scholarly journals Potential of the physical and chemical characteristics of prickly pear (Opuntia albicarpa Seheinvar var. Villanueva) seeds in agroindustrial processes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica de Jesús Álvarez-Castillo ◽  
Erich Dietmar Rössel Kipping ◽  
Hipólito Ortiz Laurel ◽  
Laura Araceli López-Martínez ◽  
Alejandro Amante-Orozco
Keyword(s):  
Internal Friction ◽  
Electric Conductivity ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
External Friction ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Friction Performance ◽  
Prickly Pears ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Objective: To verify the physical attributes and assess the chemical quality from prickly pear’s seeds (Opuntia albicarpa Seheinvar cv. Villanueva), including seeds´ size, internal friction, external friction, performance for size reduction, sieving and electric conductivity, soluble protein, total protein, phosphorous, carbohydrates, amount of oil and minerals. Design/methodology/approach: To verify and compare the physical attributes and chemical parameters using proved and reliable techniques, to explore their impacts on its future potential, when seeds are intended to agro-industrial processes, considering; its size and quality of space storage and their effect when interacting with handling apparatus and the material they are manufactured with. Results: Selected groups of 100 seeds from four consecutive prickly pears harvests had no differences. While for their chemical analysis, seeds were milled and their revised chemical compounds showed differences between harvest, therefore, drought, management and crop protection significantly affect those attributes. The factors were not included in this study. Limitations on study/implications: Prickly pears are harvested for 4 months per year. This reduces the availability of raw material from other varieties and from other regions, to expand this study and to compare between diverse parameters. Findings/conclusions: There were not significant differences in seed size (wide, large, thickness), external friction and electric conductivity; therefore, handling equipment does not need specifications. While, for the internal friction and all chemical compounds analyzed from seeds´ flour, significate differences were quantified. The latter means that, it is adequate to homogenize these parameters by using other compounds in the agrifood processes.

INNOVATIONS EQUIPMENT FOR DETERMINING CAPILLARITY OF FIBROUS MATERIALS FOR CLOTHES

2019 ◽  
pp. 388-394
Author(s):  
Sergei Pryvalа ◽  
Valeriy Pryvala ◽  
Anna Malovanа
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
World Market ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Fibrous Materials ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
The Past ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
The World ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Modern textile materials entering the world market do not always correspond to those physical, mechanical and hygienic characteristics, which are indicated in the corresponding accompanying documentation. This creates considerable difficulties in the manufacture of sewing products of various purposes and, most importantly, affects their final quality and service life. In this regard, there is a need for a comprehensive check of modern textile materials to meet the necessary level of their operational properties. For example, one of the most important indicators of hygiene of textile materials is their ability to interact with liquids, such as water or its chemical compounds. Analysis of literary sources showed that the least technically secured is the technique of studying the capillarity of materials, that is, their ability to raise the liquid with fibers at a certain height. This is due to the fact that the specified physical and chemical process is difficult to study, because it is associated with many indicators of materials: the type of their interweaving, thickness, raw material content, the size of fibers, the type of decoration, etc. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of existing techniques and techniques for the study of capillarity over the past 30 years. In particular, existing and projected special devices are considered, the basis of which is the principle of interaction of the experimental material and the column of liquid. In addition, contemporary developments of the Ukrainian scientists in this area are proposed for consideration, the achievements of which have been confirmed by their patentability and official acts of tests.

scholarly journals ECOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF GELAM (Melaleuca cajuputi) ON PEATLAND IN SOUTH KALIMANTAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. S77-S79
Author(s):  
Yudi Firmanul Arifin ◽  
Siti Hamidah ◽  
Yulian Firmana Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Field Survey ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Ecological Analysis ◽  
Swamp Forest ◽  
Peat Swamp Forest ◽  
Peat Swamp ◽  
Ecological Aspects ◽  
Melaleuca Cajuputi ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Physic Analysis

Until now the raw material of wood especially Gelam (Melaleuca cajuputi) for supporting the construction of housing and other infrastructures is increasingly demand in Indonesia. On the Island of Borneo that partly consists of peat swamps needs Gelam very large and continuous, particularly for residential development. Ecological aspects are very important for supporting the silvicultural strategies. The aim of this study is to analyze ecological aspects which are very influence especially physical and chemical soil properties and microclimate as well. The utilization of study is to determine the silvicultural strategies for continuing production and conservation of Gelam in the future. The method was used a field survey around Gelam forest and did collecting samples and measuring there. The results showed in South Borneo the potency of Gelam is only 2,9-7,1 m3/ha and decreasing yearly. Normally Gelam with a diameter <4 cm have been cut down, as well as > 30 cm. Gelam can grow on the peat swamp forest where the soil was low pH 3.5-3.9. Most of pH of soil in these areas was influenced by phyrite (FeS2 of 0.4-2.2% and highest of Fe 90-302 ppm. C organic in the soil was included low-moderate 5.5-10.0%. Result of soil physic analysis showed composition of sand, dust, and clay of 9 : 54 : 57 % respectively. Temperature and humidity around peat swamp forest areas where was found Gelam were 31-33oC and 63-73% respectively. Most of areas around Gelam were grown Gelam Tikus (Syzygium inophylla) and some kind of shrubs.Key words: Gelam, potency, ecological aspects, silviculture

scholarly journals Evaluation of yield quality and weed infestation of common valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.) in dependence on weed control method and forecrop.

