scholarly journals Studi Eksperimental Analisa Kinematik Pengereman Mobil

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-180
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sabri ◽  
Ardhian Fauza
Keyword(s):  
Brake System ◽  
Large Role ◽  
Kinematic Parameters ◽  
Braking System ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Braking Process

Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmenemukan hubungan keterikatan antara parameter utama kinematik yang terdapat pada proses pengereman yaitu gaya, jarak dan waktu pada proses pengereman. Perbedaan pola dan karakteristik dari proses pengereman pada kendaraan dinilai sangat penting untuk diketahui disebabkan sistem rem merupakan sistem yang mempunyai peran besar terhadap keamanan dalam berkendara. Yang kemudian hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa parameter gaya berbanding terbalik terhadap jarak dan waktu pengereman ( gaya >< jarak dan waktu). Sehingga kesimpulan utama dari hasil penelitian adalah karateristik pada proses pengereman mempunyai kecenderungan yang tidak jauh berbeda tetapi memiliki perubahan jarak dan waktu pengereman yang dapat berubah ubah pada setiap variasi gaya yang diberikan pada saat sebelum dan setelah sistem rem pada kendaraan diperbaiki. This study aims to find relationship amongst the main kinematic parameters in braking process, namely force, distance and time. The difference in patterns and characteristics of braking process of vehicles is considered very important to know because braking system constitutes a system that has a large role in safety driving. The results of the study showed the force parameters were inversely proportional to the distance and braking time (force > <distance and time). Therefore, the main conclusion of the study was the characteristics of braking process had a tendency which was not much different but gave a change in distance and braking time which could be different in each variation of force before and after the brake system in repaired vehicles.

scholarly journals Method of calculating the design parameters of a modulator anti-lock braking system with a high flow of working fluid

2021 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 199-210
Author(s):  
Mikhail ZHILEVICH ◽  
Sergey ERMILOV ◽  
Denis KAPSKI ◽  
Yuriy VOVK ◽  
Oleg LYASHUK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Pressure Difference ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Brake System ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Main Stage ◽  
Emergency Braking ◽  
Braking System ◽  
Braking Process

The design dimensions of the executive hydraulic cylinders of the brake system of heavy-duty mining dump trucks cause high fluid flow during the braking process. Therefore, dimensions of the anti-blocking system modulator spool pair require unique electromagnets or hydraulic amplifiers to control. These solutions do not allow the required modulator performance. Thus, a modulator scheme with a division of the flow of fluid from the source to the brake cylinders was developed. This scheme allows during emergency braking passing, an additional amount of fluid to cylinders through the valve, installed parallel to the main valve upon pressure increase phase and controlled by the pressure difference. The task is to develop a method for calculating the main structural dimensions of a modulator. The calculation of the valve of the second cascade, installed in parallel to the main stage, is carried out for the emergency braking mode with the maximum flow rate to ensure the required performance of the braking system. The balance of fluid flows equations is compiled at the key points. The flow rate of the fluid through each of the valves is determined by the Torricelli formula, and the pressure difference across the valves is assuned equal. The obtained relations allows building a family of Q-p curves, which can be used to select the diameter and stroke of the additional valve depending on the flow rate in the brake system.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF ADAPTIVE BRAKE CONTROL OF THE SECONDARY BRAKE SYSTEM OF A MULTI-AXLE VEHICLE

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
Viktor Bogomolov ◽  
Valeriy Klimenko ◽  
Dmytro Leontiev ◽  
Oleksandr Kuripka ◽  
Andrii Frolov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
Brake System ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
The Road ◽  
Emergency Braking ◽  
Braking System ◽  
Braking Process

Problem. A malfunction of the service braking system of a wheeled vehicle (CTS) significantly affects road safety, especially when operating multi-axle vehicles with large masses. One of the ways to increase the level of road safety of multi-axle vehicles, when braking them using a spare (emergency) braking system, is the introduction of automated adaptive braking systems into the design of the brake drive of vehicles. The definition of the limits of the use of the adaptive braking system on vehicles with many axles is almost not disclosed in the scientific and technical literature, therefore, the issue of using such a system on vehicles with a large number of axles requires additional research. Purpose. The purpose of this work is to develop a simulation model for adaptive control of the braking process of a multi-axle vehicle using a spare (emergency) braking system, taking into account the simulation of the dynamics of the drive and the variability of the adhesion properties between the tire of the vehicle wheel and the road surface. Methodology. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to develop a simulation model of the brake drive in an adaptive mode, implement a model of the interaction of the tire with the road surface, and implement a model of the braking dynamics of a multi-axle vehicle in the event of a malfunction of its service brake system. Originality. The proposed key criterion (Kr) for changing the throttle section in electro-pneumatic pressure modulators, which provide adaptive air inlet or outlet from the corresponding brake chambers of the drive, during simulation, made it possible to simulate the operation of the drive circuits in the adaptive mode. It has been established that, depending on the potential for the realization of the adhesion between the tires of automobile wheels and the road surface, the pressure in the electro-pneumatic brake drive with its adaptive regulation can be increased by no more than 0.04 MPa.

