scholarly journals Impact of Malnutrition and Smoking Habits of Parents on ARI

1970 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-80
Author(s):  
MI Bari ◽  
MI Haque ◽  
AB Siddiqui ◽  
MH Haidary ◽  
MA Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Smoking Habits ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Who Guidelines ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Male Preponderance

Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is one of the leading common causes of death in young children in Bangladesh. Three hundred fifty one patients of ARI below five years of age are selected as per WHO guidelines. Out of 351 patients, one patient died due to very severe pneumonia with severe malnutrition. There was male preponderance in all the age groups and also 41% of male children had recurrent attacks of ARI. In this study, it was statistically proved that malnutrition (p=Q.00028) and smoking habits of parents (p=0.04054) had significant important risk factors on recurrent attacks of ARI. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/taj.v14i2.8390 TAJ 2001; 14(2): 74-77

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Pneumonia in Children– A Community Survey

1970 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-126
Author(s):  
MI Bari ◽  
AB Siddiqui ◽  
T Alam ◽  
A Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Smoking Habits ◽  
Living Room ◽  
Recurrent Attack ◽  
Paternal Education ◽  
Male Preponderance ◽  
History Of

Pneumonia was the leading common cause of death in young children in Bangladesh. 351 patients of Pneumonia below five years of age were selected as per WHO guidelines. Out of 351 patients, one patient died due to very severe pneumonia that had history of low birth weight and malnutrition. The following factors were taken into consideration such as age, sex, low birth weight, feeding pattern, malnutrition, housing, paternal education, ventilation of living room and smoking habits of parents. It was found that below 2 months of age, severe pneumonia showed 50% and there was male preponderance in all age group and also 41.6% of male children had recurrent attack of pneumonia. Low birth weight and lack of breast feeding patient had suffered more frequently of Pneumonia. In this study, it was statistically proved that malnutrition (p=.00028), inadequate paternal education (p=.00007), bad ventilated living room (p=.00037) and also smoking habits of parents (p=.04054) had significant important risk factors of recurrent attack of Pneumonia in children. doi: 10.3329/taj.v20i2.3072 TAJ 2007; 20(2): 122-126

scholarly journals Risk factors for malnutrition in under-five children: one year after the Yogyakarta earthquake

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 327
Author(s):  
Neti Nurani ◽  
Mei Neni Sitaresmi ◽  
Djauhar Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
One Year

Background Malnutrition in children under the age of five remains a major health problem, since half of mortality cases in this age group involve malnutrition. The 2006 earthquake caused destruction of physical, biological and socio-economic environments, potentially leading to malnutrition in Yogyakarta children.Objective To identify the prevalence and risk factors of malnutrition in Yogyakarta children under five years of age, one year after the 2006 earthquake.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study among children aged 0 to 60 months in the Bambanglipuro Subdistrict, Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta from September to October 2007. Nutritional status was determined using weight for height Z-scores, according to the WHO 2006 Child Growth Standards.Results Out of 666 subjects, we found severe malnutrition, undernutrition, normal weight, and overweight status in 1.7%, 4.8%, 88.6% and 4.8%, respectively. By multivariate analysis, risk factors for malnutrition were not having been weighed during the previous three months (OR 0.35; 95% CI 0.1 to 0.8) and having acute respiratory infection in the previous two weeks (OR 1.99; 95% CI 1.1 to 3.8)Conclusion One year following the 2006 earthquake, acute respiratory infection in the previous two weeks and unmonitored growth in the previous three months were risk factors for malnutrition in children under five years.

scholarly journals Early Pediatric Fractures in a Universally Insured Population within the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jared A. Wolfe ◽  
Heather Wolfe ◽  
Amanda Banaag ◽  
Scott Tintle ◽  
Tracey Perez Koehlmoos
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
The United States ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
The Us ◽  
Common Causes