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cezary Kwiatkowski
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Wheat Field ◽  
Protection Method ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Positive Effect

A field experiment involving the cultivation of common valerian was conducted on loess soil in Abramów (Lublin region) in the period 2007-2009. Qualitative parameters of herbal raw material obtained from this plant as well as in-crop weed infestation were evaluated depending on the protection method and forecrop. Hand-weeded plots, in which a hand hoe was used, were the control. In the other treatments, weeds were controlled using various herbicides and a mechanical implement (brush weeder). Potato and winter wheat + field pea cover crop were the forecrops for common valerian crops. A hypothesis was made that the use of a brush weeder and herbicides not registered for application in valerian crops would have a positive effect on this plant's productivity and weed infestation in its crops. It was also assumed that the introduction of a cover crop would allow the elimination of differences in the forecrop value of the crop stands in question. The best quantitative and qualitative parameters of common valerian raw material as well as the largest reduction of incrop weed infestation were recorded after the application of the herbicides which were not type approved. The use of the brush weeder in the interrows also had a beneficial effect on productivity of the plant in question, but secondary weed infestation at the end of the growing season of common valerian turned out to be its disadvantage. Traditional crop protection methods used in common valerian crops were less effective in weed infestation reduction and they resulted in lower plant productivity and raw material quality. Potato proved to be a better forecrop for common valerian than winter wheat + field pea; however, this positive effect was not confirmed statistically. The following annual weeds: <i>Chenopodium album</i>, <i>Galinsoga parviflora</i>, <i>Stellaria media</i>, were predominant in the common valerian crop. Traditional weed control methods resulted in the dominance of some dicotyledonous weeds, such as <i>Viola arvensis</i>, <i>Galium aparine</i>, <i>Capsella bursa-pastoris</i>.

scholarly journals Soil Attributes Using Different Agricultural Use Systems in the Rio Grande do Norte Semiarid, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
Ana Karenina Fernandes de Sousa Ribeiro ◽  
Jeane Cruz Portela ◽  
Rafael Oliveira Batista ◽  
Carolina Malala Martins Souza ◽  
Joseane Dunga da Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Salinity ◽  
Clay Fraction ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Plasticity Limit ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The semiarid region is extremely fragile to anthropogenic actions. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the physical and chemical attributes of soils with different agricultural uses. The research was carried out in the municipality of Governador Dix-Sept Rosado. Fertility and physical analyses were performed. The results were interpreted by multivariate analysis. The soils that presented a eutrophic character were influenced by lithology. In the Cambissolo (Haplustepts), there was an increase in the limits of liquidity and plasticity due to the increase of the clay fraction and total organic carbon. By the particle size analysis, the profiles presented variations in textural classes. We concluded that the physical attributes moisture, liquidity limit, plasticity limit, clay plasticity index, thin sand and the chemical attributes pH, (H + Al), V and PST were the most sensitive for the distinction of environments. The studied areas presented acidity reactions to alkalinity with presence of Al3+, (H + Al) and high salinity.

scholarly journals Development of Immediate Release Tablets Containing Calcium Lactate Synthetized from Black Sea Mussel Shells

Marine Drugs ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Magdalena Mititelu ◽  
Elena Moroșan ◽  
Anca Cecilia Nicoară ◽  
Ana Andreea Secăreanu ◽  
Adina Magdalena Musuc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Immediate Release ◽  
Calcium Lactate ◽  
Calcium Source ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Mussel Shells ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
By Products

Nowadays, the use of marine by-products as precursor materials has gained great interest in the extraction and production of chemical compounds with suitable properties and possible pharmaceutical applications. The present paper presents the development of a new immediate release tablet containing calcium lactate obtained from Black Sea mussel shells. Compared with other calcium salts, calcium lactate has good solubility and bioavailability. In the pharmaceutical preparations, calcium lactate was extensively utilized as a calcium source for preventing and treating calcium deficiencies. The physical and chemical characteristics of synthesized calcium lactate were evaluated using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis and thermal analysis. Further, the various pharmacotechnical properties of the calcium lactate obtained from mussel shells were determined in comparison with an industrial used direct compressible Calcium lactate DC (PURACAL®). The obtained results suggest that mussel shell by-products are suitable for the development of chemical compounds with potential applications in the pharmaceutical domain.

scholarly journals Chemical Compounds and Decomposition Process from Four Species Leaf Litter As a Source of Organic Matter Soil in Anggori Education Forest, Manokwari

