechanisms mainly include decreasing the release of histamine in mast cells, suppressing the activities of lipoxygenase, cyclooxygenase and phospholipase, and reducing the production of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species, blocking the activation of signal pathway, down-regulating the expression of inflammatory factors, and inhibiting the activities of elastase and complement. These mechanisms can open up new avenues for the scientific community to develop or improve novel therapeutic approaches to tackle inflammatory diseases such as arthritis, atherosclerosis, neuroinflammation, liver diseases, kidney diseases, diabetes, dermatitis, bowel diseases, cancer. The anti-inflammatory activity, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of ursolic acid and its therapeutic applications are reviewed in this paper.

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Transmembrane serine protease 2 and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 anti-inflammatory receptors for COVID-19/inflammatory bowel diseases treatment

World Journal of Gastroenterology ◽

10.3748/wjg.v27.i46.7943 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (46) ◽

pp. 7943-7955

Author(s):

Naser-Aldin Lashgari ◽

Nazanin Momeni Roudsari ◽

Saeideh Momtaz ◽

Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari

Keyword(s):

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽

Serine Protease ◽

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽

Converting Enzyme ◽

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 ◽

Bowel Diseases ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Transmembrane Serine Protease

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Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Extract Mixture of Annona senegalensis Pers. and Piliostigma thonningii (Schum.)

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics ◽

10.22270/jddt.v10i6-s.4605 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6-s) ◽

pp. 103-108

Author(s):

Komlatsè Togbenou ◽

Kokou Idoh ◽

Kossivi Dosseh ◽

Tchazou Kpatcha ◽

Amégnona Agbonon

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

No Production ◽

Leukocyte Infiltration ◽

Inflammation Markers ◽

Asthma Model ◽

Piliostigma Thonningii ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Inflammatory Component ◽

Inflammatory Effect

Introduction: Annona senegalensis Pers (Annonaceae) and Piliostigma thonningii (Schum.) (Leguminoseae) are two medicinal plants used, often in combination, in traditional Togolese medicine for the treatment of diseases with an inflammatory component. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of the hydro-ethanolic extract (EHEM) of the combination of A. senegalensis and P. thonningii (1: 1, m: m). Methods: The ovalbumin-induced allergic airway asthma model was used. Animals made asthmatic were treated with EHEM at doses of 250 and 500 mg / kg. Inflammation markers including histamine, nitric oxide (NO), vascular leakage, leukocyte infiltration in the airways, and malondialdehyde (MDA), were measured. Results: Compared to the SNT group, EHEM inhibits the infiltration of the airways by leukocytes (850,00 × 103 ± 50 cells / mL vs 1830 × 103 ± 53,85 cells / mL for ST500 mg / kg, P <0,05). It inhibited vascular permeability to Evans Blue (10,40 ± 0,270 μg / mL vs ST500, p<0,05). It inhibited histamine release (13,95 ± 0,937 μg / mL vs 32,78 ± 1,044 μg / mL, p<0,05) and NO production (0,211 ± 0,008 Μm vs 0,315 ± 0,022 μM, p<0,05). It finally inhibited MDA production (14,66 ± 0,533 nM / mL vs 9,014 ± 0,366 nM / mL and 7,149 ± 0,300 nM / mL, p<0,05) in lung tissue. Conclusion: Our results suggest that EHEM inhibits OVA-induced inflammation. These results justify the use of this combination of plants in traditional Togolese medicine. Keywords: Inflammation, malondialdehyde, Annona senegalensis, Piliostigma thonningii.

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The effect of the expulsion phase ofTrichinella spiralisonHymenolepis diminutainfection in rats

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182000051180 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 78 (3) ◽

pp. 323-330 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

P. R. Christie ◽

D. Wakelin ◽

M. M. Wilson

Keyword(s):

Trichinella Spiralis ◽

Cortisone Acetate ◽

Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽

Concurrent Infection ◽

Growth And Survival ◽

Inflammatory Drug ◽

Low Level ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Inflammatory Component ◽