scholarly journals Blending Control of Trolleybus Traction and Brake Drives to Enhance Braking Efficiency of Vehicle

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-141
Author(s):  
A. I. Safonau
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Electric Motor ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Brake System ◽  
Electric Transport ◽  
Braking System ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Braking Process ◽  
Traction Electric Motor

The widespread use of green public transport is a priority strategy to reduce a congestion and pollution from road traffic in many cities. The trolleybus is a type of urban public electric transport, which is considered as a promising tool for  increasing the efficiency of public transport and achieving the goals of sustainable development and quality of life in the city. The operation control of service brake system and secondary brake system (braking torque of traction electric motor) is realized with the help of one pedal in the trolleybus. Thus, there are modes of joint operation for these systems during the braking process. The author has focused his main attention on the development of an algorithm for blending control of the traction electric motor and the anti-lock braking system to enhance the overall braking efficiency of a vehicle. For this purpose, a mathematical model of the trolleybus braking dynamics has been developed. Bench and road tests have been carried out on various road surfaces to determine parameters of vehicle braking efficiency and to validate the developed mathematical model. The corresponding experimental data were used to analyse the efficiency of the proposed strategy for combining the blending control of traction electric motor and anti-lock braking system of the trolleybus. As a result, the efficiency of the proposed control algorithm has been confirmed, which provides the required braking efficiency and high braking stability of the vehicle. 

Simulation Analysis of Portal Crane Braking Effect with Dual-Stage Brakes under Fluctuating Wind Load

2014 ◽  
Vol 607 ◽  
pp. 268-272
Author(s):  
Guang Wei Qing ◽  
Hui Jin ◽  
Jing Bo Hu
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Brake System ◽  
Safety Device ◽  
Braking Performance ◽  
Braking System ◽  
Dual Stage ◽  
Braking Force ◽  
Braking Process ◽  
Fluctuating Wind ◽  
Portal Crane

In order to grasp the braking effect of the portal crane after the installation of auxiliary wind safety device, the braking process of real harbor crane with dual-stage windproof braking system exposed to fluctuating wind is simulated. The effect on the crane braking performance of braking device response lag and artificially lowering working braking force is also analyzed. It is demonstrated that the dual-stage brake system is superior to the single and could improve the windproof ability when working braking force decline.

scholarly journals Principles of formation of a vehicle’s braking system complex diagnostics

2021 ◽  
Vol 332 ◽  
pp. 01018
Author(s):  
Michał Liss ◽  
Roman Zinko ◽  
Oleh Polishchuk ◽  
Marcin Łukasiewicz ◽  
German R. Betancur
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Brake System ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Kinematic Parameters ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Braking System ◽  
Further Development

On-board diagnostics of technical condition of the brake system elements provide control during the inter-control period of operation. The use of ABS requires further development of on-board diagnostic tools based on the development of new diagnostic methods using multilevel structural and effect schemes, primarily in terms of efficiency parameters. Increase of the information content by increasing the number of measured kinematic parameters and improving the algorithms for generating control signals for the brake system actuators showed effectiveness of diagnostics. To implement diagnostics of technical state of the brake system elements on board of a vehicle, a structural diagram of a diagnostic device, which uses telecommunication means of connection with an expert system and a voltage strain gauge in the coupling device of a truck has been proposed. It is advisable to carry out in-depth element-by-element diagnostics under bench conditions, with the maximum possible exclusion of random factors affecting the process. To summarize all information about the state of the vehicle's braking system, it is necessary to use an expert system.

Tem analysis of multiple-energy arsenic implanted and Rta'd silicon

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 246-247
Author(s):  
R.A. Herring
Keyword(s):  
Device Fabrication ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
Defect Clusters ◽  
High Fluences ◽  
Small Defect ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Factor Type

Rapid thermal annealing (RTA) of ion-implanted Si is important for device fabrication. The defect structures of 2.5, 4.0, and 6.0 MeV As-implanted silicon irradiated to fluences of 2E14, 4E14, and 6E14, respectively, have been analyzed by electron diffraction both before and after RTA at 1100°C for 10 seconds. At such high fluences and energies the implanted As ions change the Si from crystalline to amorphous. Three distinct amorphous regions emerge due to the three implantation energies used (Fig. 1). The amorphous regions are separated from each other by crystalline Si (marked L1, L2, and L3 in Fig. 1) which contains a high concentration of small defect clusters. The small defect clusters were similar to what had been determined earlier as being amorphous zones since their contrast was principally of the structure-factor type that arises due to the difference in extinction distance between the matrix and damage regions.

