scholarly journals A study of clinical profile of children with short stature

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 328-330
Author(s):  
Kumar Angadi ◽  
Mohammed Mukeeb Ahmed ◽  
Shivanand S Bhimalli ◽  
Sharanagouda Patil
Keyword(s):  
Short Stature ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Indian Children ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Indian Context ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Constitutional Delay ◽  
The Common

Background: Short stature is one of the common concerns among the Indian children. However, community-based studies in Indian context are rare compared to studies performed in Western countries. Aim: Here, we aimed to study the clinical profile of children with short stature and the different causes of it. Methods: This study was a hospital-based prospective study that included 65 children ?18 years (female: 57%, male: 43%) who met the inclusion criteria. Detailed history, physical examination, anthropometry, laboratory tests, bone age, and chromosomal analysis were included for evaluation. Results: The most common age group affected was 11–15 years (40%) followed by 6–10 years (34%) and <5 years (21.5%). Growth hormone (GH) deficiency (21.4%), followed by malnutrition (18.5%), familial short stature (13.9%), hypothyroidism (10.8%), turner syndrome (10.8%), constitutional delay of growth and puberty (9.2%), systemic diseases (6.2%), and miscellaneous (6.1%) were identified as the common causes of short stature. Conclusion: Commonly observed etiology of short stature was identified in this study. Proportionate and disproportionate short statures were 90.7% and 9.3%, respectively. About 23% of the cases were of physiological short stature and 77% were of pathological short stature.

scholarly journals A high proportion of novel ACAN mutations and their prevalence in a large cohort of Chinese short stature children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Lin ◽  
Mengting Li ◽  
Jingsi Luo ◽  
Pin Li ◽  
Shasha Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Family History ◽  
Short Stature ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Pathogenic Variants ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs

Abstract Context Aggrecan, encoded by ACAN gene, is the main proteoglycan component in the extracellular cartilage matrix. Heterozygous mutations in ACAN have been reported to cause idiopathic short stature. However, the prevalence of ACAN pathogenic variants in Chinese short stature patients and clinical phenotypes remain to be evaluated. Objective We sought to determine the prevalence of ACAN pathogenic variants among Chinese short stature children and characterize the phenotypic spectrum and their responses to growth hormone (GH) therapies. Patients and Methods Over 1000 unrelated short stature patients ascertained across China were genetically evaluated by Next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based test. Result We identified 10 novel likely pathogenic variants and 2 recurrent pathogenic variants in this cohort. None of ACAN mutation carriers exhibited significant dysmorphic features or skeletal abnormities. The prevalence of ACAN defect is estimated to be 1.2% in the whole cohort, it increased to 14.3% among those with advanced bone age and to 35.7% among those with both advanced bone age and family history of short stature. Nonetheless, five out of eleven ACAN mutation carries had no advanced bone age. Two individuals received growth hormone therapy with variable levels of height SDS improvement. Conclusion Our data suggested that ACAN mutation is one of the common causes of Chinese pediatric short stature. Although it has a higher detection rate among short stature patients with advanced bone age and family history, part of affected probands presented with delayed bone age in Chinese short stature population. The growth hormone treatment was moderately effective for both individuals.

scholarly journals Clinical Profile and Outcome of Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of NGMC

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-22
Author(s):  
Roma KM ◽  
Manita Pyakurel ◽  
Veena Gupta ◽  
Piush Kanodia
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
The Common

Background: Neonatal period is a period from birth to under 28 days of life. The common causes of mortality and morbidity in our region are preventable, among which neonatal sepsis is the commonest one. Most of the deaths occur within 7 days of life. Objectives: To study the clinical profile, pattern of diseases, causes of morbidity and mortality amongst newborns. Materials and methods: A hospital based descriptive study was done among total 967 newborns including both inborn and out born admitted in NICU, NGMC from January 2016 to December 2016. Age, sex, gestational age, diagnosis at admission, outcome of admitted th newborns were the main variables under study. Data was entered in Excel and analyzed using SPSS 20th version. Data were presented through pie, bar graph and table with frequency and percentage. Results: Male were predominant in the study (65%). One third of the admitted newborns were preterms. Half of the admitted newborns were admitted on their first day of life. Neonatal sepsis was the most common cause of admission. Deaths occured in 7.4%of total babies. Seventy-six percent got improved after treatment. Only 2.8% were referred to higher center. Conclusions: Most of the neonates got admitted in first day of life with commonest cause being neonatal sepsis. Recovery rate was satisfactory. To reduce the mortality and morbidity of neonates, we need to increase awareness level in general population and proper aseptic practices in medical practitioners.

scholarly journals Aggrecanopathies highlight the need for genetic evaluation of ISS children

2020 ◽  
Vol 183 (2) ◽  
pp. C9-C10
Author(s):  
Ola Nilsson
Keyword(s):  
Short Stature ◽  
Osteochondritis Dissecans ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Genetic Evaluation ◽  
Large Cohort ◽  
Growth Disorders ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Work Up

