scholarly journals Prevalence and isolation frequency of pathogenic strains responsible for some infections in Bechar’s community (Southwest of Algeria): About 1458 cases.

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-413
Author(s):  
Elhassan Benyagoub ◽  
S Mohamed Benchaib ◽  
Abdelmadjid Zaalan ◽  
Farah Bendada
Keyword(s):  
Medical Science ◽  
Nipple Discharge ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Isolation Frequency ◽  
Microbial Infections

Background: The microbial infections represent a real public health problem with considerable individual and economical consequences. Their surveillance has become, in recent decades, an essential element of any program to control these infections. Aim: In this study, we estimated the prevalence and frequencies of some microbial infections amongst the Bechar’s community (Algeria). Methods: The microbiological analyzes of various pathological samples namely : urine and vaginal discharge, pus, nipple discharge, originally sampled from throat, otitis discharge and effusion liquid, have been carried out in the medical analysis laboratory of Bechar for seven months. Results: The obtained results showed that out of 1458 samples, 506 cases were positive (34.7 %), for some infections, there is a relationship correlation between the infections’ frequency and their prevalence with the age and gender of patients, as factors; which the female gender presents 74.7 % of positive cases, a sex-ratio less than 1; besides, the most affected population is aged between 25 and 39 years old. The isolated microbial species, which are the most incriminated agents responsible for the studied infections, were mainly Escherichia coli with an isolation frequency of 87.15 %, followed by coagulase-positive Staphylococci CoPS (5.13 %), Streptococcus sp (3.16 %), fungal species Candida albicans (1.58 %), Coagulase-negative Staphylococci Co NS (1.18 %). However, less than 2 % of infectious agents were recorded for the bacterial strains P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae and Enterococcus sp. Conclusion : This study can provide a platform for an effective prevention strategy and can be useful for epidemiological prediction with a decision-making. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(3) 2020 p.404-413

scholarly journals Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Ocular Bacterial Strains Isolated from Pediatric Patients in University Hospital of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Naples, Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Francesco Petrillo ◽  
Veronica Folliero ◽  
Biagio Santella ◽  
Gianluigi Franci ◽  
Francesco Foglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Eye Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

Eye infections caused by bacteria are a serious public health problem among pediatric patients. These diseases, if not properly treated, can cause blindness and impaired vision. The study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance profiles of the main pathogens involved in eye infections. This study involved pediatric patients enrolled at the “Luigi Vanvitelli” University Hospital of Campania in Naples, Italy, between 2017 and 2019. Of a total of 228 pediatric patients, 73 (32%) tested positive for bacterial infection. In terms of strain distribution, 85% were Gram-positive bacteria, while 15% were Gram-negative bacteria. The most frequently isolated strains were coagulase-negative Staphylococci (60.4%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (16.4%). The isolated bacteria showed a significant percentage of resistance to multiple antibiotics. Therefore, the identification of the causal bacteria and antimicrobial sensitivity tests are mandatory to select the effective drug for the treatment of eye infections and prevent the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

Attitudes Toward Intimate Partner Violence Against Women in the European Union: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Gracia ◽  
Marisol Lila ◽  
Faraj A. Santirso
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Partner Violence Against Women ◽  
The Eu

Abstract. Attitudes toward intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) are increasingly recognized as central to understanding of this major social and public health problem, and guide the development of more effective prevention efforts. However, to date this area of research is underdeveloped in western societies, and in particular in the EU. The present study aims to provide a systematic review of quantitative studies addressing attitudes toward IPVAW conducted in the EU. The review was conducted through Web of Science, PsychINFO, Medline, EMBASE, PUBMED, and the Cochrane Library, in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. This review aimed to identify empirical studies conducted in the EU, published in English in peer-reviewed journals from 2000 to 2018, and analyzing attitudes toward IPVAW. A total of 62 of 176 eligible articles were selected according to inclusion criteria. Four sets of attitudes toward IPVAW were identified as the main focus of the studies: legitimation, acceptability, attitudes toward intervention, and perceived severity. Four main research themes regarding attitudes toward IPVAW emerged: correlates of attitudes, attitudes as predictors, validation of scales, and attitude change interventions. Although interest in this research area has been growing in recent years, the systematic review revealed important gaps in current knowledge on attitudes toward IPVAW in the EU that limits its potential to inform public policy. The review outlines directions for future study and suggests that to better inform policy making, these future research efforts would benefit from an EU-level perspective.

scholarly journals Assessment of Ambivalent Sexism in University Students in Colombia and Spain: A Comparative Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1009
Author(s):  
Aura Yolima Rodríguez-Burbano ◽  
Isabel Cepeda ◽  
Ana Magdalena Vargas-Martínez ◽  
Rocío De-Diego-Cordero
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Ambivalent Sexism ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Legal Responsibility ◽  
Social Boundaries ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
The University

