Antibacterial, Antiparasitic and Phytochemical Activities of Chenopodium Album (Bathua) Plant Extract

Evaluation of the antimicrobial, antiparasitic and phytochemical potential of medicinal plant Chenopodium album (Bathua) leaves extract was carried out. The plant extracts were prepared by using distilled water and methanol as an extraction solvents. Pure methanolic extract of leaves showed 15 mm against Staphylococcus auerus after 24 hrs. Aqueous extract showed no activity against S. auerus. Similarly in case of S. typhi pure methanolic leaves extract showed 13 mm. While standard discs gentamicin showed (DIZ) 18 mm after 24 hrs, different dilution inhibition zone was maximum in case of 100% pure extract, and decreased with increasing dilution. Minimum DIZ was observed at 25% and no zone at 5% dilution. Anthelmintic activity of crude methanolic extract of C. album leaves were tested, all extracts showed maximum corrected mortality of 100%, aqueous extract showed better antiparasitic activity than methanolic extract. It can be a potential source of therapeutic agent. Further analysis is needed for clinical trial. Phytochemicals screening was carried out which reveals the presence of alkaloids, tannins, phenols and flavonoids in studied plant extract. The nutritional analysis indicated that C. album may be a rich source of carbohydrate. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(2): 417-421, 2021 (June)

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Antipathetic Effect of Euphorbia Hirta on Staphylococcus Aureus

International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology ◽

10.32628/ijsrst18401137 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 21-26

Author(s):

Versha Upadhyay

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Developing Countries ◽

Traditional Medicine ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Traditional Medicines ◽

The World ◽

Plant Compounds

The use of plant compounds to treat infection is an age old practice in a large part of the world, especially in developing countries, where there is depend.ence on traditional medicine for a variety of diseases. Euphorbia sp. are used in traditional medicines. Hypotensive and tonic properties are also reported in E. hirta. The aqueous extract exhibits anxiolytic, analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities. Methanolic extract of leaves have antifungal and antibacterial activities. In this work different concentration shows as 100, 75, 50, 25% and under controlled gave inhibition zone as 9.33, 6.02, 4.48, 3.66 but controlled patriplaite full of microorganism

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Biosynthesis, characterization, and antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoaggregates using aqueous extract from Anacardium occidentale leaf: comparative study of different precursors

Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences ◽

10.1186/s43088-020-00091-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Eric Kwabena Droepenu ◽

Ebenezer Aquisman Asare ◽

Boon Siong Wee ◽

Rafeah Binti Wahi ◽

Frederick Ayertey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Zinc Chloride ◽

Zinc Acetate ◽

Zinc Acetate Dihydrate ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Anacardium Occidentale ◽

Acetate Dihydrate

Abstract Background Various parts of Anacardium occidentale plant possess curative qualities like antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant. Aqueous extract of this plant leaf was used in biosynthesizing zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoaggregates using two precursors of zinc salt (zinc acetate dihydrate [Zn(CH3COO)2∙2H2O] and zinc chloride [ZnCl2]). The synthesized ZnO samples were used in a comparative study to investigate the antibacterial activity against selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative microbes [Staphylococcus aureus, Exiguobacterium aquaticum (Gram +ve) and Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii (Gram −ve)]. The synthesized ZnO nanoaggregates from the two precursors were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) techniques. Results Micrographs of SEM and TEM confirmed nanoparticles agglomerated into aggregates. While spherical nanoaggregates were identified in samples prepared from Zn(CH3COO)2∙2H2O, flake-like structures were identified in samples synthesized from ZnCl2. Particle size determined by TEM was 107.03 ± 1.54 nm and 206.58 ± 1.86 nm for zinc acetate dihydrate and zinc chloride precursors respectively. ZnO nanoaggregate synthesized using zinc acetate as precursor gave higher antibacterial activity than its counterpart, zinc chloride with K. pneumonia recording the highest inhibition zone of 2.08 ± 0.03 mm (67.53%) whereas S. aureus recorded the least inhibition zone of 1.06 ± 0.14 mm (34.75%) for ZnO nanoaggregate from zinc chloride precursor. Also, antibacterial activity increases with increasing concentration of the extract in general. However, A. baumannii, E. aquaticum, and K. pneumoniae did not follow the continuity trend with regards to the 250 ppm and 500 ppm concentrations. Conclusion Biosynthesis of ZnO nanoaggregates using aqueous extract of A. occidentale leaf from zinc acetate dihydrate and zinc chloride as precursors was successful with the formation of nanospheres and nanoflakes. The study suggested that A. occidentale sp. could be an alternative source for the production of ZnO nanoparticles and are efficient antibacterial compounds against both Gram +ve and Gram −ve microbes with its promising effect against infectious bacteria.