Abstract Background Musculoskeletal injury, including fracture, is one of the most common causes of morbidity in pediatric patients. The purpose of this epidemiologic study is to determine the prevalence and risk factors for fracture in a large cohort of pediatric patients under the age of 5. Results Of the 233,869 patients included in the study, 13,698 fractures were identified in 10,889 patients. The highest annual incidence was in the 4 year old age group with a rate of 24.2 fractures per 1000 children. The annual incidence within all age groups was 11.7 fractures per 1000 children. The two most common fractures were forearm and humerus fractures. Fracture incidence was increased in male children, patients who live outside the US, and in Caucasian patients. An increase in rate of fracture was also identified in children of officers when compared with children of enlisted service members. There were 35 abuse related fractures in our cohort, with 19 of them occurring in children less than 1 year old. Only three children in our cohort had Osteogenesis Imperfecta. Conclusion Fractures are common injuries in young children with an incidence over the first 5 years of life of 5.86%. Multiple risk factors were also identified including age, race, geographic location and socioeconomic status. The results of this study are an important contribution to epidemiologic and public health literature and serve to characterize the incidence of and risk factors for sustaining an early childhood fracture.

scholarly journals Acute Respiratory Infection Among Brick Kiln Worker in Banjarnegara, Indonesia and Its Related Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Setyo Widodo ◽  
Siwi Pramatama Mars Wijayanti ◽  
Agatha Sih Piranti
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Smoking Habits ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Brick Kiln ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Occupational Risk Factors

Background Occupational risk factors are one of the primary causes of acute respiratory infection (ARI). The high incidence of ARI in Banjarnegara Regency due to the process of bricks manufacturing is needed for further investigation. Objectives: This study aims to analyze risk factors such as air quality, tenure, smoking habits, the use of masks, knowledge of ARI incidence. Methods:  This is an analytic study with a cross-sectional design. 342 of brick workers in three villages in Banjarnegara Regency were involved in this study. Air quality examination on dust particles, temperature, humidity, smoke, and air germ numbers was carried out in 15 of the brick kiln. Data about the duration of work, smoking habits, knowledge of ARI, and the use of masks were obtained by a structured questionnaire. Results: This study highlighted that the duration of work was the most influential variable in ARI incidence. Smoking habits and the use of personal protective equipment (mask) while working also correlated with ARI. Conclusion: This study suggested the regular use of a face mask while working to prevent the workers from dangerous pollutants. Periodic medical check-ups for workers and health education are also important prevention to be carried out to reduce ARI incidence.

scholarly journals Outcome of preterm babies and associated risk factors in a hospital

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (180) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Shrestha ◽  
SS Dangol ◽  
M Shrestha ◽  
RPB Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Hyaline Membrane Disease ◽  
Clinical Sepsis ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Hyaline Membrane ◽  
Preterm Babies ◽  
Low Birth Rate

INTRODUCTION: Preterm birth is a major problem associated with maximum perinatal mortality and morbidity in developed and developing countries. The aim of this study is to identify risk factors associated with preterm birth and to study morbidities and mortality. METHODS: A descriptive retrospective study was conducted on 164 cases of preterm babies admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit from January, 2007 to December, 2009 RESULTS: Incidence of preterm birth was 19.5%. Mean birth weight was 1670 +/- 370 grams and mean gestational age was 30.02 +/- 0.37 weeks. Common risk factor associated with preterm birth were inadequate antenatal checkup (52%), maternal age <20 years (34.7%), ante partum hemorrhage (23.4%) and pregnancy induced hypertension (13.1%). Common morbidities were clinical sepsis (66.7%), hyperbilirubinemia (58.8%), birth asphyxia (26.8%) and hyaline membrane disease (23.5%). Overall survival was 79.4% with minimum age of survival of 880 grams. The mortality rate in extremely low birth rate and very low birth rate was 80% and 39.5% respectively. The common causes of death were hyaline membrane disease (64.5%), sepsis (58.06%) and necrotizing enterocolitis (25.8%). CONCLUSIONS: The main risk factors for preterm delivery were inadequate antenatal check up, maternal age <20 years, antepartum hemorrhage and pregnancy induced hypertension. The most common morbidity was clinical sepsis followed by hyperbilirubinemia. Common causes of death were hyaline membrane disease and sepsis.

scholarly journals Analisis Deskriptif ISPA pada Anak dan Balita di Pulau Moti

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 382
Author(s):  
Marhaeni Hasan ◽  
Fera The
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Smoking Habits ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World ◽  
Age Range ◽  
In Infants And Children

Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) continues to be the leading cause of death in infants and children under the age of five throughout the world. ARI is responsible for the deaths of around 3.9 million children worldwide each year. It was reported that around 40% of total deaths from ARI around the world occurred in Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, and Nepal. The results of the 2013 Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) report showed that the prevalence of ARI in Indonesia is still quite high at 25%. The highest prevalence occurred in infants (25.8%) and infants (22%). This study aims to determine the factors that influence the incidence of acute respiratory infections (ARI) in children 0-5 years on Moti Island. This study uses an observational study using a cross-sectional approach. The samples used were 100 people with an age range of 0-5 years. The data used in the form of a questionnaire. The results showed that education occupying the highest percentage was elementary school (SD) graduates, 38%, while the percentage according to employment was as follows, the highest percentage was housewives (83%), the majority of toddlers born weighing over 2500 grams (89%), complete immunization 81%, exclusive breastfeeding has also reached 76%, 81% of these toddlers live in families who have smoking habits, 79% of respondents still use fuel, 80% of parents whose environment around the house is dusty. The conclusion that can be drawn is the risk factors that most influence the incidence of ARI in infants on Moti Island are environmental factors, namely the level of occupancy density, dusty house conditions, the use of firewood as fuel for cooking, and smoking habits of family members in the house.

scholarly journals Gambaran Status Gizi Pasien Tuberkulosis Anak di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chika Aulia Husna ◽  
Finny Fitry Yani ◽  
Machdawaty Masri Masri
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
The Public ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Tuberculosis In Children

AbstrakPrevalensi kejadian tuberkulosis pada anak di Sumatera Barat cukup tinggi, salah satu faktor risikonya adalah status gizi. Anak dengan gizi buruk akan mengakibatkan kekurusan, lemah, dan rentan terserang infeksi tuberkulosis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran status gizi pasien tuberkulosis anak di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang.Telah dilakukan penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan data rekam medik pasien tuberkulosis anak yang terdaftar di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang periode 1 Januari 2013 – 31 Desember 2013 dengan menggunakan metode total sampling, sehingga diperoleh 187 sampel.Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan yaitu tuberkulosis pada anak mayoritas berada di poliklinik anak 64% dengan perbandingan 1,8 : 1. Pasien tuberkulosis pada anak laki – laki dan anak perempuan berjumlah sama di instalasi rawat inap anak 50% dan tidak begitu jauh berbeda di poliklinik anak dengan jumlah pada anak perempuan sedikit lebih banyak 53%. Pasien tuberkulosis anak lebih banyak pada kelompok usia 5 -<14 tahun 44,1% di instalasi rawat inap anak dan 56,3% di poliklinik anak.  Status gizi kurang 57,4% di instalasi rawat inap anak dan 52,1% di poliklinik anak. Kasus tuberkulosis anak masih banyak ditemukan,oleh karena itu diperlukan sosialisasi dan informasi kepada masyarakat akan bahaya tuberkulosis agar dapat menghindarkan diri dari faktor risiko khususnya tentang status gizi.Kata Kunci:tuberkulosis pada anak, status gizi, umur, jenis kelamin AbstractThe prevalence of tuberculosis in children on West Sumatra are quite high, the most of the risk factors is nutritional status. Children with severe malnutrition will lead to emaciation, weak and susceptible infectious tuberculosis. The objective of this study was to identify the nutritional status on children of tuberculosis patients in Dr. M. Djamil Padang hospital. This research is descriptive study using medical records of children with tuberculosis enrolled in Dr. M. Djamil Padang hospital period of January 1st 2013 – December 31th 2013 by using the total sampling method to obtained 187 sampel. The results showed that the majority of tuberculosis in children are in polyclinic 64% with a ratio of 1,8:1. Tuberculosis patients in boys and girls the same number in hospitalization 50% and not so much different in polyclinic with the number of the girls a little more 53%. Patients with tuberculosiswere  more children in the age groups 5-<14 years 44,1% in hospitalizations and 56,3% in polyclinic with malnutrition 57,4% in hospitalizations and 52,1% in polyclinic. In Indonesia, there are still many cases of tuberculosis of children. It need socialization and information to the public about the dangers of tuberculosis in order to avoid the risk factors, especially on nutritional status.Keywords: tuberculosis of children, nutritional status, age, gender

scholarly journals Natural hazard fatalities in Switzerland from 1946 to 2015

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Badoux ◽  
Norina Andres ◽  
Frank Techel ◽  
Christoph Hegg
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Natural Hazard ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Fatal Accidents ◽  
Female Victims ◽  
The Past ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Male To Female

