scholarly journals The Corn Development Strategy in Peat Soil With No Burning and Traditional Methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Selmitri Selmitri ◽  
Erlinda Yurisinthae ◽  
Radian Radian
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
Peat Soils ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Difference Test

The study aims to analyze the differences in the development of corn cultivation in peat soils between no-burning and traditional methods or with burning in Rasau Jaya District, Kubu Raya District. The fact that currently clearing forests is still using burning on agricultural land in general and especially on peat soil that is feared to experience underground burning is difficult to overcome and cause many losses. The development of corn on land without burning on peat soil is a solution for the community in maintaining ecosystem sustainability. The explanatory research is directed at testing hypotheses and following research objectives. Data collection by interview and questionnaire to 60 respondents were corn farmers on peat soil. The average difference test is used in explaining the difference in yield between the two methods of planting on peat soil. The results found that there were significant differences in the application of corn cultivation on peat soil without burning compared to the traditional method on the variables fertilizer, pesticide, business costs, and yields. In contrast, the planting area variable had no significant difference.

scholarly journals Effect of dengue hemorrhagic fever on thrombomodulin level

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 259
Author(s):  
Hendra Widjaja ◽  
Max F. J. Mantik
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Difference Test

Background Thrombocyte and endothelial cells play animportant role in dengue hemorrhagic fever pathogenesis.Thrombomodulin is a part of glycoprotein membrane inendothelial cells. Therefore, thrombomodulin level willincrease if endothelial cells disruption occurs.Objective To acknowledge the correlation between thedegree of dengue hemorrhagic fever and thrombomodulinlevel.Methods This was a cross-sectional study. Subjects werehospitalized pediatric patients with age ranging from oneto 13 year old in pediatric ward at Pro£ Dr. R.D. KandouHospital, Manado, who had fever. Three milliliters of bloodwere taken from vein, and were divided for two tests whichwere routine blood analysis and thrombomodulin analysis.Different data resulted from the dengue hemorrhagic fevergroup were processed, and analyzed statistically using F Testand LSD (least significant difference) test. The relationbetween dengue hemorrhagic fever and thrombomodulinwas analyzed with Spearman correlation coefficient.Results There was a significant result in the difference ofthrombomodulin level on four dengue hemorrhagic fevergroups which were classified according to the severity ofdengue hemorrhagic fever. There was a very significantpositive correlation between the severity of denguehemorrhagic fever and thrombomodulin level in detectingendothelial cells impairment.Conclusion Thrombomodulin level can be used as amarker to detect endothelial cells impairment in denguehemorrhagic fever. Higher grade of dengue hemorrhagicfever will have higher thrombomodulin level.

scholarly journals Potensi dan Pemanfaatan Lahan Gambut Dangkal untuk Pertanian

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Masganti Masganti ◽  
Khairil Anwar ◽  
Maulia Aries Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Decomposition Rate ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Peat Soils ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
The World

