PENGARUH PEMBERIAN DOSIS KOMPOS DAN ARANG BAMBU TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser PADA LAHAN MARJINAL

Marginal land is a land that has several limiting factors for a particular purpose so that it takes an effort to increase its productivity. Marginal land intended for planting activities has several limiting factors such as low soil organic matter and low pH. Efforts to increase the productivity of the marginal land can be done with the addition of fertilizer and soil ameliorant. This research aims to analyze combinations of compost and bamboo biochar, having the ability to the optimal increase growth of Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser in marjinal land. The experimental design used in this research was Completely Randomized Factorial Design with two factors (compost and bamboo biochar). The addition of compost and bamboo biochar increased the height, the diameter, and number of leaves of N. cadamba. The addition of 3 kg compost and 100 g bamboo biochar (K1A1) was the best treatment to increased the height, the diameter, and number of leaves of N. cadamba.

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Evaluation of Noah-MP Land-Model Uncertainties over Sparsely Vegetated Sites on the Tibet Plateau

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos11050458 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 458

Author(s):

Guo Zhang ◽

Fei Chen ◽

Yueli Chen ◽

Jianduo Li ◽

Xindong Peng

Keyword(s):

Heat Flux ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Tibetan Plateau ◽

Sensible Heat Flux ◽

Limiting Factors ◽

Tibet Plateau ◽

The Tibetan Plateau ◽

Annual Total ◽

The Impact

The water budget and energy exchange over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) region play an important role on the Asian monsoon. However, it is not well presented in the current land surface models (LSMs). In this study, uncertainties in the Noah with multiparameterization (Noah-MP) LSM are assessed through physics ensemble simulations in three sparsely vegetated sites located in the central TP. The impact of soil organic matter on energy flux and water cycles, along with the influence of uncertainties in precipitation are explored using observations at those sites during the third Tibetan Plateau Experiment from 1August2014 to31July2015. The greatest uncertainties are in the subprocesses of the canopy resistance, soil moisture limiting factors for evaporation, runoff (RNF) and ground water, and surface-layer parameterization. These uncertain subprocesses do not change across the different precipitation datasets. More precipitation can increase the annual total net radiation (Rn), latent heat flux (LH) and RNF, but decrease sensible heat flux (SH). Soil organic matter enlarges the annual total LH by ~26% but lessens the annual total Rn, SH, and RNF by ~7%, 7%, and 39%, respectively. Its effect on the LH and RNF at the Nagqu site, which has a sand soil texture type, is greater than that at the other two sites with sandy loam. This study highlights the importance of precipitation uncertainties and the effect of soil organic matter on the Noah-MP land-model simulations. It provides a guidance to improve the Noah-MP LSM further and hence the land-atmosphere interactions simulated by weather and climate models over the TP region.

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TEKNOLOGI PENYAMBUNGAN (GRAFTING) MENDUKUNG PENGEMBANGAN, PEREMAJAAN DAN REHABILITASI PERTANAMAN JAMBU METE / Grafting Technology for Support Extensification, Replanting, and Rehabilitation of Cashew Plantation

Perspektif ◽

10.21082/psp.v17n2.2018.85-100 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 85

Author(s):

