The Significance of Earth-Eating: Social and Cultural Aspects of Geophagy Among Luo Children

Africa ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 653-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Wenzel Geissler
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
The People ◽  
Cultural Themes

ABSTRACTEarth‐eating is common among primary school children in Luoland, western Kenya. This article describes the social significance and meanings attributed to it. Earth‐eating is practised among children before puberty, irrespective of their sex, and among women of reproductive age, but not usually among adult men or old women. To eat earth signifies belonging to the female sphere within the household, which includes children up to adolescence. Through eating earth, or abandoning it, the children express their emerging gender identity. Discourses about earth‐eating, describing the practice as unhealthy and bad, draw on ‘modern’ notions of hygiene, which are imparted, for example, in school. They form part of the discursive strategies with which men especially maintain a dominant position in the community. Beyond the significance of earth‐eating in relation to age, gender and power, it relates to several larger cultural themes, namely fertility, belonging to a place, and the continuity of the lineage. Earth symbolises female, life‐bringing forces. Termite hills, earth from which is eaten by most of the children and women, can symbolise fertility, and represent the house and the home, and the graves of ancestors. Earth‐eating is a form of ‘communion’ with life‐giving forces and with the people with whom one shares land and origin. Earth‐eating is a social practice produced in complex interactions of body, mind and other people, through which children incorporate and embody social relations and cultural values.

Angnginrang

Emik ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-211
Author(s):  
Jumalia Jumalia
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Female College Student ◽  
The People ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Human Need ◽  
The Common ◽  
Spiritual Satisfaction ◽  
The Impact

Human need is human desires to own and enjoy the usefulness of goods or services that can provide physical and spiritual satisfaction for survival. This study deals with the common social practice of debting at Kodingateng Island, Makassar. It examine the people’s perspective about debt, the debt mechanism, and the impact of debt in their social life. This study was carried out at Kodingareng Island, Makassar, an island where debting is a common social practice. There were 11 participants involved in this study, consisting of a female college student, seven fishermen's wives, and a stall seller (pagadde-gadde), a diver (paselang), and a fisherman (papekang). They are aged between 24 and 47 years. Data was collected using in-depth interview (to explore people's perspectives on debt, debting mechanism, and the impact of debting behavior towards their life; and observation (to observe indebted transactions, who owes, what is owed, billing and payment moments). The study shows that people at Kodingareng Island perceive debt (inrang) as a “habit” that has become a local tradition and debt as a “bond” between the lender (to appa'nginrang) and the borrower (to nginrang). The debt mechanism depends on debted needs, which are varied from primary needs, secondary needs, and tertiary needs; and on the importance of such need. The more important an item becomes, the more often the type of item is debted. The mechanism is simple, one just mention what s/he need and goods can be directly taken or delivered. Despite the fact there is a informal agreement between the lender and the borrower, in many cases the payment methods depends on the borrower. The impact of debt for the people of Kodingareng Island is categorized into three: people are trapped in an endless debt since debt is carried out continuously; generating generation debtors since they are accustomed to see and to practice debt; and affecting community social relations since payments are faltered, despite debting is not a shamefull behaviour.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Built Environment on Human Behaviors

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Amira Mersal Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Architectural Style ◽  
Space Design ◽  
The People ◽  
Old City ◽  
Life Issues ◽  
The Impact

This study discusses the issue of the relationship between the physical environment and the behavior of its inhabitants in the traditional cities (The Old City of Al-Quds). It analyses the effects that results from that particular physical environment on the different aspects of the lives of its people, as well as their interactive influence and change on the features of the environment within which they are living in order to adapt to their different needs in this rapidly changing era of technological revolution. This is to understand how does the old urban fabric - which was originally formed as reflection and translation to a past culture - emphasize utilizing the knowledge of human behavior while designing the built environments. It also discusses the role of architects in the psychological space design and formation of appropriate and inappropriate behavioral patterns by them. This study aims mainly to shed light on the housing in the old city of Al-Quds; in particular; which has shown continuous decline in its standards and requirements of living for the functional, social, educational psychological, and health aspects of the population. This is to determine the extent to which the influence between the population and the physical environment exists through the analysis of the specific architectural style of the housing environment, with its particular formation, elements and characteristics on the people's traditions, values, and social relations. The study leads to the conclusion that the existing situation of the residential environment, in old city, had lost much of its cultural values which forms the linking joint between the cultural and social identity of the inhabitants and the architectural style of the physical fabric of housing. It also concludes that the reality of its existing situation has a negative impact on residents' characteristics and on their different life issues, while sometimes keeping part of the original features. The study recommends that upgrading the housing use within the old city in Al-Quds is one of the most important factors; not only to save the old city alive, but also to revive the cultural values associated with our cultural heritage and national identity which could be achieved by applying various programs among people to support them, promote their living conditions, raise their awareness , and strengthen their national affiliation which will also lead to arresting the decline in the historic monuments which are closely linked not only to the people own civilization but also to their historic rights in this land.