<p><strong>Abstrak.</strong> Lahan gambut terbentuk karena adanya penambahan bahan organik segar yang lebih cepat daripada perombakannya, sehingga terjadi timbunan organik dari waktu ke waktu. Gambut Indonesia sangat potensial dimanfaatkan untuk penyediaan bahan pangan. Pemanfaatan lahan gambut yang lebih masif untuk memasok bahan pangan dipicu oleh (1) laju alih fungsi lahan pertanian, (2) pertambahan jumlah penduduk, dan (3) keinginan menjadikan Indonesia sebagai lumbung pangan dunia dunia. Tanah gambut dalam sistem klasifikasi tanah USDA termasuk dalam ordo Histosol. Tanah gambut juga dapat diklasifikasikan berdasarkan tingkat dekomposisi, kesuburan, fisiografi, proses pembentukan, bahan penyusun dan ketebalan gambut. Berdasarkan ketebalan gambut, tanah gambut dengan ketebalan 50-100 cm dikategorikan sebagai gambut dangkal/tipis. Karakteristik dan potensi lahan gambut antaralain ditentukan oleh sifat kimia, fisika dan biologi. Semakin tebal gambut, semakin rendah potensinya untuk budidaya tanaman pangan dan hortikultura. Potensi lahan gambut dangkal/tipis di Indonesia diperkirakan sekitar 5.241.473 ha atau 35,17% dari total luas lahan gambut Indonesia, tersebar di Pulau Papua (2.425.523 ha), Pulau Sumatera (1.767.303 ha), dan Pulau Kalimantan (1.048.611 ha). Lahan tersebut baru sebagian kecil dimanfaatkan petani untuk budidaya tanaman pangan, dan hortikultura dengan produktivitas yang tergolong rendah. Kebakaran lahan gambut dan faktor lainnya menyebabkan terjadinya dinamika luas lahan gambut tipis. Potensi gambut tipis dapat dimanfaatkan untuk budidaya tanaman pangan seperti padi, jagung, dan kedelai, tanaman hortikultura buah-buahan seperti nenas, pisang, pepaya, melon, dan tanaman hortikultura sayuran berupa tomat, pare, mentimun, cabai, kangkung, dan bayam. Kontribusi lahan gambut tipis terhadap produksi tanaman pangan dan hortikultura diperkirakan 50-60% dari total produksi lahan gambut.</p><p><em><strong>Abstract.</strong> Peatlands are formed by continuous addition of fresh organic materials faster than its decomposition, resulted in accumulation of undecomposed organic material from time to time. Indonesia's peatlands are highly potential to be cultivated to produce a variety of foods. The more massive use of peatlands to supply food is triggered by (1) the rate of conversion of agricultural land, (2) population growth, and (3) the desire to feed the world. In the USDA Classification System, peat soils belong to the order of Histosol. Peat soils may also be classified by decomposition rate, fertility, physiography, formation process, constituents and thickness of peat. Based on peat thickness, peat soil with thickness &gt; 50-100 cm is categorized as shallow/thin peat. The characteristics and potentials of peatlands among other areas are determined by chemical, physical and biological characteristics. The thicker the peat, the lower the potential for cultivation of food crops and horticulture. Differences in classification results in differences in peat characteristics such as chemical, physical and biological properties. The potential of shallow peatlands in Indonesia is estimated at 5,241,473 ha or about 35.17% of Indonesia's total peatland area, spread over Papua (2,425,523 ha), Sumatra (1,767,303 ha) and Kalimantan (1,048.611 ha). Only a small proportion of shallow peatlands are used by farmers for cultivation of food crops and horticulture, but the productivity is low. Peatland fires and other factors have led to dynamics of widespread of shallow peatland. Shallow peatlands can be utilized for cultivation of food crops such as rice, corn, and soybeans, horticultural crops such as pineapple, banana, papaya, melon, and vegetable horticultural crops such as tomatoes, pare, cucumber, chilli, kale, and spinach. The contribution of shallow peatlands to the production of food crops and horticulture is estimated to be 50-60% of the total peatland production.</em></p>

IMPACT OF OIL POLLUTION ON TOXICITY LEVEL OF PEAT SOILS

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
Леднев ◽  
Andrey Lednev ◽  
Скворцова ◽  
Irina Skvortsova
Keyword(s):  
Oil Content ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Paramecium Caudatum ◽  
Peat Soils ◽  
Luminescent Bacteria ◽  
Udmurt Republic ◽  
Test Objects

Based on the data of the laboratory experiment it was found, that the greatest impact of oil pollution has had on test objects Paramecium caudatum and lyophilized luminescent bacteria “Ekolyum”. They recorded the appearance of toxic effects by increasing the oil content in peat soils above the level of 3035 milligram per kilogram. Thus, the oil content equal to 3035 milligram per kilogram (3.0 gramm per kilogram) may be recommended as a standard acceptable residual oil and petroleum products in the peat soils of land for forestry purposes to the conditions of the Udmurt Republic. We recommend use the norm equal to the 2.0 gramm per kilogramm of peat soil for agricultural land. When conducting toxicology tests, it is necessary to take into account that uncontaminated peat also has a certain toxic effect on some test objects (Paramecium caudatum).

Effect of Probiotic Yogurt and Xylitol-Containing Chewing Gums on Salivary S Mutans Count

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elnaz Ghasemi ◽  
Romina Mazaheri ◽  
Arezoo Tahmourespour
Keyword(s):  
Test Results ◽  
Gastrointestinal Health ◽  
Probiotic Yogurt ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Chewing Gums ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Difference Test

Background and Aims: In addition to improving gastrointestinal health and intestinal microflora, probiotic bacteria have been recently suggested to decrease cariogenic agents in the oral cavity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of probiotic yogurt and xylitol-containing chewing gums on reducing salivary Streptococcus mutans levels. Study design: This randomized clinical trial recruited 50 female students with over 105 colony forming units S. mutans per milliliter of their saliva. The participants were randomly allocated to two equal groups to receive either probiotic yogurt containing Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 andBifidobacteriumbifidum ATCC 29521 (200 g daily) or xylitol-containing chewing gums (two gums three times daily after each meal; total xylitol content: 5.58 g daily) for three weeks. At baseline and one day, two weeks, and four weeks after the interventions, saliva samples were cultured on mitis-salivarius-bacitracin agar and salivary S. mutans counts were determined. Data were analyzed with independent t-tests, analysis of variance, and Fisher's least significant difference test. Results: In both groups, S. mutans counts on the first day, second week, and fourth weeks after the intervention were significantly lower than baseline values (P &lt; 0.05). The greatest level of reduction in both groups was observed in the second week after the intervention. Moreover, although the reduction was greater in probiotic yogurt consumers, the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Probiotic yogurt and xylitol-containing chewing gums seem to be as effective in reduction of salivary S. mutans levels. Their constant long-term consumption is thus recommended to prevent caries.

