scholarly journals Phytochemical and Pharmacological Investigations of Uraria lagopodies DC. and Urena lobata L.

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Md Torequl Islam ◽  
Mohammed Ibrahim ◽  
Md Qamrul Ahsan ◽  
M Mohi Uddin Chowdhury ◽  
Md Aslam Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Membrane Stabilization ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Herbal Preparations ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Dose Dependent

Easy availability and reduced side effects of plants and plant-derived herbal preparations are the gifts of nature and are useful since ancient time for the treatment of various diseases. From this view point twoBangladeshi plants, Uraria lagopodies DC. and Urena lobata L. have been evaluated for their possible pharmacological activities. Preliminary phytochemical screenings with the crude ethanol extracts demonstrated the  presence of alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, saponins, steroids and reducing sugars. The crude extract of U. lagopodies significantly (p<0.001) increased the charcoal evacuation by 375 min at 500 mg/kg body weight of mice when  compared to the standard, Loperamide by 391.8 min at 5 mg/kg b.w. In the acetic acid induced analgesic activity test,  the oral administration of ethanol extract of U. lobata produced significant (p<0.05) pain relieving activity (number  of writhing 32) at 500 mg/kg body weight as compared to standard diclofenac-Na. Both the crude extracts showed mild anti-inflammatory and membrane stabilizing activities during the heat induced anti-inflammatory test and  membrane stabilization screening. A dose dependent biological activity was observed during the study period. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v11i1.12490 Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 11(1): 65-69, 2012 (June)

Isolation and Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory activity of Epigallocatechin from Senegalia rugata along with PUFAs

2021 ◽  
pp. 5739-5744
Author(s):  
Mounica Ponugoti ◽  
Siva Prasad Panda ◽  
Umasankar Kulandaivelu ◽  
GSN Koteswara Rao ◽  
Rajasekhar Reddy Alavala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Spectral Studies ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Stabilization Method ◽  
Membrane Stabilization ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Dose Dependent

Senegalia rugata (Lam.) Britton & Rose, Synonym: Acacia concinna (Wild.) DC., Family: Fabaceae is one of the ayurvedic medicinal plant and commonly known as shikakai. The pods of S. rugata are normally used for cleansing of hair naturally due to the presence of higher content of saponins. In this study, we have isolated six compounds consisting of epigallocatechin (monomeric proanthocyanidin) from ethanol extract of S. rugata and a mixture of methyl esters of five polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA): methyl oleate, glyceryl trilinoleate, methyl linoleate methyl eicosenoate and methyl vernolate from petroleum ether extract of S rugata. The structures of the six compounds were elucidated using 1HNMR, 13CNMR and IR spectral studies. Epigallocatechin has shown significant in vitro anti-inflammatory property in a dose-dependent manner using the HRBC membrane stabilization method.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Analgesic, Antipyretic & Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Various Extracts of Dried Fruit of Illicium verum Hook.f (Star anise) in Rodents

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafiza TUSEEF ◽  
Muhammad Liaquat RAZA ◽  
Tahira ASSAD
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Dried Fruit ◽  
Illicium Verum ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Different Doses

The current investigation was designed to evaluate the analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects of various extracts (methanol, ethanol, and aqueous) of dried fruit of Illicium verum hook.f, using 3 different doses (150, 250, and 350 mg/kg p.o) to verify the traditional uses of this spice. In the hot plate model of analgesia, ethanol extract showed a significant reduction in pain in a dose-dependent manner compared to the control group. The maximum effect was observed at 350 mg/kg dosage i.e., 16.90±0.17 s compared to the control group i.e., 5.03±0.05 s. The antipyretic activity was assessed in rats by Brewer’s yeast induction.  The methanol and ethanol extracts produced a significant reduction in rectal temperature compared to the control group throughout the three doses. The maximum effect was observed at 350 mg/kg dosage of ethanol extract i.e., 37.1±0.8* compared to the control i.e., 39.1±0.3. In the paw edema model, methanol and ethanol extracts disclosed a significant reduction in paw edema at 350 mg/kg of dose. The maximum effect was observed at 350 mg/kg dosage of ethanol extract i.e., 0.25±0.23* compared to the control i.e., 0.97±0.4. In a behavioral study, locomotor activity (rearing) and exploratory activity (grooming) in mice was reduced significantly at higher doses (350 mg/kg p.o) involving the three extracts. However, scratching was increased non-significantly at all doses compared to the control group. This study concluded that various extracts of Illicium verum hook.f showed significant analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects at different doses in a dose-dependent manner with varying potencies. The ethanol extract was found to be more potent among all, followed by methanol and aqueous extracts, whereas maximum effects were observed at 350 mg/kg of dose.

