scholarly journals Chronic endometritis. Towards the improvement of diagnostic methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-249
Author(s):  
A.M. Shamilova ◽  
◽  
I.Yu. Il’ina ◽  
E.I. Borovkova ◽  
Yu.E. Dobrokhotova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Endometrial Receptivity ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Chronic Endometritis ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Autoimmune Processes ◽  
Ultrasound Assessment ◽  
Diagnostic Hysteroscopy

This paper reviews an important issue that significantly affects female fertility, chronic endometritis. This condition is characterized by clinical presentations of various severity and abnormalities of endometrial morphology. The rate of chronic endometritis varies greatly, mainly due to predominantly asymptomatic course and imperfect diagnostics. Pathogenic mechanisms of endometrial inflammation and different views on its effects on female reproductive potential are addressed. Further search for endometrial receptivity markers is needed as these markers will allow for assessing the severity of endometrial damage to develop the algorithm of preconception care. The authors focus on diagnostic techniques for chronic endometritis and their value. Immunohistochemistry of endometrium is a promising tool to be applied to diagnose endometrial inflammation and monitor treatment efficacy. A complex diagnostic approach to chronic endometritis that includes pelvic ultrasound, Doppler ultrasound, assessment of endometrial microbiota, diagnostic hysteroscopy and endometrial histopathology, and evaluation of endometrial receptivity is useful. KEYWORDS: chronic endometritis, termination of pregnancy, infertility, autoimmune processes, chronic inflammation, endometrial structure, immunohistochemistry. FOR CITATION: Shamilova A.M., Il’ina I.Yu., Borovkova E.I., Dobrokhotova Yu.E. Chronic endometritis. Towards the improvement of diagnostic methods. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2021;4(3):243–249 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2021-4-3-243-249.

Influence of chronic endometritis on women`s reproductive health: current view

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
T.G. Romanenko ◽  
◽  
A.D. Haiduk ◽  
N.V. Yesyp ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Current View ◽  
Antibiotic Administration ◽  
Chronic Endometritis ◽  
Vitro Fertilization

Chronic inflammatory process in endometrium is an obvious factor of infertility and recurrent pregnancy loss. But uncertainty of its etiology in most of the clinical cases results in complications of diagnostic process of the disease despite the broad spectrum of diagnostic techniques. Shift of the focus from specific infectious agents towards opportunistic pathogens also leads to several complications in interpretation of bacteriological examination results. Moreover, the role of viruses as ethiological factor of chronic endometritis is still not well established. At the same time the capability of invasive diagnostic techniques is always discussed by the clinicians because of additional risks from intervention into uterine cavity. From this point of view treatment of chronic endometritis (CE) and pregravid preparation of women involved in in vitro fertilization algorithm with such pathology requires comprehensive analysis. Routine antibiotic administration, principles of choice of these medications and effectiveness of other therapeutical approaches, for example, physiotherapy techniques, are still controversial. This article highlights modern ideas about chronic endometritis: ethiological factors of the disorder, coincidence with infertility and reproductive failure, diagnostic methods, treatment and pregravid preparation of women with the disease and ways of optimization of patient management for preserving their reproductive potential. Key words: chronic endometritis, infertility, in vitro fertilization, antibiotic therapy.

Forensic research of staff fraud

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 585-600
Author(s):  
V.A. Timchenko
Keyword(s):  
Effective Means ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Structural Units ◽  
Forensic Research ◽  
Economic Information ◽  
Commercial Organizations ◽  
Original Approach

Subject. This article deals with the issues of forensic diagnostics, which is an effective means of detecting, preventing and suppressing staff fraud. Objectives. The article aims to present an original approach to the development of methods of forensic diagnosis of staff fraud based on the modeling method. It is also intended to identify a structure of staff fraud patterns and justify the need to classify the staff fraud methods. Methods. For the study, I used the methods of comparative analysis, systematization, induction, and deduction. Results. The article defines approaches to the formation of diagnostic methods of staff fraud and presents typical inconsistencies that arise in economic information under the influence of fraudulent actions of staff. It describes some diagnostic techniques that can detect staff fraud elements that occur in certain ways of criminal activity. Conclusions and Relevance. The proposed original approach helps develop standard and specific methods for diagnosing staff fraud on a scientific basis. The provisions outlined in the article can serve as a basis for scholarly discussion, contribute to the effectiveness of research on counter-fraud in the field of personnel fraud, and can be applied to the practical activities of structural units and individuals whose task is to combat staff fraud in commercial organizations.