Short stature is one of the most common causes for referrals to pediatric endocrinologists. However, in a majority of the children, no underlying cause can be identified and the child instead receives the unhelpful diagnosis of idiopathic short stature (ISS), often after extensive work-up and testing. Recent advances in genetic methodology have allowed for the identification of a number of different monogenic conditions within the large cohort of ISS children. Isolated short stature and advanced bone age, with or without early-onset osteoarthritis and/or osteochondritis dissecans (MIM#165800) due to heterozygous aggrecan gene mutations exemplifies how this progress is changing the way we assess, counsel and treat children with non-endocrine growth disorders.

scholarly journals CLINICAL PROFILE OF CHILDREN PRESENTING WITH SEIZURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Thakur ◽  
Sumeet Verma
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Acute Symptomatic Seizure ◽  
The Common

Background: This study is to describe the clinical profile of children presenting with seizure including common causes of seizure and classify the seizure types. Methods:  Hospital-based, analytic and descriptive study. This study includes all children in the age group 6 months to 12 years who presented in the department of paediatrics with seizure. Results: Seizures presented with fever in 36.00% of cases Conclusions: Seizures are one of the common causes of hospitalization. It can be inferred from this study that CNS infections are the most common cause of acute symptomatic seizure. The improvement in health care facilities like sanitation and immunization is warranted to prevent it. Keywords: Seizures, GTCS, Children

scholarly journals CLINICAL PROFILE OF CHILDREN PRESENTING WITH SEIZURE

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diwakar Aiyaloo ◽  
Banumathi C. M
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Seizure Type ◽  
Tubercular Meningitis ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Acute Symptomatic Seizure ◽  
Clonic Seizures ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Brain

Seizure is a sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbance in the brain which causes changes in behavior, movements or feelings, and in the levels of consciousness. Suffering from more seizures or tendency to have recurrent seizures that may lead to epilepsy. This study is to describe the clinical profile of children presenting with seizure including common causes of seizure and classify the seizure types. Methods:  Hospital-based, analytic and descriptive study. This study includes all children in the age group 6 months to 12 years who presented in the department of paediatrics with seizure. Demographic analysis and analysis of different seizure types, analysis of patient based on the cause of seizure as well as outcome of patient presented with seizure in relation to demographic, fever diagnosis and status epilepticus.  Results: The total numbers of patients with seizure under study are 100 in which 61 were males and 39 were females. The most common clinical seizure type was generalized tonic- clonic (56.00%). Conclusions: Seizures are one of the common causes of hospitalization. It can be inferred from this study that CNS infections are the most common cause of acute symptomatic seizure. The improvement in health care facilities like sanitation and immunization is warranted to prevent it. Keywords: Generalized tonic-clonic seizures, Neurocysticercosis, Encephalitis, Tubercular meningitis

scholarly journals A study of etiological and clinical profile of short stature in a tertiary care center

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 2331
Author(s):  
Nagajyothi Penugonda ◽  
Ramkumar Selvarajan ◽  
Balasubramaniam Ramakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Short Stature ◽  
Turner Syndrome ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Normal Variant ◽  
Hormone Deficiency ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Western World ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Common Causes

Background: Short stature is the common finding in pediatric endocrine practice with diverse etiology. However, compared to western world, data addressing the etiological and clinical profile of short stature in India are limited. The present study aimed to evaluate etiological and clinical profile of short stature in children. The primary objective was to identify children with short stature and evaluate various causes of short stature and secondary objective was to identify the gender and height differences among the different causes of short stature.Methods: This prospective observational study analysed the data of 100 children aged 2-16 years, who presented to the department of paediatrics, Apollo Hospital, Chennai for the evaluation of short stature and poor growth during the period of April 2016 to April 2017.Results: The predominant causes of short stature were growth hormone deficiency (GHD; 28%), normal variant short stature (26%), followed by chronic disease (8%), syndromic short stature (8%), Turner syndrome (7%), and hypothyroidism (6%). The most common causes of short stature in males were GHD (28%), constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP; 24%) and familial short stature (FSS; 16%), whereas in females GHD (28%), Turner syndrome (14%) and FSS (12%). Beside this, 96% children had <3rd height centile and 4% children had >3rd height centile, of which 3 cases of GHD and 1 case of syndromic short stature were identified.Conclusions: The most common causes of short stature identified in our study were GHD and normal variant short stature.

scholarly journals Etiology of short stature in children attending pediatric endocrinology clinic of a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 363
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rezaul Karim ◽  
Kohinoor Jahan Shamaly ◽  
Baraka Badrudduja Tithi ◽  
Romana Akter ◽  
Ismat Jahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Stature ◽  
Normal Variant ◽  
Growth Delay ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Pediatric Endocrinology ◽  
Genetic Syndrome ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Constitutional Growth Delay ◽  
The Common ◽  
Endocrinology Clinic