scholarly journals Perbedaan peningkatan jumlah mikronukleus antara mukosa gingiva dan mukosa bukal akibat paparan radiografi panoramik digital

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Shintia Olvya ◽  
Isti Rahayu Suryani ◽  
Rurie Ratna Shantiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Buccal Mucosa ◽  
Panoramic Radiography ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Digital Panoramic Radiography ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Gingival Mucosa

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in the number of micronuclei between the gingival mucosa and the buccal mucosa due to exposure to digital panoramic radiography. Material and Methods: This study used 10 healthy individuals aged 18-25 years. Exfoliated epithelial cell samples from the gingival and buccal mucosa were taken from the patient on the 10th day after exposure to digital panoramic radiography. The coloring method used is Feulgen-Rossenbeck. Results: The micronucleus calculation was performed by the method of assessing 1000 cells per slide using a binuclear light microscope with a magnification of 400x. The results of the analysis by unpaired T test showed that the difference in the increase in the number of micronuclei was statistically significant (p <0.05). The average difference in the increase in the number of micronuclei was 3.5 ± 0.767. There is a significant difference in the increase in the number of micronuclei between the gingival mucosa and the buccal mucosa due to exposure to digital panoramic radiography with an increase in the number of micronucleus in the buccal mucosa higher than the gingival mucosa. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that digital panoramic radiography can cause genotoxic effects on the gingival and buccal mucosa. Digital panoramic radiography is used if needed.  

scholarly journals Pengaruh model collaborative learning terhadap peningkatan motivasi dan hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas IV SD

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Ika Dewi Primadiati ◽  
Djukri Djukri
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Learning ◽  
Control Design ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Difference Test ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Group 1 ◽  
Motivation And Achievement

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengaruh penerapan model collaborative learning terhadap motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA SD Negeri se-Gugus I Caturtunggal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuasi eksperimen dengan rancangan pretest-posttest control design. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model collaborative learning berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar  dan motivasi siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA daripada menggunakan model cooperative script. Hasil analisis uji beda hasil belajar siswa antara kelompok kontrol dengan kelompok eksperimen 1 diperoleh perbedaan rata-rata sebesar 4,51. Hasil analisis uji beda motivasi belajar siswa antara kelompok kontrol dengan kelompok eksperimen diperoleh perbedaan rata-rata sebesar 4,76. Hasil analisis uji beda hasil belajar siswa antara kelompok kontrol dengan kelompok eksperimen 2 diperoleh perbedaan rata-rata sebesar 1,19. Hasil analisis uji beda motivasi belajar siswa antara kelompok kontrol dengan kelompok eksperimen 2 diperoleh perbedaan rata-rata sebesar 2,68. Hasil penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model collaborative learning dapat digunakan siswa pada pembelajaran IPA SD untuk meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa.Kata Kunci: collaborative learning, motivasi, dan hasil belajar The effects of collaborative learning model on increasing student’s motivation and achievement of the fourth grade of elementary schoolAbstractThis research aimed to describe the effects of collaborative learning model to increase motivation and achievement of the fourth grade students of Elementary School se-Gugus I Caturtunggal. This research was a quasi-experimental study using the pretest-posttest control design. The results of the research show that the model of collaborative learning has more positive and significant effects on the increasing of student’s motivation and achievement on  science subjects than using a cooperative script model. The analysis results show a different increasing of student’s motivation and achievement between the control group and the experimental group 1, with the difference in average of 4.5. The results of the analysis of student’s learning motivation difference test between the control group and experimental group 1 with the average difference of 4.76. The analysis results show a different increasing of student’s motivation and achievement between the control group and the experimental group 2 with the difference in average of 1.19. The results of the analysis of student’s learning motivation difference test bet ween the control group and experimental group 1 with the average difference of 2.68. From the results of the research it can be concluded that the application of the model of collaborative learning can be used in the sciece learning process for elementary schools to enhance students motivation and achievement.Keywords: collaborative learning, learning motivation, and learning achievement

scholarly journals Ethanol Extract of Pseudo-stem Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citrates) and Basil Leaves (Ocimum sanctum) Increase Bactrocera (Diptera: Tephritidae) Fruit Fly Catches

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 369
Author(s):  
Angelina Putri Ayu Lestari ◽  
I Putu Artayasa ◽  
Prapti Sedijani
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Fruit Flies ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Difference Test ◽  
Honest Significant Difference Test