scholarly journals The Ethnographic Description and Analysis for Culture of Hajj-Ceremonies Performance and Its Impact on Public Social Relations in Shooshtar City (Iran)

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Azar Gholizadeh ◽  
Mahmoud Navarbafzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Dramatic Effect ◽  
Khuzestan Province ◽  
Philosophy Of Life ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
Depth Interview

Ten thousand thousands of people move from their own homeland and city toward Hejaz every year in order to perform hajj minor (Omareh Mofradeh) and major (Hajj Tamatto) pilgrimages as one of the most splendid religious prayers of Muslims. The Hajj culture is one of the precious, dynamic, and live sources of which the spirit of life, morality, and philosophy of life is induced and inspired. It familiarizes public emotion and insight within framework of rites and ceremonial activities by the aid of its latent values, norms, mysteries, and secrets. It is hereby followed by a pleasant pattern for life and dramatic effect in social ties. The present article is intended to conduct an ethnographic description and analysis on Hajj culture and its impact on public social relations among people of Shooshtar city (Iran, Khuzestan province) through employing ethnographical technique and for the sake of data collection some tools have been utilized including oral history, observation, and in-depth interview. The resultant findings have signified this point that hajj culture might noticeably effect on social ties and relations where this significant effect is surely visible in ethnic customs and ceremonies of the people. The people hold this ceremony with a lot of enthusiasm and eager similar to the past that is deemed as a type of thanksgiving and prayer for God as creator. Despite of public eager and enthusiasm for participation and holding these ceremonies and rites, the lavish luxuriousness phenomenon has been accustomed in their performance as well that caused their social relations not to be proportionally performed to cultural values of hajj and in other words a type of haughtiness, masquerading, and envy has been observed in performing these ceremonies and rites.

scholarly journals PENCIPTAAN NARASI PRODUK BUDAYA MASYARAKAT DESA PLUNTURAN KECAMATAN PULUNG KABUPATEN PONOROGO

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.B. Agung Prasaja ◽  
Edy Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Narrative Form ◽  
Cultural Products ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
The People ◽  
Art Works ◽  
Cultural Order ◽  
Narrative Culture ◽  
Patterns Of Interaction

ABSTRACT Narrative can grow and develop regardless of geographical background. Of the various definitions of narrative, most of them relate the two main characteristics of it, namely: 1) events, governed by temporality-chronology of events and their presentation in the text; 2) telling or making a story, as a verbal act of mediation. Narrative is used to accommodate the interests of society such as ideology, nationalism, social relations, cultural order. These aspects include natural aspects, geographical aspects, social aspects, cultural aspects, political aspects, historical aspects, philosophical aspects, anthropological aspects, economic aspects, language aspects, artistic aspects, mythological aspects, technological aspects. Research on the ethnographic aspects of the people of plunturan village seeks to reveal the problems formulated as follows; 1. How is the construction of cultural products built by the villagers of plunturan, pulung district, kab. Ponorogo. 2. How the narrative was created by the villagers of Plunturan Pulung, Ponorogo? The phenomenon of narrative, literary works, art works, and cultural products are entities that are interrelated with one another, this also occurs in the community of plunturan village. Ethnography is defined as a form of investigation that relies heavily on participant observation, at least researchers are in a marginal position, trying to document in detail, patterns of interaction, people's perspectives, and patterns of their daily understanding and manifest the imagination of the people of plunturan kec. Pulung kab ponorogo in narrative form. Keywords: ethnography, narrative, culture, local, interdisciplinary

scholarly journals Local Wisdom Values in the Pujawali Tradition

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 590-596
Author(s):  
Joni Pranata ◽  
Hadion Wijoyo ◽  
Agung Suharyanto
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Cultural Condition ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Community Culture ◽  
Research Results ◽  
The People