scholarly journals Enteric Fever Diagnosis: Current Challenges and Future Directions

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 410
Author(s):  
Durga P. Neupane ◽  
Hari P. Dulal ◽  
Jeongmin Song
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Enteric Fever ◽  
Asymptomatic Carrier ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Global Spread ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Pros And Cons

Enteric fever is a life-threatening systemic febrile disease caused by Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi (S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi). Unfortunately, the burden of the disease remains high primarily due to the global spread of various drug-resistant Salmonella strains despite continuous advancement in the field. An accurate diagnosis is critical for effective control of the disease. However, enteric fever diagnosis based on clinical presentations is challenging due to overlapping symptoms with other febrile illnesses that are also prevalent in endemic areas. Current laboratory tests display suboptimal sensitivity and specificity, and no diagnostic methods are available for identifying asymptomatic carriers. Several research programs have employed systemic approaches to identify more specific biomarkers for early detection and asymptomatic carrier detection. This review discusses the pros and cons of currently available diagnostic tests for enteric fever, the advancement of research toward improved diagnostic tests, and the challenges of discovering new ideal biomarkers and tests.

scholarly journals Tick-borne zoonoses and commonly used diagnostic methods in human and veterinary medicine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Springer ◽  
Antje Glass ◽  
Julia Probst ◽  
Christina Strube
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
One Health ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Zoonotic Pathogens ◽  
Health Concept ◽  
The One

AbstractAround the world, human health and animal health are closely linked in terms of the One Health concept by ticks acting as vectors for zoonotic pathogens. Animals do not only maintain tick cycles but can either be clinically affected by the same tick-borne pathogens as humans and/or play a role as reservoirs or sentinel pathogen hosts. However, the relevance of different tick-borne diseases (TBDs) may vary in human vs. veterinary medicine, which is consequently reflected by the availability of human vs. veterinary diagnostic tests. Yet, as TBDs gain importance in both fields and rare zoonotic pathogens, such as Babesia spp., are increasingly identified as causes of human disease, a One Health approach regarding development of new diagnostic tools may lead to synergistic benefits. This review gives an overview on zoonotic protozoan, bacterial and viral tick-borne pathogens worldwide, discusses commonly used diagnostic techniques for TBDs, and compares commercial availability of diagnostic tests for humans vs. domestic animals, using Germany as an example, with the aim of highlighting existing gaps and opportunities for collaboration in a One Health framework.

scholarly journals Physical Examination and Ultrasound Evaluation of Patients with Superficial Venous Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (02) ◽  
pp. 167-175
Author(s):  
Leigh C. Casadaban ◽  
John M. Moriarty ◽  
Cheryl H. Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Examination ◽  
Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Duplex Ultrasonography ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Venous Anatomy ◽  
Ultrasound Evaluation ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Ultrasound Assessment ◽  
Anatomic Variants ◽  
Tools And Techniques

AbstractSystematic and standardized evaluation of superficial venous disease, guided by knowledge of the various clinical presentations, venous anatomy, and pathophysiology of reflux, is essential for appropriate diagnosis and optimal treatment. Duplex ultrasonography is the standard for delineating venous anatomy, detecting anatomic variants, and identifying the origin of venous insufficiency. This article reviews tools and techniques essential for physical examination and ultrasound assessment of patients with superficial venous disease.

Characteristics of examination algorithm of patients with chronic trauma of the oral mucosa using tissue autofluorescence spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-169
Author(s):  
V. A. Gordeeva ◽  
I. V. Kulik ◽  
E. A. Khromova ◽  
A. L. Rubezhov ◽  
M. V. Gordeeva
Keyword(s):  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Trauma ◽  
Autofluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Risk Zones ◽  
Cancerous Lesions ◽  
Group 5

Relevance. The paper demonstrates the need to implement modern diagnostic techniques for diagnosis of precancerous and cancerous lesions at early or preclinical stages. Additional diagnostic methods are necessary, e.g. tissue autofluorescence, which allows revealing insidious pathological risk zones, particularly precancerous and cancerous lesions, to evaluate the condition of the oral tissues in patients with chronic oral mucosa disorders, especially caused by trauma. Purpose – to assess trauma-specific effectiveness of autofluorescence spectroscopy (AFS) in risk group patients with chronic trauma of the oral mucosa to reveal early malignization signs.Materials and methods. 25 subjects were selected for the study and divided into 2 groups: main group – 20 patients with different manifestations of chronic oral mucosa trauma; control group – 5 subjects without visible clinical manifestations and without oral trauma factors. Autofluorescence spectroscopy was performed in both groups using AFS-400 stomatoscope.Results. The received data demonstrated that the change in autofluorescence doesn’t allow drawing final conclusions on the presence or absence of chronic oral trauma malignization signs.Conclusion. AFS-400 stomatoscope may be effective in differentiating between healthy and damaged tissues, but there is no solid evidence that the change in fluorescence shade can help differentiate between various types of damaged tissues. Autofluorescence spectroscopy should be considered as an additional method for examination of patients with chronic oral mucosa trauma to reveal early malignization signs.