Rudi Suryadi

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Soil Erosion ◽

Plant Material ◽

Plant Productivity ◽

Land Conservation ◽

Marginal Land ◽

Production Potential ◽

Pests And Diseases

Initially cashew cultivation was aimed at marginal land conservation. A tight spacing (3 m x 3 m) so that the crown can cover the ground as quickly as possible to prevent soil erosion during rain and deciduous cashew leaves will add soil organic matter. Therefore aspects of plant productivity have not been a concern. As the price of cashew nuts tends to increase every year. This can encourage farmers to try cashew crops more seriously. At present, cashew cultivation is not only an effort to conserve marginal land, but also as a source of income for farmers, especially in Eastern Indonesia (KTI). Until 2016, Indonesia's cashew area had reached 514,491 ha with production of 137,094 tons. However, the level of productivity is considered still low, namely 430 kg logs/ha/year, far below India and Nigeria in the range of 900-2,286 kg logs/ha/year. Some factors that cause low productivity of Indonesian cashew are (1) the quality of plant material used, (2) disruption of pests and diseases, (3) maintenance of plants, and (4) the number of old plants (> 30 years). For this reason, efforts need to be made to increase the productivity of cashew, by implementing grafting technology in the extensification, replanting and rehabilitation of cashew. Research related to the grafting has been done quite a lot and produced, both grafting in nurseries and directly on the field (top working). The production potential of 9 superior varieties released ranged from 5.97 - 37.44 kg logs/trees/year or an average of 16.70 kg logs/trees/year. If the extensification, replanting and rehabilitation activities apply the grafting technology using the stem from superior varieties, it will be able to increase the productivity of Indonesian cashew to 1,670 kg logs/ha/year or increase by 300% from current productivity. AbstrakAwalnya penanaman jambu mete bertujuan untuk konservasi lahan marjinal. Jarak tanam rapat (3 m x 3 m) agar tajuk dapat secepat mungkin menutup permukaan tanah untuk mencegah erosi permukaan tanah saat hujan dan daun jambu mete yang gugur akan menambah bahan organik tanah. Oleh sebab itu aspek produktivitas tanaman belum menjadi perhatian. Seiring perkembangan harga kacang mete cenderung meningkat setiap tahunnya. Hal tersebut mampu mendorong petani untuk mengusahakan tanaman jambu mete lebih serius. Saat ini penanaman jambu mete tidak hanya sebagai usaha konservasi lahan marjinal, namun menjadi sumber pendapatan petani, terutama di Kawasan Timur Indonesia (KTI). Sampai 2016, luas areal mete Indonesia telah mencapai 514.491 ha dengan produksi 137.094 ton. Namun, tingkat produktivitas dianggap masih rendah yaitu 430 kg gelondong/ha/tahun, jauh dibawah India dan Nigeria pada kisaran 900-2.286 kg gelondong/ha/tahun. Beberapa faktor yang menyebabkan rendahnya produktivitas jambu mete Indonesia yaitu (1) mutu bahan tanaman yang digunakan, (2) gangguan hama dan penyakit, (3) pemeliharaan tanaman, dan (4) banyaknya tanaman tua (>30 tahun). Untuk itu perlu ditempuh upaya meningkatkan produktivitas jambu mete, dengan menerapkan teknologi penyambungan pada kegiatan pengembangan, peremajaan dan rehabilitasi pertanaman jambu mete. Penelitian terkait penyambungan sudah cukup banyak dilakukan dan dihasilkan, baik penyambungan di pembibitan maupun langsung di lapang (top working). Potensi produksi dari 9 varietas unggul yang dilepas berkisar antara 5,97- 37,44 kg gelondong/pohon/tahun atau rata-rata 16,70 kg gelondong/pohon/tahun. Apabila kegiatan pengembangan, peremajaan dan rehabilitasi menerapkan teknologi penyambungan menggunakan batang atas dari varietas unggul, akan mampu meningkatkan produktivitas jambu mete Indonesia menjadi 1.670 kg gelondong/ha/tahun atau meningkat 300 % dari produktivitas saat ini.

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PENGARUH APLIKASI BIOCOCOTIN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN SAWI PADA TANAH PASIR PESISIR PANTAI

Jurnal Solum ◽

10.25077/jsolum.17.1.12-20.2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 12

Author(s):

Anandyawati Anandyawati ◽

Merlian Zikri ◽

Eko Sumartono ◽

Ridha Rizki Novanda ◽

Amir Husaini Karim Amrullah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Coastal Area ◽

Cation Exchange Capacity ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Leaf Length ◽