Effect On Growth

SUMMARYThe effect of the intestinal changes brought about by the expulsion ofTrichinella spiralisin rats was studied in relation to the growth and survival of a concurrent infection withHymenolepis diminuta, a cestode not normally rejected by the rat in low-level infections. Growth ofH.diminutawas stunted in rats givenT.spiralisjust before, or after, infection withH.diminuta, the stunting being more pronounced when the cestode was given closer to the period of inflammation. There was no loss of the cestode from dual-infected rats and no evidence for destrobilation was found. LowerT.spiralisburdens had a correspondingly weaker effect on growth ofH.diminuta, and stunting was abolished by administration of the anti-inflammatory drug cortisone acetate. It is concluded that the stunting ofH.diminutais probably due to the non-specific inflammatory component of the rat's response toT.spiralisinfection.

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Rheological and textural analysis as tools for investigation of drug-polymer and polymer–polymer interactions on the example of low-acyl gellan gum and mesalazine

Journal of Biomaterials Applications ◽

10.1177/08853282211052755 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 088532822110527

Author(s):

Piotr Gadziński ◽

Tomasz Zbigniew Osmałek ◽

Anna Froelich ◽

Oliwia Wilmańska ◽

Agata Nowak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Profile Analysis ◽

Polymer Network ◽

Crosslinking Agent ◽

Gellan Gum ◽

Hydroxyethyl Cellulose ◽

Rheological Analysis ◽

Gelling Agents ◽

Texture Profile ◽

Ionic Crosslinking ◽

Model Drug

Purpose. In the performed study, the rheological and textural parameters of gellan-based hydrogels were investigated and their dependence on three factors was taken into consideration: ( i) The presence of the model drug, ( ii) The presence and type of the ionic crosslinking agent, and ( iii) the composition of the polymer network. The objective was to compare two analytical methods, regarded as complementary, and define to what extent the obtained results correlate with each other. Methods. The hydrogels contained low-acyl gellan gum or its mixtures with hydroxyethyl cellulose or κ-carrageenan. CaCl2 and MgCl2 were used as gelling agents. Mesalazine was used as a model drug. The rheological analysis included oscillatory stress and frequency sweeping. The texture profile analysis was performed to calculate texture parameters. Results. Placebo gels without the addition of gelling agents had the weakest structure. The drug had the strongest ability to increase the stiffness of the polymer network. The weakest structure revealed the placebo samples without the addition of gelling agents. Texture analysis revealed no significant influence of the drug on the strength of the gels, while rheological measurements indicated clear differences. Conclusions. It can be concluded that in the case of some parameters methods correlate, that is, the effect related to gelling ions. However, the rheological analysis seems to be more precise and sensitive to some changes in the mechanical properties of the gels.

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Walnut Oil Alleviates Intestinal Inflammation and Restores Intestinal Barrier Function in Mice

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12051302 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 1302

Author(s):

Adrian Bartoszek ◽

Adam Makaro ◽

Agnieszka Bartoszek ◽

Radzisław Kordek ◽

Jakub Fichna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Intestinal Inflammation ◽

Visceral Pain ◽

Intestinal Barrier ◽

Intestinal Barrier Function ◽

Walnut Oil ◽

Wide Range ◽

Bowel Diseases ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Ulcerative colitis belongs to inflammatory bowel diseases, which is a group of chronic disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. It is a debilitating condition with a wide range of symptoms including rectal bleeding, diarrhea, and visceral pain. Current dietary habits often lead to imbalance in n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in favor of n-6 PUFA. Recent data showed the potential anti-inflammatory advantage of n-3 PUFA. Walnut oil (WO) is rich in those fatty acids and mainly consists of linoleic and linolenic acids that may act via free fatty acids receptors (FFARs). We assessed the anti-inflammatory effect of WO in the mouse model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Moreover, we examined changes in the expression of tight junction proteins (TJ), pro-inflammatory cytokines, and FFAR proteins in the inflamed mouse colon. WO improves the damage score in inflamed tissue, significantly restoring ion transport and colonic wall permeability. Inflammation caused changes in TJ, FFAR, and pro-inflammatory gene proteins expression, which WO was able to partially reverse. WO has anti-inflammatory properties; however, its exact mechanism of action remains unclear. This stems from the pleiotropic effects of n-3 PUFA ligands associated with receptor distribution and targeted signaling pathways.

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