scholarly journals Application of electrochemical aptasensors in detection of cancer biomarkers

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 3315-3324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Negahdary ◽  
Ali Moradi ◽  
Hossein Heli
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cost Saving ◽  
High Selectivity ◽  
Cancer Biomarkers ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Late Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cancer Markers

Today, the late diagnosis of cancers is a big challenge, and using novel diagnostic techniques will provide essential, faster and more accurate treatments. Unfortunately, existing common and traditional diagnostic methods have not been helpful completely and most cancers are diagnosed too late. Recently, researchers have found new diagnostic methods against cancers by aptasensors; these sensory systems can detect involved biomarkers in various cancers so that the research in this field is continued strictly. Aptasensors can detect cancer markers in small quantities and high selectivity; moreover, other advantages of cancer aptasensors such as optimized time and cost saving can be considered. In addition, the aptasensors have been used in the diagnosis of the effective and related factors in cancer therapy follow-up. Here, the most researches about cancer aptasensors and other involved markers were collected, reviewed and described.  

scholarly journals Detection of “Candidatus Helicobacter suis” in Gastric Samples of Pigs by PCR: Comparison with Other Invasive Diagnostic Techniques

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 1131-1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. De Groote ◽  
R. Ducatelle ◽  
L. J. van Doorn ◽  
K. Tilmant ◽  
A. Verschuuren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Blot ◽  
Blot Hybridization ◽  
Southern Blot Hybridization ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Giemsa Staining ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Urease Test

Recently, a new 16S ribosomal DNA-based PCR assay was developed for the specific detection of “Candidatus Helicobacter suis” (former “Gastrospirillum suis”) in porcine gastric samples. In the present study, this PCR assay was compared to three other invasive diagnostic methods (rapid urease test, immunohistochemistry, histologic analysis by Giemsa staining). Antral stomach samples from 200 slaughterhouse pigs from Belgium and The Netherlands were examined. Bacterial presence was determined in 77% (154 of 200) of the samples by PCR in combination with Southern blot hybridization, 56% (111 of 200) of the samples by immunohistochemistry, 61% (122 of 200) of the samples by urease testing (20 h postinoculation [p.i.]), 36% (71 of 200) of the samples by urease testing (3 h p.i.), and 33% (65 of 200) of the samples by Giemsa staining. The intrinsic specificity of the PCR assay was assessed by Southern blot analysis with an “Candidatus H. suis”-specific probe and sequencing of PCR products. Interassay sensitivity and specificity values were assessed for each test by pairwise comparisons between tests. Agreement between tests was evaluated by calculating Cohen's kappa coefficient. From that analysis, the PCR assay was considered the most reliable benchmark. Microscopic detection of immunohistochemically labeled or Giemsa-stained “Candidatus H. suis” cells in stomach sections proved to be highly specific (100%) but relatively insensitive (72 and 42%, respectively) compared to the PCR assay. A longer incubation time of the urease test improved its sensitivity considerably (74 versus 55%) but was accompanied by a loss of specificity (72 versus 93%). In conclusion, we found the “Candidatus H. suis”-specific PCR assay to be a sensitive and reliable diagnostic method for the detection of “Candidatus H. suis” in the stomachs of pigs and could prove to be a valuable tool for further epidemiological studies both for “Candidatus H. suis”- and for “Helicobacter heilmannii” type 1-related research.

scholarly journals Expression Levels of Candidate Circulating microRNAs in Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis Compared With Healthy Newborns

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 117863101879707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benet B Dhas ◽  
Vijaya R Dirisala ◽  
B Vishnu Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Circulating Micrornas ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Sepsis Diagnosis ◽  
Low Sensitivity

The high mortality rate of neonatal sepsis is directly connected with time-consuming diagnostic methods that have low sensitivity and specificity. The need of the hour is to develop novel diagnostic techniques that are rapid and more specific. In this study, we estimated the expression levels of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) that are involved in regulating immune response genes and underlying inflammatory responses, which may be used for sepsis diagnosis. The total circulating miRNA was isolated and the candidate miRNAs (miR-132, miR-146a, miR-155, and miR-223) were quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction technique. Statistical analysis revealed that miR-132 ( P < .01) and miR-223 ( P < .05) were downregulated in septic newborns compared with healthy babies. The decrease in expression of miR-132 and miR-223 may be associated with increased expression of immune-related genes involved in TLR (Toll-like receptor) signaling pathway. Further case-control studies with large sample size are required to identify the potential of miRNAs in neonatal sepsis diagnosis.

