scholarly journals TRANSFORMATION OF INNOVATIVE SYSTEMS OF RAILWAY TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALIZATION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Obruch
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Innovative Environment ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The Impact

The article examines transformational trends characteristic of the current stage of development of subjects of the transport and logistics sector, in particular enterprises of the railway transport. It is established that digital innovations are now considered as a key factor for successful adaptation of entities to new business conditions, the introduction of which in the activities of enterprises contributes to the optimization of processes, sustainable development of business entities and the establishment of their effective communication with stakeholders. It is emphasized that the acceleration of technological progress and the reduction of the innovation life cycle requires increasing the pace and, accordingly, the cost of research activities, which in the conditions of limited own resources of the enterprise creates the need to find new approaches to the organization of innovation activities and involve other economic entities in the innovation process. The article analyzes the current state and trends in the development of railway transport enterprises, the peculiarities of the impact of digitalization on changing the principles of their management and transforming the innovative environment of railway industry enterprises. It is established that against the background of the development of the digital economy, drastic changes are also taking place in the innovative environment of railway transport enterprises, associated with the large-scale penetration of digital technologies into their activities, the deepening of Global Innovation Partnership and cooperation based on the development of digital ecosystems, the strengthening of cross-functionality and convergence of elements of the innovation system, the transition from mass standardized production to the development of customized products and services. The features of the formation of open and closed innovation systems according to such criteria as the type of innovation environment, features of interaction of subjects of innovation activity, the duration of the innovation cycle, the type of innovation and the role of the consumer in the innovation process are studied. Attention is focused on the expediency of forming open innovative systems at railway transport enterprises, which are characterized by the use of not only their own, but also external ideas, technologies, ways to enter the market, etc.

FEATURES OF ACCOUNTING AND ANALYTICAL SUPPORT FOR ENTREPRENEURIAL RISK MANAGEMENT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruslan Skrynkovskyy ◽  
◽  
Oleh Kramar ◽  
Khrystyna Zamula ◽  
Vasyl Khmyz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Development Trends ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Risk Management Program ◽  
Industry Affiliation ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities ◽  
The Impact

The article reveals the features of accounting and analytical support for entrepreneurial risk management. It was found that entrepreneurial risk is a certain act as a result of which the business entity may suffer losses. It is proved that entrepreneurial risks should be classified according to the specifics of origin, the specifics of the legal settlement, the specifics of industry affiliation, the specifics of the consequences, the specifics of the duration of the impact of entrepreneurial risk, the specifics of the expression of will, the specifics of the form, the specifics of the level of typicality, the specifics of the level of validity, the specifics of the possibility of assessing and resolving the impact, the specifics of the possibility of insuring entrepreneurial risks, the specifics of the occurrence of entrepreneurial risks by sources of origin, the specifics of the scale of the impact, the specifics of the level of losses and the specifics of character. It is established that the process of entrepreneurial risk management is the process of managing the activities of the business entity as a whole and its individual parts, and takes into account the management of not only existing risks but also potential entrepreneurial risks in space and time, that may occur in the future during entrepreneurial activities. It is determined that the process of entrepreneurial risk management should take into account the stage of preparation and implementation of appropriate measures to reduce the risk as a result of making erroneous decisions by business entities, the stage of reducing the impact of possible negative consequences that may occur, especially, if the entity operates in unexpected changes and alarming development trends, as well the stage of development and implementation of the Declaration on Risk Management and the Risk Management Program. It is established that the important information on which it is possible to estimate possibility of occurrence of entrepreneurial risks, is the accounting reporting. In the perspective of further research, it is recommended to study entrepreneurial risks in Ukraine in the context of such aspects as causes, consequences and management.

scholarly journals APPROACH TO MEASUREMENT AND PRACTICE OF EVALUATING AN INNOVATIVE POTENTIAL OF REGIONAL SYSTEMS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2018 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Анна Сазонова ◽  
Anna Sazonova
Keyword(s):  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Organizational System ◽  
Technology Industry ◽  
Innovation Potential ◽  
Technological Structure ◽  
Innovative System ◽  
Innovative Potential ◽  
Definition Of

The national innovation system is one of the main mechanisms for restructuring the Russian economy. The implementation of innovations, the active development of the science and technology industry creates the necessary conditions and prerequisites for the transition of the economy to its new technological structure, providing an innovative type of economic growth. In recent years, the literature has developed many approaches to the definition of the concept of “innovative potential”. Some authors consider this category as a set of resources and capabilities of the system to create and implement innovations. Others define innovative potential as a measure of the region’s readiness to create and promote innovations. The third group of authors treats innovation potential as a result of innovation activity, identifying in some way the concept of “innovation potential” and “innovation process”. This article discusses approaches to the definition of a comprehensive indicator of innovative potential. The assessment methods considered in this article allow to determine the level of innovative potential of an organizational system, to perform a comparative analysis of systems according to a generalized indicator of innovative potential and its components, and also to develop programs for the development of organizational systems taking into account the effective use of innovative system capabilities.