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
Aditya Rahmadaniarti ◽  
Wolfram Y. Mofu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Litter Quality ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Decomposition Process ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Polyphenol Content ◽  
Simple Change ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Decomposition is a simple change of physical and chemical processes by soil microorganisms—the rate of decomposition process influenced by climate and litter quality factors. Litter content of chemical compounds is essential to determine the litter's quality so that it can be estimated the decomposition process. Leaves litter of Magnolia tsiampacca, Intsia bijuga, Cinnamomum cullilawan, and Aglaia sp., were collected and analyzed for their chemical compounds. Based on lignin and nitrogen content (L/N) value, Cinnamomum cullilawan have the fastest decomposition process. On the contrary, Intsia bijuga has low litter quality, so that has the slowest decomposition process. However, it has the lowest lignin content and high polyphenol content. Our research found that four observed species were able to be used as sources of soil organic matter, although the litter quality is relatively low.

scholarly journals Effect of fermentation time on the content of bioactive compounds with cosmetic and dermatological properties in Kombucha Yerba Mate extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Ziemlewska ◽  
Zofia Nizioł-Łukaszewska ◽  
Tomasz Bujak ◽  
Martyna Zagórska-Dziok ◽  
Magdalena Wójciak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucuronic Acid ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Yerba Mate ◽  
Cosmetic Products ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Active Chemical ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Fibroblast Cell Lines

AbstractKombucha is a beverage made by fermenting sugared tea using a symbiotic culture of bacteria belonging to the genus Acetobacter, Gluconobacter, and the yeasts of the genus Saccharomyces along with glucuronic acid, which has health-promoting properties. The paper presents the evaluation of ferments as a potential cosmetic raw material obtained from Yerba Mate after different fermentation times with the addition of Kombucha. Fermented and unfermented extracts were compared in terms of chemical composition and biological activity. The antioxidant potential of obtained ferments was analyzed by evaluating the scavenging of external and intracellular free radicals. Cytotoxicity was determined on keratinocyte and fibroblast cell lines, resulting in significant increase in cell viability for the ferments. The ferments, especially after 14 and 21 days of fermentation showed strong ability to inhibit (about 40% for F21) the activity of lipoxygenase, collagenase and elastase enzymes and long‐lasting hydration after their application on the skin. Moreover, active chemical compounds, including phenolic acids, xanthines and flavonoids were identified by HPLC/ESI–MS. The results showed that both the analyzed Yerba Mate extract and the ferments obtained with Kombucha may be valuable ingredients in cosmetic products.

scholarly journals Studies on Integrated Nutrient Management of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata l.): A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 148-154
Author(s):  
Bimesh Dahal
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Integrated Nutrient Management ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
The Status ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Physical And Chemical

There are many management methods for nutrient which can be specifically applied in farming systems. Integrated nutrient management (INM) generally denotes the combined use of organic and chemical fertilizers for producing crops in a sustainable manner and to maintain soil fertility as well as to supply nutrient in appropriate amount which consider social, ecological and economic impacts. This paper shows the importance and need of INM in agriculture production. Also, the relation of INM and yield attributes are analyzed and evaluated including growth and physical attributes of cowpea. The status of nutrient uptake by plant is also described along with other physical and chemical properties of soil. Finally, this paper also describes about the biofertilizer and its relation, impact and effect on crop production which can be used as a improved technology with the combination of other nutrient management practices.

scholarly journals Nori Level of Preference with Mixed Sargassum sp. and Eucheuma spinosum Seaweed as Raw Material

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdurrahman Faris ◽  
Evi Liviawaty ◽  
Yuli Andriani ◽  
Eddy Affrianto
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Biological Resources ◽  
Research Level ◽  
Physical Testing ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Crude Fibre Content

This research aimed to obtain the best nori from a mixture of Sargassum sp and Eucheuma spinosum seaweed and the most preferred by panellists. The research's method used in this study is an experimental method with 3 treatments comparing the seaweed between Sargassum sp. and Eucheuma spinosum that is 1:1, 2:1, 3:1 then tests that used are hedonic test with 20 semi-trained panellists who have experience in organoleptic assessment as replications, physical and chemical tests were also tested for the best treatment according to hedonic test. This research was conducted at the Fisheries Product Processing Technology Laboratory of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, while the chemical and physical testing of the final results of the research was conducted at the Laboratory of Biological Resources and Biotechnology at LPPM Institut Pertanian Bogor. This research was conducted on February 28, 2019, until March 8, 2019. Based on the results of the research level of preference of nori, it was found that all treatments carried out were still acceptable to the panellists, but the treatment with a ratio of 1: 1 was more preferred by panellists. Chemical characteristics of the Sargassum sp. and Eucheuma spinosum, namely water content contained in the amount of 15.67%, crude fibre content of 11.7% and physical characteristics of the hardness of 300.78 gf, also thickness with nori 0.347 mm.

scholarly journals Identification of carotenoid pigments of pumpkin grown in the South of Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 01106
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Rodionova ◽  
Irina Sobol ◽  
Lyudmila Donchenko ◽  
Natalia Limareva
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Carotenoid Pigments ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Time Differential ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The article presents the results of studies of changes in the vitamin composition of pumpkin, grown in the Kuban region. Standard and modern methods of physical and chemical analysis were used in the research. It is shown that the nutritional value of this raw material allows to maintain its nutritional value for a long time. Differential determination of carotenoid pigments contained in pumpkin fruits was carried out. The quantitative characteristics of carotenoids were established and the predominant carotenoid pigments for the studied pumpkin varieties were specified.

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