Abstract. A database of fatalities caused by natural hazard processes in Switzerland was compiled for the period between 1946 and 2015. Using information from the Swiss flood and landslide database and the Swiss destructive avalanche database, the data set was extended back in time and more hazard processes were added by conducting an in-depth search of newspaper reports. The new database now covers all natural hazards common in Switzerland categorized into seven process types: flood, landslide, rockfall, lightning, windstorm, avalanche, and other processes (e.g. ice avalanches, earthquakes). Included were all fatal accidents associated with natural hazard processes where victims did not expose themselves to an important danger on purpose or wilfully. The database contains information on 635 natural hazard events causing 1023 fatalities, which corresponds to a mean of 14.6 victims per year. The most common causes of death were snow avalanche (37 %), followed by lightning (16 %), flood (12 %), windstorm (10 %), rockfall (8 %), landslide (7 %) and other processes (9 %). About 50 % of all victims died in one of the 507 single-fatality events; the other half of victims were killed in the 128 multi-fatality events. The number of natural hazard fatalities that occurred annually during our 70-year study period ranged from two to 112 and exhibited a distinct decrease over time. While the number of victims during the first three decades (until 1975) ranged from 191 to 269 per decade, it ranged from 47 to 109 in the four following decades. This overall decrease was mainly driven by a considerable decline in the number of avalanche and lightning fatalities. About 75 % of victims were males in all natural hazard events considered together, and this ratio was roughly maintained in all individual process categories except landslides (lower) and other processes (higher). The ratio of male to female victims was most likely to be balanced when deaths occurred at home (in or near a building), a situation that mainly occurred in association with landslides and avalanches. The average age of victims of natural hazards was 35.9 years, and accordingly, the age groups with the largest number of victims were the 20–29 and 30–39 year-old groups, which in combination represented 34% of all fatalities. It appears that the natural hazard fatality rate in Switzerland during the past 70 years has been relatively low in comparison to rates in other countries or rates of other types of fatal accidents in Switzerland.

scholarly journals Sex differences in the mortality rate for coronavirus disease 2019 compared to other causes of death

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Geldsetzer ◽  
Trasias Mukama ◽  
Nadine K Jawad ◽  
Tim Riffe ◽  
Angela Rogers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Causal Pathways ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Men are more likely than women to die due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This paper sets out to examine whether the magnitude of the sex differences in the COVID-19 mortality rate are unusual when compared to other common causes of death. In doing so, we aim to provide evidence as to whether the causal pathways for the sex differences in the mortality rate of COVID-19 likely differ from those for other causes of death. We found that sex differences in the age-standardized COVID-19 mortality rate were substantially larger than for the age-standardized all-cause mortality rate and most other common causes of death. These differences were especially large in the oldest age groups.

The Coroner's System and Under-Reporting of Suicide

1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
P N Cooper ◽  
C M Milroy
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Self Immolation

This study investigates the under-reporting of suicide with particular reference to differences between sex and age groups and the various modes of suicide. The study was performed retrospectively using the files of H M Coroner for South Yorkshire (West) over the years 1985 to 1991. There were 536 deaths judged on the balance of probability to be suicidal in nature. Only 60 per cent of these deaths received a suicide verdict and would therefore register in official suicide statistics. A significantly smaller proportion of females (51.7 per cent) received a suicide verdict than males (64.5 per cent). Of the young females (<45) 61.7 per cent were given a suicide verdict compared to 46.6 per cent of older females (45+). These differences are explained by different preferences for mode of suicide, in particular for poisoning using solids or liquids. Only 40 per cent of cases within this category received a suicide verdict. Drowning showed an even smaller percentage (24 per cent). Self-immolation (42 per cent) and jumping from a height (51 per cent) were also under-represented. Of these, self-poisoning, drowning and jumping from a height were relatively popular among females. In contrast, common causes of death favoured predominantly by males — hanging and carbon monoxide poisoning — received a high percentage of suicide verdicts (81 per cent and 90 per cent). Thus official suicide statistics produce a distorted view of the suicide population with relative underreporting of females, particularly older females, and marked under-reporting of some causes of death, notably poisoning using solids or liquids, drowning, self-immolation and jumping from a height.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document