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory activity and phytochemical analysis of Moringa oleifera ethanol and acetone leaves extract

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6-s) ◽  
pp. 269-273
Author(s):  
K Padmalochana
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extract ◽  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Membrane Stabilization ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

This present investigation stated that acetone and ethanol extract of M,oleifera leaves was estimated that presence of phytochemical constituents by biochemical test and evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity. The anti-inflammation activity was assessed by calculating inhibition of protein denaturation, proteinase activity and membrane stabilization activity at different concentration of extract. The plant extract highly protective activity against heat induced protein denaturation and the IC50 results values 271.25±2.74 and 304.25±2.33μg/ml, for acetone and ethanol extract respectively. Heat induced haemolysis was 50% inhibited for acetone and ethanol extract at the concentration of 271.43±0.73 and 322.10±1.34 μg/ml, respectively. The membrane stabilization activity (IC50) was assessed by hypotonicity induced haemolysis at a concentration of 216.98±1.84 and 259.65±1.83μg/ml for acetone and ethanol extract, respectively. The results obtained in the present study indicate that ethanol extracts of M.oleifera leaves can be a potential source of anti-inflammatory agents compared than acetone extract and standard drug. Keywords: Antinflammatory, plant extract, phytochemicals

scholarly journals FORMULATION, STABILTY TEST AND ENZYME ACTIVITY TEST TYROSINASE OF CREAM PEPARATIONS FROM HERENDONG FRUIT EXTRACT(Melastoma affine D. Don)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-173
Author(s):  
Zuraida Sagala ◽  
Kurnia Telaumbanua
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Mechanical Test ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Irritation Test ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Tyrosinase Enzyme ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
The Stability

One way to prevent or inhibit melanin formation is by inhibiting tyrosinase activity (Lloyd,2011). Tyrosinase enzyme is an enzyme that plays a role in the formation of skin pigments or known as melanogenesis. In the process of melanogenesis, the enzyme tyrosinase acts as a catalyst in two different reactions, namely the hydroxylation process of tyrosine to dihydroxy-phenylalanine (L-DOPA) and oxidation of L-DOPA to quinone DOPA. Tyrosinase in skin tissue is activated by solar UV radiation so that it accelerates the process of melanin production (Fais et al.  2009).  This  study  was  conducted  to  determine  the  stability,  effectiveness  of  cream preparations from ethanol extracts of Harendong fruit (Melastoma affine D. Don) as tyrosinase enzyme inhibitors so it can be used as a cosmetic ingredient for whitening or skin lightening. Results Cream with variants of Harendong (Melastoma affine D. Don) ethanol extract was physically stable and formulated with organoleptic test, homogeneity, viscosity, mechanical test, pH, cycling test, and irritation test. Type M / A cream preparations from ethanol extract of Harendong fruit (Melastoma affine D. Don) have a strong / moderate tyrosinase enzyme inhibitor activity with IC50 values of F1 (1%) of 526,192 ppm, F2 (1.5%) ) amounted to 317,534 ppm and F3  (2%)  amounted  to  128,523  ppm.  Keywords: Foemulation,  stability test, activity test, tyrosinase enzyme, herenong fruit (Melastoma affine G.Don)

scholarly journals Studies on In-vitro Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Potentials of Annona muricata Leaf Extracts

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-183
Author(s):  
Idorenyin Nwaehujor ◽  
Samuel Akande ◽  
Olubunmi Atolani ◽  
Gabriel Olatunji
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Membrane Stabilization ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Proteinase Inhibition