Changes in Platelet Aggregability after Ovariectomy

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (04) ◽  
pp. 1332-1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroh Yamazaki ◽  
Takeshi Motomiya ◽  
Minoru Sonoda ◽  
Noboru Miyagawa
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Ovarian Hormones ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Platelet Aggregability ◽  
Appearance Rate ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Induced Aggregation ◽  
Observation Period

SummaryChanges in platelets in 48 patients with uterine myoma before and after hysterectomy with and without ovariectomy were examined. Bilateral ovariectomy in 25 cases (ovariec-tomized group) and unilateral or non-ovariectomy in 23 cases (control group) were performed at the hysterectomy. Platelet count and an appearance rate of secondary aggregation decreased at one day after and increased at one week after the operation, similarly in both the ovariectomized and the control group. The appearance rate of secondary aggregation was reflected in an intensity of aggregation at 5 min after the addition of reagent to PRP. At one month after the operation, the appearance rate of secondary aggregation induced by 3 μM ADP showed a statistically significant decrease in comparison with the preoperation value (P <0.05) and the enhancement of 5-min aggregation was still observed in the control group, while ceased in the ovariectomized group. The difference between the two groups was significant (P < 0.05). There was almost no change in the speed and intensity of primary and secondary aggregation during the observation period. No significant differences in collagen-induced aggregation were noted between the two groups. The results suggest that ovarian hormones, mainly estrogen, facilitate platelet activation which is mediated by the so-called secondary aggregation.

PENGARUH TERAPI TERTAWA TERHADAP PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH LANSIA DI UPT PANTI WREDHA BUDHI DHARMA YOGYAKARTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niken Setyaningrum ◽  
Andri Setyorini ◽  
Fachruddin Tri Fitrianta
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Comparison ◽  
Control Blood Pressure ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACTBackground: Hypertension is one of the most common diseases, because this disease is suffered byboth men and women, as well as adults and young people. Treatment of hypertension does not onlyrely on medications from the doctor or regulate diet alone, but it is also important to make our bodyalways relaxed. Laughter can help to control blood pressure by reducing endocrine stress andcreating a relaxed condition to deal with relaxation.Objective: The general objective of the study was to determine the effect of laughter therapy ondecreasing elderly blood pressure in UPT Panti Wredha Budhi Dharma Yogyakarta.Methods: The design used in this study is a pre-experimental design study with one group pre-posttestresearch design where there is no control group (comparison). The population in this study wereelderly aged over> 60 years at 55 UPT Panti Wredha Budhi Dharma Yogyakarta. The method oftaking in this study uses total sampling. The sample in this study were 55 elderly. Data analysis wasused to determine the difference in blood pressure before and after laughing therapy with a ratio datascale that was using Pairs T-TestResult: There is an effect of laughing therapy on blood pressure in the elderly at UPT Panti WredhaBudhi Dharma Yogyakarta marked with a significant value of 0.000 (P <0.05)

Klein with Lacan: A Study on the Reception of Lacanian Ideas in Uruguay and Its Effects on Clinical Practices (1955–82)

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-361
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Grau-Pérez ◽  
J. Guillermo Milán
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Material ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Discursive Approach ◽  
The Way ◽  
Clinical Cases

In Uruguay, Lacanian ideas arrived in the 1960s, into a context of Kleinian hegemony. Adopting a discursive approach, this study researched the initial reception of these ideas and its effects on clinical practices. We gathered a corpus of discursive data from clinical cases and theoretical-doctrinal articles (from the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s). In order to examine the effects of Lacanian ideas, we analysed the difference in the way of interpreting the clinical material before and after Lacan's reception. The results of this research illuminate some epistemological problems of psychoanalysis, especially the relationship between theory and clinical practice.

FRACTIONAL DETERMINATIONS OF URINARY 17-KETOSTEROIDS IN HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM

1962 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pentti A. Järvinen ◽  
Sykkö Pesonen ◽  
Pirkko Väänänen
Keyword(s):  
Hyperemesis Gravidarum ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Daily Urine ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACT The fractional determination of 17-ketosteroids in the daily urine was performed in nine cases of hyperemesis gravidarum and in four control cases, in the first trimester of pregnancy both before and after corticotrophin administration. The excretion of total 17-KS is similar in the two groups. Only in the hyperemesis group does the excretion of total 17-KS increase significantly after corticotrophin administration. The fractional determination reveals no difference between the two groups of patients with regard to the values of the fractions U (unidentified 17-KS), A (androsterone) and Rest (11-oxygenated 17-KS). The excretion of dehydroepiandrosterone is significantly higher in the hyperemesis group than in the control group. The excretion of androstanolone seems to be lower in the hyperemesis group than in the control group, but the difference is not statistically significant. The differences in the correlation between dehydroepiandrosterone and androstanolone in the two groups is significant. The high excretion of dehydroepiandrosterone and low excretion of androstanolone in cases of hyperemesis gravidarum is a sign of adrenal dysfunction.

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