scholarly journals MEGATRENDS OF DEVELOPMENT OF GLOBAL INNOVATION NETWORKS

2018 ◽  
pp. 93-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Rylach
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Innovation Networks ◽  
National Innovation Systems ◽  
Global Innovation

Under the megatrend, we mean large-scale technological, economic, social, political changes that occur slowly, but in the long run, when they are rooted, they substantially and permanently affect most of the processes in society. Such relative stability in the trajectory of the main forces of change can predict some elements of medium and long-term future changes. The article investigates such megatrends of the development of global innovation networks as the structural nature of the global innovation system, the development of systemic interconnections in the field of innovation, the interaction of national innovation systems and global, the internationalization of innovation activity, and the paradigm of "open innovation". The methodological principles and structural elements of the concept of the national innovation system are determined in the paper, the connection of national innovation systems with the phenomenon of internationalization of the innovation sphere is explored. The theoretical principles of the phenomenon of internationalization of innovation activity are investigated, as well as the preconditions for the emergence of the concept of "open innovation" and its current trends have been established. The concept of open innovation is an important precondition for the emergence and functioning of global innovation networks. The paper analyzes the genesis and specificity of the phenomenon of global innovation networks, outlines their structure and dynamics. It has been determined that global innovation networks play an important role in the development of the modern world economy, as they stimulate international cooperation in the innovation sphere, transfer of knowledge to the world economy and general scientific and technological development and growth of world production.

scholarly journals The impact of innovations on the efficiency of animal husbandry in Lviv region

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (97) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
K. Hirniak
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Process ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Livestock Industry ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Method Of Evaluation ◽  
The Impact

Domestic agricultural enterprises do not have a high level of innovation activity, however, stable and competitive operation of an agricultural enterprise is impossible without its innovative activity. Stabilization of the situation in the agricultural sector with the current level of competition and constant technological variables, the innovative vector of development is the driving component of economic growth. Activation of innovation of domestic agricultural enterprises is one of the important prerequisites for stability and sustainable socio-economic development of the country. Consequently, the effective functioning of the livestock industry is possible only under the conditions of systemic and purposeful innovation aimed at finding a variety of new opportunities provided by the business environment. The innovation process in domestic animal husbandry is clearly aimed at the end result - a certain socio-economic, technical or environmental effects. The efficiency of animal husbandry is determined after the introduction of innovation, calculated by the method of evaluation of investment projects. On the example of Lviv region we analyzed the conditions of innovative activity in animal husbandry, assessed the modern innovative potential of the industry, established the features of its innovation and investment activities. SWOT-analysis is an important component of assessing the position of livestock enterprises in the region. It should be recognized that the innovative activity of livestock enterprises is mainly associated with the final stage of the innovation process – the development of innovations. In 2020, farms of all categories of Lviv region compared to 2019 decreased meat production (sales for slaughter of farm animals in live weight) by 1.6 %, milk – by 4.7 %, eggs – by 0.3 %. cattle on farms of all categories on January 1, 2021 amounted to 144.4 thousand heads (including cows – 86.2 thousand heads), pigs – 346.1 thousand heads, poultry – 10.5 million. heads. Compared to January 1, 2020, the number of poultry increased by 5.7 %, pigs – by 4.1 %, the number of cattle decreased by 8.2 % (including cows – by 8.6 %). Innovative activity of the livestock industry is formed under the influence of the domestic innovation system and has its own specifics, which is caused by the peculiarities of agriculture. Most innovative projects are aimed at introducing innovations that contribute to the intensification of animal husbandry and increase the competitiveness of products. Thus, on the basis of innovative development of animal husbandry it is possible to achieve a significant increase in the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises, which will allow Ukrainian producers to achieve significant results in world markets for agricultural products.

scholarly journals Innovation and Knowledge in Creation of European Union Global Competitiveness and Social Security from Regional Perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Zdzisław W. Puślecki
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Europe 2020 ◽  
Regional Perspective