Background: Short stature is a common problem to practicing pediatricians. It results from various etiologies, which are categorized as normal variants and pathological causes. Normal variant short stature consists of Familial Short Stature (FSS) and Constitutional Growth Delay (CGD), while pathological causes are subdivided into endocrine diseases, clinically defined syndromes, chronic diseases, metabolic diseases and others. There are not so much data available in Bangladesh in this respect. So, present study was conducted to know the common causes of short stature.Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in pediatric endocrinology clinic of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2017 to August 2018. One hundred children with short stature meeting inclusion criteria were recruited after taking an informed consent. The detailed history, physical examination including anthropometric measurements and relevant investigations were done. Data were recorded on a predesigned questionnaire for final analysis.Results: The common causes of short stature identified were familial short stature (FSS) 51% cases, Constitutional Growth Delay (CGD) 14% cases and hypothyroidism 12% cases. Other less common causes of short stature were Growth Hormone Deficiency (GHD) 8% cases, malnutrition 6% cases and genetic syndrome 5% cases.Conclusions: FSS and CGD were the leading cause of short stature in children. Endocrinological causes were the most common cause of short stature after normal variant while nonendocrine causes were the least.

Comparison of Heffner Criteria and Light Criteria in Differentiating Exudative and Transudative Pleural Effusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
Krishna Chandra Devkota ◽  
S Hamal ◽  
PP Panta
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pleural Space ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Exudative Pleural Effusion

Pleural effusion is present when there is >15ml of fluid is accumulated in the pleural space. It can be divided into two types; exudative and transudative pleural effusion. Tuberculosis and parapneumonic effusion are the common cause of exudative pleural effusion whereas heart failure accounts for most of the cases of transudative pleural effusion. This study was a hospital based cross sectional study performed at Nepal Medical College during the period of January 2016-December 2016. A total of 50 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Pleural effusion was confirmed by clinical examination and radiology. After confirmation of pleural effusion, pleural fluid was aspirated and was analysed for protein, LDH, cholesterol. The Heffner criteria was compared with Light criteria to classify exudative or transudative pleural effusion. Among 50 patients, 30 were male and 20 were female. The mean age of patient was 45.4±21.85 years. The sensitivity and specificity of using Light criteria to detect the two type of pleural effusion was 100% and 90.9%, whereas using Heffner criteria was 94.87%, 100% respectively(P<0.01). There are variety of causes for development of pleural effusion and no one criteria is definite to differentiate between exudative or transudative effusion. In this study Light criteria was more sensitive whereas Heffner criteria was more specific to classify exudative pleural effusion. Hence a combination of criteria might be useful in case where there is difficulty to identify the cause of pleural effusion.

Community-Based Interventions to Reduce Child Maltreatment

2021 ◽  
pp. 104973152098696
Author(s):  
Camilla Kin-Ming Lo ◽  
Yuet Wing Cho
Keyword(s):  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Protective Services ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Community Institutions ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Further Development

Purpose: This review seeks to summarize selected literature on existing findings on the impacts of community-based interventions on the actual reduction of child maltreatment and to identify the core components of the interventions. Methods: This study systematically searched electronic databases, including PsycInfo, Medline, and Web of Science. The findings of the selected studies were summarized using narrative synthesis. Results: A total of four studies met the inclusion criteria of this study. The studies showed declines in child maltreatment incidences reported by child protective services and hospitals during the study periods. Four major components and approaches were identified among the selected interventions, including (1) the involvement of community members, (2) partnerships with community institutions, (3) multidisciplinary collaboration, and (4) responsiveness to the needs of the communities involved. Conclusions: The results of this review support the need for further development of community-based interventions using a hybrid approach.

scholarly journals From “Technical Newbies” to “Optimistic Politicians”

2019 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
James Prater ◽  
Konstantinos Kirytopoulos ◽  
Tony Ma
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Scheduling Problems ◽  
Information Technology Projects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
The Common ◽  
Project Estimation ◽  
Engineering Projects

Purpose Despite the advent of sophisticated control methods, there are still significant issues regarding late delivery of information technology projects. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the common causes of scheduling problems specifically in the information technology projects context. Design/methodology/approach Through a quantitative research, the importance of those causes, as well as the underpinning factors driving them, is explored. The causes are ranked according to their relative important index, and exploratory factor analysis is employed to reveal underlying dimensions (factors) of these causes. Findings From the analysis, four factors were extracted, namely, “Dataless Newbie,” “Technical Newbie,” “Pragmatic Futurist” and “Optimistic Politician.” These factors explain the different latent conditions that lead to scheduling problems in information technology projects. Practical implications The key contribution of this research is that it enlightens the latent conditions underpinning scheduling problems. Also, the evidence provides that schedule development for information technology projects is impacted by the same causes that impact engineering projects, and that applying a number of mitigation techniques widely used within the engineering area, such as reference class, would, no doubt, not only improve information technology schedules but also reduce the political pressures on the project manager. Originality/value This research provides a valuable insight into understanding the underlying factors for poor project estimation.

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