(1) Background: Gender-based violence has no geographical, personal, or social boundaries. It constitutes a serious public health problem that affects the entire society. This research aims to identify and compare the level of ambivalent sexism in Spanish and Colombian university students and its relationship with sociodemographic factors. Ambivalent sexism, developed by Glick and Fiske (1996), is considered a new type of sexism since, for the first time, it combines negative and positive feelings that give rise to hostile and benevolent sexism, maintaining the subordination of women through punishment and rewards. (2) Methods: The methodology consisted of the application of the validated Spanish version of the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI) to a sample of 374 students in their final academic year of the Law program, of which 21.7% were students at the University of Santander (Bucaramanga, Colombia), 45.5% at the University Rey Juan Carlos (Madrid, Spain), and the remaining 32.9% at the University of Seville (Seville, Spain). (3) Results: A high level of ambivalent sexism is reported in Colombian students nowadays. In the two countries. there are similarities (e.g., the great weight of religion and the variation in attitudes towards sexism in people who identify themselves as women, compared to male or students consulted that prefer not to answer) and differences (e.g., absence in Colombia of gender-specific legislation, low number of students who have received gender education in Spain). (4) Conclusions: These findings may contribute to the construction of laws that take into account the particular problems of women and the development of educational programs on gender that are offered in a transversal and permanent way and that take into account cultural factors and equity between men and women as an essential element in the training of future judges who have the legal responsibility to protect those who report gender violence.

scholarly journals Culturable bacteria associated with Anopheles darlingi and their paratransgenesis potential

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elerson Matos Rocha ◽  
Osvaldo Marinotti ◽  
Deidre Machado Serrão ◽  
Laura Viana Correa ◽  
Ricardo de Melo Katak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Culturable Bacteria ◽  
Anopheles Darlingi ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Microbiological Techniques

Abstract Background Malaria remains a major public health problem in South America, mostly in the Amazon region. Among newly proposed ways of controlling malaria transmission to humans, paratransgenesis is a promising alternative. Paratransgenesis aims to inhibit the development of parasites within the vector through the action of genetically modified bacteria. The first step towards successful paratransgenesis in the Amazon is the identification of Anopheles darlingi symbiotic bacteria, which are transmitted vertically among mosquitoes, and are not pathogenic to humans. Methods Culturable bacteria associated with An. darlingi and their breeding sites were isolated by conventional microbiological techniques. Isolated strains were transformed with a GFP expressing plasmid, pSPT-1-GFP, and reintroduced in mosquitoes by feeding. Their survival and persistence in the next generation was assessed by the isolation of fluorescent bacteria from eggs, larvae, pupae and adult homogenates. Results A total of 179 bacterial strains were isolated from samples from two locations, Coari and Manaus. The predominant genera identified in this study were Acinetobacter, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Serratia, Bacillus, Elizabethkingia, Stenotrophomonas and Pantoea. Two isolated strains, Serratia-Adu40 and Pantoea-Ovo3, were successfully transformed with the pSPT-1-GFP plasmid and expressed GFP. The fluorescent bacteria fed to adult females were transferred to their eggs, which persisted in larvae and throughout metamorphosis, and were detected in adult mosquitoes of the next generation. Conclusion Serratia-Adu40 and Pantoea-Ovo3 are promising candidates for paratransgenesis in An. darlingi. Further research is needed to determine if these bacteria are vertically transferred in nature.

scholarly journals Cystamine attenuated behavioral deficiency via increasing the expression of BDNF and activating PI3K/Akt signaling in 2,5-hexanedione intoxicated rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuo Wang ◽  
Xianjie Li ◽  
Ming Li ◽  
Lulu Jiang ◽  
Hua Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Akt Signaling ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Effective Prevention

Organic solvent-induced neurodegeneration is a severe public health problem which has no effective prevention measures yet.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the roles of HIV co-infection and socio-demographic factors as determinants of Quality of Life among Nigerians with Tuberculosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Peter J Olagunju ◽  
Olukemi O Odukoya ◽  
Andrew T Olagunju ◽  
Mobolanle R Balogun
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
Physical Aspect ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
World Health Organization Quality ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Tuberculosis [TB] remains a major global public health problem, and particularly in resource-restricted settings with disproportionately high burden. This study is aimed at assessing quality of life [QoL] and the roles of HIV co-infection along with socio-demographic factors on QoL among subjects with TB.Methodology: This is a multi-center cross-sectional study among 440 participants recruited by multi-stage sampling technique across 40 Directly Observed Treatment Short-course [DOTS] centres. Interviews were done using designed questionnaire to collect information on socio-demographic and clinical details of respondents. Subsequently, the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF [WHOQOL-BREF] questionnaire was used to evaluate QoL.Results: Most (61.1%) of the participants was aged between 21 and 40 years, 61.6% were married and 74.5% had a paid job. Majority of the subjects reported fair QoL across all domains. Employment status and monthly income were significantly associated with participants overall QoL and their satisfaction with health (p<0.05). Also, age, gender, marital status, ethnicity and educational status were significantly associated with the social domain of QoL. The HIV co-infection was found to be significantly associated with the physical aspect of their QoL (p<0.05).Conclusion: Optimal treatment of HIV co-infection and incorporation of psychosocial medicine into TB management are indicated for improved QoL. Similarly, routine assessment of QoL is desirable.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(1) 2018 p.21-29