<em>The main aim of the paper is analysis of the innovation and knowledge in creation of European Union global competitiveness and social security from regional perspective. To the particular goals of the research belong the presentation of the knowledge-based-growth (KBG) theory, the concept of innovation system, the innovation system and innovation process, constructed advantage, the Triple Helix model, Europe 2020 strategy and Innovation Union and Horizon 2020 as the financial instrument implementing the Innovation Union. The important results of the research is the conclusion that in the innovation process also in the European Union very important are the connection between science (universities), market (industry) and government at the regional level. There is positive dependence between innovation activity and effectiveness of the innovation process. The more interaction and cooperation also the creation of enterpreunership it can observe on the regional level than on the state. The new programme of the scientific and innovation research Europe 2020 and Innovation Union are very important factors of the economic growth, social security and global competitiveness of the European Union. The new economic narrative of the European Union is built around three main strands–boosting investments, pursuing structural reforms and fiscal responsibility. </em>

scholarly journals BUSINESS REPUTATION AND ITS IMPACT ON FINANCIAL STABILITY OF BANKS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (54) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria V. Kovalenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Financial Instability ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Banking Business ◽  
The Impact

In the article, the author considers the main aspects of the impact of goodwill on the financial stability of banks. It is substantiated that among the numerous threats that lead to financially unstable development of the banking business, a special place should be given to the support of banks’ business reputation. The main reasons are the phenomena of financial instability caused not only by the cyclical development of the economy, but also the ability to take into account a certain state in which the financial system is able to: effectively allocate resources, assess and manage financial risks, absorb shocks. It is proved that the relationship between business reputation and financial stability is determined by the characteristics of the conceptual apparatus; the system of risks to which they are exposed in the course of their activities; methodical approaches to assessing their level. The author concludes that the key challenges for the banking business in the context of digital transformation should be considered from the standpoint of customer interests, from the standpoint of investors (owners) of the banking business and from the standpoint of the regulator. In today’s realities, when the systemic banking crisis has imposed on a large-scale economic, the decisive factor for success and continued activity in the market is the quality of business reputation. The methods of quantitative assessment of the bank’s business reputation include balance-normative, methods of additional and excess profits, methods of royalties and residual value, the method of rating and comprehensive assessment. It is proved that the level of business reputation is related to the life cycle of banks, which includes the stages of formation, growth, maturity and decline. Measures to ensure business reputation depending on the stage of development of the bank are considered. Both the business reputation and financial stability are affected by the established image of the bank. The article states that a positive image is able to maintain the bank in times of financial instability. It is determined that depending on the group of users (non-financial corporations, households, government agencies or social organizations) the image of the bank should be different and meet all requirements.It is determined that a modern bank is not only an institution of the financial market, but also a financial institution for which social role and reputation in social and economic relations become the primary criteria for ensuring their competitive position.

scholarly journals Approach to the analysis and comparison of national innovation systems on the example of Russia and other countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 434-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yu. Afanasiev ◽  
M. A. Lysenkova
Keyword(s):  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Econometric Modeling ◽  
Regional Innovation Systems ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Country Comparison ◽  
China And Japan ◽  
Innovation Space ◽  
The Impact

Currently, there is a tendency to evaluate the innovation system at the national level. Qualitative inter-country comparison requires quantitative and qualitative assessment of the factors influencing the innovation activity of the region. The purpose of this work was to justify quantitatively the impact of science and business on the innovation activity of the region. International patent applications are selected as an indicator reflecting the result of innovation activity in the region. Statistical hypothesis testing is carried out in this paper. The dependence between the results of innovation activity and innovation space of the region is confirmed by the methods of econometric modeling. The innovation space of the region is described in the work as a set of potential links between business and organizations that create new knowledge. The study used the official statistics of the regions of such countries as Russia, Switzerland, USA, China and Japan. Estimates of parameters of national and regional innovation systems of the Russian Federation, Switzerland, the USA, China and Japan are received by methods of econometric modeling. It is shown that the assessment of elasticity and technical efficiency of the innovation space of the region indicate the development of the innovation system. In the considered time range it is established that the Pareto-optimality property is possessed by the parameters of innovation systems of Japan, China and Switzerland. Estimates of the technical efficiency of the innovation space for a total of 190 regions according to 2012, a comparative analysis of the countries on the basis of the estimates. The paper provides a rationale for the use of parametric descriptions of national and regional innovation systems. This description can be used for cross-country comparison of the impact of science and business on the results of innovation activity, clustering of national innovation systems.

scholarly journals Economic content of innovations and the principles of their implementation in agricultural enterprises

2019 ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Khalatur
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Laws Of Nature ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Agricultural Enterprise ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