This study aims to determine the local wisdom of the Buddhist community in Lombok, especially North Lombok in relation to the environment, nature, and plural social relations. The research method was carried out qualitatively on Buddhist communities in North Lombok Regency. This research results in the finding that basically the local wisdom of the Buddhist community is extracted from the experience of the community from the acculturation of the Majapahit Kingdom tradition which is very familiar with its environment and has long lived in a community culture that is one with nature, known asPujawali / memareq / worship. The local wisdom of Pujawali custom is a social and cultural condition which contains cultural values that respect and are adaptive to the natural surroundings, and are arranged steadily in a society's customs. Even though they are often considered old-fashioned, the values they teach and the practices they carry out are still a regular way of maintaining the environment and good relations between and within religious communities because they still hold strong beliefs about protecting nature means protecting life. Mujawali's wisdom teaches about maintaining harmony and unity, things that cannot be negotiated because actually the people of North Lombok have one ancestor in line with that in North Lombok the people hold the principle of helping merenten (we are all brothers).

scholarly journals Model Kearifan Lokal dalam Konteks Pembangunan Pariwisata

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Azhar Azhar
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Driving Factor ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
The People ◽  
The Village

<p>Local wisdom is one of the cultural values that are still manifest in the order of life of the people in Indonesia. It is a valuable concept so that it can be used as a guide to behavior in a society. This research was conducted with the aim of (1) analyzing the forms of local wisdom contained in the community and their impact on tourism development; (2) finding models or innovations in forms of local wisdom in an effort to realize sustainable development in general and tourism development in particular. This study was conducted at Gampong Aneuk Laot and Gampong Iboih by involving community elements, namely the Village Head, Tuha Peuet, Religious Leaders, cultural figures and tourism actors. Overall, it can be concluded that the value of local wisdom, especially environmental aspects, is a driving factor for proper economic and socio-cultural aspects to be used as a model of local wisdom that can guarantee the sustainability of tourism development.</p>

scholarly journals Lembaga perkreditan desa sebagai penopang keajegan budaya ekonomi masyarakat Bali

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Anak Agung Ngurah Gede Sadiartha
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Credit Union ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
The People ◽  
Global Banking ◽  
Economic Culture ◽  
Management Functions

Village Credit Union “Lembaga Perkreditan Desa” (LPD) continues to develop into an autonomous and tough intermediary institution. This paper discusses LPD as a model of superior traditional financial institutions, and its role in supporting the economic culture of the people of Bali. This paper is the result of qualitative research with data obtained from observation, documentation study and interview with 10 informants: LPD credit recipients, practitioners and observers of LPD. The data were descriptively, qualitatively, and interpretatively analyzed using economic management theory and the theory of social practice (Bourdieu). The results show: Firstly, LPD develops into a formidable traditional financial institution because: (a) LPD was autonomous, not subject to central policy, but refer to local regulations and awig-awig; (b) Implementation of modern global banking management, ie management functions, 5C principles, and innovation of LPD products and implementastion of cultural values ??of local organizations including Hindu philosophy on prosperity Tri Hita Karana, Catur Asrama and human relations manyamebraya. Secondly, the existence of LPD was able to improve socio-economic welfare and sustain the cultural traditions of indigenous villagers in Bali.

Ethnography of Female Diaspora Networks: The Emerging Case of Pakistani Female Entrepreneurs in London

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Basit
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The Social

The business environment of a host country reflects the complex interplay of multiple social, cultural and religious factors with the lives and work of ethnic minority women. The distinct social context of each ethnic or immigrant group determines its position in the host country. Every ethnic minority group has its unique characteristics, social and cultural conventions and resources that facilitate or constrain their entrepreneurial endeavours. As social actors, ethnic minority entrepreneurs draw support and resources from the ‘network of social relations’; hence it is the ‘social network’ that facilitates or constraints the social actors’. It is the formation and utilization of a network of relationships that shapes the entrepreneurial outcomes which are not independent of external factors. Exploration of the outcomes of the interplay of gender, ethnicity and religion shaping the personal network of Pakistani female entrepreneurs forms the focus of this article in which ethnographic inquiry is used to explore the ‘meaning and perception’ attached to social relations by Pakistani female entrepreneurs in a special ethnic and immigrant context. Gender as a ‘social practice’ influenced by religious and cultural values leads Pakistani females to maintain ‘women only networks’ and rely on kinship networks. Transition from ethnic to non-ethnic and expansion of network is the outcome of mistrust on ethnic community members.

