FAKTOR RISIKO PENYAKIT FILARIASIS (KAKI GAJAH)

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-114
Author(s):  
Aeda Ernawati
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Wire Mesh ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Mosquito Repellent ◽  
Electronic Journals ◽  
Mosquito Nets ◽  
Community Behavior ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

ENGLISHFilariasis is a chronic infectious disease caused by filarial worms and transmitted through mosquito's bites. Filariasis has a large social and economic impact. The purpose of the paper is to explain the risk factors of filariasis transmission, regarding environmental factors, community behaviour, and socio-economic factors. The study used systematic review method. The data comprised eight studies published in electronic journals. The ORs of those studies were analyzed to determine the strength of the risk factors. The result showed: The environmental factors of filariasis transmission were: (1) The prevalence of mosquito habitat surrounded the house; (2) Ventilation without wire mesh; (3) Hanging good practices; and (4) Poor environmental sanitation. The community behavior factors that increased the filariasis transmission were (1) the habit of going out at night; (2) The use of mosquito repellent; (3) The use of mosquito nets while sleeping; and (4) well-covered clothing practices. Socioeconomic factors related to filariasis risk was occupation. INDONESIAFilariasis adalah penyakit menular menahun yang disebabkan cacing filaria dan ditularkan melalui gigitan nyamuk. Filariasis menimbulkan dampak sosial dan ekonomi yang besar. Tujuan penulisan adalah membahas faktor risiko penularan filariasis berdasarkan faktor lingkungan, perilaku masyarakat, dan sosial ekonomi. Penelitian menggunakan metode systematic review. Data yang digunakan data sekunder berupa hasil penelitian yang dipublikasikan dalam jurnal elektronik sebanyak delapan hasil penelitian. Besarnya risiko dari nilai Odds Ratio (OR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor risiko kejadian penyakit filariasis berdasarkan faktor lingkungan antara lain; (1) Adanya habitat nyamuk di sekitar rumah; (2) ventilasi tanpa kawat kasa; (3) adanya barang-barang bergantung terutama dalam kamar; (4) Sanitasi lingkungan yang buruk. Adapun faktor perilaku masyarakat yang meningkatkan risiko penularan filariasis antara lain; (1) kebiasaan keluar rumah pada malam hari; (2) penggunaan obat nyamuk; (3) tidur tanpa kelambu; (4) kebiasaan memakai baju dan celana panjang saat malam hari. Faktor sosial ekonomi yang berkaitan dengan risiko filariasis adalah jenis pekerjaan.

Bionomic of Anopheles sp. in Merauke District, Papua

SCISCITATIO ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Djoko Rahardjo ◽  
Vinsa Cantya Prakasita ◽  
Marlen Aviati Sarah Pepiana
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Feeding Habit ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Insect Repellent ◽  
Mosquito Repellent ◽  
Mosquito Nets ◽  
Community Behavior ◽  
Habitual Behavior

Malaria is known as an endemic disease that often causes death in Indonesia, especially in Papua. The malaria cases control in Papua has not been carried on based on data studies, therefore bionomic of Anopheles sp is important to be studied. Bionomics data are consisted of breeding places, resting places and feeding habits are from direct observation. Interviews and questionnaires were conducted to gain information about respondent behavior. Descriptive and qualitative data were then analyzed. The breeding places of Anopheles sp. were mostly found in swampy areas. Based on the feeding habit, the feeding activity of Anopheles sp. inside the house has only one biting peak at 23.00-02.00 WIT, while outside the house, biting peaks occurred at 21.00-22.00 WIT and 00.00-01.00 WIT. Resting place data shown that Anopheles sp. mostly found in piles of clothes and shoe racks. Recorded factors that affect mosquitos bionomics are temperature, humidity, salinity, pH, community behavior, and the presence of livestock. Environmental factors (temperature, humidity, salinity, and pH), habitual behavior of host (3M action, the habit of using insect repellent, mosquito repellent, and mosquito nets), the presence of livestock, and the type of bait blood type affect mosquito activity.

scholarly journals Current trend of suicide in Sikkim

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
Satish Rasaily ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Drug Use Disorders ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Made In ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

The State of Sikkim has been witnessing increasing trend in suicide rate in last decade. Studies examining an extent, pattern and causes of suicide in Sikkim are limited and prevalent notion regarding causes of suicide are mostly based on descriptive narration of an individual suicide cases that usually promotes socio-economic factors and drug use disorders. An attempt has been made in this article to examine current trend of suicide in Sikkim, assessed risk factors by analysing published and unpublished available research studies, and highlight suicide prevention responses by East Sikkim.

scholarly journals Understanding the predisposing risk factors of young suicide

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 4530
Author(s):  
Rashmi Wardhan ◽  
Padmshree Mudgal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Suicide is an unfortunate multifactorial problem impacting families and communities. Many young lives are lost every year due to suicide. There is an urgent need to understand the multifactorial risk factor mechanisms providing vulnerability to suicidal behavior for early detection of impending incidents, monitoring, and prevention. This review aims to give an insight into the various biochemical and genetic markers along with the associated socio-economic factors and mental disorders which contribute to increased suicide risk. The role of different neurotransmitter-associated pathways such as serotonin, gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), and norepinephrine pathway, and pathways involving the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, lipid metabolism, and neuroinflammation in suicide ideation and risk have been explored. Understanding of these predisposing factors and associated pathways could help identify the risk and lead to the development of drugs/ treatment to prevent suicides.