Subject of research is the economic content of innovation in agriculture. Purpose of the study is to consider the economic essence of innovation, outline the problems of the development of innovative activities of agricultural enterprises. Methods of research. The article uses a set of scientific methods of scientific research. The following research methods were used to write the article: logical generalization - to assess trends in the formation of the economic content of innovations in agricultural enterprises, as well as in the formation of a mechanism for managing the innovative process of an agricultural enterprise; dialectical and historical - in the study of scientific approaches to the formation of the economic content of innovations of the subject of economic activity, the generalization of foreign experience in securing business and the identification of conceptual approaches to taking into account the impact of threats on the innovative activities of the agricultural enterprise. Results of research. Challenges of modern times exert pressure on agriculture: population growth, the effects of climate change, the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in agriculture, economic development and the growing instability associated with land, water and energy shortages. This scenario enhances the critical role of innovation to make agriculture a more competitive and sustainable industry. The article reveals the economic content of innovations as a category of economy and features of the functioning of innovations in agricultural enterprises of Ukraine, as well as the author's definition of the term "innovation". The main features of the innovation process are considered. Application of results. The results of this study can be applied in the practice of financial and economic activity of agricultural enterprises. Conclusions. Our analysis of professional literary sources and the scientific generalization of the existing views on the disclosure of the economic content of the term "innovation" have allowed us to state that, first, there is no conventional interpretation that would cover its most significant qualitative characteristics, and secondly, the main discussions of this issues focus mainly on three conceptual directions. Determining the specific features of bringing innovation to the consumer, it is customary to talk about innovation activity or innovation process as a process of transforming knowledge into innovation, passing the following stages: "science - technology - production - consumption". So the basic condition for the effective functioning of agricultural production is the expanded reproduction that occurs in the interaction of economic and natural-biological processes. Therefore, in the management of innovations need to take into account the requirements not only economic laws, but also the laws of nature: equivalence, indispensability and a combination of life factors, laws of minimum, optimum and maximum.

scholarly journals Economic and Mathematical Modeling of the Direct Effects of Large-Scale Infrastructure Projects on Developing Territories

2019 ◽  
pp. 78-89
Author(s):  
Olga Patrakeeva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Infrastructure Projects ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Krasnodar Krai ◽  
The Impact

The problem of assessing the effects of infrastructure projects for territories is debatable. Modeling experience has been accumulated today, and elaborated macroeconomic models allow to identify causal relationships between the indicators of transport development and economic growth. The goal of this article is to define a simulation model of assessing the impact of transport projects on the economic growth of Krasnodar Krai exemplified by the Crimean Bridge project. The solution of this scientific problem requires taking into account different factors and complicated interrelationships within the framework of the regional social and economic system under consideration, using methods of system analysis and tools of economic and mathematical simulation. The simulation model reflects the scenario parameters of the capital management policy, highway transport freight turnover, highway transport freight turnover directly connected with the construction of Kerch Straight Bridge, carriage of goods by railway transport, carriage of goods by railway transport directly connected with the construction of Kerch Straight Bridge. The interrelations of this model’s parameters are established by the econometrics methods. In accordance with the produced scenarios the expected median values of the additional increment of the Krasnodar Krai GRP due to the increment of transportation associated with the Crimean Bridge operation are in the range between 0.97 % and 1.1 %. The most conservative scenario presumes the median value of 0.97 % and lower limit of 0.8 %. This tool can be used to assess the direct effect of railway and road construction for other Russian regions. The proposed simulation model will be further expanded by including further distribution functions of scenario variables and additional structural relationships.

scholarly journals The Impact of Covid-19 on the Development of Various Business Sectors

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-326
Author(s):  
Sunarmin Sunarmin ◽  
Ahmad Junaidi ◽  
Endah Fantini
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
Business World ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The Government ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The Impact

Outbreaks of the new corona virus or Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) are increasingly felt in the domestic economy, especially in terms of consumption, corporate, financial sector, and Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The existence of Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) that has been declared by the government most of the activities involving the public are restricted, such as offices or offices that are closed, restrictions on religious activities and restrictions on public transportation. The business world has not been separated from the shadows of the Corona Covid-19 pandemic. Instead of diminishing, some countries have confirmed that they will experience a second wave of pandemic that began in Wuhan, China. The purpose of this study is to find out whether the impact of Covid-19 will have a widespread effect on business entities and the sustainability of business entities. This research is a descriptive study, using the literature method where research is conducted by studying and collecting data from libraries related to tools, both in the form of journals and scientific studies of research that has been published in public journals. The results of the study concluded that the impact on Covid-19 had a significant influence on the development of the business world. The biggest influences occur in the mall/supermarket, hospitality, manufacturing and various businesses related to the use of mass labor. In this study, not many scientific writers have focused on examining the impact of this 19 on the business world in general. Although the fact in the field of influence of Covid-19 is clearly seen the fact in the life of the wider community due to many businesses limit / lay off and even deduct workers' income from the value of income received.

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