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Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using aqueous extract of dried Juglans regia green husk and examination of its biological properties

Green Processing and Synthesis ◽

10.1515/gps-2016-0108 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Zahra Abbasi ◽

Sholeh Feizi ◽

Elham Taghipour ◽

Parinaz Ghadam

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Green Synthesis ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Plant Extract ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Juglans Regia ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Rapid Process

AbstractSilver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have widespread applications. Recently, the synthesis of NPs using plant extract has attracted much attention. In this study, with an easy and rapid process at room temperature, AgNPs were produced by the aqueous extract of dried

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Antibacterial effects of the methanolic extract of Glycine Max (Soybean)

Microbiology Research ◽

10.4081/mr.2017.7319 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Seyede Asma Hosseini Chaleshtori ◽

Mehrdad Ataie Kachoie ◽

Seyed Mojtaba Hashemi Jazi

Keyword(s):

Glycine Max ◽

Infectious Diseases ◽

Growth Inhibition ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Penicillin G ◽

Antibacterial Effects ◽

Antimicrobial Effects ◽

Antibiotic Agents

High occurrence of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria is caused by the use of natural medicinal plants to eliminate risk of infectious diseases. Glycine max is on the most popular and nutritious foods with high antimicrobial effects. The present research was done to study the antibacterial effects of the methanolic extract of G. max against Gram-negative and positive bacteria. G. max seeds of M7 and M9 varieties were purchased and their methanolic extracts were collected. Diameter of the zone of growth inhibition of extracts were measured for pathogenic bacteria using the CLSI guidelines. Antimicrobial effects of G. max extracts were also compared with several antibiotics. Diameter of the inhibition zone of tested bacteria against different treatments of G. max had a ranges of 5.93±0.18 to 22.61±1.80 mm. M7 variety had a higher antimicrobial effects on tested bacteria (P0.05). The highest diameter of the zone of growth inhibition was seen for L. monocytogenes (22.61±1.80 mm) and S. aureus (19.33±1.56 mm). Antimicrobial effects of the methanolic extract of the G. max was also dose-dependent (P0.05). Diameter of the inhibition zone of tested bacteria against different antibiotic agents had a ranges of 5.94±0.38 to 24.95±2.11 mm. Ciprofloxacin, penicillin G tetracycline, gentamicin and azithromycin antibiotic agents exhibited the highest diameter of zone of the growth inhibition for K. pneumoniae (15.71±1.46 mm), L. monocytogenes (23.94±2.03 mm), L. monocytogenes (20.55±1.95 mm), S. aureus (14.27±1.36 mm) and L. monocytogenes (24.95±2.11 mm), respectively. Formulation of antibiotic agent using the 100 mg/mL concentration of the M7 variety of G. max has been recommended for treatment of the cases of infectious diseases

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Screening for antiparasitic activity of crude extracts of Pleurotus highking, a Bangladeshi edible mushroom

Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal ◽

10.3329/bpj.v18i1.23512 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 38-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Md Anwarul Haque ◽

Ashish Kumar Sarker ◽

Ratan Kumar Paul ◽

Sultana Shakila Khan ◽

Md Anwar Ul Islam

Keyword(s):

Methanolic Extract ◽

Edible Mushroom ◽

Pharmaceutical Journal ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Reference Standard ◽

Antiparasitic Activity ◽

Drug Molecules ◽

Percolation Method ◽

And Control ◽

Novel Drug

Compounds obtained from natural sources play significant role to identify various novel drug molecules. This study was designed to investigate parasitic susceptibility of methanolic extract from the Pleurotus highking, an edible mushroom commercially cultivated in Bangladesh against Pheretima posthuma. Extraction was carried out by continuous hot percolation method using methanol as a solvent. Four concentrations (10, 20, 40 and 80 mg/ml) of the extract were used for screening and results were expressed in terms of the time paralysis and death of worms. The extract exhibited promising antiparasitic activity at the concentration of 80 mg/ml. Albendazole and distilled water were used as reference standard and control, respectively. The extract showed its activity in the dose and time dependent manner. This is the first report of the antiparasitic activity of methanolic extract of P. highking.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 18(1): 38-41, 2015

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Allablanckia floribunda hypotensive activity on ethanol induced hypertension in rats

The Journal of Phytopharmacology ◽

10.31254/phyto.2018.7208 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 146-151

Author(s):

Danielle Claude Bilanda ◽

◽

Paul Désiré Djomeni Dzeufiet ◽

Orelien Mtopi Bopda ◽

Pierre Kamtchouing ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Plant Extract ◽

Colorimetric Method ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Hypotensive Activity ◽

Hypertensive Rats ◽

Induced Hypertension

Background: Chronic alcohol intake is related to hypertension. In the present work, we investigated the effect of Allablanckia floribunda Oliver (Clusiaceae) aqueous extract in alcohol-induced hypertensive rats and on related oxidative stress damages. Methods: Alcohol-induced hypertensive rats (AHR) was obtained by oral administration of ethanol (3 g/kg/day during 8 weeks). Blood pressure and heart rate were evaluated using the direct cannulation method. The effects of the extract on lipid profile as well as kidney and liver functions were studied. Free radical scavenging and antioxidant properties of the extract were evaluated by colorimetric method. The effects of A. floribunda were evaluated after 4 weeks of treatment with alcohol. Results: At the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg/day, A. floribunda significantly decreased the mean blood pressure of AHR by 14.06 and 23.25 % respectively. Administration of the plant extract lead to the reduction of total cholesterol by 41.50% and 43.06%, HDL-cholesterol by 22.16 and 30.15% and artherogenic index by 69.78 and 74.43%, respectively at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg, as compared to untreated hypertensive rats. A. floribunda (200 and 400 mg/kg) decrease bilirubine (12.98 and 16.88%), urea (23.32% and 32.26 %), ALT (10.73 and 27.97%) and AST (29.80 and 42.22%) of treated AHR, respectively. The plant extract also reduced superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalase and increased the reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration in aorta, heart, kidney and liver of AHR. Conclusion: These results suggest that the aqueous extract of A. floribunda possesses antioxidant and hypotensive activity in alcohol-induced hypertension