The tropical climate in Indonesia supports the presence of many types of plants that have the potential to produce abundant vegetables and fruit, however the presence of fruit flies is an obstacle to fruit and vegetable productivity. Lemongrass and basil have been studied to contain several compounds that have the potential to control fruit fly attacks. This study aims to determine the effect of the ethanol extract of lemongrass pseudo stem (Cymbopogon citrates) and basil (Ocimum sanctum) leaves on the catch of Bactrocera fruit flies and to determine the concentration of the extract that has the highest number of catches. The method used in sampling was factorial randomized block design (RBD). The ethanol extract of the pseudo-lemongrass, the extract of basil leaves or the mixture of both extract (1:1) that was given at concentrations of 15%, 30% and 45% was dropped onto a piece of cotton and for then be put within a trap before placing on the tree. The cathes obtained from each extract at each concentration were observed if they show a significant difference in the number of fruit fly. Data were tested using analysis of variance (F test) at α = 0.05, followed by the Honest Significant Difference test (HSD). The results showed that the catch obtained from ethanol extract of lemongrass pseudo stem or from basil leaf ectract as well as  from their mixture had a significantly higher number of Bactrocera fruit flies than without using these extracts. The difference in extract concentration did not cause a difference in the ability to attract fruit flies. The conclusion of this study is that there is an effect of the  pseudo stem ethanol extract of lemongrass or basil leaf ectract as well as their mixture on the catch of Bactrocera fruit flies and these extract are recommended as non-synthetic pesticidesalternatives.

scholarly journals Difference in the salivary pH before and after consumption of vitamin C lozenge on preclinical student of Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nirmala Trihasmana Sopannata ◽  
Edeh Roletta Haroen ◽  
Tuty Sutini Richata
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Paired T Test

Introduction: Vitamin C lozenge can increase pH saliva. Increasing saliva pH is cause saliva works as a buffer that can neutralize the acidity of vitamin C. The purpose of this research was to find  the difference saliva pH before and after sucking vitamin C tablet. Methods: The research was carried out with quasi-experiment, using purposive sampling method and Paired t Test. This research was conducted on 30 students of the Faculty of Dentistry of Padjadjaran University, ranging 18-23 years of age. The research was carried out by measuring salivary pH before and after sucking vitamin C tablet. Results: Research result indicates that the average difference of salivary pH after sucking vitamin C tablet is 0.42 with standard deviation ±0,189. From statistic results   T calc 12,282 > T table 2,05  Ho is rejected, H1 is accepted. Conclusion: The research conclusion shows that there is a significant difference on saliva pH before and after sucking  vitamin C tablet lozenge on preclinical student of Faculty of Dentistry Padjadjaran University.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN KOMPOS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL STROBERI ORGANIK DI KOTA TOMOHON

EUGENIA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M.J. Supit ◽  
Y. E.B. Kamagi ◽  
W. Kumolontang
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Difference Test

ABSTRACT  Study on compost utilization to support organic strawberry production in Tomohon has been performed to promote the use of compost (mixture of chicken manure and rice husk) in organic strawberry and to determine the compost dosage producing highest strawberry yield. Completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 (four) replicates  has been performed to apply various compost levels, namely 60 t/ha (SPo), 60 t/ha (SP1), 120 t/ha (SP2), 180 t/ha (SP3), and 240 t/ha (SP4). Data analysis has been conducted by means of analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Least Significant Difference Test.  The results revealed the significant yield differences among treatments.  The highest result (28 fruits/ pot having 174.64 gram weight) was found in SP3 compost level (180 t/ha).Key words: compost, agricultural land Rurukan Tomohon, strawberries

scholarly journals Community Behavior in Controlling Aedes aegypti Mosquito Breeding Places before and during the Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 940 (1) ◽  
pp. 012081
Author(s):  
K Ernawati ◽  
R M Farras ◽  
A Zakiyyah ◽  
M Hayu ◽  
A P Salsabila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
Dengue Vector ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Community Behavior ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mosquito Breeding ◽  
Difference Test ◽  
Sampling Approach

Abstract The COVID-19 epidemic has brought more people into their homes, so it is hoped that their behavior towards dengue mosquito nests in their homes will improve. The design of this study was cross-sectional with a consecutive sampling approach in data collection, which was conducted between May 6, 2020 – May 9, 2020, in Indonesia. Data was collected using a questionnaire (google form) which was assessed with ten indicators. Data analysis was carried out by using the average difference test to determine differences in people’s behavior. The analysis results showed no significant difference (p>0.005) with the community’s behavior in controlling the dengue vector before and during the pandemic. Suggestions that need to be made are continuous education about DHF and efforts to prevent transmission by eradicating mosquito nests.

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