Inflammation has stimulated significant worldwide scientific interest because of its implication in many human diseases. Most inflammations are caused by reactive oxygen species or free radicals. Annona muricataleaf extracts were investigated for their in-vitroantioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials. Annona muricataleavesweredried at room temperature, blended using a mill.and extracted with solvents of varying degree of polarities. The solventsused were hexane, ethyl acetate,and ethanol. After sequential extraction, the crude extracts were examined for their in-vitroanti-inflammatory activities on lipoxygenase inhibition, proteinase inhibition, albumin denaturation inhibition,and red blood cell membrane stabilization assays,while the antioxidant activities were examined using DPPH, ABTS and hydrogen peroxide assays. The results showed that the ethanol extract had significantlyhigher albumin denaturation inhibition activity at 500 μg/mL (p &lt; 0.01). The activity of all the extracts on proteinase inhibition decreased with the increase in concentration of the extracts. Indomethacin (standard), ethanol extract,and ethyl acetate extract exhibited a dose dependent increase in lipoxygenase activity. The ethanol extract showed highred blood cell membrane stabilization activity at 500 μg/mL and the activity was comparable with that of the standard (diclofenac). Hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity of the extracts and standard (Vitamin C) were comparable at 20 –100 μg/mL. The ethanol extract showed significantly higher(p &lt; 0.01) DPPH radical scavenging activity compared with other extracts. A similar trend was also observed for ABTS radical scavenging activity. Generally,the ethanol extract exhibited higher anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities in most of the assays, this could be attributed to the polar compounds present in the extract.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Takokak (Solanum Torvum) Ethanol Extract in Rats Exposed to 7,12-Dimethylbenz[A]Anthracene (Dmba)

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Nur Rahman ◽  
Sri Anna Marliyati ◽  
Muhammad Rizal Martua Damanik ◽  
Faisal Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Concentration Factor ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Solanum Torvum ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Administration Time ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Takokak fruit (Solanum torvum) is a type of eggplant containing solasodin, solamargin, solasonin and other phytochemicals components with anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of takokak ethanol extract on TNF-α, IL6, and SOD levels.Methods: Experimental factorial study design, with the effect of takokak extract concentration factor (0, 400 and 800 mg/kgBW), takokak extract administration time factor including preventive (weeks 1-7) and curative (weeks 6-12) administration, and necropsy factor (necropsy in weeks 12 and 16). The data obtained included rats body weight, TNF-α, IL-6 and SOD levels.Results: The result showed that the interaction between takokak concentration and handling has significant effect on the increase of TNF-α levels (p=0.003) and the decrease of IL-6 levels (p=0.000). Interaction between takokak concentration, handling and necropsy has significant effect on the increase of SOD levels (p=0.010).Conclusion: Takokak ethanol extract has significant effect on the increase of TNF-α, and SOD levels, and the decrease of IL-6 levels.

Identifikasi Antiinflamasi Partisi Metanol, n-Heksan dan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kemangi (Ocimum Americanum L.) Secara In Vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 820-828
Author(s):  
Annas Pamening ◽  
W Wirasti ◽  
S Slamet ◽  
Urmatul Waznah
Keyword(s):  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Hypotonic Solution ◽  
Stabilization Method ◽  
Membrane Stabilization ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Red Blood Cell Membranes ◽  
Ocimum Americanum

AbstractBasil plant (Ocimum americanum) is efficacious as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity. According to research by Sarma and Babu, 2011, Verma and Kothiyal, 2012 showed basil activity as an antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-diabetic, anthelmintic, antifungal, insecticide, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and lowering total cholesterol and LDL-C levels. The purpose of this study was to determine the stabilization activity of red blood cell membranes on methanol partitioning, n-hexane partitioning and ethanol extract of basil leaves in vitro. This study used the erythrocyte membrane stabilization method from the induction of a hypotonic solution with samples of methanol partitioning, n-hexane partitioning and ethanol extract to be compared with a positive control, namely Na diclofenac. By analyzing the data using UV-Vis spectrophotometry test. These results were supported by the ANOVA statistical test which stated that there was a difference in each treatment and continued with the Tukey test which stated that there was no difference between 100 ppm diclofenac sodium and 400 ppm ethanol extract.Keywords: Extract, Basil (Ocimum americanum) Leaf, In Vitro. AbstrakTumbuhan Kemangi (Ocimum americanum) berkhasiat sebagai aktivitas sebagai anti-inflamasi dan analgesik. Menurut penelitian Sarma dan Babu, 2011.,Verma dan Kothiyal, 2012 menunjukkan aktivitas kemangi sebagai antioksidan, antimikroba, anti diabetes, antihelmintik, antifungi, insektisida, antiinflamasi, analgesic, dan menurunkan kadar total kolesterol dan LDL-C. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui aktivitas stabilisasi membran sel darah merah pada partisi metanol, partisi n-heksan dan ekstrak etanol daun kemangi secara in vitro. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode stabilisasi membran eritrosit dari induksi larutan hipotonik dengan sampel partisi metanol, partisi n-heksan dan ekstrak etanol yang akan dibandingkan dengan kontrol positif yaitu Na diklofenak. Dengan analisis data menggunakan uji spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Hasil ini didukung dengan uji statistik ANOVA yang menyatakan terdapat perbedaan pada setiap perlakuan dan dilanjutkan uji tukey yang menyatakan tidak ada perbedaan pada natrium diklofenak 100 ppm dengan ekstrak etanol konsentrasi 400 ppm.Kata Kunci : Ekstrak, Daun Kemangi (Ocimum americanum), In Vitro.