scholarly journals Pemahaman tentang Budaya Supporter Sepakbola (Kajian Fenomenologi Berdasarkan Kasus Supporter Sepakbola Aremania Malang)

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-46
Author(s):  
Harun Ahmad ◽  
Yahmun Yahmun
Keyword(s):  
Social Practice ◽  
Common Reference ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
The People ◽  
Football Fans ◽  
One Year ◽  
Emic Perspective ◽  
Qualitative Phenomenological ◽  
Time And Energy

The research was motivated by the debate over cultural affairs of football supporters in both theoretical and empirical levels. From these debates there are a number of relevant problems to be studied further, especially emic perspective, ie with respect to (1) the concept of football supporters socially constructed and is rooted in the view Aremania, (2) typology of football supporters among Aremania accordance with the concepts and categories as well as the basic values of what used as the basis of concepts and categorization, (3) football supporter culture is used as the common reference Aremania and the factors that influence it. This research is a qualitative phenomenological, with three methodological implications, namely (1) to put the focus on the observation and study of the social practices that take place as rergularitas daily, (2) to notice cultural aspects or dimensions that surround the practice of social actors, and (3) to put the actors as knowledgeable agents of social practice, it is necessary for the analysis of strategic conduct. The experiment was conducted in Malang, East Java, precisely in the city of Malang, with feld activities for one year, ie since the beginning of October 2011 to October 2012, and obtained the following results. First, Aremania football fans everywhere characterized as football fans in general. This is consistent with the conception of football supporters who claim that football fans are different from other fans because of the audience but also have high levels of bigotry against high club. However, it is wrong to equate Aremania with other football fans. Because, unlike fanatical fanaticism of Aremania of the other football fans. But the ethics are culture fanatic fans who wanted to be constructed by Aremania. Fanatical but should not be to the extent of harm to others. There is respect for the values of humanity while keeping the honor and dignity of the people of Malang. Secondly, based on the emic perspective, football fans have covered broader meaning than merely watching football. Devoting time and energy maximize resources belonging to supporting his favorite club is also interpreted as a football supporter culture. Even time consuming as well as the soul-body to support his/her favorite team is also defned as the culture of football fans. Third, even football and it’s important for Arema people of Malang, but its primacy over the instrumental is more pride and underwriters including a source of honor and dignity of Malang people. This is consistent with the ethos of the culture of the Malang who “comes frst” matter of honor and dignity.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Built Environment on Human Behaviors

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Amira Mersal Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Architectural Style ◽  
Space Design ◽  
The People ◽  
Old City ◽  
Life Issues ◽  
The Impact

This study discusses the issue of The relationship between the physical environment and the behavior of its inhabitants, in the traditional cities (The Old City of alquds) . It analyses the effects that results from that particularphysical environment , on the different aspects of the lives of it's people , as well as their interactive influence and change on the features of the environment within which they are living, to adapt to their different needs , in this rapidly changing era of technological revolution , in order to understand how does that old urban fabric - which was originally formed as reflection and translation to a past culture –  emphasize utilizing the knowledge of human behaviour while designing the built environments and it also discusses the role of architects in the psychological space design and formation of appropriate and inappropriate behavioral patterns by them. This study aims mainly to shed light on the housing in the Old City of alquds, in particular - which has shown continues decline in it's standards and requirements of living - for the functional , social, educational psychological and health aspects of the population , in order to determine the extent to which the influence between the populationand the physical environment does exists, through the analysis of the specific architectural style, of the housing environment, with its particular formation, elements and , characteristics, on the people's traditions, values, social relations,  The study leads to the conclusion that ; the existing situation of the residential environment, in old city, had lost much of its cultural values, that forms the linking joint between the cultural and social identity of the inhabitants, and the architectural style of the physical fabric of housing . Also that the reality of its existing situation has a negative impact on residents' characteristics, and on their different life issues, while sometimes keeping part of the original features, The study recommends that upgrading housing use within the old city in Alquds, is one of the most important factors, not only to save the old city alive, but also to revive the cultural values associated with the our cultural heritage and national identity , that could be achieved by applying various programs among people to support them , promote their living conditions, raise their awareness , and strengthen their national affiliation , that will also lead to arresting the decline in the historic monuments which are closely linked not only to the people own civilization but also to their historic rights in this land .

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