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ANTIMICROBIAL STUDIES OF DIFFERENT EXTRACTS OF HOLOPTELEA INTEGRIFOLIA (ROXB.) LEAVES

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2020.v13i10.39057 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 191-193

Author(s):

REKHA TRIPATHI

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Extract ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal Activity ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

Rhizoctonia Bataticola ◽

Antimicrobial Studies ◽

Almost All ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽

Antifungal Efficacy

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine various extracts of leaves of Holoptelea integrifolia against some test bacteria and test fungi. Methods: Disk diffusion method was adopted for the assessment of antimicrobial activity. Amikacin and nystatin were used as standard drugs for antibacterial and antifungal activity, respectively. Results: The screening data indicated that all four extracts showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, but the growth of this bacteria was inhibited the most by the aqueous extract. In the case of antifungal efficacy, all the extracts inhibited the growth of almost all the test fungi. Petroleum ether and benzene extracts showed maximum efficacy against Aspergillus flavus, whereas methanolic extract and aqueous extract inhibited the growth of Rhizoctonia bataticola significantly. Conclusion: Different extracts of leaves of H. integrifolia were significantly active against selected test fungi and they can be a harmless alternative of expensive conventional medicines.

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Immunomodulatory, Apoptosis Induction and Antitumor Activities of Aqueous and Methanolic Extract of Calvatia Craniiformis in Mice Transfected with Murine Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2018.275 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (7) ◽

pp. 1206-1214

Author(s):

Ghassan Hamdan Jameel ◽

Ali Ibrahim Ali AL-Ezzy ◽

Ibrahim H. Mohammed

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Extract ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Tumour Size ◽

Apoptotic Index ◽

Control Group ◽

Caspase 8 ◽

Tumour Mass ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Methanolic Extracts ◽

Significant Difference

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the Immunomodulatory, apoptosis induction and antitumor effects of aqueous and methanolic extracts of Calvatia craniiformis regarding the size of tumour mass, caspase-8 expression and apoptotic index (AI%) in mice transfected with murine hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (H22) as an experimental therapeutic system for human hepatocellular carcinoma.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-eight Balb/C albino mice were transfected in legs with H22 cells. Tumour size was measured twice a week. Caspase-8 protein expression and apoptotic index determination evaluated by Immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: Tumor size significantly differed between the two groups of mice transfected with H22 cells; the first was treated with C. craniiformis aqueous extract (0.3, 0.6, 1.2) mg/kg and the second group was treated with C. craniiformis methanolic extract (0.25, 0.5, 1.0) mg/kg compared with control group. The inhibitory activity of aqueous and methanolic extracts was dose and duration dependent. The size of the tumour mass was reduced up to 87.9% when treated with 1.2 mg/kg aqueous extract and 1 mg/kg for methanolic extract. Caspase-8 expression was increased in a dose-dependent manner among H22 bearing mice treated with C. craniiformis aqueous extract (0.3, 0.6, 1.2) mg/kg. At 0.3 mg/kg, the intensity of expression was strong in (33.33%) and very strong in (66.67%). While at 0.6 mg/kg and 1.2 mg/kg the intensity of expression was strong in (33.33%) and very strong in (100%) with a significant difference (P ≤ 0.001). H22 bearing mice treated with (0.25, 0.5, 1.0) mg/kg C. craniiformis methanolic extract shows increased caspase-8 expression in a dose-dependent manner. At 0.25 mg/kg, the intensity of expression was strong in (33.33%) and very strong in (66.67%). While at 0.5 mg/kg, the intensity of expression was strong in (33.33%) and very strong in (100%). At 1.0 mg/kg, the intensity of expression was strong in (16.67%) and very strong in (83.33%) with significant difference (P ≤ 0.001). AI% of H22 bearing mice treated with C. craniiformis aqueous and methanolic extracts were significantly increased (P ≤ 0.05) compared with the untreated control group. No significant difference was reported in AI% between aqueous and methanolic extracts treated groups.CONCLUSIONS: Extracts of C. craniiformis were highly efficient in tumour growth inhibition, causing a reduction in the tumour size clinically and increase the expression of caspase-8 gene product in tumour tissue, causing increase apoptotic index of H22 cells taken from the legs of inoculated mice leading to loss of legs due to bone necrosis. Antitumor activity of C. craniiformis aqueous, and the methanolic extract was dose and duration dependent.

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