Limiting Factors ◽

Human Waste ◽

Number Of Leaves

The great potential in coastal sandy lands is followed by various problems and limiting factors that cause the acceleration of land use for agricultural purpose run very slowly. To overcome these limiting factors, appropriate modification and implementation of innovation is needed, namely the providing of soil conditioning materials, such as organic matter. One source of organic material that is still very rarely used, affordable, easy and cheap and simple in its application is the waste of coconut powder and human waste which we call biococotin. Providing of biococotin in coastal sandy lands decreases basic pH near neutral, increasing levels of N, P, K, C-Organic and cation exchange capacity has decreased from 7.20 to 6.40%. N levels increased from 0.021% to 0.17%, P-available increased from 2.52 ppm to 20.13 ppm, K levels increased from 2.52 cmol (+) to 9.35 cmol (+) and CEC increased from 4, 04 cmol (+) / kg becomes 7.07 cmol (+) / kg. The best growth parameters (plant height, number of leaves, longest leaf length and longest leaf width) are shown by treatment 2 which is half the dose of NPK and biococotin. The best average planting weight and yield per ha is shown by treatment 2, which is half the dose of NPK and biococotin, which is 44.03 grams / plant and 26.41 tons / ha bicocotin. Keywords : Biococotin, Coastal area, Cocopeat

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Lettuce production in greenhouse under fertirrgation with nitrogen and potassium silicate

Acta Scientiarum Agronomy ◽

10.4025/actasciagron.v39i2.32897 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 211 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Renan Soares de Souza ◽

Roberto Rezende ◽

Tiago Luan Hachmann ◽

Cláudia Salim Lozano ◽

André Felipe Barion Alves Andrian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Factorial Design ◽

Irrigation System ◽

Potassium Silicate ◽

The Other ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Fresh Matter ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Micro Irrigation ◽

Best Responses

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen and potassium silicate on the production and commercial aspects of curly lettuce, Vera cultivar. The experimental design was completely randomized (CRD), with ten treatments and three replications. The treatments, arranged in a factorial design according to the Plan Puebla III matrix (Turrent & Laird, 1975), consisted of the combination of five doses of nitrogen (9; 54; 90; 126, and 171 kg ha-1) and five doses of potassium silicate (1.15; 6.90; 11.50; 16.10, and 21.85 kg ha-1). A control treatment without application of nitrogen and potassium silicate was also inserted. The crop was grown in a greenhouse, and the doses were applied as sidedressing using a drip micro-irrigation system. Total fresh matter, commercial fresh matter, non-commercial fresh matter, number of leaves and commercial trade index were evaluated. The commercial fresh matter and the number of commercial leaves per plant were affected only by nitrogen fertigation and increased linearly with an increase in the dose of nitrogen, with the best responses observed at the highest dose of this element (171 kg ha-1). Potassium silicate only had an effect on non-commercial fresh matter, with no influence on the other characteristics.

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Edaphic macrofauna in degradation of animal and vegetable residues

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/1519-6984.184765 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 79 (4) ◽

pp. 589-593 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. N. Schubert ◽

T. B. G. A. Morselli ◽

S. M. Tonietto ◽

J. M. O. Henriquez ◽

R. D. Trecha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Experimental Design ◽

Chemical Analysis ◽

Animal Origin ◽

Eisenia Foetida ◽

Organic Residues ◽

Volumetric Density ◽

Decomposition Processes ◽

Randomized Experimental Design

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability to degrade organic matter by edaphic macrofauna (worms), carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio and hydrogenation potential (pH) during the vermicomposting process in different organic residues. The treatments were constituted by organic residues of animal origin (bovine, ovine and equine manure) and vegetable (herb-checkmate and coffee drag), which were conditioned in plastic pots with a capacity of 10 liters, comprising five treatments in a completely randomized experimental design, with five replications. Were inoculated 150 earthworms of the species Eisenia foetida, into each plot. After 87 days, the evaluation of the multiplication of the earthworms was carried out, through its manual count and its cocoons. At the beginning and at the end of the experiment, the samples were submitted to analysis of humidity at 60 °C, pH, volumetric density, chemical analysis of macronutrients and C/N ratio. There was a dominance of worms and cocoons in the process of vermicomposting in the residues of ovine manure and herb-checkmate. The macronutrients (P, K and Mg) and C/N ratio were higher in the vegetal residues, while for N higher values were found in ovine manure and coffee drag treatments, and for Ca higher value among treatments was observed in the coffee drag treatment at the end and the lowest value at initiation. The results obtained in this study demonstrate the importance of the edaphic macrofauna to the vermicomposting process, since it allows more information about its influence on the continuity of soil organic matter decomposition processes.