scholarly journals Genotype selection for phytochemical content and pharmacological activities in ethanol extracts of fifteen types of Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq. leaves using chemometric analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irmanida Batubara ◽  
Komariah Komariah ◽  
Apong Sandrawati ◽  
Waras Nurcholis
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Chemometric Analysis ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Mcf 7

AbstractOrthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq. of the Lamiaceae family, called as kumis kucing in Indonesia, is a valuable medicinal plant for their pharmacological properties. The present study comprised of fifteen genotypes of O. aristatus was undertaken to evaluate the genotypes based on phytochemical content and pharmacological activities of leaves ethanol extract. Chemometric analysis (correlation and principal component analysis) was also used to investigate the genetic variability based on phytochemical content and pharmacological activities of O. aristatus genotypes. Results of phytochemical characterization showed that total phenolic ranged from 1.48 to 36.08 (maximum in A15) mg GAE/g DW, total flavonoid ranged from 0.10 to 3.07 (maximum in A15) mg QE/g DW, sinensetin ranged from 0.36 to 4.02 (maximum in A11) mg/g DW, and rosmarinic acid ranged 0.06 to 7.25 (maximum in A7) mg/g DW. Antioxidant activity was tested using DPPH and FRAP assay. Antioxidant results showed that DPPH ranged from 1.68 to 15.55 (maximum in A15) μmol TE/g DW and FRAP ranged from 0.07 to 1.60 (maximum in A1 and A7) μmol TE/g DW. The genotype A8 showed the highest cytotoxic activities against HeLa (66.25%) and MCF-7 (61.79%) cell lines. Maximum α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was recorded in genotype A2 with the value of 62.84%. The genotypes A1, A2, A7, A11, and A15 were identified as superior based on their phytochemicals content and pharmacological activities coupled with chemometric analysis. This finding is important for breeding studies and also the pharmaceutical perspective of O. aristatus.

scholarly journals In VivoAntiplasmodial and Analgesic Effect of Crude Ethanol Extract ofPiper guineenseLeaf Extract inAlbinoMice

Scientifica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Y. Kabiru ◽  
G. F. Ibikunle ◽  
D. A. Innalegwu ◽  
B. M. Bola ◽  
F. M. Madaki
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Analgesic Efficacy ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Piper Guineense ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Dose Dependent

Antiplasmodial and analgesic effects of crude ethanol extract ofPiper guineensewas investigated in mice. The antiplasmodial and analgesic efficacy of the extract was judged on its ability to reduce parasitemia and writhing, respectively, in mice. The antiplasmodial screening involved treating infected mice with 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg body weight of extract while the positive control group was given standard artesunate drug. The analgesic test was carried out by administering 1000, 1500, and 2000 mg/kg body weight of extract to three groups of healthy mice, respectively, after induction of pain with 0.75% acetic acid. The positive control group was given aspirin drug. Parasitemia was reduced by 28.36%, 43.28%, and 62.69% in a dose-dependent pattern in the curative test which was significantly different (P<0.05) from 96.03% of the standard drug. The reduction of writhing by mice given the extract was also dose-dependent (36.29, 45.43, and 59.07%). Aspirin drug was however more effective (86.36%). The extract was safe at 2000 mg/kg body weight. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, phlobatannins, terpenoids, and coumarins. Result obtained in this study demonstrated the efficacy of ethanol extract ofPiper guineenseas an antiplasmodial and analgesic agent.

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