O-143 Characterization of vaginal and endometrial microbiome in patients with chronic endometritis (CE)

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P LOZANO ◽  
A Bernabeu ◽  
B Lledó ◽  
R Morales ◽  
F I Aranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Vaginal Microbiome ◽  
Chronic Endometritis

Abstract Study question Could vaginal and endometrial microbiome by sequencing 16S rRNA be comparable to classic diagnostic methods or immunohistochemistry CD138 for diagnosis of chronic endometritis? Summary answer A characteristic endometrial and vaginal microbiome is present in patients with chronic endometritis. An abnormal vaginal microbiome correlates with the presence of chronic endometritis. What is known already Chronic endometritis is a disease characterized by persistent inflammation of the endometrial lining. Currently, histopathological evaluation by immunohistochemistry CD138 marker is most common diagnostic method for CE. Microbiome analysis based on subunit 16S rRNA sequencing is a fast tool that can enable the identification of pathogenic microorganisms associated with CE. The main bacteria at vaginal and endometrial level belong to genus Lactobacillus, producers of lactic acid that allows maintaining acidic pH of vagina and acts as barrier against pathogens. Investigations on the effect of an abnormal endometrial and vaginal microbiome could improve assisted reproductive technologies. Study design, size, duration This is a observational pilot study (60 patients and 120 samples). The study population consists of patients attending to our fertility clinic for frozen euploid embryo transfer (FET) from May 2017 to May 2019. Preimplantation Genetic Testing of aneuploidy (PGT-A) was performed at blastocyst stage using Veriseq (Illumina). The inclusion criteria to be meet by patients were: age between 18 and 50 years, own or donated oocytes and use of ICSI. Participants/materials, setting, methods Cohort study with sixty patients undergoing assisted reproductive treatment (TRA) with their own or donated gametes and PGT-A Vaginal and endometrial samples were taken in the cycle prior to embryo transfer. The vaginal and endometrial microbiome was analyzed by mass sequencing of the V3V4 region of 16S rRNA. Bioinformatics analysis was performed using QIIME2 and MicrobiomeAnalyst packages. Alpha, beta diversity and taxonomic characterization were compared with positive and negative CD138 groups for chronic endometritis (CE). Main results and the role of chance Different bacterial communities were detected when vaginal and endometrial samples were analyzed in patients with and without endometritis diagnosed with CD138 immunohistochemistry. In patients with endometritis, a higher alpha diversity index tendency was found in vaginal samples (p = 0.15 for the Shannon index) and significant differences in endometrial samples (p = 0.01 for the Shannon index). In the beta diversity analysis, no significant differences were observed between the groups established as per the diagnosis of endometritis. Vaginal and endometrial samples from women with endometritis showed a microbiome pattern not dominated by Lactobacillus spp. Relative abundance analysis identified the genera Ralstonia and Gardnerella in endometrial sample, and the genera Streptoccoccus and Ureaplasma in vaginal sample of patients diagnosed with CD138 for endometritis. Comparing endometrial and vaginal samples CD138 positive diagnosed for endometritis, alpha diversity (p = 0.06 for the Shannon index and p = 0.08 for the Simpson index) and beta diversity (p &lt; 0.001) showed significant differences. Relative abundance identified the genera Lactobacillus (p = 3.76E-4), Ralstonia (p = 8.19E-4), Delftia (p = 0.004) and Anaerobacillus (p = 0.004) in these sample groups. Limitations, reasons for caution The main limitation of this study is the small sample size. Larger studies including a higher number of samples are needed to confirm the different microbiome pattern observed at the vaginal and endometrial levels in correlation with chronic endometritis. The microbiome pattern has not been analyzed after treatment of CE. Wider implications of the findings Our findings suggest the existence of a characteristic vaginal and endometrial microbiota in patients with chronic endometritis. Different genera and species were identified in patients with and without endometritis depending on whether the sample was endometrial or vaginal. An abnormal vaginal microbiome appears to be strongly correlated with chronic endometritis. Trial registration number Not Applicable

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