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Sources and doses of organic substrates in the production of tamarind rootstock

Comunicata Scientiae ◽

10.14295/cs.v9i3.2494 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 412-420

Author(s):

Jose Maria Costa ◽

Eduardo Castro Pereira ◽

Francisco Mickael Camara ◽

Vander Mendonça ◽

Wagner Farias ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Experimental Design ◽

Organic Compound ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Factorial Design ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Organic Substrates ◽

Nutritional Characteristics ◽

Goat Manure ◽

Organic Source

In order to evaluate the performance of different organic sources, the composition of the substrate to produce rootstocks of tamarind and nutritional status, an experiment was carried out in the seedling nursery at the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido Mossoró, RN. The experimental design was a randomized complete block, in a 3x4 factorial design with four replications. The first factor consisted of three organic sources (bovine manure, goat manure and commercial organic compound) and the second factor of four ratios of these sources (0, 20, 40 and 60% v v-1) mixed with soil. As a control was used only soil were 12 treatments with 10 plants per plot, totaling 480 plants. Morphological and nutritional characteristics were evaluated. The goat manure source provided the best results for the evaluated morphological characteristics. The proportion of 40% of organic matter, regardless of the organic source added to the substrate, favored the better development of tamarind seedlings.

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Pertumbuhan Tomat pada Frekuensi Pengairan yang Berbeda

Agrosains: Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi ◽

10.20961/agsjpa.v16i1.18906 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 13

Author(s):

Riana Jumawati ◽

Amalia Tetrani Sakya ◽

Muji Rahayu

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Factorial Design ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Economic Value ◽

Lycopersicum Esculentum ◽

Irrigation Frequency ◽

Tomato Variety ◽

Two Factors ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Number Of Branches

Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) is one of horticulture commodities with high economic value and still need seriously handling especially for increasing fruits quality and quantity. However the production of tomato has not fullfilleed the demand yet. Therefore it is necessary to develop production. On lowland, the issue not only high temperature but also availability of water is unpredictable.This study aimed to investigate the effect of irrigation frequency on the growth of Mutiara, Opal, and Gondol tomato variety. This research was conducted at the Greenhouse Laboratory of the Agriculture Faculty, Sebelas Maret University with attitude 95 m asl. Implementation of the research conducted from January to May 2013. This research used completely randomized factorial design with two factors, namely variety of tomato (Gondol, Opal and Mutiara) and watering frequencies (everyday, once in 3 days, once in 6 days, and once in 9 days). The results showed that plant height, number of leaves and number of branches are influenced by the variety of tomato and irrigation frequency, whereas chorophyl content is influenced by the watering frequency. Growth component and chlorophyll content of tomato decreased with increasing irrigation frequency.

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Control of Black Cutworm With Merit Used Preventatively and Pyrethroids Used Curatively, 1995

Arthropod Management Tests ◽

10.1093/amt/21.1.326a ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 326-326

Author(s):

Stanley R. Swier ◽

Alan Rollins

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Moisture ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Experimental Design ◽

Soil Temperature ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Soil Texture ◽

Mixed Population ◽

Black Cutworm ◽

Plot Size

Abstract The experimental design was an RCB, replicated 4X, plot size was 7 X 7 ft. All treatments were applied with a CO2 boom sprayer, 8004 nozzles, at 40 PSI, in 2 gal water per 10002. All plots were lightly preirrigated. Merit was applied 3 Jul and irrigated (0.1 in). The remaining treatments were applied 31 Jul to a mixed population of 3-6 instar larvae and were not immediately watered. Plots were rated 7 Aug using a soap flush and counting live larvae. Conditions at the time of treatment on 3 Jul were: air temperature, 86.4°F; wind, calm; sky, clear; soil temperature, 90.6°F; thatch depth, 0.25 inch; slope, 0%; soil texture, loamy sand, sand 80%, silt 13%, clay 7%; soil organic matter, 1.7%; soil moisture 8%; post treatment precipitation, light irrigation daily; mowing height 0.125 inch.