scholarly journals Analisis Spasial Kejadian Malaria Dan Habitat Larva Nyamuk Anopheles spp di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Winong Kabupaten Purworejo

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Resiany Nababan ◽  
Sitti Rahmah Umniyati
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Malaria Incidence ◽  
Breeding Site ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Breeding Habitat ◽  
Wire Mesh ◽  
Livestock Breeding ◽  
Weather Factor ◽  
Mosquito Nets ◽  
Work Area

Purpose: This study was to analyze risk factors with malaria case, to map the spatial distribution of malaria cases related to breeding habit to location spacing and to know the habitat of Anopheles sp.  mosquito larvae in  public health center Winong, district of Purworejo. Method: A case control study through geographic information system. Results: Temperature, humidity and rainfall variables have no correlation with malaria incidence. There was correlation between malaria incidence with the existence of breeding habitat, house wall condition and nighttime habit, whereas the presence of livestock, breeding site distance, the habit of wearing mosquito nets, the use of wire mesh, the use of mosquito repellent and the habit of visiting endemic areas have no relationship with malaria incidence. Night out habits were the highest risk factors associated with malaria incidence. Conclusion: There is no correlation between weather factor and malaria incidence. There is a relationship between the presence of larval breeding habitat, the condition of the wall of the house and the habit of going out at night with the incidence of malaria. There are 3 clusters in the work area of Puskesmas Winong and most cases are in the buffer zone area 1000 m distance.

The WHO-EURO Multicentre Study: Risk of Parasuicide and the Comparability of the Areas Under Study

Crisis ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Bille-Brahe ◽  
K. Andersen ◽  
D. Wasserman ◽  
A. Schmidtke ◽  
T. Bjerke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Multicentre Study ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Great Care ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
High Risk Factors ◽  
Life Styles ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

The 15 areas under study in the WHO/Euro Multicentre Study on Parasuicide vary considerably with regard to socio-economic factors, culture, life-styles, etc. In this paper, the authors discuss whether the traditional high risk factors for suicidal behavior (such as unemployment, abuse, divorce, etc.) take on different weights depending on local societal and cultural settings. Results from analyzing covariations between various background factors characteristic of the different areas under study and the frequency of attempted suicide showed weak or insignificant correlations, indicating that high-risk factors can only be identified from international pooled data with great care.

Systematic Review of Prediction Models for Preterm Birth Using CHARMS

2021 ◽  
pp. 109980042110256
Author(s):  
Jeung-Im Kim ◽  
Joo Yun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Behavioral Factors ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Objective: This study sought to evaluate prediction models for preterm birth (PTB) and to explore predictors frequently used in PTB prediction models. Methods: A systematic review was conducted. We selected studies according to the PRISMA, classified studies according to TRIPOD, appraised studies according to the PROBAST, and extracted and synthesized the data narratively according to the CHARMS. We classified the predictors in the models into socio-economic factors with demographic, psychosocial, biomedical, and health behavioral factors. Results: Twenty-one studies with 27 prediction models were selected for the analysis. Only 16 models (59.3%) defined PTB outcomes as 37 weeks or less, and seven models (25.9%) defined PTB as 32 weeks or less. The PTB rates varied according to whether high-risk pregnant women were included and according to the outcome definition used. The most frequently included predictors were age (among demographic factors), height, weight, body mass index, and chronic disease (among biomedical factors), and smoking (among behavioral factors). Conclusion: When using the PTB prediction model, one must pay attention to the outcome definition and inclusion criteria to select a model that fits the case. Many studies use the sub-categories of PTB; however, some of these sub-categories are not correctly indicated, and they can be misunderstood as PTB (≤ 37 weeks). To develop further PTB prediction models, it is necessary to set the target population and identify the outcomes to predict.

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Low Birth Weight Baby: A Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Poly Begum ◽  
Md Kamrul Hassan ◽  
Aloke Kumar Saha ◽  
Tahmina Akter ◽  
Mahmuda Afrin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Socio Economic Factors ◽  
Medical Risks

Low birth weight (LBW) is one of the main predictors of infant mortality. The global incidence of LBW is around 17%, although estimates vary from 19% in the developing countries like Bangladesh to 5-7% in the developed countries. About one third of delivery is low birth weight. LBW is generally associated with situations in which uterine malnutrition is produced due to alterations in placental circulation. There are many known risk factors, the most important of which are socio-economic factors, medical risks before or during gestation and maternal lifestyles. However, although interventions exist to prevent many of these factors before and during pregnancy, the incidence of LBW has not decreased.Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jan 2017;12(1): 40-46

scholarly journals Antirheumatic Properties of Medicinal Plants: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
Sana Shaheen ◽  
◽  
Raveena ◽  
Runjhun Mathur ◽  
Abhimanyu Kumar Jha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Cartilage Degradation ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Aerva Lanata ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Medicinal plants are widely used for the treatment of rheumatism. Around 80% of world are depends on traditional medicine. Rheumatism is a chronic, autoimmune diseases, that affects own immune system and healthy tissue which are caused inflammation. Rheumatism risk factors include hormonal, genetic, environmental, and nutritional, and socio-economic factors, ethnicity, infections, smoking, and so on. In this review use of some traditional medicine plants against rheumatism such as Aerva lanata, Mahuca longifolia, Acetaea spicata, Aesculus indica, Hemidesmus ndicus, has been discussed. This review includes the mechanism of rheumatism including inhibition of cartilage degradation. Various active compounds such as lignans, flavonols, terpenes and sterols have been found in medicinal plants, which has been found to be beneficial for the treatment of rheumatism.

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