Towards Prevention and Early Recognition of Stroke: The Australian Context

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-230
Author(s):  
Evrim G. March
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Stroke Prevention ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Australian Context ◽  
The Status ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Policies And Programs

AbstractStroke is a preventable disease leading to physical, cognitive and emotional disability. Its high prevalence and poor outcome shifts this disease from the clinical, medical realm to a significant public health problem. This article provides an overview of the problem, and the status of stroke prevention in the Australian context. To achieve this, it first examines the recent Australian surveillance data on stroke, identifying the at-risk groups. It then argues for targeted stroke prevention, assesses relevant policies and programs in the international and Australian contexts, and briefly reviews approaches for increased awareness and recognition of stroke symptoms. The article concludes by emphasising the need to account for the at-risk-groups when developing targeted health promotion campaigns for effective prevention of stroke in Australia.

scholarly journals Performance of the Visual Analogue Scale of Happiness and of the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia in the Tremembé Epidemiological Study, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina G. César ◽  
Sonia M.D. Brucki ◽  
Leonel T. Takada ◽  
Luiz Fernando C. Nascimento ◽  
Camila M.S. Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
The City

Depression is a major growing public health problem. Many population studies have found a significant relationship between depression and the presence of cognitive disorders. OBJECTIVE: To establish the correlation between the Visual Analogue Scale of Happiness and the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia in the population aged 60 years or over in the city of Tremembé, state of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: An epidemiological survey involving home visits was carried out in the city of Tremembé. The sample was randomly selected by drawing 20% of the population aged 60 years or older from each of the city's census sectors. In this single-phase study, the assessment included clinical history, physical and neurological examination, cognitive evaluation, and application of both the Cornell Scale and the Analogue Scale of Happiness for psychiatric symptoms. The presence of depressive symptoms was defined as scores greater than or equal to 8 points on the Cornell Scale. RESULTS: A total of 623 subjects were evaluated and of these 251 (40.3%) had clinically significant depressive symptoms on the Cornell Scale, with a significant association with female gender (p<0.001) and with lower education (p=0.012). One hundred and thirty-six participants (21.8%) chose the unhappiness faces, with a significant association with age (p<0.001), female gender (p=0.020) and low socioeconomic status (p=0.012). Although there was a statistically significant association on the correlation test, the correlation was not high (rho=0.47). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of depressive symptoms was high in this sample and the Visual Analogue Scale of Happiness and Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia should not be used as similar alternatives for evaluating the presence of depressive symptoms, at least in populations with low educational level.

scholarly journals Advances in Antarctic Research for Antimicrobial Discovery: A Comprehensive Narrative Review of Bacteria from Antarctic Environments as Potential Sources of Novel Antibiotic Compounds Against Human Pathogens and Microorganisms of Industrial Importance

Antibiotics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kattia Núñez-Montero ◽  
Leticia Barrientos
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Antarctic Bacteria ◽  
Recent Emergence

The recent emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has become a critical public health problem. It is also a concern for industries, since multidrug-resistant microorganisms affect the production of many agricultural and food products of economic importance. Therefore, discovering new antibiotics is crucial for controlling pathogens in both clinical and industrial spheres. Most antibiotics have resulted from bioprospecting in natural environments. Today, however, the chances of making novel discoveries of bioactive molecules from various well-known sources have dramatically diminished. Consequently, unexplored and unique environments have become more likely avenues for discovering novel antimicrobial metabolites from bacteria. Due to their extreme polar environment, Antarctic bacteria in particular have been reported as a potential source for new antimicrobial compounds. We conducted a narrative review of the literature about findings relating to the production of antimicrobial compounds by Antarctic bacteria, showing how bacterial adaptation to extreme Antarctic conditions confers the ability to produce these compounds. We highlighted the diversity of antibiotic-producing Antarctic microorganisms, including the phyla Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes, which has led to the identification of new antibiotic molecules and supports the belief that research on Antarctic bacterial strains has important potential for biotechnology applications, while providing a better understanding of polar ecosystems.

scholarly journals A CRITICAL REVIEW ARTICLE ON PANDU W.S.R. ANAEMIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2144-2150
Author(s):  
Shivam Kumar Nigam ◽  
Rita Singh ◽  
Sanjay Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Medical Science ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Clinical Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Global Public Health Problem

Pandu Roga is one of the diseases mentioned in Ayurveda characterized by the changes in the skin colour to white (Shweta), yellowish (Peeta), greenish (Harita) etc. which is one of the “Varnopalakshita Roga" i.e., a disease characterized by the change in the colour. The clinical condition of Pandu in Ayurveda can be co-related with Anaemia described in Modern Medical Science, due to the resemblance in the clinical signs and symptoms. In Modern Medicine, Pandu is a pale appearance which may be due to the decreased blood supply to the skin or de- creased visibility of oxyhemoglobin. Anaemia is a major global public health problem and the most prevalent nu- tritional deficiency disorder in the world. This article presents the Ayurvedic concept of Pandu Roga (Anaemia). Keywords: Pandu, Vyadhi, Srotas, Anaemia, Pallor,

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document