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Raising Soil Organic Matter Content to Improve Water Holding Capacity

EDIS ◽

10.32473/edis-ss661-2017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Jehangir H. Bhadha ◽

Jay M. Capasso ◽

Raju Khatiwada ◽

Stewart Swanson ◽

Christopher LaBorde

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Water Conservation ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Calcareous Soils ◽

Matter Content ◽

Water Holding Capacity ◽

Limiting Factors ◽

Soil Organic Matter Content ◽

Water Holding

This article highlights the importance of raising soil organic matter in sandy and calcareous soils as it relates to increasing the water holding capacity of the soil. Farming in Florida on sandy soils has numerous limiting factors; one of which is it's low water holding capacity. By raising the soil organic matter content by just 1% can have a significant increase in soil water holding capacity. This would mean that soil would be able to hold more water for long durations. The prospect of increasiong water holding capacity in soils is great for agricultural productivity, and can have a significant impact on water conservation and usage.

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Karakterisasi Morfologi dan Pertumbuhan Populasi Planlet Anggrek Phalaenopsis Hasil Persilangan Selama Tahap Aklimatisasi

Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia ◽

10.29244/jhi.5.3.137-147 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 137

Author(s):

Tya Wulandari ◽

Dewi Sukma

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Population Growth ◽

Factorial Design ◽

Morphological Characterization ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Growth Experiment ◽

Similarity Coefficients ◽

Two Factors ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Leaf Fertilizer

ABSTRACTThis research was conducted at the Orchids House, KP. Leuwikopo, Bogor, Indonesia from December 2013 until May 2014. The objectives of research were to study the morphological characterization and the effect of some types of leaf fertilizer on the growth of hybrid Phalaenopsisplantlets. The research consisted of 2 experiments, the first one was morphological characterization and the second was population growth of orchid plantlets. Morphological characterization was conducted according to Balithi guidance for Phalaenopsis characteristic (Balithi, 2007). The morphological data was analysed by using NTSYSpc 2.02 version, presented in the form of a dendrogram. The population growth experiment used a Completely Randomized Factorial Design consisted of two factors, namely population and leaf fertilizers. The results of data analysis in morphological characterization showed that individuals in the each population has different number of similarity coefficients, D015 (59%), A001 (80%), D022 (78%), P4 (76%), and TSW-1103 (63%). In the second experiment showed that fertilizer treatments supertonik 3 ml L-1+ 3 ppm chitosan significantly affected the number of leaves in the population TSW-1111 (Phalaenopsis Timothy Christopher x Phalaenopsis Leopard Prince) of 4.60 ± 0.70 at 12 Weeks After Treatment (WAT).Keywords: acclimatization, growth of plantlet, morphological characterization ABSTRAKPenelitian dilaksanakan di Rumah Anggrek, KP. Leuwikopo, Bogor, Indonesia pada bulan Desember 2013 hingga Mei 2014. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari karakterisasi morfologi dan pengaruh pemberian beberapa jenis pupuk daun terhadap pertumbuhan planlet anggrek Phalaenopsis hasil persilangan. Penelitian terdiri atas 2 percobaan, yaitu karakterisasi morfologi dan pertumbuhan populasi planlet anggrek. Karakterisasi morfologi dilakukan berdasarkan panduan karakterisasi anggrek Phalaenopsis (Balithi, 2007). Percobaan karakterisasi morfologi diolah menggunakan program NTSYSpc versi 2.02 yang disajikan dalam bentuk dendogram. Percobaan pertumbuhan populasi menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial yang terdiri atas 2 faktor, yaitu populasi dan pupuk daun. Hasil analisis data pada percobaan karakterisasi morfologi menunjukkan bahwa individu dalam setiap populasi memiliki koefisien kemiripan yang berbeda, D015 (59%), A001 (80%), D022 (78%), P4 (76%), and TSW-1103 (63%). Percobaan ke-2 menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan pupuk supertonik 3 ml L-1+ chitosan 3 ppm berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertambahan jumlah daun pada populasi TSW-1111 (Phalaenopsis Timothy Christopher xPhalaenopsis Leopard Prince) sebesar 4.60±0.70 helai saat 12 MSP.Kata kunci: aklimatisasi, karakterisasi morfologi, pertumbuhan planlet

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